Re: url fetching from xml depending upon selection

[Stefan Behnel]

shanti bhushan, 18.05.2010 07:18:

I have a sample.XML file
the code is like this




My Podcasts
Sun, 07 Mar 2010 15:53:26

GMT
Sun, 07 Mar 2010 15:53:26

GMT


   
 http://first.co.jp"; />
 http://www.google.com"; />
 http://www.epaper.times.india.com"; />
   
   
 http://second.co.jp"; />
 http://www.google.com"; />
 http://www.epaper.times.india.com"; />
   
   
 http://third.co.jp"; />
 http://www.google.com"; />
 http://www.epaper.times.india.com"; />
   




This my python code
from xml.etree import ElementTree

with open('our.xml', 'rt') as f:
 tree = ElementTree.parse(f)

for node, value in tree.findall('.//TestCase/Input'):

 url=node.attrib.get('url')
 print url

i want to print the url depending on name="sprint_001".


for test_case in tree.findall('.//TestCase'):
if test_case.get('name') == 'sprint_002':
   for input_el in test_case:
   print input_el.get('url')

Stefan

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Re: pickle unable to load collection

[Peter Otten]

paragk wrote:

> Hi,
> 
> I am unable to figure out the cause of python pickle unable to find
> the collection module.
> 
> I am getting
> 
> __import__(module)
> ImportError: No module named collections
> 
> when I try to load a pickled object.
> 
> Details:
> 
> Python version:
> 
> Python 2.6 (r26:66721, Oct  2 2008, 11:35:03) [MSC v.1500 32 bit
> (Intel)] on win32
> 
> 
> [CODE]
> 
> import sys
> import glob
> import collections
> import pickle
> 
> ...
> 
> SomeListDict = collections.defaultdict(list)
> 
> ... # Populate SomeListDict
> 
> DictFile = open (options.saveDict, 'w')
> pickle.dump(SomeListDict , DictFile, -1)
> DictFile.close()

[...]

> From the above analysis, clearly the collection module exists, since
> the dump works.
> 
> What am I missing?

You have to open the file in binary mode "wb".

>>> import collections
>>> import pickle
>>> data = pickle.dumps(collections.defaultdict())
>>> pickle.loads(data)
defaultdict(None, {})

Now simulate the effect of writing in text mode and reading in binary mode:

>>> garbled_data = data.replace("\n", "\r\n")
>>> pickle.loads(garbled_data)
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "", line 1, in 
  File "/usr/lib/python2.6/pickle.py", line 1374, in loads
return Unpickler(file).load()
  File "/usr/lib/python2.6/pickle.py", line 858, in load
dispatch[key](self)
  File "/usr/lib/python2.6/pickle.py", line 1090, in load_global
klass = self.find_class(module, name)
  File "/usr/lib/python2.6/pickle.py", line 1124, in find_class
__import__(module)
ImportError: No module named collections

>>> try: pickle.loads(garbled_data)
... except ImportError as e:
... e
...
ImportError('No module named collections\r',)

So as Steven suspected there was a whitespace char in the module name: 
pickle.load() was looking for the "collections\r" module.

Peter
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Re: Pyserial and pysqlite data types, need advice

[jon vs. python]

The best thing I've found is this:

http://eli.thegreenplace.net/2009/05/29/storing-blobs-in-a-sqlite-db-with-pythonpysqlite/

On Mon, May 17, 2010 at 5:05 PM, jon vs. python wrote:

> Hi,
> I'm trying to store frames received via serial port (using Pyserial) into a
> sqlite database (using Pysqlite) in order to perform off-line processing.
> Thus I could use both SQL's power and Python's magic to make everything
> easier. I'd like my code to be generic and work both for binary and ascii
> protocols, too.
>
> Which kind of data should I use to store the frames?
> Should I store every byte as a char in VARCHAR? (This seems to fail when
> trying to store non printable characters).
> Should I encapsulate frames in buffer objects and store them in BLOBs?
> (This seems to work but hides content and thus doesn't allow to use database
> operations directly on the data)
> I've also tried, unsuccessfully, to use bytearrays with pysqlite...
>
> Any suggestion?
>
> Thanks, Jon.
>
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Re: url fetching from xml depending upon selection

[shanti bhushan]

On May 18, 10:18 am, shanti bhushan  wrote:
> I have a sample.XML file
> the code is like this
>
> 
> 
> 
>         My Podcasts
>         Sun, 07 Mar 2010 15:53:26
>
> GMT
>         Sun, 07 Mar 2010 15:53:26
>
> GMT
> 
> 
>   
>     http://first.co.jp"; />
>     http://www.google.com"; />
>     http://www.epaper.times.india.com"; />
>   
>   
>     http://second.co.jp"; />
>     http://www.google.com"; />
>     http://www.epaper.times.india.com"; />
>   
>   
>     http://third.co.jp"; />
>     http://www.google.com"; />
>     http://www.epaper.times.india.com"; />
>   
> 
> 
>
> This my python code
> from xml.etree import ElementTree
>
> with open('our.xml', 'rt') as f:
>     tree = ElementTree.parse(f)
>
> for node, value in tree.findall('.//TestCase/Input'):
>
>         url=node.attrib.get('url')
>         print url
>
> i want to print the url depending on name="sprint_001".
> If i change my option to sprint_002 it should print url for sprint_002


i have tried some new things here

from xml.etree import ElementTree

with open('our.xml', 'rt') as f:
tree = ElementTree.parse(f)

for node in tree.findall('.//TestCase/'):
print node.attrib.keys()
print node.attrib.items()
print node.attrib.get(1)

url=node.attrib.get('url')
print url



but i am not getting idea ... how to achive my motive
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Re: url fetching from xml depending upon selection

[shanti bhushan]

On May 18, 12:04 pm, Stefan Behnel  wrote:
> shanti bhushan, 18.05.2010 07:18:
>
>
>
>
>
> > I have a sample.XML file
> > the code is like this
>
> > 
> > 
> > 
> >    My Podcasts
> >    Sun, 07 Mar 2010 15:53:26
>
> > GMT
> >    Sun, 07 Mar 2010 15:53:26
>
> > GMT
> > 
> > 
> >    
> >      http://first.co.jp"; />
> >      http://www.google.com"; />
> >      http://www.epaper.times.india.com"; />
> >    
> >    
> >      http://second.co.jp"; />
> >      http://www.google.com"; />
> >      http://www.epaper.times.india.com"; />
> >    
> >    
> >      http://third.co.jp"; />
> >      http://www.google.com"; />
> >      http://www.epaper.times.india.com"; />
> >    
> > 
> > 
>
> > This my python code
> > from xml.etree import ElementTree
>
> > with open('our.xml', 'rt') as f:
> >      tree = ElementTree.parse(f)
>
> > for node, value in tree.findall('.//TestCase/Input'):
>
> >          url=node.attrib.get('url')
> >          print url
>
> > i want to print the url depending on name="sprint_001".
>
>      for test_case in tree.findall('.//TestCase'):
>          if test_case.get('name') == 'sprint_002':
>             for input_el in test_case:
>                 print input_el.get('url')
>
> Stefan- Hide quoted text -
>
> - Show quoted text -

Hi Stevan
i tried your logic i am not getting any out put for this
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Re: url fetching from xml depending upon selection

[Stefan Behnel]

shanti bhushan, 18.05.2010 07:18:

I have a sample.XML file
the code is like this




My Podcasts
Sun, 07 Mar 2010 15:53:26

GMT
Sun, 07 Mar 2010 15:53:26

GMT


   
 http://first.co.jp"; />
 http://www.google.com"; />
 http://www.epaper.times.india.com"; />
   
   
 http://second.co.jp"; />
 http://www.google.com"; />
 http://www.epaper.times.india.com"; />
   
   
 http://third.co.jp"; />
 http://www.google.com"; />
 http://www.epaper.times.india.com"; />
   




This my python code
from xml.etree import ElementTree

with open('our.xml', 'rt') as f:
 tree = ElementTree.parse(f)

for node, value in tree.findall('.//TestCase/Input'):

 url=node.attrib.get('url')
 print url



i want to print the url depending on name="sprint_001".
If i change my option to sprint_002 it should print url for sprint_002


Actually, try this:

test_cases = dict(
 (test_case.get('name'), [ el.get('url') for el in test_case ])
 for test_case in tree.findall('.//TestCase') )

print test_cases['Sprint_001']   # -> prints list of URLs

That gives you a dict of test case names that are mapped to the list of 
their URLs.


Stefan

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Re: url fetching from xml depending upon selection

[shanti bhushan]

On May 18, 12:04 pm, Stefan Behnel  wrote:
> shanti bhushan, 18.05.2010 07:18:
>
>
>
>
>
> > I have a sample.XML file
> > the code is like this
>
> > 
> > 
> > 
> >    My Podcasts
> >    Sun, 07 Mar 2010 15:53:26
>
> > GMT
> >    Sun, 07 Mar 2010 15:53:26
>
> > GMT
> > 
> > 
> >    
> >      http://first.co.jp"; />
> >      http://www.google.com"; />
> >      http://www.epaper.times.india.com"; />
> >    
> >    
> >      http://second.co.jp"; />
> >      http://www.google.com"; />
> >      http://www.epaper.times.india.com"; />
> >    
> >    
> >      http://third.co.jp"; />
> >      http://www.google.com"; />
> >      http://www.epaper.times.india.com"; />
> >    
> > 
> > 
>
> > This my python code
> > from xml.etree import ElementTree
>
> > with open('our.xml', 'rt') as f:
> >      tree = ElementTree.parse(f)
>
> > for node, value in tree.findall('.//TestCase/Input'):
>
> >          url=node.attrib.get('url')
> >          print url
>
> > i want to print the url depending on name="sprint_001".
>
>      for test_case in tree.findall('.//TestCase'):
>          if test_case.get('name') == 'sprint_002':
>             for input_el in test_case:
>                 print input_el.get('url')
>
> Stefan- Hide quoted text -
>
> - Show quoted text -

Great Help Stefan -
my regards to you
thankyou once again it waorks fine ...
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Re: url fetching from xml depending upon selection

[Stefan Behnel]

shanti bhushan, 18.05.2010 10:08:

On May 18, 12:04 pm, Stefan Behnel  wrote:

shanti bhushan, 18.05.2010 07:18:

>>> [...]



  http://first.co.jp"; />
  http://www.google.com"; />
  http://www.epaper.times.india.com"; />


  http://second.co.jp"; />
  http://www.google.com"; />
  http://www.epaper.times.india.com"; />


  http://third.co.jp"; />
  http://www.google.com"; />
  http://www.epaper.times.india.com"; />






This my python code
from xml.etree import ElementTree



with open('our.xml', 'rt') as f:
  tree = ElementTree.parse(f)



for node, value in tree.findall('.//TestCase/Input'):



  url=node.attrib.get('url')
  print url



i want to print the url depending on name="sprint_001".


  for test_case in tree.findall('.//TestCase'):
  if test_case.get('name') == 'sprint_002':
 for input_el in test_case:
 print input_el.get('url')


i tried your logic i am not getting any out put for this


Obviously, because the correct name value is 'Sprint_002', not 
'sprint_002'. Please ask back if you need help in understanding the code I 
posted.


