CVSROOT: /web/www Module name: www Changes by: Yavor Doganov <yavor> 11/11/09 17:35:21
Modified files: licenses/po : license-recommendations.translist Added files: licenses : license-recommendations.ru.html licenses/po : license-recommendations.ru-en.html Log message: Automatic update by GNUnited Nations. CVSWeb URLs: http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/licenses/license-recommendations.ru.html?cvsroot=www&rev=1.1 http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/licenses/po/license-recommendations.translist?cvsroot=www&r1=1.1&r2=1.2 http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/licenses/po/license-recommendations.ru-en.html?cvsroot=www&rev=1.1 Patches: Index: po/license-recommendations.translist =================================================================== RCS file: /web/www/www/licenses/po/license-recommendations.translist,v retrieving revision 1.1 retrieving revision 1.2 diff -u -b -r1.1 -r1.2 --- po/license-recommendations.translist 20 Sep 2011 07:35:20 -0000 1.1 +++ po/license-recommendations.translist 9 Nov 2011 17:35:12 -0000 1.2 @@ -3,6 +3,8 @@ <ul class="translations-list"> <!-- English --> <li><a href="/licenses/license-recommendations.html">English</a> [en]</li> +<!-- Russian --> +<li><a href="/licenses/license-recommendations.ru.html">русский</a> [ru]</li> </ul> </div> <!-- id="translations" --> <!-- end translinks file --> Index: license-recommendations.ru.html =================================================================== RCS file: license-recommendations.ru.html diff -N license-recommendations.ru.html --- /dev/null 1 Jan 1970 00:00:00 -0000 +++ license-recommendations.ru.html 9 Nov 2011 17:34:54 -0000 1.1 @@ -0,0 +1,254 @@ + +<!--#include virtual="/server/header.ru.html" --> + +<!-- This file is automatically generated by GNUnited Nations! --> +<title>Ðак вÑбÑаÑÑ Ð»Ð¸ÑÐµÐ½Ð·Ð¸Ñ Ð´Ð»Ñ Ñвоей ÑобÑÑвенной ÑабоÑÑ - пÑÐ¾ÐµÐºÑ GNU - Фонд +Ñвободного пÑогÑаммного обеÑпеÑÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ (ФСÐÐ)</title> + +<!--#include virtual="/server/banner.ru.html" --> +<!--#include virtual="/licenses/po/license-recommendations.translist" --> +<h2>Ðак вÑбÑаÑÑ Ð»Ð¸ÑÐµÐ½Ð·Ð¸Ñ Ð´Ð»Ñ Ñвоей ÑобÑÑвенной ÑабоÑÑ</h2> + +<h3 id="intro">Ðведение</h3> + +<p>ÐÐ°Ñ ÑаÑÑо ÑпÑаÑиваÑÑ, какÑÑ Ð»Ð¸ÑÐµÐ½Ð·Ð¸Ñ Ð¼Ñ ÑекомендÑем Ð´Ð»Ñ Ð¸Ñ Ð¿ÑоекÑа. ÐÑ +оÑкÑÑÑо пиÑали об ÑÑом ÑанÑÑе, но ÑÐ²ÐµÐ´ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ Ð±Ñли ÑазбÑоÑÐ°Ð½Ñ Ð¿Ð¾ ÑазнÑм +оÑеÑкам, пÑнкÑам вопÑоÑов и оÑвеÑов и поÑÑнениÑм к лиÑензиÑм. Ð ÑÑой ÑÑаÑÑе +вÑе ÑÑи ÑÐ²ÐµÐ´ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ ÑобÑÐ°Ð½Ñ Ð² один иÑÑоÑник, ÑÑÐ¾Ð±Ñ Ð»ÑдÑм бÑло легÑе ÑледоваÑÑ +им и ÑÑÑлаÑÑÑÑ Ð½Ð° Ð½Ð¸Ñ .</p> + +<p>ÐÑиводимÑе ниже ÑекомендаÑии ÑоÑÑедоÑоÑиваÑÑÑÑ Ð½Ð° лиÑензиÑовании ÑабоÑ, +коÑоÑÑе Ð²Ñ ÑоздаеÑе — ÑÑо Ð¼Ð¾Ð¶ÐµÑ Ð±ÑÑÑ Ð´Ð¾ÑабоÑка ÑÑÑеÑÑвÑÑÑÐ¸Ñ ÑÐ°Ð±Ð¾Ñ +или оÑигиналÑнÑе новÑе ÑабоÑÑ. ÐÑи ÑекомендаÑии не ÑаÑÑмаÑÑиваÑÑ Ð²Ð¾Ð¿ÑоÑа +комбиниÑÐ¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ñ ÑÑÑеÑÑвÑÑÑего маÑеÑиала под ÑазнÑми лиÑензиÑми. ÐÑли вам +нÑжна помоÑÑ Ð² ÑÑом вопÑоÑе, ÑвеÑÑÑеÑÑ, пожалÑйÑÑа Ñ <a +href="/licenses/gpl-faq.html">наÑими оÑвеÑами на вопÑоÑÑ Ð¿Ð¾ +лиÑензиÑованиÑ.</a></p> + +<h3 id="contributing">Ðклад в ÑÑÑеÑÑвÑÑÑий пÑоекÑ</h3> + +<p>Ðогда Ð²Ñ Ð´ÐµÐ»Ð°ÐµÑе вклад в ÑÑÑеÑÑвÑÑÑий пÑоекÑ, вам обÑÑно ÑледÑÐµÑ Ð²ÑпÑÑкаÑÑ +Ñвои измененнÑе веÑÑии под Ñой же лиÑензией, под коÑоÑой вÑпÑÑена +пеÑвонаÑалÑÐ½Ð°Ñ ÑабоÑа. СоÑÑÑдниÑеÑÑво Ñ ÑазÑабоÑÑиками пÑоекÑа — +ÑÑо Ñ Ð¾ÑоÑо, а пÑименение дÑÑгой лиÑензии Ð´Ð»Ñ Ð²Ð°ÑÐ¸Ñ Ð´Ð¾ÑабоÑок ÑаÑÑо ÑилÑно +заÑÑÑднÑÐµÑ ÑÑо ÑоÑÑÑдниÑеÑÑво. Ðам ÑледÑÐµÑ Ð¿ÑименÑÑÑ Ð´ÑÑгÑÑ Ð»Ð¸ÑензиÑ, ÑолÑко +когда еÑÑÑ Ð²ÐµÑкий довод, опÑавдÑваÑÑий ÑÑо.