CVSROOT: /web/www Module name: www Changes by: Yavor Doganov <yavor> 11/11/20 01:28:34
Modified files: licenses : translations.pl.html licenses/po : translations.pl-en.html philosophy : android-and-users-freedom.pl.html server : sitemap.nl.html sitemap.sq.html Added files: philosophy/po : android-and-users-freedom.pl-en.html Log message: Automatic update by GNUnited Nations. CVSWeb URLs: http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/licenses/translations.pl.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.97&r2=1.98 http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/licenses/po/translations.pl-en.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.4&r2=1.5 http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/philosophy/android-and-users-freedom.pl.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.4&r2=1.5 http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/philosophy/po/android-and-users-freedom.pl-en.html?cvsroot=www&rev=1.1 http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/server/sitemap.nl.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.17&r2=1.18 http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/server/sitemap.sq.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.14&r2=1.15 Patches: Index: licenses/translations.pl.html =================================================================== RCS file: /web/www/www/licenses/translations.pl.html,v retrieving revision 1.97 retrieving revision 1.98 diff -u -b -r1.97 -r1.98 --- licenses/translations.pl.html 16 Nov 2011 01:35:19 -0000 1.97 +++ licenses/translations.pl.html 20 Nov 2011 01:26:17 -0000 1.98 @@ -155,9 +155,9 @@ <code>[zh-tw]</code> <a href="http://www.certifiedchinesetranslation.com/openaccess/gnuv3-tc.html"> Chinese (Traditional)</a> translation of the GPL</li> --> -<li><!-- RT #710854 --> +<li><!-- RT #707550 --> <code>[cs]</code> TÅumaczenie GPL na <a -href="http://jxself.org/translations/gpl-3.cz.shtml">czeski</a></li> +href="http://www.gnugpl.cz/v3/">czeski</a></li> <li><code>[nl]</code> TÅumaczenie GPL na <a href="http://bartbeuving.files.wordpress.com/2008/07/gpl-v3-nl-101.pdf"> holenderski</a> (PDF)</li> @@ -211,9 +211,9 @@ href="http://alas.matf.bg.ac.rs/~mr99164/ojl-3.0.html">HTML</a>, <a href="http://alas.matf.bg.ac.rs/~mr99164/gnu/ojl-3.0.pdf">PDF</a> </li> - <li><!-- RT #710854 --> + <li><!-- RT #707550 --> <code>[sk]</code> TÅumaczenie GPL na <a -href="http://jxself.org/translations/gpl-3.sk.shtml">sÅowacki</a></li> +href="http://www.gpl.sk/v3/">sÅowacki</a></li> <!-- commercial site <li> @@ -414,6 +414,17 @@ href="http://docs.danexlandia.com.mx/gfdl_es.html">hiszpaÅski</a></li> </ul> +<h4>W trakcie przekÅadu</h4> + +<p>Poniższe przekÅady sÄ w trakcie tworzenia, skontaktuj siÄ +z odpowiedniÄ osobÄ /grupÄ , jeÅli chcesz pomóc.</p> + +<ul> + <li><!-- contact the OP from RT #715051 --> +<code>[id]</code> indonezyjski, <a +href="mailto:web-translat...@gnu.org"><web-translat...@gnu.org></a></li> +</ul> + <!-- Please keep entries alphabetical by language name. --> <h3 id="Exceptions">Nieoficjalne przekÅady wyjÄ tków od licencji GNU</h3> @@ -516,7 +527,7 @@ <p><!-- timestamp start --> Aktualizowane: -$Date: 2011/11/16 01:35:19 $ +$Date: 2011/11/20 01:26:17 $ <!-- timestamp end --> </p> Index: licenses/po/translations.pl-en.html =================================================================== RCS file: /web/www/www/licenses/po/translations.pl-en.html,v retrieving revision 1.4 retrieving revision 1.5 diff -u -b -r1.4 -r1.5 --- licenses/po/translations.pl-en.html 16 Nov 2011 01:35:27 -0000 1.4 +++ licenses/po/translations.pl-en.html 20 Nov 2011 01:26:44 -0000 1.5 @@ -132,8 +132,8 @@ <li><code>[zh-tw]</code> <a href="http://www.certifiedchinesetranslation.com/openaccess/gnuv3-tc.html"> Chinese (Traditional)</a> translation of the GPL</li> --> - <li><code>[cs]</code> <!-- RT #710854 --> - <a href="http://jxself.org/translations/gpl-3.cz.shtml">Czech</a> + <li><code>[cs]</code> <!-- RT #707550 --> + <a href="http://www.gnugpl.cz/v3/">Czech</a> translation of the GPL</li> <li><code>[nl]</code> <a href="http://bartbeuving.files.wordpress.com/2008/07/gpl-v3-nl-101.pdf"> Dutch</a> translation of the GPL (PDF)</li> @@ -181,8 +181,8 @@ <a href="http://alas.matf.bg.ac.rs/~mr99164/ojl-3.0.html">HTML</a>, <a href="http://alas.matf.bg.ac.rs/~mr99164/gnu/ojl-3.0.pdf">PDF</a> </li> - <li><code>[sk]</code> <!-- RT #710854 --> - <a href="http://jxself.org/translations/gpl-3.sk.shtml">Slovak</a> + <li><code>[sk]</code> <!