Stefan

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Re: pickle unable to load collection

[paragk]

On May 18, 12:10 am, Peter Otten <__pete...@web.de> wrote:
> paragk wrote:
> > Hi,
>
> > I am unable to figure out the cause of python pickle unable to find
> > the collection module.
>
> > I am getting
>
> >     __import__(module)
> > ImportError: No module named collections
>
> > when I try to load a pickled object.
>
> > Details:
>
> > Python version:
>
> > Python 2.6 (r26:66721, Oct  2 2008, 11:35:03) [MSC v.1500 32 bit
> > (Intel)] on win32
>
> > [CODE]
>
> > import sys
> > import glob
> > import collections
> > import pickle
>
> > ...
>
> > SomeListDict = collections.defaultdict(list)
>
> > ... # Populate SomeListDict
>
> > DictFile = open (options.saveDict, 'w')
> > pickle.dump(SomeListDict , DictFile, -1)
> > DictFile.close()
>
> [...]
>
> > From the above analysis, clearly the collection module exists, since
> > the dump works.
>
> > What am I missing?
>
> You have to open the file in binary mode "wb".
>
> >>> import collections
> >>> import pickle
> >>> data = pickle.dumps(collections.defaultdict())
> >>> pickle.loads(data)
>
> defaultdict(None, {})
>
> Now simulate the effect of writing in text mode and reading in binary mode:
>
> >>> garbled_data = data.replace("\n", "\r\n")
> >>> pickle.loads(garbled_data)
>
> Traceback (most recent call last):
>   File "", line 1, in 
>   File "/usr/lib/python2.6/pickle.py", line 1374, in loads
>     return Unpickler(file).load()
>   File "/usr/lib/python2.6/pickle.py", line 858, in load
>     dispatch[key](self)
>   File "/usr/lib/python2.6/pickle.py", line 1090, in load_global
>     klass = self.find_class(module, name)
>   File "/usr/lib/python2.6/pickle.py", line 1124, in find_class
>     __import__(module)
> ImportError: No module named collections
>
> >>> try: pickle.loads(garbled_data)
>
> ... except ImportError as e:
> ...     e
> ...
> ImportError('No module named collections\r',)
>
> So as Steven suspected there was a whitespace char in the module name:
> pickle.load() was looking for the "collections\r" module.
>
> Peter

Thank you for the suggestions. Opening the file in 'wb' mode worked.

Thanks,
Parag
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Re: Picking a license

[Ed Keith]

--- On Sat, 5/15/10, Ben Finney  wrote:

> From: Ben Finney 
> Subject: Re: Picking a license
> To: python-list@python.org
> Date: Saturday, May 15, 2010, 12:57 AM
> a...@pythoncraft.com
> (Aahz) writes:
> 
> > You can't really sell Open Source software in any
> practical way;
> > someone will always undercut you once it's out in the
> wild. You can
> > only sell support for the software, which is entirely
> different.
> 
> Not at all. I've been selling all the software I write for
> clients for
> the past ten years, and it's all free software. It's been
> very practical
> for me and those I've worked with.
> 
> You can't sell free software like selling loaves of bread,
> but that's a
> much more limited case and a far cry from your claim.
> Selling free
> software is quite practical and a good way to fund
> development of
> software that otherwise wouldn't be written as free
> software.
> 
> -- 
>  \     “Why am I an atheist? I ask
> you: Why is anybody not an atheist? |
>   `\      Everyone starts out being an
> atheist.” —Andy Rooney, _Boston |
> _o__)             
>                
>                
>   Globe_ 1982-05-30 |
> Ben Finney
> -- 
> http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
> 

Why don't your own customers under cut you? If you sell someone GPLed 
software they have the right to redistribute it for less than you are 
distributing it for. That dose not strike me as a viable business model.

How do you make it work?

-EdK

Ed Keith
e_...@yahoo.com

Blog: edkeith.blogspot.com





  
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Re: Picking a license

[Ed Keith]

--- On Sat, 5/15/10, Duncan Booth  wrote:

> From: Duncan Booth 
> Subject: Re: Picking a license
> To: python-list@python.org
> Date: Saturday, May 15, 2010, 8:52 AM
> Ed Keith 
> wrote:
> 
> > I can not imagine anyone being stupid enough to pay me
> for rights to
> > use code I had already published under the Boost
> License, which grants
> > then the rights to do anything they want with it
> without paying me
> > anything. 
> >   -EdK
> > 
> Really?
> 
> The Boost License says, amongst other things:
> 
> > THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF
> ANY KIND,
> > EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE
> WARRANTIES OF
> > MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE,
> TITLE AND
> > NON-INFRINGEMENT. 
> 
> Are you sure you can't imagine anyone offering to pay you
> for an 
> alternative license that came with some kind of warranty or
> support?
> 
> -- 
> http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
> 

Would that be a license or a support contract?

-EdK

Ed Keith
e_...@yahoo.com

Blog: edkeith.blogspot.com





  
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Is there conversion method to convert pyunicodeobject to pybyteobject?

[MathanK]

Hi All,

A variable whose data type is PyUnicodeObject is to be assigned to varioable of 
PyBytesObject type 

example :

PyUnicodeObject *p = ...whatever...; 
function( (PyByteObject*p)); 

compiled and got a Bus Error.

Cheers,
Mathan
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Re: Picking a license

[Ed Keith]

--- On Sat, 5/15/10, Lawrence D'Oliveiro  
wrote:

> From: Lawrence D'Oliveiro 
> Subject: Re: Picking a license
> To: python-list@python.org
> Date: Saturday, May 15, 2010, 11:09 PM
> In message ,
> Ed Keith 
> wrote:
> 
> > But if my client give someone else a copy of the
> binary I gave them, they
> > are now in violation.
> 
> Why would they be in violation? It seems to me a violation
> would only occur 
> if someone asked them for the source, and they refused.
> -- 
> http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
> 

No, the GPL makes it clear that the responsibly is on the distributor to either 
supply the source or written notice, Caveat venditor. The violation exists 
regardless of whether or not the recipient makes a request.

   -EdK

Ed Keith
e_...@yahoo.com

Blog: edkeith.blogspot.com




  
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Re: Picking a license

[Ethan Furman]

Paul Boddie wrote:
As I said before, spare me the condescension. 


Spare us your self-righteous bull-crap.

Do you think we haven't seen your false accusations and made-up motives 
against Patrick Maupin?  If I cared more and/or had more time, I'd make 
a summary -- but quite frankly Pat has defended himself quite well, 
while being very reasonable, and has said at least twice (more, I'm 
sure) that the choice of license is up to the author, and that there are 
good reasons for choosing any of the free licenses (including the GPL).


~Ethan~
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Convert PyUnicodeObject to PyBytesObject in python3.x?

[gmail]

Hi All,

A variable whose data type is PyUnicodeObject needs to passed to a function as 
an argument whose data type should be PyBytesObject type 

example :

PyUnicodeObject *p = ...whatever...; 
function (PyByteObject* a); 

function((PyBytesObject *)p);

compiled and got a Bus Error.

Thanks for spending ur valuable time.
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Conversion method for PyUnicodeObject type to PyBytesObject type

[mathan kumar]

A variable whose data type is PyUnicodeObject needs to be passed to a
function as an argument whose data type should be PyBytesObject type

example :
function (PyByteObject* a){
.operations
}
PyUnicodeObject *p = somevalue;
function((PyBytesObject *)p);

ouptut: Got a Bus Error.
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Fw: Re: Re: joining files

[mannu jha]

Note: Forwarded message attached

-- Original Message --

From: "mannu jha"mannu_0...@rediffmail.com
To: tuomas.vesteri...@iki.fi
Subject: Re: Re: joining files--- Begin Message ---
> import os
> def merge_sources(sources):
>   # sources is a list of tuples (source_name, source_data)
>   data = []
>   keysets = []
>   for nme, sce in sources:
>lines = {}
>for line in sce.split(os.linesep):
> lst = line.split()
> lines[lst[0]] = (nme, lst)
>keysets.append(set(lines.keys()))
>data.append(lines)
>   common_keys = keysets[0]
>   for keys in keysets[1:]:
>common_keys = common_keys.intersection(keys)
>   result = {}
>   for key in common_keys:
>result[key] = dict(d[key] for d in data if key in d)
>   return result
> if __name__ == "__main__":
>   # Your test files here are replaced by local strings
>   print merge_sources([("file1", file1), ("file2", file2), ("file3",

> file3)])
>   print merge_sources([("input1", input1), ("input2", input2)])
> Test_results = '''
> {'22': {'file3': ['22', 'C'],
>'file2': ['22', '0'],
>'file1': ['22', '110.1', '33', '331.5', '22.7', '5', '271.9'
>  '17.2', '33.4']}}
> {'194': {'input2': ['194', 'C'],
>'input1': ['194', '8.00', '121.23', '54.79', '4.12',
>   '180.06']},
>  '175': {'input2': ['175', 'H', '176', 'H', '180', 'H'],
>'input1': ['175', '8.42', '120.50', '55.31', '4.04',
>   '180.33']},
>  '15': {'input2': ['15', 'H', '37', 'H', '95', 'T'],
>'input1': ['15', '8.45', '119.04', '55.02', '4.08',
>   '178.89']},
>  '187': {'input2': ['187', 'H', '190', 'T'],
>'input1': ['187', '7.79', '122.27', '54.37', '4.26',
>   '179.75']}}
> Dear Sir,

> I tried above program but with that it is showing error:
> nmru...@caf:~> python join1.py
> Traceback (most recent call last):
>  File "join1.py", line 24, in
>   print merge_sources([("file1", file1), ("file2", file2), ("file3",file3)])
> NameError: name 'file1' is not defined
> nmru...@caf:~
Add test data to the code as:
file1 = '''22 110.1 33 331.5 22.7 5 271.9 17.2 33.4
4 55.1'''
Thankyou very much sir it is working..Thankyou once again for your kind 
help. 

only one problem I am now facing i.e. when I tried to replace test data with 
filename 1.e.
file1 = open("input11.txt")
file2 = open("output22.txt")
print merge_sources([("file1", file1), ("file2", file2)])
then it is showing error 

ph08...@linux-af0n:~> python new.py
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "new.py", line 25, in 
print merge_sources([("file1", file1), ("file2", file2)])
  File "new.py", line 9, in merge_sources
for line in sce.split(os.linesep):
AttributeError: 'file' object has no attribute 'split'
ph08...@linux-af0n:~> 

where my input11.txt is:
'''187 7.79 122.27 54.37 4.26 179.75
194 8.00 121.23 54.79 4.12 180.06
15 8.45 119.04 55.02 4.08 178.89
176 7.78 118.68 54.57 4.20 181.06
180 7.50 119.21 53.93 179.80
190 7.58 120.44 54.62 4.25 180.02
152 8.39 120.63 55.10 4.15 179.10
154 7.79 119.62 54.47 4.22 180.46
175 8.42 120.50 55.31 4.04 180.33'''

and output22.txt is:
'''15 H
37 H
95 T
124 H
130 H
152 H
154 H
158 H
164 H
175 H
176 H
180 H
187 H
190 T
194 C'''

since my files are very big hence i want to give filename as input.





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python and GNU plot

[Sandy Ydnas]

 

pls pls help how to use Gnuplot 

 

Gnuplot runs from Python under Vista

 

downloaded  Gnuplot, but what they suggest only Run wgnuplot.exe

 

Thank you very much in advance!!!

 

Sandy
  
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subprocess and gvfs-mount

[Samuel Bancal]

Hi,

I'm coding a script that does some automates for my users ... including
mounting a smb share.

Because we are using Gnome, I choosed to use gvfs-mount, which is quite
similar to "Places > Connect to Server > ..."

Now my script does :
print "*** Mounting the FILER ..."
cmd = "/usr/bin/gvfs-mount smb://%s\;%...@myfiler.domain.ch/data/%s" %
(my_domain, my_user_name, my_user_name)
try:
retCode = subprocess.call(cmd, shell=True)
except KeyboardInterrupt, e:
sys.stderr.write("Interrupted by ctrl-c. Exiting\n")
sys.exit(1)
if retCode != 0:
sys.stderr.write("Error while mounting : %s\n" % retCode)

I have two major problems with this code :
- In case of "ctr-c" while the password is asked to the user, I get a
Terminal in which the output from keyboard is inhibited... (like while
typing password)
- When the user runs this script by "double-click > Run" (not "Run in
terminal") ... there is no interaction with the user.

I also did some try with subprocess.Popen ... with no success yet...

Thanks for any comment or suggestion!

Regards,
Samuel Bancal

ps : Or anyone knows how to get that gvfs-mount in GUI mode... Could see
nautilus-connect-server ... but couldn't find any options.