</p> + +<p>Ðдин из ÑлÑÑаев, когда пÑименение дÑÑгой лиÑензии Ð¼Ð¾Ð¶ÐµÑ Ð±ÑÑÑ +опÑавдано — еÑли Ð²Ñ Ð²Ð½Ð¾ÑиÑе кÑÑпнÑе Ð¸Ð·Ð¼ÐµÐ½ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ Ð² ÑабоÑÑ Ð¿Ð¾Ð´ +лиÑензией без авÑоÑÑкого лева. ÐÑли веÑÑиÑ, коÑоÑÑÑ Ð²Ñ Ñоздали, знаÑиÑелÑно +полезнее, Ñем пеÑвонаÑалÑнаÑ, Ñо к ваÑей ÑабоÑе Ð¸Ð¼ÐµÐµÑ ÑмÑÑл пÑимениÑÑ +авÑоÑÑкое лево — по Ñем же <a +href="/copyleft/copyleft.ru.html">пÑиÑинам, по коÑоÑÑм Ð¼Ñ Ð¾Ð±ÑÑно ÑекомендÑем +авÑоÑÑкое лево</a>. ÐÑли Ð²Ñ Ð¾ÐºÐ°Ð·Ð°Ð»Ð¸ÑÑ Ð² Ñакой ÑиÑÑаÑии, ÑледÑйÑе, +пожалÑйÑÑа, наÑим ÑекомендаÑиÑм по лиÑензиÑÐ¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ñ Ð½Ð¾Ð²Ð¾Ð³Ð¾ пÑоекÑа.</p> + +<p>ÐÑли Ð²Ñ Ð¿Ð¾ какой Ð±Ñ Ñо ни бÑло пÑиÑине ÑеÑаеÑе вÑпÑÑкаÑÑ Ñвои доÑабоÑки под +дÑÑгой лиÑензией, Ð²Ñ Ð´Ð¾Ð»Ð¶Ð½Ñ ÑбедиÑÑÑÑ, ÑÑо пеÑвонаÑалÑÐ½Ð°Ñ Ð»Ð¸ÑÐµÐ½Ð·Ð¸Ñ Ð¿Ð¾Ð·Ð²Ð¾Ð»ÑÐµÑ +иÑполÑзоваÑÑ Ð¼Ð°ÑеÑиал на ÑÑловиÑÑ Ð²ÑбÑанной вами лиÑензии. ЧÑÐ¾Ð±Ñ ÑвеÑÑи к +минимÑÐ¼Ñ Ð²Ð»Ð¸Ñние на дÑÑÐ³Ð¸Ñ , ÑкажиÑе Ñвно, ÐºÐ°ÐºÐ°Ñ Ð»Ð¸ÑÐµÐ½Ð·Ð¸Ñ ÑаÑпÑоÑÑÑанÑеÑÑÑ Ð½Ð° +какие ÑаÑÑи ÑабоÑÑ.</p> + +<h3 id="software">ÐÑогÑаммÑ</h3> + +<p>ÐÑ ÑекомендÑем ÑазнÑе лиÑензии Ð´Ð»Ñ ÑазнÑÑ Ð¿ÑоекÑов в завиÑимоÑÑи, главнÑм +обÑазом, Ð¾Ñ Ð½Ð°Ð·Ð½Ð°ÑÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ Ð¿ÑогÑамм. Ð Ñелом Ð¼Ñ ÑекомендÑем пÑименÑÑÑ Ð»Ð¸ÑÐµÐ½Ð·Ð¸Ñ Ñ +наиболее ÑилÑнÑм авÑоÑÑким левом, коÑоÑое не меÑало Ð±Ñ Ð½Ð°Ð·Ð½Ð°ÑÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ +пÑогÑамм. РнаÑем оÑеÑке <a href="/copyleft/copyleft.ru.html">“ЧÑо +Ñакое авÑоÑÑкое лево?”</a> подÑобнее ÑазÑÑÑнÑеÑÑÑ Ð¿Ð¾Ð½ÑÑие авÑоÑÑкого +лева и ÑаÑÑказÑваеÑÑÑ, поÑÐµÐ¼Ñ ÑÑо, как пÑавило, наилÑÑÑÐ°Ñ ÑÑÑаÑÐµÐ³Ð¸Ñ +лиÑензиÑованиÑ.</p> + +<p>ÐÑÑÑ ÑолÑко паÑа ÑазновидноÑÑей пÑоекÑов, в коÑоÑÑÑ , как Ð¼Ñ Ð´Ñмаем, вообÑе +не должно бÑÑÑ Ð°Ð²ÑоÑÑкого лева. ÐеÑвÑй — оÑÐµÐ½Ñ Ð½ÐµÐ±Ð¾Ð»ÑÑие +пÑоекÑÑ. ÐÐ»Ñ Ð¿ÑимеÑной оÑенки Ð¼Ñ ÑÑавниваем ÑÐ°Ð·Ð¼ÐµÑ Ð¸ÑÑ Ð¾Ð´Ð½Ð¾Ð³Ð¾ ÑекÑÑа пÑоекÑа +Ñ ÑазмеÑом ÑекÑÑа GPL. Ðогда иÑÑ Ð¾Ð´Ð½Ñй ÑекÑÑ Ð½ÐµÐ½Ð°Ð¼Ð½Ð¾Ð³Ð¾ болÑÑе лиÑензии, +вÑÐ³Ð¾Ð´Ñ Ð°Ð²ÑоÑÑкого лева обÑÑно ÑлиÑком малÑ, ÑÑÐ¾Ð±Ñ Ð¾Ð¿ÑавдаÑÑ Ð½ÐµÑдобÑÑва, +ÑвÑзаннÑе Ñ Ð½ÐµÐ¾Ð±Ñ Ð¾Ð´Ð¸Ð¼Ð¾ÑÑÑÑ Ð²Ñегда ÑопÑовождаÑÑ Ð¿ÑогÑÐ°Ð¼Ð¼Ñ ÐºÐ¾Ð¿Ð¸ÐµÐ¹ лиÑензии.</p> + +<p>ÐÑоÑой — пÑоекÑÑ, коÑоÑÑе ÑеализÑÑÑ ÑвободнÑе ÑÑандаÑÑÑ, +конкÑÑиÑÑÑÑие Ñ Ð½ÐµÑвободнÑми ÑÑандаÑÑами, Ñакие, как Ðгг ÐоÑÐ±Ð¸Ñ (коÑоÑÑй +конкÑÑиÑÑÐµÑ Ñ ÑоÑмаÑом звÑка MP3) и ÐебР(конкÑÑиÑÑÑÑий Ñ Ð²Ð¸Ð´ÐµÐ¾ÑоÑмаÑом +MPEG-4). ÐÐ»Ñ ÑÑÐ¸Ñ Ð¿ÑоекÑов ÑиÑокое пÑименение иÑÑ Ð¾Ð´Ð½ÑÑ ÑекÑÑов жизненно +важно Ð´Ð»Ñ ÑодейÑÑÐ²Ð¸Ñ Ð´ÐµÐ»Ñ Ñвободного пÑогÑаммного обеÑпеÑениÑ; оно пÑиноÑÐ¸Ñ +болÑÑе полÑзÑ, Ñем пÑинеÑло Ð±Ñ Ð¿Ð¾Ð¼ÐµÑение пÑогÑамм пÑоекÑа под дейÑÑвие +авÑоÑÑкого лева.</p> + +<p>Ð ÑÑÐ¸Ñ Ð¾ÑобÑÑ ÑлÑÑаÑÑ , Ð´Ð»Ñ ÐºÐ¾ÑоÑÑÑ Ð°Ð²ÑоÑÑкое лево не Ð¿Ð¾Ð´Ñ Ð¾Ð´Ð¸Ñ, Ð¼Ñ +ÑекомендÑем <a href="http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0">веÑÑÐ¸Ñ 2.0 +ÐиÑензии Apache</a>. ÐÑо либеÑалÑÐ½Ð°Ñ Ð½ÐµÐ·Ð°ÑиÑÐ½Ð°Ñ Ð»Ð¸ÑÐµÐ½Ð·Ð¸Ñ Ð¿ÑогÑамм, в коÑоÑой +еÑÑÑ ÑÑловиÑ, пÑедоÑвÑаÑаÑÑие пÑеÑÐ»ÐµÐ´Ð¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ñ Ñо ÑÑоÑÐ¾Ð½Ñ Ð²ÑоÑиÑнÑÑ +ÑазÑабоÑÑиков и ÑаÑпÑоÑÑÑаниÑелей за наÑÑÑение паÑенÑов. ÐÑо не Ð´ÐµÐ»Ð°ÐµÑ +пÑогÑÐ°Ð¼Ð¼Ñ Ð½ÐµÑÑвÑÑвиÑелÑнÑми к паÑенÑнÑм ÑгÑозам, но ÑÑо не не Ð´Ð°ÐµÑ +деÑжаÑелÑм паÑенÑов Ð¾Ñ “ловиÑÑ Ð½Ð° блеÑнє, когда они вÑпÑÑкаÑÑ +пÑогÑÐ°Ð¼Ð¼Ñ Ð½Ð° ÑвободнÑÑ ÑÑловиÑÑ , но ÑÑебÑÑÑ, ÑÑÐ¾Ð±Ñ Ð¿Ð¾Ð»ÑÑаÑели ÑоглаÑалиÑÑ Ð½Ð° +вÑплаÑÑ Ð¸Ð»Ð¸ дÑÑгие неÑвободнÑе ÑÑÐ»Ð¾Ð²Ð¸Ñ Ð¿Ð°ÑенÑной лиÑензии.