-- RT #707550 --> + <a href="http://www.gpl.sk/v3/">Slovak</a> translation of the GPL</li> <!-- commercial site <li><code>[es]</code> <a href="http://www.viti.es/gnu/licenses/gpl.html">Spanish</a> @@ -356,6 +356,18 @@ <li><code>[es]</code> <a href="http://docs.danexlandia.com.mx/gfdl_es.html"> Spanish</a> translation of the GFDL</li> </ul> + +<h4>Translations Underway</h4> + +<p>The following translation efforts are underway, please contact the + person/team if you are willing to help.</p> + +<ul> + <li><code>[id]</code> <!-- contact the OP from RT #715051 --> + Indonesian, <a href="mailto:web-translat...@gnu.org"> + <web-translat...@gnu.org></a></li> +</ul> + <!-- Please keep entries alphabetical by language name. --> <h3 id="Exceptions">Unofficial translations of exceptions to GNU @@ -439,7 +451,7 @@ <p>Updated: <!-- timestamp start --> -$Date: 2011/11/16 01:35:27 $ +$Date: 2011/11/20 01:26:44 $ <!-- timestamp end --> </p> </div> Index: philosophy/android-and-users-freedom.pl.html =================================================================== RCS file: /web/www/www/philosophy/android-and-users-freedom.pl.html,v retrieving revision 1.4 retrieving revision 1.5 diff -u -b -r1.4 -r1.5 --- philosophy/android-and-users-freedom.pl.html 30 Sep 2011 00:36:28 -0000 1.4 +++ philosophy/android-and-users-freedom.pl.html 20 Nov 2011 01:27:00 -0000 1.5 @@ -111,6 +111,10 @@ uszanujÄ . Reszta kodu, na licencji Apache, nie zobowiÄ zuje ich do publikowania używanego przez nich kodu źródÅowego.</p> +<p>Niektórzy producenci zmieniajÄ Androida na przykÅad dodajÄ c <a +href="http://androidsecuritytest.com/features/logs-and-services/loggers/carrieriq/">ukryty +pakiet szpiegujÄ cy</a> taki jak Carrier IQ.</p> + <p><a href="http://replicant.us">Replicant</a>, wolna wersja Androida, która wspiera zaledwie parÄ modeli telefonów, zastÄ piÅa wiele z tych bibliotek, a można siÄ obyÄ bez niewolnych @@ -240,10 +244,12 @@ TÅumaczenie: Jan Owoc 2011, Daniel Oźminkowski 2011, PaweÅ RóżaÅski 2011; poprawki: Pawel Szulczewski 2011, Jan Wieremjewicz 2011, Sylwester ZarÄbski 2011.</div> + + <p><!-- timestamp start --> Aktualizowane: -$Date: 2011/09/30 00:36:28 $ +$Date: 2011/11/20 01:27:00 $ <!-- timestamp end --> </p> @@ -273,12 +279,15 @@ <!-- http://gnu.org/software/trans-coord/manual/web-trans/html_node/Capitalization.html --> <!-- --> <!-- --> -<!-- <gnun> -<ul class="translations-list"> --> +<!-- <ul class="translations-list"> + --> <!-- English --> -<!-- <li><a --> -<!-- href="/philosophy/android-and-users-freedom.html">English</a> [en]</li> --> -<!-- </ul></gnun> --> +<!-- <li> +<a --> +<!-- href="/philosophy/android-and-users-freedom.html"> +English</a> [en]</li> --> +<!-- </ul> + --> <!-- </div> --> </div> Index: server/sitemap.nl.html =================================================================== RCS file: /web/www/www/server/sitemap.nl.html,v retrieving revision 1.17 retrieving revision 1.18 diff -u -b -r1.17 -r1.18 --- server/sitemap.nl.html 20 Sep 2011 17:20:09 -0000 1.17 +++ server/sitemap.nl.html 20 Nov 2011 01:28:21 -0000 1.18 @@ -6,6 +6,12 @@ <title>Plattegrond van de Site - GNU Project - Free Software Foundation (FSF)</title> <!--#include virtual="/server/banner.nl.html" --> +<!--#set var="PO_FILE" + value='<a href="http://www.gnu.org/server/po/sitemap.nl.po"> + http://www.gnu.org/server/po/sitemap.nl.po</a>' --> + <!--#set var="ORIGINAL_FILE" value="/server/sitemap.html" --> + <!--#set var="DIFF_FILE" value="" --> + <!--#include virtual="/server/outdated.nl.html" --> <!--#include virtual="/server/po/sitemap.translist" --> <h2>Plattegrond van de Site</h2> @@ -430,7 +436,7 @@ <!-- timestamp start --> Bijgewerkt: -$Date: 2011/09/20 17:20:09 $ +$Date: 2011/11/20 01:28:21 $ <!-- timestamp end --> </p> Index: server/sitemap.sq.html =================================================================== RCS file: /web/www/www/server/sitemap.sq.html,v retrieving revision 1.14 retrieving revision 1.15 diff -u -b -r1.14 -r1.15 --- server/sitemap.sq.html 20 Sep 2011 17:20:09 -0000 1.14 +++ server/sitemap.sq.html 20 Nov 2011 01:28:21 -0000 1.15 @@ -6,6 +6,12 @@ <title>Harta e Site-it - Projekti GNU - Free Software Foundation (FSF)</title> <!--#include virtual="/server/banner.sq.html" --> +<!--#set var="PO_FILE" + value='<a href="http://www.gnu.org/server/po/sitemap.sq.po"> + http://www.gnu.org/server/po/sitemap.sq.po</a>' --> + <!--#set var="ORIGINAL_FILE" value="/server/sitemap.html" --> + <!--#set var="DIFF_FILE" value="" --> + <!--#include virtual="/server/outdated.sq.html" --> <!