You are mostly correct, =rural is for quarter areas (that are bonded by streets 
and have no streets inside) that contain mostly one- or two-level houses, and 
=urban is for bigger (~4-5 levels), usually detached apartment buildings. The 
value of the tag is mostly used to assume height of buildings and in population 
density calculations. In high-rise areas and inner city blocks, buildings 
usually have more detailed tagging, that includes their height, type and 
possibly even number of entrances. These areas should also have 
residential=urban on their landuse.

The value is easy to determine from aerial imagery, so it allows for better 
area markup without surveying each building’s parameters.

Ilya

> On 11 Apr 2019, at 08:45, Ture Pålsson <t...@turepalsson.se> wrote:
> 
> 2019-04-10 10:28 a écrit Joseph Eisenberg:
>> [...]
>> Does anyone feel like doing some research into how these tags is
>> actually used, so that the wiki page can match? Or has anyone used
>> this tag themselves?
> 
> I took a quick look in Sweden. There are only a few hundred of them (369, to 
> be exact, in my database), nearly(?) all by the same mapper. The 
> residential=rural ones seem to be single houses or small groups of houses in 
> the countryside. The residential=urban ones are mostly groups of detached 
> houses within a village or town (like this one: 
> https://www.openstreetmap.org/way/209513955). If that is "urban", I'm not 
> sure how to tag high-rise areas or inner-city blocks!
> 
> _______________________________________________
> Tagging mailing list
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> https://lists.openstreetmap.org/listinfo/tagging


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