</p> + +<p>Ðо вÑÐµÑ Ð¿ÑоÑÐ¸Ñ ÑлÑÑаÑÑ Ð¼Ñ ÑекомендÑем ÑÑ Ð¸Ð»Ð¸ инÑÑ ÑазновидноÑÑÑ Ð°Ð²ÑоÑÑкого +лева. ÐÑли Ð²Ð°Ñ Ð¿ÑÐ¾ÐµÐºÑ ÑвлÑеÑÑÑ Ð±Ð¸Ð±Ð»Ð¸Ð¾Ñекой и ÑазÑабоÑÑики Ñже пÑименÑÑÑ +ÑазвиÑÑÑ Ð°Ð»ÑÑеÑнаÑивнÑÑ Ð±Ð¸Ð±Ð»Ð¸Ð¾ÑÐµÐºÑ Ð¿Ð¾Ð´ неÑвободной или неогÑаниÑиÑелÑной +лиÑензией, Ñо Ð¼Ñ ÑекомендÑем <a href="/licenses/lgpl.html">ÐенÑÑÑÑ +ÑÑандаÑÑнÑÑ Ð»Ð¸ÑÐµÐ½Ð·Ð¸Ñ GNU (LGPL)</a>. РоÑлиÑие Ð¾Ñ ÑлÑÑаÑ, обÑÑждавÑегоÑÑ +вÑÑе, когда в пÑоекÑе ÑеализÑеÑÑÑ ÑÑандаÑÑ, ÑиÑокое пÑименение библиоÑеки +Ñамо по Ñебе здеÑÑ Ð½Ðµ доÑÑÐ¸Ð³Ð°ÐµÑ Ð½Ð¸ÐºÐ°ÐºÐ¾Ð¹ оÑобой Ñели, Ñак ÑÑо Ð½ÐµÑ Ð¿ÑиÑÐ¸Ð½Ñ +избегаÑÑ Ð°Ð²ÑоÑÑкого лева полноÑÑÑÑ. Ðднако еÑли Ð²Ñ Ð¿Ð¾Ð¿ÑоÑиÑе ÑазÑабоÑÑиков, +пÑименÑÑÑÐ¸Ñ Ð²Ð°ÑÑ Ð±Ð¸Ð±Ð»Ð¸Ð¾ÑекÑ, вÑпÑÑкаÑÑ Ð¸Ñ ÑабоÑÑ Ð¿Ð¾Ð´ полнÑм авÑоÑÑким левом, +они пÑоÑÑо ÑÑанÑÑ Ð¿Ð¾Ð»ÑзоваÑÑÑÑ Ð¾Ð´Ð½Ð¾Ð¹ из доÑÑÑпнÑÑ Ð°Ð»ÑÑеÑнаÑив, а ÑÑо ниÑем +не Ð¿Ð¾Ð¼Ð¾Ð¶ÐµÑ Ð½Ð°ÑÐµÐ¼Ñ Ð´ÐµÐ»Ñ. ÐенÑÑÐ°Ñ GPL бÑла ÑоÑÑавлена, ÑÑÐ¾Ð±Ñ Ð·Ð°Ð¿Ð¾Ð»Ð½Ð¸ÑÑ +пÑомежÑÑок Ð¼ÐµÐ¶Ð´Ñ ÑÑими ÑлÑÑаÑми, позволив ÑазÑабоÑÑикам неÑвободнÑÑ Ð¿ÑогÑамм +полÑзоваÑÑÑÑ Ð±Ð¸Ð±Ð»Ð¸Ð¾Ñекой под ÑÑой лиÑензией, но пÑедоÑÑавлÑÑ Ñлабое +авÑоÑÑкое лево, вÑÐ³Ð¾Ð´Ñ Ð¾Ñ ÐºÐ¾ÑоÑого могÑÑ Ð¿Ð¾Ð»ÑÑаÑÑ Ð¿Ð¾Ð»ÑзоваÑели, когда +библиоÑÐµÐºÑ Ð¸ÑполÑзÑÑÑ Ð¾Ð½Ð¸. ÐÑли Ð²Ñ Ñ Ð¾ÑиÑе ÑзнаÑÑ Ð¿Ð¾Ð´Ñобнее о наÑÐ¸Ñ +ÑообÑажениÑÑ Ð½Ð°ÑÑÐµÑ ÑÑÐ¸Ñ ÑлÑÑаев, пÑоÑÑиÑе ÑÑаÑÑÑ <a +href="/licenses/why-not-lgpl.ru.html">“ÐоÑÐµÐ¼Ñ Ð²Ð°Ð¼ не ÑледÑÐµÑ Ð¿ÑименÑÑÑ +ÐенÑÑÑÑ GPL Ð´Ð»Ñ Ñвоей ÑледÑÑÑей библиоÑеки”</a>.</p> + +<p>ÐÑли веÑоÑÑно, ÑÑо пÑогÑÐ°Ð¼Ð¼Ñ Ð²Ð°Ñего пÑоекÑа бÑдÑÑ Ð²ÑполнÑÑÑÑÑ Ð½Ð° ÑеÑвеÑе +поÑле Ñого, как дÑÑгие ÑлÑÑÑÐ°Ñ Ð¸Ñ , и взаимодейÑÑвоваÑÑ Ñ Ð¿Ð¾Ð»ÑзоваÑелÑми по +ÑеÑи, и Ð²Ð°Ñ Ð±ÐµÑпокоиÑ, ÑÑо в ÑезÑлÑÑаÑе менÑÑе ÑазÑабоÑÑиков бÑдÑÑ Ð²Ð½Ð¾ÑиÑÑ +вклад в пÑбликÑемÑе веÑÑии, Ñо Ð¼Ñ ÑекомендÑем <a +href="/licenses/agpl.html">СÑандаÑÑнÑÑ Ð¾Ð±ÑеÑÑвеннÑÑ Ð»Ð¸ÑÐµÐ½Ð·Ð¸Ñ GNU ÐÑÑеÑо +(AGPL)</a>. УÑÐ»Ð¾Ð²Ð¸Ñ AGPL и GPL поÑÑи иденÑиÑнÑ; единÑÑвенное ÑÑÑеÑÑвенное +ÑазлиÑие ÑоÑÑÐ¾Ð¸Ñ Ð² Ñом, ÑÑо в AGPL еÑÑÑ Ð´Ð¾Ð¿Ð¾Ð»Ð½Ð¸ÑелÑное ÑÑловие, напиÑанное +Ð´Ð»Ñ Ñого, ÑÑÐ¾Ð±Ñ Ð³Ð°ÑанÑиÑоваÑÑ, ÑÑо лÑди, полÑзÑÑÑиеÑÑ Ð¿ÑогÑаммой по ÑеÑи, +ÑмогÑÑ Ð¿Ð¾Ð»ÑÑиÑÑ ÐµÐµ иÑÑ Ð¾Ð´Ð½Ñй ÑекÑÑ. ÐÑо ÑÑловие не ÑеÑÐ°ÐµÑ Ð²ÑÐµÑ Ð¿Ñоблем, +коÑоÑÑе могÑÑ Ð²Ð¾Ð·Ð½Ð¸ÐºÐ½ÑÑÑ, когда полÑзоваÑели пÑоводÑÑ Ñвои вÑÑиÑÐ»ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ Ð½Ð° +ÑеÑвеÑе — оно не пÑÐµÐ´Ð¾Ñ ÑанÑÐµÑ Ð¿Ð¾Ð»ÑзоваÑелей Ð¾Ñ <a +href="/philosophy/who-does-that-server-really-serve.ru.html">вÑеда, +наноÑимого пÑогÑаммами-ÑÑлÑгами</a>,— но оно Ð´ÐµÐ»Ð°ÐµÑ Ð´Ð»Ñ ÑÑого вÑе, ÑÑо +можно ÑделаÑÑ Ð² лиÑензии. ÐодÑобнее об ÑÑÐ¸Ñ Ð²Ð¾Ð¿ÑоÑÐ°Ñ Ñм. в ÑÑаÑÑе <a +href="/licenses/why-affero-gpl.html">“ÐоÑÐµÐ¼Ñ GPL ÐÑÑеÑо?”</a></p> + +<p>Ðо вÑÐµÑ Ð´ÑÑÐ³Ð¸Ñ ÑлÑÑаÑÑ Ð¼Ñ ÑекомендÑем вам пÑименÑÑÑ Ð´Ð»Ñ Ñвоего пÑоекÑа +поÑледнÑÑ Ð²ÐµÑÑÐ¸Ñ <a href="/licenses/gpl.html">СÑандаÑÑной обÑеÑÑвенной +лиÑензии GNU (GPL)</a>. Ðе ÑилÑное авÑоÑÑкое лево Ð¿Ð¾Ð´Ñ Ð¾Ð´Ð¸Ñ ÐºÐ¾ вÑем видам +пÑогÑамм и пÑедÑÑмаÑÑÐ¸Ð²Ð°ÐµÑ Ð¼Ð½Ð¾Ð³Ð¾ÑиÑленнÑе меÑÑ Ð¾Ñ ÑÐ°Ð½Ñ ÑÐ²Ð¾Ð±Ð¾Ð´Ñ Ð¿Ð¾Ð»ÑзоваÑелей.</p> + +<h3 id="documentation">ÐокÑменÑаÑиÑ</h3> + +<p>ÐÐ»Ñ Ð´Ð¾ÐºÑменÑаÑии Ð¼Ñ ÑекомендÑем <a href="/licenses/fdl.html">ÐиÑÐµÐ½Ð·Ð¸Ñ +Ñвободной докÑменÑаÑии GNU (FDL)</a>. ÐÑо лиÑÐµÐ½Ð·Ð¸Ñ Ñ ÑилÑнÑм авÑоÑÑким левом +Ð´Ð»Ñ ÑÐ°Ð±Ð¾Ñ Ð¾Ð±ÑазоваÑелÑного Ñ Ð°ÑакÑеÑа. ÐеÑвонаÑалÑно она бÑла ÑоÑÑавлена Ð´Ð»Ñ +ÑÑководÑÑв по пÑогÑаммам. Ðна вклÑÑÐ°ÐµÑ Ð² ÑÐµÐ±Ñ Ð¾ÑобÑе ÑÑловиÑ, коÑоÑÑе ÑеÑаÑÑ +обÑÑнÑе пÑоблемÑ, возникаÑÑие пÑи ÑаÑпÑоÑÑÑанении и модиÑикаÑии ÑÐ°ÐºÐ¸Ñ ÑабоÑ.