Nick, et alii behavioristae -

We have been using "self-conscious" roughly in place of what I understand to be "self-aware".  I don't think of *many* animals to be self-conscious even though I grant warm-bloodeds for sure and other vertebrates maybe self-awareness.  I've known *domesticates* to demonstrate self-consciousness... in the sense of "dancing like someone is watching"... showing off, being shy, etc.

I can add a new character to my gallop of characters here. Yesterday I went to the tiny-fish-slave-market (known as PetCo) and purchased for about $7 20+ goldfish whose breeding was intended for the "feed other pets" market.   Snakes and ???   not sure what these little guys are normally fed to.   So now I have a whole cohort of characters called "little fishies"...   one died in the water/air-filled bag on the way home (just 30 mins, but apparently too much shock)...   and once acclimatized and released into a smaller pond above the main pond (where the bigger fish live), all "little fishies" quickly found their comfort zone swimming "upstream" in the circulating current (generated by the pump/recirculation feeding from the main pond).   One got caught near the spillway swimming upstream continuously to avoid going over in the spirit of "swam and swam all over the dam, oh damn!" .

A few hours later, a new character enters the tableau:  Garter the  Snake... not a big one, maybe 2 feet long and a body not much thicker than a fat pencil.   This little fellow panicked when he saw Hank and I approach... the thrashed around and around the top pond (2' diameter, surrounded by stones) looking for a "way out" that didn't include exposing himself yet-more to me (and Hank). After he finally raised his need to flee over his fear of direct encounter, I tried counting little fishies, but they were too elusive and too busy to really count... but there were still "plenty" there.   I know snakes to be able to open wide and gulp things half again too big for their jaws when closed...   The range of size of "little fishies" seemed to be between "too big" and "way too big" for Garter... but probably not.     This morning Hank and I went to count again and the small pond had no evident fish in it.   Fortunately the big pond showed a good number of the little guys, maybe all of them?  I'm guessing they all gave up one, by one, resisting "going over the waterfall"...  or maybe Garter ate all the ones who didn't take the plunge?   I've seen both Garter's bigger brothers and their second cousin RedRacer in the ponds before which may be a better explanation than "Racoons" for why the numbers of live fish always dwindle over time without any evident floaters (or frozen fish-sticks which do happen in winter if I fail to keep the circulation going in the coldest periods).

From what I know of *proper* pond culture, if these little guys (or the 2-3 times bigger cousins) ever get to be big enough, I will likely name them individually and begin to project onto them all kinds of sentience/consciousness/self-awareness that is easy to not-do when they are still tiny (<1" long)?   Maybe because they are young and still ignorant of everything but their immediate here/now with little experience to expand that.    On the other extreme, last time I was  at the Rio Grande after a big flood period, there were a number of huge (2' long?) carp caught in the drift/detritus and they didn't strike me in the least as self-aware (maybe I'd have felt different if I'd met them while they were still alive?).

As suggested elsewhere in the thread "the ability to model the world and run that model forwards and backwards in time" and elaborated in Friston's various extrapolations/expansions (Free Energy Principle, Dynamic Causal Modeling, Active Inference <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karl_J._Friston>).

I'm about to launch two other characters into the pond, a leaf-lettuce rootlet and a celery rootlet, both started in a bowl on my windowsill.   Just to see if they can continue to grow aquaponically if I find a way to help them float with their roots underwater and their growing leaf-cores to reach for the sun. They do have sensations (albeit slower/duller? than mine or the fishes) and they do execute responses (growing their roots into the water, growing their leaves into the sunlight/air), albeit slower?   Conscious?  Self-aware?  Not really, or if so barely, or perhaps just "foreignly and slowly"?   I don't imagine they are much if at all aware of me, much less my intentions of pulling them apart limb from limb to eat them (like I did their clone-parent?).  Mary, on the other hand sings to her houseplants, and they do seem to thrive compared to when I am in charge of their water-offerings.   I look forward to little fishies nibbling on their roots while offering them nitrogen-rich nutrients in the way all animals do.

The little (and middle) fishies dance like someone (predators?) are watching... the celery and lettuce-lets, not so much?   BTW, for all the birds visiting the pond, none of them appear to prey on fish... though some are big on insects...

(typing like nobody is reading)....

 - Steve


On 7/18/24 10:33 AM, Nicholas Thompson wrote:
Thanks, Dave.   Sorry if I don]t hold up my end. I am falling behind in everything except my capacity to be stirred up by  ideas.  Bad combination.   Maybe it's time for Caleb to come and take away my keyboard.

So,  I now see a new problem in our anecdotal method here: How to continue without spinning off into vague agreement. Along with a desire to achieve agreement comes a desire to delimit it.  We agree that all the characters in the story are conscious; I am trying to see how we could explore the degree of our agreement on the proposition that we are all self-conscious.

That's what I am thinking about now, but I am late to THUAM so I am going there now.

N



On Wed, Jul 17, 2024 at 4:41 PM Prof David West <profw...@fastmail.fm> wrote:

        Dusty is conscious of Dusty. One reason: I give Jackson (my
        other dog) a treat and observe body language and facial
        expressions exhibited by Dusty that I interpret as, "where's
        mine?" This indicates to me some kind of Dusty
        self-awareness/consciousness of self.