--#include virtual="/server/po/sitemap.translist" --> <h2>Harta e <em>Site</em>-it</h2> @@ -428,7 +434,7 @@ <!-- timestamp start --> Përditësuar: -$Date: 2011/09/20 17:20:09 $ +$Date: 2011/11/20 01:28:21 $ <!-- timestamp end --> </p> Index: philosophy/po/android-and-users-freedom.pl-en.html =================================================================== RCS file: philosophy/po/android-and-users-freedom.pl-en.html diff -N philosophy/po/android-and-users-freedom.pl-en.html --- /dev/null 1 Jan 1970 00:00:00 -0000 +++ philosophy/po/android-and-users-freedom.pl-en.html 20 Nov 2011 01:28:14 -0000 1.1 @@ -0,0 +1,253 @@ +<!--#include virtual="/server/header.html" --> +<!-- Parent-Version: 1.57 --> +<title>Android and Users' Freedom - GNU Project - Free Software +Foundation</title> +<!--#include virtual="/server/banner.html" --> +<!--#include virtual="/philosophy/po/android-and-users-freedom.translist" --> +<h2>Android and Users' Freedom</h2> +<p>by Richard Stallman<br />First published in <a +href="http://www.guardian.co.uk/technology/2011/sep/19/android-free-software-stallman"> +The Guardian</a></p> + +<p>To what extent does Android respect the freedom of its users? For a +computer user that values freedom, that is the most important question +to ask about any software system.</p> + +<p>In the <a href="http://fsf.org">free/libre software movement</a>, we develop +software that respects users' freedom, so we and you can escape from +software that doesn't. By contrast, the idea of “open +source” focuses on how to develop code; it is a different current of +thought whose principal value is <a +href="/philosophy/open-source-misses-the-point.html">code +quality rather than freedom</a>. Thus, the concern here is not whether Android is +“open”, but whether it allows users to be free.</p> + +<p>Android is an operating system primarily for mobile phones, which +consists of Linux (Torvalds' kernel), some libraries, a Java platform +and some applications. Linux aside, the software of Android versions +1 and 2 was mostly developed by Google; Google released it under the +Apache 2.0 license, which is a lax free software license without +<a href="/copyleft/copyleft.html">copyleft</a>.</p> + +<p>The version of Linux included in Android is not entirely free +software, since it contains nonfree “binary blobs” (just like +Torvalds' version of Linux), some of which are really used in some +Android devices. Android platforms use other nonfree firmware, too, +and nonfree libraries. Aside from those, the source code of Android +versions 1 and 2, as released by Google, is free software—but this +code is insufficient to run the device. Some of the applications that +generally come with Android are nonfree, too.</p> + +<p>Android is very different from the <a +href="/gnu/the-gnu-project.html">GNU/Linux operating +system</a> because it contains very little of GNU. Indeed, just about the +only component in common between Android and GNU/Linux is Linux, the kernel. +People who erroneously think “Linux” refers to the entire GNU/Linux +combination get tied in knots by these facts, and make paradoxical statements +such as “Android contains Linux, but it isn't Linux.” If we avoid +starting from the confusion, the situation is simple: Android contains Linux, +but not GNU; thus, Android and GNU/Linux are mostly different.</p> + +<p>Within Android, Linux the kernel remains a separate program, with its +source code under <a href="/licenses/gpl-2.0.html">GNU GPL +version 2</a>. To combine Linux with code under the Apache 2.0 license would +be copyright infringement, since GPL version 2 and Apache 2.0 are <a +href="/licenses/license-list.html#apache2">incompatible</a>. +Rumors that Google has somehow converted Linux to the Apache license are +erroneous; Google has no power to change the license on the code of Linux, and +did not try. If the authors of Linux allowed its use under <a +href="/licenses/gpl.html">GPL version 3</a>, +then that code could be combined with Apache-licensed code, with the +combination could be released under GPL version 3. But Linux has not +been released that way.</p> + +<p>Google has complied with the requirements of the GNU General Public +License for Linux, but the Apache license on the rest of Android does +not require source release. Google has said it will never publish the +source code of Android 3.0 (aside from Linux), even though executables +have been released to the public. Android 3.1 source code is also +being withheld. Thus, Android 3, apart from Linux, is nonfree +software pure and simple.