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Re: Re: joining files

[mannu jha]

On Mon, 17 May 2010 23:57:18 +0530  wrote
>Try:
file = open("input11.txt")
file1 = file.read() # file1 is a string
file.close()
or
file1 = open("input11.txt") # file1 is an open file object
and replace lines:
 for line in sce.split(os.linesep):
   lst = line.split()
   lines[lst[0]] = (nme, lst)
with lines:
 for line in sce:
   lst = line.split()
   lines[lst[0]] = (nme, lst)
 sce.close()


Thankyou very much sir it has worked. Thankyou once again.
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Re: Global variables for python applications

[Duncan Booth]

Steven D'Aprano  wrote:

> I think it is an abuse of the term constant to allow you to talk about a 
> mutable object being "constant", since it can vary. Generally, you don't 
> care about identity, only equality. Making up a syntax on the spot:
> 
> constant pi = [3.1415]
> assert pi = 3.1415
> pi[0] = 3
> assert pi = 3.1415
> 
> makes a mockery of the concept of a constant.

A better keyword might be something like 'alias' to imply that the name and 
value are interchangeable.

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Re: Is this an ok thing to do in a class

[Simon Brunning]

On 18 May 2010 06:21:32 UTC+1, Vincent Davis  wrote:
>
> Just wondering if there is a problem with mixing a dictionary into a class 
> like this. Everything seems to work as I would expect.

No problem at all AFAIC.

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max time wait for a function

[pacopyc]

Hi, I've a question for you. I'd like to call a function and waiting
its return value for a time max (30 sec).
The function could not respond and then I must avoid to wait for
infinite time. OS is Windows XP.
Can you help me?

Thank
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Re: max time wait for a function

[Albert Hopkins]

On Tue, 2010-05-18 at 02:45 -0700, pacopyc wrote:
> Hi, I've a question for you. I'd like to call a function and waiting
> its return value for a time max (30 sec).
> The function could not respond and then I must avoid to wait for
> infinite time. OS is Windows XP.
> Can you help me?
> 
> Thank

This is how I do it with a function decorator. I probably borrowed this
from someone and not attributed it.  Anyway, it works on Linux, not sure
about Windows:

def function_timeout(seconds):
"""Function decorator to raise a timeout on a function call"""
import signal
class FunctionTimeOut(Exception):
pass

def decorate(f):
def timeout(signum, frame):
raise FunctionTimeOut()

def funct(*args, **kwargs):
old = signal.signal(signal.SIGALRM, timeout)
signal.alarm(seconds)

try:
result = f(*args, **kwargs)
finally:
signal.signal(signal.SIGALRM, old)
signal.alarm(0)
return result

return funct

return decorate


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Re: Can't find _sqlite3.so in lib-dynload

[Kushal Kumaran]

On Tue, May 18, 2010 at 5:38 AM, Peng Yu  wrote:
> On May 17, 6:38 pm, a...@pythoncraft.com (Aahz) wrote:
>> In article ,
>> Peng Yu   wrote:
>>
>>
>>
>> >I compiled python2.6.4 from source. But I can't find _sqlite3.so in
>> >the install directory. I thought that _sqlite3.so should be generated
>> >to the install directory.
>>
>> >Would you please let me know how to fix it?
>>
>> Only if you provide some relevant details.  Such as, what OS?
>>
>> http://www.mikeash.com/getting_answers.html
>
> ubuntu.

Did the build process give a message at the end listing out the
modules it couldn't build?  Was _sqlite3 in that list?

Do you have the sqlite3 dev package installed?  With ubuntu, that's
the libsqlite3-dev package.

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Re: subprocess and gvfs-mount

[Adam Tauno Williams]

On Mon, 2010-05-17 at 17:54 +0200, Samuel Bancal wrote:
> Hi,
> I'm coding a script that does some automates for my users ...
> including mounting a smb share.
> Because we are using Gnome, I choosed to use gvfs-mount, which is
> quite similar to "Places > Connect to Server > ..."=
> Now my script does :
> print "*** Mounting the FILER ..."
> cmd = "/usr/bin/gvfs-mount smb://%s\;%
> s...@myfiler.domain.ch/data/%s" % (my_domain, my_user_name, my_user_name)
> try:
> retCode = subprocess.call(cmd, shell=True)
> except KeyboardInterrupt, e:
> sys.stderr.write("Interrupted by ctrl-c. Exiting\n")
> sys.exit(1)
> if retCode != 0:
> sys.stderr.write("Error while mounting : %s\n" % retCode
> I have two major problems with this code :
> - In case of "ctr-c" while the password is asked to the user, I get a
> Terminal in which the output from keyboard is inhibited... (like while
> typing password)
> - When the user runs this script by "double-click > Run" (not "Run in
> terminal") ... there is no interaction with the user.

Which is normal [there is a run-in-terminal check box somewhere?].  If
your users are running it in GNOME then you should implement a GUI
(PyGTK) for the user interaction [prompting for the password].  Or
better use the GNOME keyring.



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Re: max time wait for a function

[Bryan]

pacopyc  wrote:
> I'd like to call a function and waiting
> its return value for a time max (30 sec).
> The function could not respond and then I must avoid to wait for
> infinite time. OS is Windows XP.

You can do that using the multiprocessing module, which is in the
standard library of Python 2.6 or better. It has certain limitations,
but works on XP.

The functions have to be defined at module scope, and the arguments
and return value must be pickleable. The way multiprocessing works on
Windows, it launches a new process which runs the Python interpreter
on the module again, and pickles the arguments to pipe them to the new
process.

Below is a simple working demo/test. The demo uses a timeout of 1
second, rather than the specified 30, to avoid excessive boringness.
In practice, timeout_function() would be recklessly inefficient for
controlling quick operations; it creates a new pool of processes for
each function call that it might need to time-out. That's fixable, but
the question here is about a 30-second-plus processing problem, and in
that kind of case the overhead of creating one or a few new processes
is lost in the noise.

-Bryan Olson

#

from multiprocessing import Pool, TimeoutError

def timeout_function(timeout, f, args=(), kwargs={}):
""" Return f(*args, **kwargs), or if that takes
to long raise multiprocessing.TimeoutError.
"""
pool = Pool(1)
return pool.apply_async(f, args, kwargs).get(timeout)


#--
# simple demo-test:

from random import random as rand
from time import sleep

def sillyfunc(sleeptime):
# Time-absorbing function for testing
sleep(sleeptime)
return 'Done.'

if __name__ == '__main__':
timeout = 1.0
print "Timeout is %f seconds" % timeout
trials = 100
ntimeouts = 0
for _ in range(trials):

# time-out probability a bit over 0.5
sleeptime = rand() * timeout * 2

try:
result = timeout_function(
timeout,
sillyfunc,
(sleeptime,))
assert result == 'Done.'
print 'Ran without timing out'

except TimeoutError:
ntimeouts += 1
print 'Timed out'
if sleeptime < timeout:
print '...Sucks! Slept %f' % sleeptime

print 'Timed out %d out of %d' % (ntimeouts, trials)

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Regular expression

[Back9]

 Hi,

I have a string like this:
0x340x5A0x9B0xBA
I want to extract 0x from the string but the first one.

How I can use re for this case?

The string size will vary.

TIA

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Re: Regular expression

[ilvecchio]

On May 18, 3:48 pm, Back9  wrote:
>  Hi,
>
> I have a string like this:
> 0x340x5A0x9B0xBA
> I want to extract 0x from the string but the first one.
>
> How I can use re for this case?
>
> The string size will vary.
>
> TIA

Maybe the easy way is something like this:

m = re.match('(0x)(.*)','0x340x5A0x9B0xBA')
m.groups()[1]

Terenzio
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Re: Regular expression

[Back9]

On May 18, 10:09 am, ilvecchio  wrote:
> On May 18, 3:48 pm, Back9  wrote:
>
> >  Hi,
>
> > I have a string like this:
> > 0x340x5A0x9B0xBA
> > I want to extract 0x from the string but the first one.
>
> > How I can use re for this case?
>
> > The string size will vary.
>
> > TIA
>
> Maybe the easy way is something like this:
>
> m = re.match('(0x)(.*)','0x340x5A0x9B0xBA')
> m.groups()[1]
>
> Terenzio

I mean the result should be like this:
0x345A9BBA
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Multi-Threading in Python

[Lou]

Can anyone tell me how easy it is to do multi-threading in Python?
This has probably been brought up already, so if it has, thanks anyway
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Re: Regular expression

[Jon Clements]

On 18 May, 15:32, Back9  wrote:
> On May 18, 10:09 am, ilvecchio  wrote:
>
>
>
> > On May 18, 3:48 pm, Back9  wrote:
>
> > >  Hi,
>
> > > I have a string like this:
> > > 0x340x5A0x9B0xBA
> > > I want to extract 0x from the string but the first one.
>
> > > How I can use re for this case?
>
> > > The string size will vary.
>
> > > TIA
>
> > Maybe the easy way is something like this:
>
> > m = re.match('(0x)(.*)','0x340x5A0x9B0xBA')
> > m.groups()[1]
>
> > Terenzio
>
> I mean the result should be like this:
> 0x345A9BBA

Something like: re.sub(r'\B(0x)', '', s)


hth, Jon.

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Re: Regular expression

[J. Cliff Dyer]

Don't use regular expressions for that.

s = '0x340x5A0x9B0xBA'
return '0x' + ''.join(s.split('0x'))

On Tue, 2010-05-18 at 06:48 -0700, Back9 wrote:
> Hi,
> 
> I have a string like this:
> 0x340x5A0x9B0xBA
> I want to extract 0x from the string but the first one.
> 
> How I can use re for this case?
> 
> The string size will vary.
> 
> TIA
> 


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Re: Multi-Threading in Python

[Adam Tauno Williams]

On Tue, 2010-05-18 at 07:35 -0700, Lou wrote:
> Can anyone tell me how easy it is to do multi-threading in Python?

Very easy.  Or as easy as in any other platform - and as easy to screw
up.  Personally I prefer to use multiprocessing [which is a module that
'simulates' threads using separate processes].  IMO, it is hard to screw
up as you don't get any shared-state for free.

> This has probably been brought up already, so if it has, thanks anyway

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Re: Is this an ok thing to do in a class

[Bruno Desthuilliers]

Simon Brunning a écrit :

On 18 May 2010 06:21:32 UTC+1, Vincent Davis  wrote:

Just wondering if there is a problem with mixing a dictionary into a class like 
this. Everything seems to work as I would expect.


No problem at all AFAIC.


OP didn't show up on c.l.py, so too bad you snipped the relevant code 
snippet...

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Re: abc don't play well with private method

[Bruno Desthuilliers]

mouadino a écrit :

Hello
and thanx for your answer it's was very helpful

but just to clear some thinks :


There's no such thing as a "private" attribute in Python. The
name-mangling mechanism invoked by "__name" is really meant to avoid
accidental redefinition of the attribute in a derived class.



In this case, your attribute is expected to be redefined, so you
definitly don't want any name mangling here.


yes , but what i have supposed is that the name mangling will not be
applied when you use abc especially when you decorate the function
with abc.abstractmethod , because it's will(should) be redefined (so
something is wrong with the abc module) .


I agree this might be a bit inconsistant - or at least that your 
expectations were rather understandable. But well, that's how it is and 
you'll have to deal with it for at least a few years.


Now I bet the name_mangling mechanism is applied in such a way that 
implementing your expectations would be rather impractical or add way to 
much overhead. Specially when almost no one ever seem to find a use for 
this "feature". As far as I'm concerned, I think I didn't used it more 
half a dozen times, for some very deep implementation detail of some 
miniframework, and mostly because I'm a bit on the paranoid side.





Also and FWIW, the naming convention for "implementation attributes" is
a single leading underscore


sorry but i don't agree on this.