    /*Could you say more about the body language and  facial
    expressions.  Imagine that I am going to take care of your two
    dogs for a weekend;  what would you tell me to look for?*/

    the above is the quote from me email to the list the bold-italic
    is your request. around the 15th of July.




    Dusty and Jackson have their own idiosyncratic (notice the
    attribution of a self-aware consciousness in that word) way of
    asking for / obtaining what they want.

    Dusty's way is silent, Jackson's almost always involves a
    gentle-bark/yip. E.g., Dusty wants a head rub so she comes over
    and places her chin on my knee and looks soulful. Jackson sits
    close to my knee, establishes eye contact and vocalizes his request.

    Both come to my bed at the earliest sign of sunrise (around 5:30
    these days) and stare at me. Jackson will eventually vocalize and
    I get up. Dusty has observed this, daily, for the past N-months
    but has never been tempted to vocalize herself.

    if she ever does vocalize, even by accident, I will immediately
    rise and see if she learns the stimulus-response pattern.

    I may be seeing nothing more than early training. Dusty's previous
    owners demanded that she be seen and not heard, and to wait,
    indefinitely, for explicit invitations. I have no idea about
    Jackson's early training.

    davew




    On Wed, Jul 17, 2024, at 10:18 AM, Nicholas Thompson wrote:
    David, and all.

    I am trying to keep this thread as clean of the meta as I can. 
    So I will answer your general critique on the other thread. 
    Suffice it to say here that  behaviorism is way in the rear view
    mirror at this point and I certainly am not trying to teach it. 
    Suffice it to say, also, I am sure I have done all the bad things
    you point to;  I am blundering about here trying to find a way
    toward shared understandings of experiences.

    */Dusty will look up, at Jackson, as he is receiving a treat,
    then stand, in a position I interpret as 'being on alert' and
    look at Jackson, then at me, then Jackson, then me (sometimes as
    many as 4-5 times), then 'staring' at me.  Jackson does something
    similar, but he will also utter a small bark/yip while staring./*

    My command of gmail bring what it is, I cannot find the email
    where I prompted this elaboration from you.  I am sure there is
    one.  i just cant find it.  Ok, so lets say we are groping toward
    a method here, call it critical anecdotalism.  Person A tells a
    story which, intuitively he feels is an example of some
    experience-type. Person B agrees or disagrees with that
    attribution.  Together we work out what other experiences would
    follow if this attribution was correct.  Here, we might discover
    that we disagree about  the boundaries of the experience-type. 
    But it if we find that we agree on those boundaries, then we
    search through our experiences for other anecdotes that fall
    within -- or out of --the type.  So, as I read your description,
    I think, this is an example of "trying to figure out what the
    heck I have to do to get a treat, around here?"  You might then
    do an experiment, which I understand in this context to be a
    procedure that provokes an experience that we both would take as
    decisive.  Let's say you start to feed Jackson ONLY when he yips.
    If, after a few days of that, Dusty doesn't begin to yip, I would
    be less inclined to my original attribution.

    It's kind of you to help  me with this, Dave.

    It's quite possible I am just sliding into dementia.  Always a risk.

    Nick


    davew





    On Wed, Jul 17, 2024 at 10:27 AM Prof David West
    <profw...@fastmail.fm> wrote:

        From the beginning, I believed this thread was, in
        substantial part, Nick's attempt to 'teach' us to think as
        behavioralists and see how far we could go in achieving some
        kind of consensus. I tried very hard to couch all of my
        responses in such terms. I did express, early on, that I had
        serious doubts about how far we could go without deviating
        into other questions—and the answer appears to be not far.

        First I copped to blatant anthropomorphism with seem to be
        accepted with no concern.
        Then Nick introduced metaphysics followed by a quick mea culpa.
        Then a flood of additional metaphsysics (inside/outside),
        inter-species (human-whale, human-machine) illustrations,
        definitional nuances (consciousness, awareness,
        intelligence), and my challenge to the 'approach' because it
        excluded 'evidence' from meditation or drugs.

        Although Nick keeps saying he is 'pleased' with responses, I
        am curious as to whether or not we are really making progress
        towards consensus of any kind.