</p> + +<p>Google said it withheld the 3.0 source code because it was buggy, and +that people should wait for the next release. That may be good advice +for people who simply want to run the Android system, but the users +should be the ones to decide this. Anyway, developers and tinkerers +who want to include some of the changes in their own versions could +use that code just fine.</p> + +<p>The nonrelease of two versions' source code raises concern that Google +might intend to turn Android proprietary permanently; that the release +of some Android versions as free software may have been a temporary +ploy to get community assistance in improving a <a +href="/philosophy/categories.html#ProprietarySoftware">proprietary +software</a> product. Let us hope that does not happen.</p> + +<p>In any case, most of the source code of some versions of Android has +been released as free software. Does that mean that products using +those Android versions respect users' freedom? No, for several +reasons.</p> + +<p>First of all, most of them contain nonfree Google applications for +talking to services such as YouTube and Google Maps. These are +officially not part of Android, but that doesn't make the product ok. +There are also nonfree libraries; whether they are part of Android is +a moot point. What matters is that various functionalities need +them.</p> + +<p>Even the executables that are officially part of Android may not +correspond to the source code Google releases. Manufacturers may +change this code, and often they don't release the source code for +their versions. The GNU GPL requires them to distribute the code for +their versions of Linux, if they comply. The rest of the code, under +the lax Apache license, does not require them to release the source +version that they really use.</p> + +<p>One change that some manufacturers make in Android is the addition +of <a href="http://androidsecuritytest.com/features/logs-and-services/loggers/carrieriq/"> +a hidden general surveillance package</a> such as Carrier IQ.</p> + +<p><a href="http://replicant.us">Replicant</a>, a free version of +Android that supports just a few phone models, has replaced many +of these libraries, and you can do without the nonfree apps. But +there are other problems.</p> + +<p>Some device models are designed to stop users from installing and +using modified software. In that situation, the executables are not +free even if they were made from sources that are free and available +to you. However, some Android devices can be “rooted” so +users can install different software.</p> + +<p>Important firmware or drivers are generally proprietary also. These +handle the phone network radio, WiFi, bluetooth, GPS, 3D graphics, the +camera, the speaker, and in some cases the microphone too. On some +models, a few of these drivers are free, and there are some that you +can do without—but you can't do without the microphone or the phone +network radio.</p> + +<p>The phone network firmware comes preinstalled. If all it did was sit +there and run, we could regard it as equivalent to a circuit. When we +insist that the software in a computing device must be free, we can +overlook preinstalled firmware that will never be upgraded, because it +makes no difference to the user that it's a program rather than a +circuit.</p> + +<p>Unfortunately, in this case it would be a malicious circuit. +Malicious features are unacceptable no matter how they are +implemented.</p> + +<p>On most Android phones, this firmware has so much control that it +could turn the product into a listening device. On some, it controls +the microphone. On some, it can take full control of the main +computer, through shared memory, and can thus override or replace +whatever free software you have installed. With some models it is +possible to exercise remote control of this firmware, and thus of the +phone's computer, through the phone radio network. The point of free +software is that we have control of our computing, and this doesn't +qualify. While any computing system might HAVE bugs, these devices +might BE bugs. (Craig Murray, in <a +href="http://www.guardian.co.uk/books/2006/aug/12/politics">Murder in +Samarkand</a>, relates his involvement in an intelligence operation +that remotely converted an unsuspecting target's non-Android portable +phone into a listening device.)