So you disagree with the established convention followed by (wild guess) 
about 99.99% of the regulars here and applied in most of the existing 
python code base.





the two underscore (__) are used in
classes level for defining private method in the python way,


The __names are used to invoke name mangling on the attribute (whatever 
type it is). It doesn't make it "private" - just a bit less subject to 
accidental override. And - I have ton insist on this - it applies to 
every attribute. FWIW, Python's "methods" are really not what you may 
think they are !-)



and the
one underscore (_) is used in the module level :


... to avoid export such named symbols in the case of a wildcard import 
AND if the module didn't defined an __ALL__ attribute.


The _names are used to denote implementation attribute - IOW, don't 
touch unless you're ready to pay the price.



"""Prepending a single underscore (_) has some support for protecting
module variables and functions (not included with import * from).
Prepending a double underscore (__) to an instance variable or method
effectively serves to make the variable or method private to its class
(using name mangling). """
src:http://google-styleguide.googlecode.com/svn/trunk/pyguide.html


This is at best badly formulated and really needs a rewrite.

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RE: Multi-Threading in Python

[Sandy Ydnas]

 great

can help to find some examples of multiprocessing 

Sandy
> Subject: Re: Multi-Threading in Python
> From: awill...@whitemice.org
> To: python-list@python.org
> Date: Tue, 18 May 2010 10:45:11 -0400
> 
> On Tue, 2010-05-18 at 07:35 -0700, Lou wrote:
> > Can anyone tell me how easy it is to do multi-threading in Python?
> 
> Very easy. Or as easy as in any other platform - and as easy to screw
> up. Personally I prefer to use multiprocessing [which is a module that
> 'simulates' threads using separate processes]. IMO, it is hard to screw
> up as you don't get any shared-state for free.
> 
> > This has probably been brought up already, so if it has, thanks anyway
> 
> -- 
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> 
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> 
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Getting System error with PyModule_AddIntConstant funtion

[MathanK]

Following is a Python C api which runs properly without PyModule_AddIntConstant 
function. 


But when PyModule_AddIntConstant() function is used, getting the following 
error when i call 
c. path("test call");
" SystemError: NULL result without error in PyObject_Call "


Python C api- c.c


int test(int a){
 return (2*a+a);
 }
 

 PyObject* dict = NULL;
 

 static PyObject* path(PyObject* self, PyObject* args) {
 char *cpath;
 PyUnicodeObject *path;
 PyUnicodeObject *test; 
 

 if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args, "s", &path))
return NULL; 
 cpath = (char *)path; 
 test = (PyUnicodeObject*)(cpath); 
 PyObject *testDict = PyDict_New();
 int testVal = PyDict_SetItem(testDict, (PyObject 
*)PyUnicode_FromString(cpath), (PyObject *)PyUnicode_FromString(cpath));
  
 return Py_BuildValue("s", test);
 }
 static PyObject* c(PyObject* self, PyObject* args) {
 
 int a;
 int result;
if(!PyArg_ParseTuple(args, "i", &a))
 return NULL;
 result = test(a);
 return Py_BuildValue("i", result);
  
 }
 

 static PyMethodDef cmethods[] = {
 {"c", c, METH_VARARGS, "watch"},
 {"path", path, METH_VARARGS, "test"},
 {NULL, NULL, 0, NULL},
 };
 

 static struct PyModuleDef c_Module = {
 PyModuleDef_HEAD_INIT,
 "c",
 (
   "Interface."
 ),
 -1,
 cmethods
 };
 

 PyMODINIT_FUNC PyInit_c(void) {
  
 PyObject* obj = PyModule_Create(&c_Module);
 long lon1 = 0;
 PyModule_AddIntConstant(obj, "test", lon1);
 
 }
 

 int main(int argc, wchar_t *argv[])
 {
 PyImport_AppendInittab("c", PyInit_c);
 Py_SetProgramName(argv[0]);
 Py_Initialize();
 PyImport_ImportModule("c");
 return 0;
 }
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Re: Getting System error with PyModule_AddIntConstant funtion

[Philip Semanchuk]

On May 18, 2010, at 11:41 AM, MathanK wrote:

Following is a Python C api which runs properly without  
PyModule_AddIntConstant function.



But when PyModule_AddIntConstant() function is used, getting the  
following error when i call

c. path("test call");
" SystemError: NULL result without error in PyObject_Call "


Hi Mathan,
You're not checking the return code from PyModule_Create(). Is it  
returning NULL?


Also, there's a list specific to Python's C API. You might get a  
better response to your question there:

http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/capi-sig


bye
Philip





Python C api- c.c


int test(int a){
return (2*a+a);
}


PyObject* dict = NULL;


static PyObject* path(PyObject* self, PyObject* args) {
char *cpath;
PyUnicodeObject *path;
PyUnicodeObject *test;


if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args, "s", &path))
   return NULL;
cpath = (char *)path;
test = (PyUnicodeObject*)(cpath);
PyObject *testDict = PyDict_New();
int testVal = PyDict_SetItem(testDict, (PyObject  
*)PyUnicode_FromString(cpath), (PyObject  
*)PyUnicode_FromString(cpath));


return Py_BuildValue("s", test);
}
static PyObject* c(PyObject* self, PyObject* args) {

int a;
int result;
   if(!PyArg_ParseTuple(args, "i", &a))
return NULL;
result = test(a);
return Py_BuildValue("i", result);

}


static PyMethodDef cmethods[] = {
{"c", c, METH_VARARGS, "watch"},
{"path", path, METH_VARARGS, "test"},
{NULL, NULL, 0, NULL},
};


static struct PyModuleDef c_Module = {
PyModuleDef_HEAD_INIT,
"c",
(
  "Interface."
),
-1,
cmethods
};


PyMODINIT_FUNC PyInit_c(void) {

PyObject* obj = PyModule_Create(&c_Module);
long lon1 = 0;
PyModule_AddIntConstant(obj, "test", lon1);

}


int main(int argc, wchar_t *argv[])
{
PyImport_AppendInittab("c", PyInit_c);
Py_SetProgramName(argv[0]);
Py_Initialize();
PyImport_ImportModule("c");
return 0;
}
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Re: getting attributes and methods of class without creating object

[Terry Reedy]

On 5/18/2010 2:11 AM, shuvro wrote:

to know the attributes of an instance of a class without
actually creating that instance is very difficult.



Is it not possible with the existing python facilities (without adding
external libraries) ?


To know what a function would do if you were to call it, without 
actually calling it, look at the function code with the dis (assembler) 
module.


#3.1
>>> import dis
>>> class C:
def __init__(self, a): self.a = a

>>> dis.dis(C.__init__)
  2   0 LOAD_FAST1 (a)
  3 LOAD_FAST0 (self)
  6 STORE_ATTR   0 (a)
  9 LOAD_CONST   0 (None)
 12 RETURN_VALUE

If you read the doc, or know assembler, you would see that the instance 
gets attribute a. Use dir(C) to find all the methods to disassemble.


Terry Jan Reedy

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Re: Picking a license

[Robert Kern]

On 2010-05-16 09:25 , Ed Keith wrote:


--- On Sat, 5/15/10, Lawrence D'Oliveiro  
wrote:


From: Lawrence D'Oliveiro
Subject: Re: Picking a license
To: python-list@python.org
Date: Saturday, May 15, 2010, 11:09 PM
In message,
Ed Keith
wrote:


But if my client give someone else a copy of the

binary I gave them, they

are now in violation.


Why would they be in violation? It seems to me a violation
would only occur
if someone asked them for the source, and they refused.
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No, the GPL makes it clear that the responsibly is on the distributor to either 
supply the source or written notice, Caveat venditor. The violation exists 
regardless of whether or not the recipient makes a request.


No, one of the options for you is that you make the source available upon 
request.

--
Robert Kern

"I have come to believe that the whole world is an enigma, a harmless enigma
 that is made terrible by our own mad attempt to interpret it as though it had
 an underlying truth."
  -- Umberto Eco

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Re: Multi-Threading in Python

[geremy condra]

On Tue, May 18, 2010 at 7:35 AM, Lou  wrote:
> Can anyone tell me how easy it is to do multi-threading in Python?
> This has probably been brought up already, so if it has, thanks anyway
> --
> http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list

It's very easy, but it's probably best to use multiple processes to take
advantage of multiple cores. Take a look at the threading and
multiprocessing modules.

Geremy Condra
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Discover PyH

[bluesmanu]

Hi all,

I would like to present my first python library : PyH.
PyH is a concise and powerful module that lets you build your HTML
pages like a GUI. Tags are objects that can be created, included and
modified at any time during your script.
Discover it at http://pyh.googlecode.com .
You can file bug reports and feature requests at https://launchpad.net/pyh
.

Cheers,

Emmanuel Turlay
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Re: Is there conversion method to convert pyunicodeobject to pybyteobject?

[Terry Reedy]

On 5/15/2010 10:50 AM, MathanK wrote:

This is the third time, at least, that you posted this, though the first 
time you asked a question. You have given no indication that you 
bothered to look in the manual before or between postings.



A variable whose data type is PyUnicodeObject is to be assigned to
varioable of PyBytesObject type

example :

PyUnicodeObject *p = ...whatever...;
function( (PyByteObject*p));


C casting is usually not conversion. It says "pretend that the data is 
another type, even though it is not." Only use it when you actually know 
what you are doing.



compiled and got a Bus Error.


In Python, b = p.encode('utf-8') or whatever encoding you want. Look in 
the C-API manual for the CPython function that actually does this.


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Re: max time wait for a function

[Terry Reedy]

On 5/18/2010 6:24 AM, Albert Hopkins wrote:

On Tue, 2010-05-18 at 02:45 -0700, pacopyc wrote:

Hi, I've a question for you. I'd like to call a function and waiting
its return value for a time max (30 sec).
The function could not respond and then I must avoid to wait for
infinite time. OS is Windows XP.
Can you help me?

Thank


This is how I do it with a function decorator. I probably borrowed this
from someone and not attributed it.  Anyway, it works on Linux, not sure
about Windows:

def function_timeout(seconds):
 """Function decorator to raise a timeout on a function call"""
 import signal
 class FunctionTimeOut(Exception):
 pass

 def decorate(f):
 def timeout(signum, frame):
 raise FunctionTimeOut()

 def funct(*args, **kwargs):
 old = signal.signal(signal.SIGALRM, timeout)
 signal.alarm(seconds)


from help(signal):
alarm() -- cause SIGALRM after a specified time [Unix only]

I do not know of any replacement in the stdlib, but one could check the 
code for multiprocessing to see how it does a timeout. Or check the 
pywin32 library

http://pypi.python.org/pypi/pywin32/210


 try:
 result = f(*args, **kwargs)
 finally:
 signal.signal(signal.SIGALRM, old)
 signal.alarm(0)
 return result

 return funct

 return decorate





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Re: Multi-Threading in Python

[Terry Reedy]

On 5/18/2010 11:29 AM, Sandy Ydnas wrote:


can help to find some examples of multiprocessing


Multiprocessing is designed to be api-compatible with threading.
Search the archives of this list/newsgroup for several examples.


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RE: Multi-Threading in Python

[Adam Tauno Williams]

On Tue, 2010-05-18 at 20:29 +0500, Sandy Ydnas wrote:
>  great
> can help to find some examples of multiprocessing 

There is the reasonably good documentation at:


I did a Multiprocessing presentation recently:


And I use multiprocessing in my project;  but less than previously as I
now use AMQ for the IPC and multiprocessing only for the process
management.

But an entire project is quite a bit to pick through.