</p> + +<p>Ðногда докÑменÑаÑÐ¸Ñ ÑодеÑÐ¶Ð¸Ñ Ð¸ÑÑ Ð¾Ð´Ð½Ñй ÑекÑÑ Ð¿ÑогÑамм. ÐапÑимеÑ, ÑÑководÑÑво +по ÑзÑÐºÑ Ð¿ÑогÑаммиÑÐ¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ñ Ð¼Ð¾Ð¶ÐµÑ ÑодеÑжаÑÑ Ð¿ÑимеÑÑ, коÑоÑÑм могли Ð±Ñ +ÑледоваÑÑ ÑиÑаÑели. ÐÑи ÑекÑÑÑ ÑледÑÐµÑ Ð²ÐºÐ»ÑÑаÑÑ Ð² ÑÑководÑÑво на ÑÑловиÑÑ +FDL, а Ñакже вÑпÑÑкаÑÑ Ð¿Ð¾Ð´ дÑÑгой лиÑензией, Ð¿Ð¾Ð´Ñ Ð¾Ð´ÑÑей Ð´Ð»Ñ Ð¿ÑогÑамм. ÐÑо +Ð¿Ð¾Ð¼Ð¾Ð³Ð°ÐµÑ Ð¾Ð±Ð»ÐµÐ³ÑиÑÑ Ð¿Ñименение ÑекÑÑов в дÑÑÐ³Ð¸Ñ Ð¿ÑоекÑÐ°Ñ . ÐÑ ÑекомендÑем вам +помеÑаÑÑ Ð½ÐµÐ±Ð¾Ð»ÑÑие оÑÑÑвки пÑогÑамм в обÑеÑÑвенное доÑÑоÑние Ñ Ð¿Ð¾Ð¼Ð¾ÑÑÑ <a +href="http://creativecommons.org/about/cc0">CC0</a>, а более кÑÑпнÑе оÑÑÑвки +ÑаÑпÑоÑÑÑанÑÑÑ Ð¿Ð¾Ð´ Ñой же лиÑензией, коÑоÑой полÑзÑеÑÑÑ ÑвÑзаннÑй Ñ +ÑÑководÑÑвом пÑогÑаммнÑй пÑоекÑ.</p> + +<h3 id="data">ÐÑоÑие даннÑе Ð´Ð»Ñ Ð¿ÑогÑамм</h3> + +<p>Ð ÑÑом Ñазделе обÑÑждаÑÑÑÑ Ð²Ñе пÑоÑие ÑабоÑÑ Ð¿ÑакÑиÑеÑкого знаÑениÑ, коÑоÑÑе +Ð²Ñ Ð¼Ð¾Ð³Ð»Ð¸ Ð±Ñ Ð¿ÑиÑоединÑÑÑ Ðº пÑогÑаммам. РкаÑеÑÑве пÑимеÑов можно пÑивеÑÑи +пикÑогÑÐ°Ð¼Ð¼Ñ Ð¸ дÑÑгие ÑÑнкÑионалÑнÑе и пÑикладнÑе изобÑажениÑ, ÑÑиÑÑÑ Ð¸ +геогÑаÑиÑеÑкие даннÑе. ÐÑи ÑекомендаÑии не оÑноÑÑÑÑÑ Ð½Ð¸ к оÑенкам или +изÑÑвлениÑм мнениÑ, ни к Ñ ÑдожеÑÑвеннÑм пÑоизведениÑм ÑÑÑеÑиÑеÑкого +Ñ Ð°ÑакÑеÑа, коÑоÑÑе не неÑÑÑ ÑÑнкÑионалÑной или обÑазоваÑелÑной нагÑÑзки.</p> + +<p>ÐÑли Ð²Ñ ÑоздаеÑе ÑÑи ÑабоÑÑ ÑпеÑиалÑно Ð´Ð»Ñ Ð¿ÑÐ¸Ð¼ÐµÐ½ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ Ð² пÑогÑÐ°Ð¼Ð¼Ð°Ñ , Ð¼Ñ Ð² +обÑем ÑекомендÑем вам вÑпÑÑкаÑÑ ÑÐ²Ð¾Ñ ÑабоÑÑ Ð¿Ð¾Ð´ Ñой же лиÑензией, ÑÑо и +пÑогÑаммÑ. ÐÑли Ð²Ñ Ð¿Ð¾Ð»ÑзÑеÑеÑÑ Ð»Ð¸ÑензиÑми, коÑоÑÑе Ð¼Ñ ÑекомендÑем, ÑÑо не +пÑедÑÑавлÑÐµÑ Ð·Ð°ÑÑÑднений: и GPLv3, и LGPLv3, и AGPLv3, и GPLv2 можно +пÑименÑÑÑ Ð´Ð»Ñ Ð»Ñбого Ñода ÑÐ°Ð±Ð¾Ñ — а не ÑолÑко Ð´Ð»Ñ +пÑогÑамм — коÑоÑÑе могÑÑ Ð±ÑÑÑ Ð¾Ð±ÑекÑами авÑоÑÑкого пÑава и Ð´Ð»Ñ +коÑоÑÑÑ ÑÑно, ÑÑо Ñакое ÑоÑма, пÑедпоÑÑиÑелÑÐ½Ð°Ñ Ð´Ð»Ñ Ð²Ð½ÐµÑÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ +изменений. ÐÑименение Ñой же Ñамой лиÑензии Ð¿Ð¾Ð¼Ð¾Ð¶ÐµÑ Ð¾Ð±Ð»ÐµÐ³ÑиÑÑ ÑдовлеÑвоÑение +ÑÑебований ÑаÑпÑоÑÑÑаниÑелÑми и ÑÐ½Ð¸Ð¼Ð°ÐµÑ ÑÐ¾Ð¼Ð½ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ Ð¾ возможнÑÑ Ð¿ÑÐ¾Ð±Ð»ÐµÐ¼Ð°Ñ +ÑовмеÑÑимоÑÑи. ÐÑименение дÑÑгой Ñвободной лиÑензии Ð¼Ð¾Ð¶ÐµÑ Ð±ÑÑÑ ÑмеÑÑно, еÑли +ÑÑо пÑедоÑÑавлÑÐµÑ Ð½ÐµÐºÐ¾ÑоÑÑе оÑобÑе пÑакÑиÑеÑкие вÑÐ³Ð¾Ð´Ñ — Ñакие, +как ÑлÑÑÑение ÑоÑÑÑдниÑеÑÑва Ñ Ð´ÑÑгими ÑвободнÑми пÑоекÑами.</p> + +<p>ÐÑли ваÑа ÑабоÑа не ÑоздаеÑÑÑ Ð´Ð»Ñ Ð¿ÑÐ¸Ð¼ÐµÐ½ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ Ñ ÐºÐ¾Ð½ÐºÑеÑнÑми пÑогÑаммами или +еÑли иÑполÑзование Ñой же лиÑензии, ÑÑо и Ð´Ð»Ñ Ð¿ÑогÑамм, неÑмеÑÑно, Ñо Ð¼Ñ +можем ÑолÑко поÑекомендоваÑÑ Ð²Ð°Ð¼ вÑбÑаÑÑ Ð¿Ð¾Ð´Ñ Ð¾Ð´ÑÑÑÑ Ð´Ð»Ñ Ð²Ð°Ñей ÑабоÑÑ +лиÑÐµÐ½Ð·Ð¸Ñ Ñ Ð°Ð²ÑоÑÑким левом. ÐекоÑоÑÑе из Ð½Ð¸Ñ <a +href="/licenses/license-list.html#OtherLicenses">пеÑеÑиÑÐ»ÐµÐ½Ñ Ð² наÑем ÑпиÑке +лиÑензий</a>. ÐÑли Ð½Ð¸ÐºÐ°ÐºÐ°Ñ Ð»Ð¸ÑÐµÐ½Ð·Ð¸Ñ Ð½Ðµ кажеÑÑÑ Ð¾Ñобенно Ð¿Ð¾Ð´Ñ Ð¾Ð´ÑÑей, Ñо +лиÑÐµÐ½Ð·Ð¸Ñ <a href="/licenses/license-list.html#ccbysa">Creative Commons +Attribution-ShareAlike</a> ÑвлÑеÑÑÑ Ð»Ð¸Ñензией Ñ Ð°Ð²ÑоÑÑким левом, коÑоÑÑÑ +можно иÑполÑзоваÑÑ Ð´Ð»Ñ Ð¼Ð½Ð¾Ð¶ÐµÑÑва ÑазнÑÑ Ð²Ð¸Ð´Ð¾Ð² ÑабоÑ.</p> + + +<div style="font-size: small;"> + +<!--TRANSLATORS: Use space (SPC) as msgstr if you don't have notes.--> + </div> +</div> + +<!--#include virtual="/server/footer.ru.html" --> +<div id="footer"> + +<p>ÐожалÑйÑÑа, пÑиÑÑлайÑе запÑоÑÑ ÑÐ¾Ð½Ð´Ñ Ð¸ GNU по адÑеÑÑ <a +href="mailto:g...