</p> + +<p>In any case, the phone network firmware in an Android device is not +equivalent to a circuit, because the hardware allows installation of +new versions and this is actually done. Since it is proprietary +firmware, in practice only the manufacturer can make new +versions—users can't.</p> + +<p>Putting these points together, we can tolerate nonfree phone network +firmware provided new versions of it won't be loaded, it can't take +control of the main computer, and it can only communicate when and as +the free operating system chooses to let it communicate. In other +words, it has to be equivalent to circuitry, and that circuitry must +not be malicious. There is no obstacle to building an Android phone +which has these characteristics, but we don't know of any.</p> + +<p>Recent press coverage of Android focuses on the patent wars. During +20 years of campaigning for the abolition of software patents, we have +warned such wars could happen. Software patents could force +elimination of features from Android, or even make it unavailable. +See <a href="http://endsoftpatents.org">endsoftpatents.org</a> for more +information about why software patents must be abolished.</p> + +<p>However, the patent attacks and Google's responses are not directly +relevant to the topic of this article: how Android products approach +an ethically system of distribution and how they fall short. This +issue merits the attention of the press too.</p> + +<p>Android is a major step towards an ethical, user-controlled, free +software portable phone, but there is a long way to go. Hackers are +working on <a href="http://replicant.us">Replicant</a>, but it's a big +job to support a new phone model, and there remains the problem of the +firmware. Even though the Android phones of today are considerably less +bad than Apple or Windows smartphones, they cannot be said to respect +your freedom.</p> + +<!-- If needed, change the copyright block at the bottom. In general, + all pages on the GNU web server should have the section about + verbatim copying. Please do NOT remove this without talking + with the webmasters first. + Please make sure the copyright date is consistent with the document + and that it is like this: "2001, 2002", not this: "2001-2002". --> +</div><!-- for id="content", starts in the include above --> +<!--#include virtual="/server/footer.html" --> +<div id="footer"> + +<p>Please send general FSF & GNU inquiries to +<a href="mailto:g...@gnu.org"><g...@gnu.org></a>. +There are also <a href="/contact/">other ways to contact</a> +the FSF.<br /> +Please send broken links and other corrections or suggestions to +<a href="mailto:webmast...@gnu.org"><webmast...@gnu.org></a>.</p> + +<p>Please see the <a +href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations +README</a> for information on coordinating and submitting translations +of this article.</p> + +<p>Copyright © 2011 Richard Stallman</p> + +<p>This page is licensed under a <a rel="license" +href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/3.0/us/">Creative +Commons Attribution-NoDerivs 3.0 United States License</a>.</p> + +<p>Updated: +<!-- timestamp start --> +$Date: 2011/11/20 01:28:14 $ +<!-- timestamp end --> +</p> +</div> + +<!-- <div id="translations"> --> +<!-- <h4>Translations of this page</h4> --> +<!-- --> +<!-- Please keep this list alphabetical by language code. --> +<!-- Comment what the language is for each type, i.e. de is German. --> +<!-- Write the language name in its own language (Deutsch) in the text. --> +<!-- If you add a new language here, please --> +<!-- advise web-translat...@gnu.org and add it to --> +<!-- - /home/www/html/server/standards/README.translations.html --> +<!-- - one of the lists under the section "Translations Underway" --> +<!-- - if there is a translation team, you also have to add an alias --> +<!-- to mail.gnu.org:/com/mailer/aliases --> +<!-- Please also check you have the language code right; see: --> +<!-- http://www.loc.gov/standards/iso639-2/php/code_list.php --> +<!-- If the 2-letter ISO 639-1 code is not available, --> +<!-- use the 3-letter ISO 639-2. --> +<!-- Please use W3C normative character entities. --> +<!-- --> +<!-- See also '(web-trans)Capitalization': --> +<!-- http://gnu.org/software/trans-coord/manual/web-trans/html_node/Capitalization.html --> +<!-- --> +<!-- --> +<!-- <ul class="translations-list"> --> +<!-- English --> +<!-- <li><a --> +<!-- href="/philosophy/android-and-users-freedom.html">English</a> [en]</li> --> +<!-- </ul> --> +<!-- </div> --> +</div> +</body> +</html>