> > Subject: Re: Multi-Threading in Python
> > From: awill...@whitemice.org
> > To: python-list@python.org
> > Date: Tue, 18 May 2010 10:45:11 -0400
> > 
> > On Tue, 2010-05-18 at 07:35 -0700, Lou wrote:
> > > Can anyone tell me how easy it is to do multi-threading in Python?
> > 
> > Very easy. Or as easy as in any other platform - and as easy to
> screw
> > up. Personally I prefer to use multiprocessing [which is a module
> that
> > 'simulates' threads using separate processes]. IMO, it is hard to
> screw
> > up as you don't get any shared-state for free.
> > 
> > > This has probably been brought up already, so if it has, thanks
> anyway
> > 
> > -- 
> > Adam Tauno Williams  LPIC-1, Novell CLA
> > 
> > OpenGroupware, Cyrus IMAPd, Postfix, OpenLDAP, Samba
> > 
> > -- 
> > http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
> 
> 
> __
> Hotmail: Free, trusted and rich email service. Get it now.


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Re: Picking a license

[Ed Keith]

--- On Tue, 5/18/10, Robert Kern  wrote:

> From: Robert Kern 
> Subject: Re: Picking a license
> To: python-list@python.org
> Date: Tuesday, May 18, 2010, 12:03 PM
> On 2010-05-16 09:25 , Ed Keith
> wrote:
> >
> > --- On Sat, 5/15/10, Lawrence D'Oliveiro 
> wrote:
> >
> >> From: Lawrence D'Oliveiro
> >> Subject: Re: Picking a license
> >> To: python-list@python.org
> >> Date: Saturday, May 15, 2010, 11:09 PM
> >> In message,
> >> Ed Keith
> >> wrote:
> >>
> >>> But if my client give someone else a copy of
> the
> >> binary I gave them, they
> >>> are now in violation.
> >>
> >> Why would they be in violation? It seems to me a
> violation
> >> would only occur
> >> if someone asked them for the source, and they
> refused.
> >> --
> >> http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
> >>
> >
> > No, the GPL makes it clear that the responsibly is on
> the distributor to either supply the source or written
> notice, Caveat venditor. The violation exists regardless of
> whether or not the recipient makes a request.
> 
> No, one of the options for you is that you make the source
> available upon request.
> 

But I am required to give written notice to that effect.

   -EdK

Ed Keith
e_...@yahoo.com

Blog: edkeith.blogspot.com



  
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Re: pickle unable to load collection

[Terry Reedy]

On 5/18/2010 3:10 AM, Peter Otten wrote:

Now simulate the effect of writing in text mode and reading in binary mode:


>>>  garbled_data = data.replace("\n", "\r\n")
>>>  pickle.loads(garbled_data)

Traceback (most recent call last):

...

ImportError: No module named collections


>>>  try: pickle.loads(garbled_data)

... except ImportError as e:
... e
...
ImportError('No module named collections\r',)


Nice catch, Peter. I filed a request that the message quote the name it 
cannot import, so that the OP would have seen the more informative


ImportError: No module named 'collections\r'

http://bugs.python.org/issue8754

Terry Jan Reedy


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RE: Multi-Threading in Python

[Sandy Ydnas]

good 

thanks a lot

Sandy
 
> Subject: RE: Multi-Threading in Python
> From: awill...@whitemice.org
> To: python-list@python.org
> Date: Tue, 18 May 2010 12:45:37 -0400
> 
> On Tue, 2010-05-18 at 20:29 +0500, Sandy Ydnas wrote:
> > great
> > can help to find some examples of multiprocessing 
> 
> There is the reasonably good documentation at:
> 
> 
> I did a Multiprocessing presentation recently:
> 
> 
> And I use multiprocessing in my project; but less than previously as I
> now use AMQ for the IPC and multiprocessing only for the process
> management.
> 
> But an entire project is quite a bit to pick through.
> 
> > > Subject: Re: Multi-Threading in Python
> > > From: awill...@whitemice.org
> > > To: python-list@python.org
> > > Date: Tue, 18 May 2010 10:45:11 -0400
> > > 
> > > On Tue, 2010-05-18 at 07:35 -0700, Lou wrote:
> > > > Can anyone tell me how easy it is to do multi-threading in Python?
> > > 
> > > Very easy. Or as easy as in any other platform - and as easy to
> > screw
> > > up. Personally I prefer to use multiprocessing [which is a module
> > that
> > > 'simulates' threads using separate processes]. IMO, it is hard to
> > screw
> > > up as you don't get any shared-state for free.
> > > 
> > > > This has probably been brought up already, so if it has, thanks
> > anyway
> > > 
> > > -- 
> > > Adam Tauno Williams  LPIC-1, Novell CLA
> > > 
> > > OpenGroupware, Cyrus IMAPd, Postfix, OpenLDAP, Samba
> > > 
> > > -- 
> > > http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
> > 
> > 
> > __
> > Hotmail: Free, trusted and rich email service. Get it now.
> 
> 
> -- 
> http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
  
_
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Re: Regular expression

[Terry Reedy]

On 5/18/2010 10:40 AM, J. Cliff Dyer wrote:

Don't use regular expressions for that.

s = '0x340x5A0x9B0xBA'
return '0x' + ''.join(s.split('0x'))


or
>>> '0x'+s[2:].replace('0x','')
'0x345A9BBA'

Take your pick, you should learn and understand both.


On Tue, 2010-05-18 at 06:48 -0700, Back9 wrote:

Hi,

I have a string like this:
0x340x5A0x9B0xBA
I want to extract 0x from the string but the first one.

How I can use re for this case?

The string size will vary.

TIA







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Re: Picking a license

[Patrick Maupin]

On May 18, 11:03 am, Robert Kern  wrote:
> On 2010-05-16 09:25 , Ed Keith wrote:
> > No, the GPL makes it clear that the responsibly is on the distributor to 
> > either supply the source or written notice, Caveat venditor. The violation 
> > exists regardless of whether or not the recipient makes a request.
>
> No, one of the options for you is that you make the source available upon 
> request.

Do you have a citation for that?  My reading, of both GPL v2 section 3
and GPL v3 section 6, is that someone distributing GPL licensed object
must do one of the following:

- supply the source with the object
- supply a written offer for source with the object
- supply a copy of someone else's written offer for source with the
object (only allowed sometimes)
- Perhaps verbally communicate an offer (GPL v2 only, very liberal
reading of 3c, but even then the communication must "accompany" the
object distribution).
- supply object by "offering access from a designated place" as long
as you "offer equivalent access to the Corresponding Source in the
same way through the same place" or "you maintain clear directions
next to the object code saying where to find the Corresponding
Source".

That last one effectively has "written offer" defined in a slightly
different way ("maintain clear directions"), and also might allow you
to just have a pile of source DVDs adjacent to a pile of object CDs
with no explicit written offer, but I honestly can't see how even that
can be stretched to cover just handing somebody an object CD without
even mentioning that source is available, and then only later giving
them source if they explicitly ask for it.

Sure, if you give somebody source after they ask for it, you have
probably "cured" any violation, but I think the very act of handing
someone an object CD without source or a written offer of source would
put you in violation of the license at the time you give them the
object CD.  It may be that saying "oh, by the way, source code's
available if you want it" would suffice in some cases under GPL v2,
but it doesn't look like that would work at all for GPL v3.

Regards,
Pat
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Re: Getting System error with PyModule_AddIntConstant funtion

[MathanK]

I checked for Null also. But No change in the result. Still getting the system 
error.
But when i m calling only c.c(5) function and not calling c.path("hi python c 
api") function, i m getting proper output without any system error.
Any clue? 
 
 Subject: Re: Getting System error with PyModule_AddIntConstant funtion
 From: Philip Semanchuk 
 Date: Tue, 18 May 2010 11:50:46 -0400
 To: "python-list (General)" 
 
 - Contents -
 
 
 On May 18, 2010, at 11:41 AM, MathanK wrote: 
 
 > Following is a Python C api which runs properly without 
 > PyModule_AddIntConstant function. 
 > 
 > 
 > But when PyModule_AddIntConstant() function is used, getting the 
 > following error when i call 
 > c. path("test call"); 
 > " SystemError: NULL result without error in PyObject_Call " 
 
 Hi Mathan, 
 You're not checking the return code from PyModule_Create(). Is it 
 returning NULL? 
 
 Also, there's a list specific to Python's C API. You might get a 
 better response to your question there: 
 http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/capi-sig 
 
 
 bye 
 Philip 
 
 
 > 
 > 
 > Python C api- c.c 
 > 
 > 
 > int test(int a){ 
 > return (2*a+a); 
 > } 
 > 
 > 
 > PyObject* dict = NULL; 
 > 
 > 
 > static PyObject* path(PyObject* self, PyObject* args) { 
 > char *cpath; 
 > PyUnicodeObject *path; 
 > PyUnicodeObject *test; 
 > 
 > 
 > if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args, "s", &path)) 
 > return NULL; 
 > cpath = (char *)path; 
 > test = (PyUnicodeObject*)(cpath); 
 > PyObject *testDict = PyDict_New(); 
 > int testVal = PyDict_SetItem(testDict, (PyObject 
 > *)PyUnicode_FromString(cpath), (PyObject 
 > *)PyUnicode_FromString(cpath)); 
 > 
 > return Py_BuildValue("s", test); 
 > } 
 > static PyObject* c(PyObject* self, PyObject* args) { 
 > 
 > int a; 
 > int result; 
 > if(!PyArg_ParseTuple(args, "i", &a)) 
 > return NULL; 
 > result = test(a); 
 > return Py_BuildValue("i", result); 
 > 
 > } 
 > 
 > 
 > static PyMethodDef cmethods[] = { 
 > {"c", c, METH_VARARGS, "watch"}, 
 > {"path", path, METH_VARARGS, "test"}, 
 > {NULL, NULL, 0, NULL}, 
 > }; 
 > 
 > 
 > static struct PyModuleDef c_Module = { 
 > PyModuleDef_HEAD_INIT, 
 > "c", 
 > ( 
 > "Interface." 
 > ), 
 > -1, 
 > cmethods 
 > }; 
 > 
 > 
 > PyMODINIT_FUNC PyInit_c(void) { 
 > 
 > PyObject* obj = PyModule_Create(&c_Module); 
 > long lon1 = 0; 
 > PyModule_AddIntConstant(obj, "test", lon1); 
 > 
 > } 
 > 
 > 
 > int main(int argc, wchar_t *argv[]) 
 > { 
 > PyImport_AppendInittab("c", PyInit_c); 
 > Py_SetProgramName(argv[0]); 
 > Py_Initialize(); 
 > PyImport_ImportModule("c"); 
 > return 0; 
 > }
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recall function definition from shell

[superpollo]

>>> def myfun():
... return "WOW"
...
>>> myfun()
'WOW'
>>>

now, i would like to "list" the funcion definition, something like this:

>>> myfun.somethinglikethis()
def myfun():
return "WOW"
>>>

is there something like this around?

bye
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upgrade python

[packet]

Would it be safe to upgrade from python 2.6.4 to 2.6.5 without hurting 
the 2.6.4?