@gnu.org"><g...@gnu.org></a>. ÐÑÑÑ Ñакже <a +href="/contact/">дÑÑгие ÑпоÑÐ¾Ð±Ñ ÑвÑзаÑÑÑÑ</a> Ñ Ñондом.<br /> +ÐожалÑйÑÑа, пÑиÑÑлайÑе оÑÑеÑÑ Ð¾ неÑабоÑаÑÑÐ¸Ñ ÑÑÑÐ»ÐºÐ°Ñ Ð¸ дÑÑгие попÑавки или +пÑÐµÐ´Ð»Ð¾Ð¶ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ Ð¿Ð¾ адÑеÑÑ <a +href="mailto:web-translat...@gnu.org"><web-translat...@gnu.org></a>.</p> + +<p>Ð¡Ð²ÐµÐ´ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ Ð¿Ð¾ кооÑдинаÑии и пÑедложениÑм пеÑеводов ÑÑой ÑÑаÑÑи Ñм. в <a +href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">“Ð ÑководÑÑве по +пеÑеводам”</a>.</p> + +<p>Copyright © 2011 Free Software Foundation, Inc.</p> + +<p>ÐÑо пÑоизведение доÑÑÑпно по <a rel="license" +href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/3.0/us/deed.ru">лиÑензии +Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivs (<em>ÐÑÑибÑÑÐ¸Ñ — Ðез +пÑоизводнÑÑ Ð¿Ñоизведений</em>) 3.0 СШÐ</a>. +</p> + + +<div class="translators-credits"> + +<!--TRANSLATORS: Use space (SPC) as msgstr if you don't want credits.--> + </div> + + + <p> +<!-- timestamp start --> +Ðбновлено: + +$Date: 2011/11/09 17:34:54 $ + +<!-- timestamp end --> +</p> +</div> + +<!-- <div id="translations"> + --> +<!-- <h4> +Translations of this page</h4> --> +<!-- --> +<!-- Please keep this list alphabetical by language code. --> +<!-- Comment what the language is for each type, i.e. de is German. --> +<!-- Write the language name in its own language (Deutsch) in the text. --> +<!-- If you add a new language here, please --> +<!-- advise web-translat...@gnu.org and add it to --> +<!-- - /home/www/html/server/standards/README.translations.html --> +<!-- - one of the lists under the section "Translations Underway" --> +<!-- - if there is a translation team, you also have to add an alias --> +<!-- to mail.gnu.org:/com/mailer/aliases --> +<!-- Please also check you have the language code right; see: --> +<!-- http://www.loc.gov/standards/iso639-2/php/code_list.php --> +<!-- If the 2-letter ISO 639-1 code is not available, --> +<!-- use the 3-letter ISO 639-2. --> +<!-- Please use W3C normative character entities. --> +<!-- --> +<!-- <gnun> + +<ul class="translations-list"> --> +<!-- English --> +<!-- <li><a href="/licenses/license-recommendations.html">English</a> [en]</li> --> +<!-- </ul> +</gnun> --> +<!-- </div> + --> +</div> +</body> +</html> Index: po/license-recommendations.ru-en.html =================================================================== RCS file: po/license-recommendations.ru-en.html diff -N po/license-recommendations.ru-en.html --- /dev/null 1 Jan 1970 00:00:00 -0000 +++ po/license-recommendations.ru-en.html 9 Nov 2011 17:35:12 -0000 1.1 @@ -0,0 +1,217 @@ +<!--#include virtual="/server/header.html" --> +<title>How to choose a license for your own work - GNU Project - Free Software Foundation (FSF)</title> +<!--#include virtual="/server/banner.html" --> +<!--#include virtual="/licenses/po/license-recommendations.translist" --> +<h2>How to choose a license for your own work</h2> + +<h3 id="intro">Introduction</h3> + +<p>People often ask us what license we recommend they use for their +project. We've written about this publicly before, but the +information has been scattered around between different essays, FAQ +entries, and license commentaries. This article collects all that +information into a single source, to make it easier for people to +follow and refer back to.