        But, just in case, responding to Nick's last question to me:
        Dusty will look up, at Jackson, as he is receiving a treat,
        then stand, in a position I interpret as 'being on alert' and
        look at Jackson, then at me, then Jackson, then me (sometimes
        as many as 4-5 times), then 'staring' at me.  Jackson does
        something similar, but he will also utter a small bark/yip
        while staring.

        davew



        On Tue, Jul 16, 2024, at 11:59 AM, steve smith wrote:
        > Nick -
        >> I must say, I am grateful and pleased by all these
        testimonials and I
        >> am beginning to sense method in my madness.
        > I'm glad you were willing able to wade through my gallop of
        > observations/reflections/experiences with these two highly
        central
        > creatures in my household.
        >> I notice you are much vaguer about Cyd than you are about
        Hank.
        > Very much so, as I experience with many cats, she does not
        reach as far
        > into human psyche/nature to meet me as most dogs (Hank in
        particular) does.
        >>    So, in your assertion that Cyd is both conscious and self
        >> conscious, I am inclined to ask for more details.   So the
        method goes
        >> something like this
        >>
        >> We statt with the intouition that because Cyd does X,  Cyd
        is conscious.
        >
        > I think you know from my pan-consciousness self-diagnosis
        that all of
        > the things I am inclined to report about Cyd also applies
        to the
        > hummingbirds, the lizards she stalks, and the fish Hank
        barks at.
        >
        > Cyd has a very highly adaptive sensorimotor system which
        not only allows
        > her to be good at stalking and catching lizards but also at
        begging her
        > people to let her out to do so, or to give her a helping of
        "second
        > dinners" like the hobbit she channels. She observes,
        considers, acts,
        > observes the consequences of her acts (the book falling
        from the top of
        > the bookcase when she traverses it too rambunctioiusly, the
        way Mary
        > jumps up and lets her out when she hits the right note of
        plaintive
        > meow, the way the lizard freezes when it senses her).  
        This is an
        > overwhelming indication of consciousness in my apprehension
        of the world.
        >
        > We were implying that an animal's "Love" or "loving
        relationship with" a
        > human familiar had something to do with consciousness.   I
        think that is
        > a red-herring,   I don't think the lizards love Mary when
        she frees them
        > from Cyd's jaws, but I do think they are acutely conscious.
        >
        >>   From our prior  usage of the term, we know that if Cyd
        is conscious,
        >> he will do things A, B, C, D, ....N with greater frequency
        than
        >> otherwise. We check t o  see if this is true. Does Sbe? 
        Ifso, we now
        >> add Cyd to the list  of conscious beings.   Now we check
        to see if
        >> other conscious beings do X with greater frequency than
        non conscious
        >> ones.  If so, we have added to the list of things that
        conscious
        >> beings do.
        >
        > See above...  A==sense, B==process, C==respond.    I don't
        know that A,
        > B, C singularly without both of the others even makes sense.
        >
        > The fish in the pond are almost continuously in some level
        of motion,
        > they appear to be sensing with their photon and olfactory and
        > vibration/pressure-wave sensors.   They respond to signals
        (shadow of
        > human or dog looming over pond, insect landing on the
        surface of the
        > pond, bit of high-nutrient food sinking in the pond) by
        bolting or
        > gulping or seeking more input (curiosity). While a lot of their
        > processing may be prewired/instinctive, I do believe that
        part of their
        > processing is in support of "learning". The dragonflies who
        like the
        > high-ground of the tips of everything they can alight on
        seem yet more
        > automatic/instinctual yet they appear (because I project?)
        to learn...
        > they appear to become more and more tolerant of my
        approaching them the
        > more I do it?  They likely recognize that despite the
        appeal of the tip
        > of my car antennae, the tips of the cat-tails in the pond
        seem to be
        > more appealing given the likely food-flux they can spy and
        grab from
        > that vantage (but this is a just-so projection since I'm
        not a very
        > disciplined naturalist, I really have nothing but anecdotal
        observations).
        >
        > So perhaps D might be "learn"...
        >
        > Which takes me to the trees and bushes I feel a strong
        > affinity/familiarity with.   Do they A, B, C (and even
        D?).  I say yes.
        > They don't have lenses over their photo-receptors, but
        since their
        > primary/singular energy gathering activity is
        photonic/light, they
        > clearly sense light.   They also seem to be able to extend
        root growth
        > toward water and nutrients, or along same said
        nutrients...  this
        > represents A and C as does growth "reaching" growth out
        from under the
        > shade to gather more light? What about B?   B would seem to
        be entirely
        > pre-wired processing, not adaptive at the scale of the
        individual
        > single-lifetime organism?   Which spills over to "learning"
        (D) which
        > maybe isn't happening at the scale of the individual...
        does a branch or
        > root keep "reaching" even if it gets stymied over and
        over?  I'm not
        > sure.  So if B and even D are required for "consciousness"
        then perhaps
        > it is only a population of such organisms and the germline
        phenotypic
        > expression which we must acknowledge some level of
        "proto-consciousness"
        > to?
        >
        > To go on down the line of lower-and lower complexity
        entities or systems
        > i'd have to grasp further and seek the existing guidance of
        others in
        > the pan-consciousness world who have worked through this in
        their own ways.
        >
        > Bottom line, is that the "bottom line" of consciousness
        feels very hard
        > for me to even begin to want to draw between Hank and Cyd
        or where it
        > excludes Lizzy or Fishy or DraggyFly or any and all of the
        > yet-less-familiar creatures they stalk and eat. Interesting
        that all of
        > these are predators, no?
        >
        > Yet another free-associateve gallop?
        >
        >
        >
        >
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    --
    Nicholas S. Thompson
    Emeritus Professor of Psychology and Ethology
    Clark University
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Emeritus Professor of Psychology and Ethology
Clark University

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