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Re: recall function definition from shell

[Patrick Maupin]

On May 18, 12:31 pm, superpollo  wrote:
>  >>> def myfun():
> ...     return "WOW"
> ...
>  >>> myfun()
> 'WOW'
>  >>>
>
> now, i would like to "list" the funcion definition, something like this:
>
>  >>> myfun.somethinglikethis()
> def myfun():
>      return "WOW"
>  >>>
>
> is there something like this around?
>
> bye

Sure, just give it a docstring and then you can call help on it:

>>> def myfun():
... ''' myfun returns "WOW" when called.
... This is just a Python __doc__ string
... '''
... return "WOW"
...
>>> help(myfun)

Regards,
Pat
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Re: recall function definition from shell

[superpollo]

Patrick Maupin ha scritto:

On May 18, 12:31 pm, superpollo  wrote:

 >>> def myfun():
... return "WOW"
...
 >>> myfun()
'WOW'
 >>>

now, i would like to "list" the funcion definition, something like this:

 >>> myfun.somethinglikethis()
def myfun():
 return "WOW"
 >>>

is there something like this around?

bye


Sure, just give it a docstring and then you can call help on it:


def myfun():

... ''' myfun returns "WOW" when called.
... This is just a Python __doc__ string
... '''
... return "WOW"
...

help(myfun)


Regards,
Pat


mmm... thanks but not quite what i meant :-(

bye

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Re: recall function definition from shell

[Patrick Maupin]

On May 18, 1:41 pm, superpollo  wrote:
> Patrick Maupin ha scritto:
>
>
>
> > On May 18, 12:31 pm, superpollo  wrote:
> >>  >>> def myfun():
> >> ...     return "WOW"
> >> ...
> >>  >>> myfun()
> >> 'WOW'
>
> >> now, i would like to "list" the funcion definition, something like this:
>
> >>  >>> myfun.somethinglikethis()
> >> def myfun():
> >>      return "WOW"
>
> >> is there something like this around?
>
> >> bye
>
> > Sure, just give it a docstring and then you can call help on it:
>
>  def myfun():
> > ...     ''' myfun returns "WOW" when called.
> > ...         This is just a Python __doc__ string
> > ...     '''
> > ...     return "WOW"
> > ...
>  help(myfun)
>
> > Regards,
> > Pat
>
> mmm... thanks but not quite what i meant :-(
>
> bye

Well, I don't think Python remembers exactly how you typed it in, but
you can always ask Python for what it remembers about the function:

>>> def myfun():
... return "WOW"
...
>>> import dis
>>> dis.dis(myfun)
  2   0 LOAD_CONST   1 ('WOW')
  3 RETURN_VALUE


The inspect module is useful, as well.  But AFAIK Python doesn't
"remember" the source code for stuff you typed in.  (For functions in
imported modules, there is sufficient information remembered for
tracebacks to allow you to print out the lines of a function.)

Regards,
Pat
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Re: recall function definition from shell

[superpollo]

Patrick Maupin ha scritto:

On May 18, 1:41 pm, superpollo  wrote:

Patrick Maupin ha scritto:




On May 18, 12:31 pm, superpollo  wrote:

 >>> def myfun():
... return "WOW"
...
 >>> myfun()
'WOW'
now, i would like to "list" the funcion definition, something like this:
 >>> myfun.somethinglikethis()
def myfun():
 return "WOW"
is there something like this around?
bye

Sure, just give it a docstring and then you can call help on it:

def myfun():

... ''' myfun returns "WOW" when called.
... This is just a Python __doc__ string
... '''
... return "WOW"
...

help(myfun)

Regards,
Pat

mmm... thanks but not quite what i meant :-(

bye


Well, I don't think Python remembers exactly how you typed it in


yes python does not, but maybe the *shell* does, or so i thought. i just 
wanted to dump the code for the function in a file, after i tested in 
the shell...



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Re: recall function definition from shell

[Peter Otten]

superpollo wrote:

> Patrick Maupin ha scritto:
>> On May 18, 1:41 pm, superpollo  wrote:
>>> Patrick Maupin ha scritto:
>>>
>>>
>>>
 On May 18, 12:31 pm, superpollo  wrote:
>  >>> def myfun():
> ... return "WOW"
> ...
>  >>> myfun()
> 'WOW'
> now, i would like to "list" the funcion definition, something like
> this:
>  >>> myfun.somethinglikethis()
> def myfun():
>  return "WOW"
> is there something like this around?
> bye
 Sure, just give it a docstring and then you can call help on it:
>>> def myfun():
 ... ''' myfun returns "WOW" when called.
 ... This is just a Python __doc__ string
 ... '''
 ... return "WOW"
 ...
>>> help(myfun)
 Regards,
 Pat
>>> mmm... thanks but not quite what i meant :-(
>>>
>>> bye
>> 
>> Well, I don't think Python remembers exactly how you typed it in
> 
> yes python does not, but maybe the *shell* does, or so i thought. i just
> wanted to dump the code for the function in a file, after i tested in
> the shell...

You could try ipython:

$ ipython
Python 2.6.4 (r264:75706, Dec  7 2009, 18:43:55)
Type "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.

IPython 0.10 -- An enhanced Interactive Python.
? -> Introduction and overview of IPython's features.
%quickref -> Quick reference.
help  -> Python's own help system.
object?   -> Details about 'object'. ?object also works, ?? prints more.

In [1]: def f():
   ...: return 42
   ...:

In [2]: f()
Out[2]: 42

In [3]: %save tmp.py 1
The following commands were written to file `tmp.py`:
def f():
return 42


In [4]:
Do you really want to exit ([y]/n)?
$ cat tmp.py
def f():
return 42
$

Peter
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Re: pickle unable to load collection

[Peter Otten]

Terry Reedy wrote:

> Nice catch, Peter. I filed a request that the message quote the name it
> cannot import, so that the OP would have seen the more informative
> 
> ImportError: No module named 'collections\r'
> 
> http://bugs.python.org/issue8754

Good idea; thank you for taking the initiative.

Peter
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Re: recall function definition from shell

[superpollo]

Peter Otten ha scritto:

superpollo wrote:


Patrick Maupin ha scritto:

On May 18, 1:41 pm, superpollo  wrote:

Patrick Maupin ha scritto:




On May 18, 12:31 pm, superpollo  wrote:

 >>> def myfun():
... return "WOW"
...
 >>> myfun()
'WOW'
now, i would like to "list" the funcion definition, something like
this:
 >>> myfun.somethinglikethis()
def myfun():
 return "WOW"
is there something like this around?
bye

Sure, just give it a docstring and then you can call help on it:

def myfun():

... ''' myfun returns "WOW" when called.
... This is just a Python __doc__ string
... '''
... return "WOW"
...

help(myfun)

Regards,
Pat

mmm... thanks but not quite what i meant :-(

bye

Well, I don't think Python remembers exactly how you typed it in

yes python does not, but maybe the *shell* does, or so i thought. i just
wanted to dump the code for the function in a file, after i tested in
the shell...


You could try ipython:

$ ipython
Python 2.6.4 (r264:75706, Dec  7 2009, 18:43:55)
Type "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.

IPython 0.10 -- An enhanced Interactive Python.
? -> Introduction and overview of IPython's features.
%quickref -> Quick reference.
help  -> Python's own help system.
object?   -> Details about 'object'. ?object also works, ?? prints more.

In [1]: def f():
   ...: return 42
   ...:

In [2]: f()
Out[2]: 42

In [3]: %save tmp.py 1
The following commands were written to file `tmp.py`:
def f():
return 42


In [4]:
Do you really want to exit ([y]/n)?
$ cat tmp.py
def f():
return 42
$

Peter




hey great! thanks a lot!

best regards

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Re: recall function definition from shell

[Ethan Furman]

superpollo wrote:

Patrick Maupin ha scritto:

On May 18, 1:41 pm, superpollo  wrote:

Patrick Maupin ha scritto:




On May 18, 12:31 pm, superpollo  wrote:

 >>> def myfun():
... return "WOW"
...
 >>> myfun()
'WOW'
now, i would like to "list" the funcion definition, something like 
this:

 >>> myfun.somethinglikethis()
def myfun():
 return "WOW"
is there something like this around?
bye

Sure, just give it a docstring and then you can call help on it:

def myfun():

... ''' myfun returns "WOW" when called.
... This is just a Python __doc__ string
... '''
... return "WOW"
...

help(myfun)

Regards,
Pat

mmm... thanks but not quite what i meant :-(

bye


Well, I don't think Python remembers exactly how you typed it in


yes python does not, but maybe the *shell* does, or so i thought. i just 
wanted to dump the code for the function in a file, after i tested in 
the shell...


Take a look at ipython -- it has many enhancements: ipython.scipy.org

~Ethan~
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Re: recall function definition from shell

[René 'Necoro' Neumann]

Am 18.05.2010 20:55, schrieb superpollo:
> 
> yes python does not, but maybe the *shell* does, or so i thought. i just
> wanted to dump the code for the function in a file, after i tested in
> the shell...

You might want to have a look at the IPython shell [1]. I personally do
not use it myself, but I thought to remember that it had some feature
like this (perhaps not dump _one function_, but all the input, which you
then only need to cleanup).

A quick glance revealed f.ex. the history and edit functionality [2] --
a bit more digging might really show up the thing you are looking for.

- René

[1] http://ipython.scipy.org/
[2]
http://ipython.scipy.org/doc/manual/html/interactive/tutorial.html#source-code-handling-tips




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Re: Picking a license

[Ethan Furman]

Ben Finney wrote:

a...@pythoncraft.com (Aahz) writes:


Ben Finney   wrote:

[It is impractical to] sell free software like selling loaves of
bread, but that's a much more limited case and a far cry from your
claim [that it's impractical to sell free software]. Selling free
software is quite practical and a good way to fund development of
software that otherwise wouldn't be written as free software.

From my POV, if you're not selling COTS, you're really selling support
and consulting services, because that's what keeps your competitors
from just picking up your software and reselling it for cheaper. BTDT.


This thread has revealed some staggering gulfs in concepts as held by
different people. For example, I don't think it's at all germane to the
definition of “sell FOO” that “your competitors can pick up the FOO and
resell it cheaper”. Whether they can or not, that doesn't change that
fact that one is selling FOO.

Moreover, I don't try to prevent my competitors from reselling the
software (so long as they don't misrepresent who holds copyright or
further restrict the terms). That's part and parcel of the freedoms in
the software. Indeed, I find that helps the customers trust me more and
tend to come back when they want something else new; and my customers
are free to show others the solutions I've already implemented.

Thus is an ongoing business relationship crafted, including return
customers and referrals for new work. It really is practical to sell
free software.



This doesn't make sense to me, but I'm willing to learn -- how do you do 
this in practice?  Are you really selling the software, or rather 
selling things like setup, support, new code (or time to code), etc?


~Ethan~
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Re: Is this an ok thing to do in a class

[Vincent Davis]

Thanks for the feed back

Vincent

On Tue, May 18, 2010 at 8:50 AM, Bruno Desthuilliers
 wrote:

> Simon Brunning a écrit :
>
>> On 18 May 2010 06:21:32 UTC+1, Vincent Davis 
>> wrote:
>>
>>> Just wondering if there is a problem with mixing a dictionary into a
>>> class like this. Everything seems to work as I would expect.
>>>
>>
>> No problem at all AFAIC.
>>
>
> OP didn't show up on c.l.py, so too bad you snipped the relevant code
> snippet...
>
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>

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 my blog  |
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setting variables in pdb

[Art]

If I am in Pdb, I would like to set a temporary variable, for example:

(Pdb) r = 1

The 'r' gets interpreted as 'return' by Pdb.

Is there a Pdb instruction that guarantees the intended effect, like:

(Pdb) let r = 1

I can usually avoid using such variable names, but if I am changing
the value of a local variable, it is convenient to be able to make
sure that trying to change that variable doesn't unintentionally call
a Pdb routine.

Thanks,
Art.
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Re: Is this an ok thing to do in a class

[Ethan Furman]

Vincent Davis wrote:
Just wondering if there is a problem with mixing a dictionary into a 
class like this. Everything seems to work as I would expect.


class foo(object):
def __init__(self, x):
self.letter = dict(a=1,b=2,c=3)
self.A=self.letter['a']
self.x=self.letter[x]

 >>> afoo = foo('b')
 >>> afoo.x
2
 >>> afoo.A
1
 >>> afoo.letter['a']
1
 >>> afoo.letter.items()
[('a', 1), ('c', 3), ('b', 2)]


Do you expect afoo.letter[x] to always be afoo.x?  Because they aren't:

>>> afoo.A = 9
>>> afoo.letter['a']
1

~Ethan~
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Re: setting variables in pdb

[John Posner]

On 5/18/2010 4:15 PM, Art wrote:

If I am in Pdb, I would like to set a temporary variable, for example:

(Pdb) r = 1

The 'r' gets interpreted as 'return' by Pdb.

Is there a Pdb instruction that guarantees the intended effect, like:

(Pdb) let r = 1

I can usually avoid using such variable names, but if I am changing
the value of a local variable, it is convenient to be able to make
sure that trying to change that variable doesn't unintentionally call
a Pdb routine.