</p> + +<p>The recommendations below are focused on licensing a work that you +create—whether that's a modification of an existing work, or a +new original work. These recommendations do not address the issue of +combining existing material under different licenses. If you're +looking for help with that, please check <a href="/licenses/gpl-faq.html">our license FAQ</a>.</p> + +<h3 id="contributing">Contributing to an existing project</h3> + +<p>When you contribute to an existing project, you should usually release +your modified versions under the same license as the original work. +It's good to cooperate with the project's maintainers, and using a +different license for your modifications often makes that cooperation +very difficult. You should only do that when there is a strong reason +to justify it.</p> + +<p>One case where using a different license can be justified is when you make +major changes to a work under a non-copyleft license. If the version you've +created is considerably more useful than the original, then it's worth +copylefting your work, for all the same +<a href="/copyleft/copyleft.html">reasons we normally recommend +copyleft</a>. If you are in this situation, please follow the +recommendations below for licensing a new project.</p> + +<p>If you choose to release your contributions under a different license +for whatever reason, you must make sure that the original license +allows use of the material under your chosen license. +To minimize the impact on others, +show explicitly which parts of the work are under which license.</p> + +<h3 id="software">Software</h3> + +<p>We recommend different licenses for different projects, depending +mostly on the software's purpose. In general, we recommend using the +strongest copyleft license that doesn't interfere with that purpose. +Our essay <a href="/copyleft/copyleft.html">“What +is Copyleft?”</a> explains the +concept of copyleft in more detail, and why it is generally the best +licensing strategy.</p> + +<p>There are only a couple of kinds of projects that we think should not +have any copyleft at all. The first is very small projects. As a +rough benchmark, we compare the project's source code to the text of +the GPL. When the source code is not much larger than the license, +the benefits provided by copyleft are usually too small to justify the +inconvenience of making sure a copy of the license always accompanies +the software.</p> + +<p>The second is projects that implement free standards that are +competing against proprietary standards, such as Ogg Vorbis (which +competes against MP3 audio) and WebM (which competes against MPEG-4 +video). For these projects, widespread use of the code is vital for +advancing the cause of free software, and does more good than a +copyleft on the project's code would do.</p> + +<p>In these special situations where copyleft is not appropriate, we recommend +the <a href="http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0">Apache License 2.0</a>. This is a permissive, non-protective +software license that has terms to prevent contributors and distributors +from suing for patent infringement. This doesn't make the software immune +to threats from patents, but it does prevent patent holders from setting up a +“bait and switch” where they release the software under free +terms, but require recipients to agree to royalties or other nonfree terms +in a patent license.</p> + +<p>In all other cases, we recommend some kind of copyleft. If your project is +a library, and developers are already using an established alternative library +released under a nonfree or permissive license, then we recommend using +the <a href="/licenses/lgpl.html">GNU Lesser General Public License (LGPL)</a>. Unlike the case +discussed earlier where the project implements a standard, here adoption +for its own sake will not accomplish any particular goal, so there's no +reason to avoid copyleft entirely. However, if you ask developers who +use your library to release their work under a full copyleft, they'll simply use one of the +alternatives available, and that won't advance our cause either. The +Lesser GPL was designed to fill the middle ground between these cases, +allowing proprietary software developers to use the covered library, but +providing a weak copyleft that benefits users when they do. If you want to +learn more about our thinking in these cases, read <a href="/licenses/why-not-lgpl.html">“Why you +shouldn't use the Lesser GPL for your next library”</a>.</p> + +<p>If your project could likely be run on a server after others improve +it, interacting with its users over a network, and you're concerned +that fewer developers will contribute to the released versions as a result, we +recommend the <a href="/licenses/agpl.html">GNU Affero General Public License (AGPL)</a>. The +AGPL's terms are almost identical to the GPL's; the sole substantive +difference is that it has an extra condition designed to ensure that +people who use the software over a network will be able to get the +source code for it. This condition doesn't address every problem that +can arise when users do their computing on a server—it won't +stop users from being <a href="/philosophy/who-does-that-server-really-serve.html">harmed by Software as a +Service</a>—but it accomplishes as much as a license can. To +learn more about these issues, read <a href="/licenses/why-affero-gpl.html">“Why the Affero +GPL”</a>.</p> + +<p>In all other cases, we recommend that you use the most recent version +of the <a href="/licenses/gpl.html">GNU General Public License (GPL)</a> for your project. Its +strong copyleft is appropriate for all kinds of software, and includes +numerous protections for users' freedom.</p> + +<h3 id="documentation">Documentation</h3> + +<p>We recommend the <a href="/licenses/fdl.html">GNU Free Documentation License (FDL)</a> for +documentation. It's a strong copyleft license for educational works, +initially written for software manuals, and includes terms which +specifically address common issues that arise when those works are +distributed or modified.</p> + +<p>Some documentation includes software source code. For instance, a manual +for a programming language might include examples for readers to follow. +You should both include these in the manual under the FDL's terms, and +release them under another license that's appropriate for software. Doing +so helps make it easy to use the code in other projects. We recommend that +you dedicate small pieces of code to the public domain using <a href="http://creativecommons.org/about/cc0">CC0</a>, and +distribute larger pieces under the same license that the associated +software project uses.</p> + +<h3 id="data">Other data for programs</h3> + +<p>This section discusses all other works for practical use that you +might include with software. To give you some examples, this includes +icons and other functional or useful graphics, fonts, and geographic +data. These recommendations do not concern artistic works that +have an aesthetic (rather than functional or educational) purpose, or +statements of opinion or judgment.