Try setting *two* values at the interactive prompt:

   foo, r = 0, 3456

Variable "r" now has the value 3456.

HTH,
John


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Re: setting variables in pdb

[Duncan Booth]

Art  wrote:

> If I am in Pdb, I would like to set a temporary variable, for example:
> 
> (Pdb) r = 1
> 
> The 'r' gets interpreted as 'return' by Pdb.
> 
> Is there a Pdb instruction that guarantees the intended effect, like:
> 
> (Pdb) let r = 1

(Pdb) exec "r=1"
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how to cause a request for a missing class attribute cause its calculation

[Vincent Davis]

Lets say I have
class foo(object):
def __init__(self, x, y):
self.x=x
self.y=y
def xplusy(self):
self.xy = x+y

inst = foo(1,2)
inst.xy   # no value, but I what this to cause the calculation of inst.xy

I don't what to have self.xy calculated before it is called.


Thanks

*Vincent Davis
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 my blog  |
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Re: Is this an ok thing to do in a class

[Vincent Davis]

On Tue, May 18, 2010 at 2:41 PM, Ethan Furman  wrote:
>
> Do you expect afoo.letter[x] to always be afoo.x?  Because they aren't:
>
> >>> afoo.A = 9
> >>> afoo.letter['a']
> 1
>

What you are pointing out is that the assignment is not reversed . But that
does make me thing of something I had not.

>>> afoo.letter['a'] = 345
>>> afoo.A
1

Thats kinda a bummer, whats a good way to make sure affo.A gets updated?

Vincent

>
> ~Ethan~
>
> --
> http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
>

  *Vincent Davis
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 my blog  |
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Re: how to cause a request for a missing class attribute cause its calculation

[Chris Rebert]

On Tue, May 18, 2010 at 1:39 PM, Vincent Davis  wrote:
>
> Lets say I have
> class foo(object):
>     def __init__(self, x, y):
>         self.x=x
>         self.y=y
>     def xplusy(self):
>         self.xy = x+y
> inst = foo(1,2)
> inst.xy   # no value, but I what this to cause the calculation of inst.xy
> I don't what to have self.xy calculated before it is called.

class Foo(object):
def __init__(self, x, y):
self.x = x
self.y = y

@property
def xy(self):
'''Will calculate x+y every time'''
return self.x + self.y

Or if Foo is immutable and you wish to cache x+y:

class Foo(object):
def __init__(self, x, y):
self.x = x
self.y = y
self._xy = None

@property
def xy(self):
if self._xy is None:
self._xy = self.x + self.y
return self._xy

Suggested reading: http://docs.python.org/library/functions.html#property

Cheers,
Chris
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Re: Is this an ok thing to do in a class

[Ethan Furman]

Vincent Davis wrote:
On Tue, May 18, 2010 at 2:41 PM, Ethan Furman > wrote:


Do you expect afoo.letter[x] to always be afoo.x?  Because they aren't:

 >>> afoo.A = 9
 >>> afoo.letter['a']
1


What you are pointing out is that the assignment is not reversed . But 
that does make me thing of something I had not.


 >>> afoo.letter['a'] = 345
 >>> afoo.A
1

Thats kinda a bummer, whats a good way to make sure affo.A gets updated?


It's possible, and not too tough, but... why do you need it done that 
way?  Keeping redundant information seems like extra work with no advantage.


~Ethan~
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Re: how to cause a request for a missing class attribute cause its calculation

[Ethan Furman]

Vincent Davis wrote:
Lets say I have 
class foo(object):

def __init__(self, x, y):
self.x=x
self.y=y
def xplusy(self):
self.xy = x+y

 ^ this needs to be self.x + self.y


inst = foo(1,2)
inst.xy   # no value, but I what this to cause the calculation of inst.xy

I don't what to have self.xy calculated before it is called.


My current favorite method:

def __getattr__(self, name):
if name != 'xy':
raise AttributeError("%s not found" % name)
self.xy = self.x + self.y
return self.xy


~Ethan~
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Re: Is this an ok thing to do in a class

[Vincent Davis]

On Tue, May 18, 2010 at 3:15 PM, Ethan Furman  wrote:

> Vincent Davis wrote:
>
>>
>> What you are pointing out is that the assignment is not reversed . But
>> that does make me thing of something I had not.
>>
>>  >>> afoo.letter['a'] = 345
>>  >>> afoo.A
>> 1
>>
>> Thats kinda a bummer, whats a good way to make sure afoo.A gets updated?
>>
>
> It's possible, and not too tough, but... why do you need it done that way?
>  Keeping redundant information seems like extra work with no advantage.
>
> Not sure I do, basicly I have a long list of values that could be
calculated from data. Some may take some time depending on the amount of
data. I don't what to calculate them all if not needed but I don't what the
user to need to know which are and which are not. But maybe @property is
what I need to be looking at, see my other post on the list.
Thanks
Vincent


> ~Ethan~
> --
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>

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 my blog  |
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another question about classes and subclassing

[Alex Hall]

Hi again all,
More about classes. I am still looking into my battleship game, and I
will have several different craft. All craft have common attribs
(position, alive, and so on) but each craft may be a surface ship,
submarine, or airplane. All three are craft, but a submarine can be
submerged or not, which does not apply to a surface ship or a plane,
while a plane can be airborne or not, which is not applicable to the
other two. Is there any advantage to creating a craft class:

class craft():
 #has attribs common to any and all craft
#end class

then doing something like:

class submarine(craft):
 #sub-specific attribs
#end class

How would I create a submarine, and then get at the craft-level
attribs? Come to think of it, how would I pass anything to the craft
constructor (position and alive, for example) when creating a new
submarine object? Am I even doing this right to make submarine a
subclass of craft? Thanks.

-- 
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sound effects in python

[Astan Chee]

Hi,
I have a sound file (e.g. .wav; .mp3, etc) in python that I'd like to 
modify (e.g. change tempo, pitch, add echo, amplify, etc).
Any recommendation on how I can achieve this in python independent of 
platform?

Thanks
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Re: how to cause a request for a missing class attribute cause its calculation

[Ethan Furman]

Ethan Furman wrote:

Vincent Davis wrote:

Lets say I have class foo(object):
def __init__(self, x, y):
self.x=x
self.y=y
def xplusy(self):
self.xy = x+y

 ^ this needs to be self.x + self.y


inst = foo(1,2)
inst.xy   # no value, but I what this to cause the calculation of inst.xy

I don't what to have self.xy calculated before it is called.


My current favorite method:

def __getattr__(self, name):
if name != 'xy':
raise AttributeError("%s not found" % name)
self.xy = self.x + self.y
return self.xy


~Ethan~


Chris' reply is more on-point, I think -- I was thinking of attributes 
that are only calculated once.  *sigh*


~Ethan~
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Re: sound effects in python

[Vincent Davis]

There was a talk at pycon about this. Sounded interecting but I don't know
much about it.
http://us.pycon.org/2010/conference/schedule/event/136/

Vincent

On Tue, May 18, 2010 at 4:05 PM, Astan Chee  wrote:

> Hi,
> I have a sound file (e.g. .wav; .mp3, etc) in python that I'd like to
> modify (e.g. change tempo, pitch, add echo, amplify, etc).
> Any recommendation on how I can achieve this in python independent of
> platform?
> Thanks
> --
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>

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 my blog  |
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Re: Access to comp.lang.python

[Tim Chase]

On 05/15/2010 05:34 PM, cjw wrote:

It seems that messages are coming from a number of sources, such as
gmane and google groups.

The problem is that many messages seem to get unlinked from their threads.

I use Thunderbird 3.0.5 and wonder whether the problem lies with the
merge process, the server or my reader.


While others have told you about using gmane or other sources 
(direct email, etc), I haven't seen anything fly by regarding the 
"unlinked from their threads" portion of your question. 
Thunderbird 2.0 -> 3.0 changed the default value for 
mail.strict_threading from False to True.  Pulling up the config 
editor (essentially the about:config, buried in the 
options->advanced stuff, I think; or perhaps I have the 
"about:config" plugin to do that) allows you to toggle this value 
back to "True".  This setting controls whether threads are 
defined *only* by the mail header (strict=True), or whether TB 
also tries to guess based on the Subject header (strict=False).


Toggle it (and perhaps restart TB?) and see if that helps rectify 
the threading.  There are a lot of folks here on c.l.p that use 
broken newsreaders that don't correctly set news/threading headers.


-tkc



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Re: sound effects in python

[technocake]

On 19 Mai, 00:05, Astan Chee  wrote:
> Hi,
> I have a sound file (e.g. .wav; .mp3, etc) in python that I'd like to
> modify (e.g. change tempo, pitch, add echo, amplify, etc).
> Any recommendation on how I can achieve this in python independent of
> platform?
> Thanks

You could have a look on PyAudio : http://people.csail.mit.edu/hubert/pyaudio/

I have not any experience with it, so I can only point you to it for
now. Hope you find it useful

technocake
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Re: another question about classes and subclassing

[Dave Angel]

Alex Hall wrote:

Hi again all,
More about classes. I am still looking into my battleship game, and I
will have several different craft. All craft have common attribs
(position, alive, and so on) but each craft may be a surface ship,
submarine, or airplane. All three are craft, but a submarine can be
submerged or not, which does not apply to a surface ship or a plane,
while a plane can be airborne or not, which is not applicable to the
other two. Is there any advantage to creating a craft class:

class craft():
 #has attribs common to any and all craft
#end class

then doing something like:

class submarine(craft):
 #sub-specific attribs
#end class

How would I create a submarine, and then get at the craft-level
attribs? Come to think of it, how would I pass anything to the craft
constructor (position and alive, for example) when creating a new
submarine object? Am I even doing this right to make submarine a
subclass of craft? Thanks.

  
Inside the __init__() method of Submarine, simply call the __init__() 
method of Craft, with appropriate parameters.


As for getting at the attributes of the Craft parent class, from a 
Submarine object, you simply reference the attributes as always.  If 
they're not overridden in Submarine, they'll be searched for in Craft.



DaveA

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Re: another question about classes and subclassing

[Alex Hall]

Okay, that makes sense. So by calling submarine(craft) I am bringing
in all of craft's attribs (subclassing)? Or does calling craft's
__init__ method do that instead? Is there an advantage to doing it
this way, rather than just making separate classes for everything,
except for my own sense of organization; speed, memory usage, less
coding? Thanks.

On 5/18/10, Dave Angel  wrote:
> Alex Hall wrote:
>> Hi again all,
>> More about classes. I am still looking into my battleship game, and I
>> will have several different craft. All craft have common attribs
>> (position, alive, and so on) but each craft may be a surface ship,
>> submarine, or airplane. All three are craft, but a submarine can be
>> submerged or not, which does not apply to a surface ship or a plane,
>> while a plane can be airborne or not, which is not applicable to the
>> other two. Is there any advantage to creating a craft class:
>>
>> class craft():
>>  #has attribs common to any and all craft
>> #end class
>>
>> then doing something like:
>>
>> class submarine(craft):
>>  #sub-specific attribs
>> #end class
>>
>> How would I create a submarine, and then get at the craft-level
>> attribs? Come to think of it, how would I pass anything to the craft
>> constructor (position and alive, for example) when creating a new
>> submarine object? Am I even doing this right to make submarine a
>> subclass of craft? Thanks.
>>
>>
> Inside the __init__() method of Submarine, simply call the __init__()
> method of Craft, with appropriate parameters.
>
> As for getting at the attributes of the Craft parent class, from a
> Submarine object, you simply reference the attributes as always.  If
> they're not overridden in Submarine, they'll be searched for in Craft.
>
>
> DaveA
>
>


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Re: upgrade python

[Aahz]

In article ,
packet   wrote:
>
>Would it be safe to upgrade from python 2.6.4 to 2.6.5 without hurting 
>the 2.6.4?

Define "hurting".  Generally speaking, it's always safe to upgrade a
point release, but you should replace the previous version.
-- 
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f u cn rd ths, u cn gt a gd jb n nx prgrmmng.
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Re: another question about classes and subclassing

[Dave Angel]

Alex Hall wrote:

Okay, that makes sense. So by calling submarine(craft) I am bringing
in all of craft's attribs (subclassing)? Or does calling craft's
__init__ method do that instead? Is there an advantage to doing it
this way, rather than just making separate classes for everything,
except for my own sense of organization; speed, memory usage, less
coding? Thanks.



You put your response at the wrong end of the message.  It should 
*follow* whatever you're quoting.  So in your case, I'm forced to delete 
everything just to make the order correct.


You don't call Submarine(Craft), as it's not a function.  That's a class 
definition.  You instantiate a Submarine by something like:


sub = Submarine(arg1, arg2, arg3)

And those three arguments are then passed to the __init__() method of 
Submarine.  It may choose to call the __init__() method of Craft, in the 
method.


There are lots of advantages of using inheritance.  First, any common 
code only has to be entered once, so you'll only have to fix it once 
when you find mistakes, or decide to redesign.  Second, it's easier to 
read - very important.  It may take less memory, but probably not.  And 
it's not likely to have any speed impact.


Craft instances don't have any instance data attributes if nobody 
assigns them.  And that's normally the job of __init__().  So naturally, 
you need to call it from the Submarine class.


Incidentally, convention is to capitalize class names.

DaveA

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Pointers on packaging python programs for installation on multiple platforms?

[gobnat]

Hi all

I am trying to release my first python program.  I would like to be able to 
create a download which will automatically do stuff like add menu items (eg for 
KDE, GNOME and Windows).  Is there anywhere which explains how to do this? 

Thanks in advance


Brendan 
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Re: another question about classes and subclassing

[Alex Hall]

On 5/18/10, Dave Angel  wrote:
> Alex Hall wrote:
>> Okay, that makes sense. So by calling submarine(craft) I am bringing
>> in all of craft's attribs (subclassing)? Or does calling craft's
>> __init__ method do that instead? Is there an advantage to doing it
>> this way, rather than just making separate classes for everything,
>> except for my own sense of organization; speed, memory usage, less
>> coding? Thanks.
>>
>> 
>>>
> You put your response at the wrong end of the message.  It should
> *follow* whatever you're quoting.  So in your case, I'm forced to delete
> everything just to make the order correct.
Sorry, top-posting is a habit on some other lists I am on, and
sometimes it follows me to lists where in-line posting is the way to
do it.
>
> You don't call Submarine(Craft), as it's not a function.  That's a class
> definition. You instantiate a Submarine by something like:
>
> sub = Submarine(arg1, arg2, arg3)
>
> And those three arguments are then passed to the __init__() method of
> Submarine.  It may choose to call the __init__() method of Craft, in the
> method.
So that is the only way of making submarine inherit craft, by calling
craft's __init__ inside submarine's __init__. Okay, I think I get it.
>
> There are lots of advantages of using inheritance.  First, any common
> code only has to be entered once, so you'll only have to fix it once
> when you find mistakes, or decide to redesign.
Very true.
> Second, it's easier to
> read - very important.  It may take less memory, but probably not.  And
> it's not likely to have any speed impact.
>
> Craft instances don't have any instance data attributes if nobody
> assigns them.  And that's normally the job of __init__().  So naturally,
> you need to call it from the Submarine class.
Right, I think I have it now... At least I hope I do!
>
> Incidentally, convention is to capitalize class names.
Yes, I had planned on doing that in my project, but I got caught up in
just making it work and forgot to do so. Thanks for the reminder.
>
> DaveA
>
>


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Re: Access to comp.lang.python

[Terry Reedy]

On 5/18/2010 7:27 PM, Tim Chase wrote:

On 05/15/2010 05:34 PM, cjw wrote:

It seems that messages are coming from a number of sources, such as
gmane and google groups.

The problem is that many messages seem to get unlinked from their
threads.

I use Thunderbird 3.0.5 and wonder whether the problem lies with the
merge process, the server or my reader.


While others have told you about using gmane or other sources (direct
email, etc), I haven't seen anything fly by regarding the "unlinked from
their threads" portion of your question. Thunderbird 2.0 -> 3.0 changed
the default value for mail.strict_threading from False to True. Pulling
up the config editor (essentially the about:config, buried in the
options->advanced stuff, I think; or perhaps I have the "about:config"
plugin to do that) allows you to toggle this value back to "True". This
setting controls whether threads are defined *only* by the mail header
(strict=True), or whether TB also tries to guess based on the Subject
header (strict=False).


I solved the problem for me, well enough, by sorting threads by subject 
instead of 'Date' (actually, time) so that disconnect threads sort 
together anyway.


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Re: recall function definition from shell

[Terry Reedy]

On 5/18/2010 2:55 PM, superpollo wrote:


yes python does not, but maybe the *shell* does, or so i thought. i just
wanted to dump the code for the function in a file, after i tested in
the shell...


On Windows, you can tell the shell (command window) how many lines to 
remember. One can sensibly make this a lot higher on a gigabyte machine 
than back in the 640K days. No idea about other systems.




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Re: upgrade python

[Terry Reedy]

On 5/18/2010 9:47 PM, Aahz wrote:

In article,
packet  wrote:


Would it be safe to upgrade from python 2.6.4 to 2.6.5 without hurting
the 2.6.4?


Define "hurting".  Generally speaking, it's always safe to upgrade a
point release, but you should replace the previous version.


The default action on windows is replace. I keep the previous installer 
around with the current one fora while in case a bugfix release has a 
problem and I need to revert.


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Re: Picking a license

[Ben Finney]

This thread is already off-topic and too long. I'm conflicted about my
role in that; I have endeavoured only to address falsehoods that IMO
were not otherwise being addressed.

So I'll try to keep this brief.

Ethan Furman  writes:

> This doesn't make sense to me, but I'm willing to learn -- how do you
> do this in practice? Are you really selling the software

Perhaps in private email we can discuss what you mean by “really selling
the software”; it's too off-topic here. By my understanding of that
term, yes, I am selling software.

> or rather selling things like setup, support, new code (or time to
> code), etc?

All of the above, depending on the project.

-- 
 \   “If you don't know what your program is supposed to do, you'd |
  `\ better not start writing it.” —Edsger W. Dijkstra |
_o__)  |
Ben Finney
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Re: help need to write a python spell checker

[Nigel Rowe]

On Fri, 14 May 2010 18:19, harry k wrote in comp.lang.python
<>:

> Write a spell checking tool that will identify all misspelled word in
a text file using a provided dictionary.
> 
>
>  
> Extend the spell-checking tool so that the program will also print out
a list of possible correct spellings for the words.
> 

I'm happy to do you homework for you, cost is us$1000 per hour.  Email
to your professor automatically on receipt.

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Re: help need to write a python spell checker

[Steven D'Aprano]

On Wed, 19 May 2010 13:01:10 +1000, Nigel Rowe wrote:

> I'm happy to do you homework for you, cost is us$1000 per hour.  Email
> to your professor automatically on receipt.

I'll do it for $700 an hour!



-- 
Steven

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Classes and threading

[Adam W.]

I thought I knew how classes worked, but this code sample is making my
second guess myself:

import threading

class nThread(threading.Thread):
def __init__(self):
threading.Thread.__init__(self)

def run(self,args):
print self.name
print self.args

pants = nThread(args=('fruit'),name='charlie')
pants.start()

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "C:\Users\Adam\Desktop\PyTiVo\task_master.py", line 13, in

pants = nThread(args=('fruit'),name='charlie')
TypeError: __init__() got an unexpected keyword argument 'args'

Shouldn't __init__ still handle these (as per
http://docs.python.org/library/threading.html#thread-objects ), even
if its subclassed?  I thought this was the whole idea of inheritance
and overdriving.


And sort of related, why does this crash IDLE GUI but not the command
line?:

import threading

class nThread(threading.Thread):

def run(self):
print 2+2

pants = nThread()
pants.start()


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question on logging module

[frank zhu]

Hi,
>From the python 2.6.4 tutorial, refer to
http://docs.python.org/release/2.6.4/tutorial/stdlib2.html#logging

The above example doesn't work for me.
Here is script log

#

o...@oem-desktop ~ $ python -V
Python 2.6.4
o...@oem-desktop ~ $ python
Python 2.6.4 (r264:75706, Dec  7 2009, 18:45:15)
[GCC 4.4.1] on linux2
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> import logging
>>> logging.debug('debug information')
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "", line 1, in 
AttributeError: 'module' object has no attribute 'debug'



I am current using python2.6.4.

Can anyone point out what's problem?
Thanks,
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Re: Classes and threading

[Erik Max Francis]

Adam W. wrote:

I thought I knew how classes worked, but this code sample is making my
second guess myself:

import threading

class nThread(threading.Thread):
def __init__(self):
threading.Thread.__init__(self)

def run(self,args):
print self.name
print self.args

pants = nThread(args=('fruit'),name='charlie')
pants.start()

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "C:\Users\Adam\Desktop\PyTiVo\task_master.py", line 13, in

pants = nThread(args=('fruit'),name='charlie')
TypeError: __init__() got an unexpected keyword argument 'args'

Shouldn't __init__ still handle these (as per
http://docs.python.org/library/threading.html#thread-objects ), even
if its subclassed?  I thought this was the whole idea of inheritance
and overdriving.


You've overridden the __init__ method to _not_ take any arguments, and 
explicitly call its parent constructor not passing anything.  So it 
shouldn't be a wonder that it won't accept any arguments.


If you don't intend to override the constructor in the parent class, 
simply don't define it.


--
Erik Max Francis && m...@alcyone.com && http://www.alcyone.com/max/
 San Jose, CA, USA && 37 18 N 121 57 W && AIM/Y!M/Skype erikmaxfrancis
  I like young girls. Their stories are shorter.
   -- Thomas McGuane
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Re: help need to write a python spell checker

[Patrick Maupin]

On May 14, 3:19 am, "harry k"  wrote:

> Write a spell checking tool that will identify all misspelled word in a text 
> file using a provided dictionary.

Well, this has been educational.  Both my daughters just finished
their final exams last week, so I was confused about seeing the
homework assignment.  Then I saw the email address.  Although it makes
perfect sense, I never really thought much about the possibility that
the school year would be "upside down" "down under"...

Regards,
Pat
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Re: help need to write a python spell checker

[John Machin]

On May 19, 1:37 pm, Steven D'Aprano  wrote:
> On Wed, 19 May 2010 13:01:10 +1000, Nigel Rowe wrote:
> > I'm happy to do you homework for you, cost is us$1000 per hour.  Email
> > to your professor automatically on receipt.
>
> I'll do it for $700 an hour!

he could save the money if he oogledgay orvignay ellspay eckerchay
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Re: question on logging module

[Cameron Simpson]

On 18May2010 23:42, frank zhu  wrote:
| Hi,
| >From the python 2.6.4 tutorial, refer to
| http://docs.python.org/release/2.6.4/tutorial/stdlib2.html#logging
| 
| The above example doesn't work for me.
| Here is script log
| 
| #
| 
| o...@oem-desktop ~ $ python -V
| Python 2.6.4
| o...@oem-desktop ~ $ python
| Python 2.6.4 (r264:75706, Dec  7 2009, 18:45:15)
| [GCC 4.4.1] on linux2
| Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
| >>> import logging
| >>> logging.debug('debug information')
| Traceback (most recent call last):
|   File "", line 1, in 
| AttributeError: 'module' object has no attribute 'debug'
| 
| 
| 
| I am current using python2.6.4.
| 
| Can anyone point out what's problem?

I don't suppose you have a file called "logging.py" in your working
directory? Python will find it before the system libraries; it is a bad
idea to name .py files the same as library module for this reason.

Cheers,
-- 
Cameron Simpson  DoD#743
http://www.cskk.ezoshosting.com/cs/

The First Law of Internet Communications:
Be liberal in what you accept, and conservative in what you send. - Jon Postel
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