</p> + +<p>If you are creating these works specifically for use with a software +project, we generally recommend that you release your work under the +same license as the software. There is no problem in doing so +with the licenses we have recommended: +GPLv3, LGPLv3, AGPLv3, and GPLv2 can all be applied to any kind of +work—not just software—that is copyrightable and has a clear +preferred form for modification. Using the same license as the +software will help make compliance easier for distributors, and avoids +any doubt about potential compatibility issues. Using a different +free license may be appropriate if it provides some specific practical +benefit, like better cooperation with other free projects.</p> + +<p>If your work is not being created for use with a particular software +project, or if it wouldn't be appropriate to use the same license as +the project, then we only recommend that you choose a copyleft license +that's appropriate for your work. We have some of these <a href="/licenses/license-list.html#OtherLicenses">listed on +our license list</a>. If no license seems especially +appropriate, the <a href="/licenses/license-list.html#ccbysa">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike</a> +license is a copyleft that can be used for many different kinds of +works.</p> + +</div> +<!--#include virtual="/server/footer.html" --> + +<div id="footer"> + +<p>Please send general FSF & GNU inquiries to +<a href="mailto:g...@gnu.org"><g...@gnu.org></a>. +There are also <a href="/contact/">other ways to contact</a> +the FSF.<br /> +Please send broken links and other corrections or suggestions to +<a href="mailto:webmast...@gnu.org"><webmast...@gnu.org></a>.</p> + +<p>Please see the <a +href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations +README</a> for information on coordinating and submitting translations +of this article.</p> + +<p>Copyright © 2011 Free Software Foundation, Inc.</p> + +<p>This page is licensed under a <a rel="license" +href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/3.0/us/">Creative +Commons Attribution-NoDerivs 3.0 United States License</a>. +</p> + +<p> +Updated: +<!-- timestamp start --> +$Date: 2011/11/09 17:35:12 $ +<!-- timestamp end --> +</p> +</div> + +<!-- <div id="translations"> --> +<!-- <h4>Translations of this page</h4> --> +<!-- --> +<!-- Please keep this list alphabetical by language code. --> +<!-- Comment what the language is for each type, i.e. de is German. --> +<!-- Write the language name in its own language (Deutsch) in the text. --> +<!-- If you add a new language here, please --> +<!-- advise web-translat...@gnu.org and add it to --> +<!-- - /home/www/html/server/standards/README.translations.html --> +<!-- - one of the lists under the section "Translations Underway" --> +<!-- - if there is a translation team, you also have to add an alias --> +<!-- to mail.gnu.org:/com/mailer/aliases --> +<!-- Please also check you have the language code right; see: --> +<!-- http://www.loc.gov/standards/iso639-2/php/code_list.php --> +<!-- If the 2-letter ISO 639-1 code is not available, --> +<!-- use the 3-letter ISO 639-2. --> +<!-- Please use W3C normative character entities. --> +<!-- --> +<!-- <ul class="translations-list"> --> +<!-- English --> +<!-- <li><a href="/licenses/license-recommendations.html">English</a> [en]</li> --> +<!-- </ul> --> +<!-- </div> --> +</div> +</body> +</html>