Re: [R] how to control ticks

Hi Jim, Yes you are right, file$time is decimal date. In the attached plot I want to replace decimal date with proper time axis so I can show month ticks. Decimal date misleads sometime while interpretation. Data varies from Jan-Dec 2009. Thanks, Yogesh On Tue, Dec 21, 2010 at 9:57 PM, jim holt

Re: [R] zoo.read intraday data

Hi Gabor et al. the f3 <- function(...) as.POSIXct(paste(...), format = "%Y%m%d %H:%M:%S" ) helped me to read intraday data from file ## ,, ICE.BRN,ice.brn_m5,5,20100802,10:40:00,79.21000,79.26000,79.16000,79.2,238,0 ICE.BRN,ice.brn_m5,5,20100802,10:45:00,79.19000,79.26000,79.

[R] Estimate "between-axes" vs "within-axes heterogeneity of multivariate matrices

Hi! My question(s) in the end might be silly but I am no expert on this, so here it goes: Noy-Meir (1973), Pielou (1984) and a few others have pointed to non-centered PCA being in some cases useful. They clearly explain that "it is the case" when multi-dimensional data display distinct cluster

[R] Estimate "between-axes" vs "within-axes heterogeneity of multivariate matrices

Hi! My question(s) in the end might be silly but I am no expert on this, so here it goes: Noy-Meir (1973), Pielou (1984) and a few others have pointed to non-centered PCA being in some cases useful. They clearly explain that "it is the case" when multi-dimensional data display distinct cluster

Re: [R] how to control ticks

Em 21/12/2010 14:35, peter dalgaard escreveu: On Dec 21, 2010, at 17:01 , Edwin Groot wrote: On Tue, 21 Dec 2010 18:06:52 +0530 Yogesh Tiwari wrote: Hi, I want 12 ticks at axis 1 and want to write Jan-Dec on each. something like: axis(1, at=1:12, labels=c('J','F','M','A','M','J','J','A','S

Re: [R] please Help me on a repeated measures anova

Hi: I did the following (note a fix to the assumed typo in t + 0.5 -> T + 0.5) using the melt() function in package reshape2, the lattice graphics package and package lme4. I named your input data df. library(reshape) # or reshape2 if you have it # Fix the typo: df[4, 1] <- 'T+0.5' # Redefine

Re: [R] matrix indexing in 'for' loop?

To make your loop work, you need to learn about the get function. I'm not going to give you the details because there are better approaches available. First, let's make some data that will give values which can be verified. (All the correlations of the data you created are exactly equal to 1.)

[R] matrix indexing in 'for' loop?

Hi, I am having trouble with matrices. I have 2 matrices as given below, and I am interested in using these matrices inside "for" loops used to calculate correlations. I am creating a list with the names of the matrices assuming this list could be indexed inside the 'for' loop to retrieve the

Re: [R] how to see what's wrong with a self written function?

Here is what I get when I have: options(error=utils::recover) I always run with the option so that on an error, I get dumped in the browser to see what is happening. It appears that 'i == 3' when the error occurs and you can also see the values of 'x': > regulafalsi=function(f,x0,x1){ +

[R] installation of R/parallel package in win32/64

This is to summarize my workaround to install R/parallel in win32/64 boxes. Recently I had problems to install rparallel: 1. The package's Makevars.win coded include fixed path for Rtools 2. package is written in C++; Rtools and R are not intended to run g++ by default. My workaround: 1. Need t

[R] please Help me on a repeated measures anova

I currently work on a draft of an aquatic bioassessment. The conditions tested are the following: ER river water T dechlorinated water control 0.5 + 0.5mg / L of malate T + 1 dechlorinated water control + 1g / L of malate T ED dechlorinated water control SED + ER + river water sediment SED ED + se

Re: [R] Density plot with lattice?

Hi: Try this: densityplot( ~ height | voice.part, data = singer, layout = c(2, 4), xlab = "Height (inches)", bw = 5) densityplot( ~ height | voice.part, data = singer, layout = c(2, 4), xlab = "Height (inches)", bw = 5, plot.points = FALSE) The plot.points argument is a

[R] Link prediction in social network with R

Dear R users I'm a novice user of R and have absolutely no prior knowledge of social network analysis, so apologies if my question is trivial. I've spent alot of time trying to solve this on my own but I really can't so hope someone here can help me out. Cheers! The dataset: I'm trying to p

[R] randomForest: tuneRF error

Just curious if anyone else has got this error before, and if so, would know what I could do (if anything) to get past it: > mtry <- tuneRF(training, trainingdata$class, ntreeTry = 500, stepFactor = 2, > improve = 0.05, trace = TRUE, plot = TRUE, doBest = FALSE) mtry = 13 OOB error = 0.62% Searc

[R] Matching 2 SQL tables

Hi, I have a postgresql and a mysql database and I would like to combine the info from two different tables in R. Both databases contain a table with three columns: project_name, release_id and release_date. So each project output could be released multiple times (I am interested in the first rel

Re: [R] Performing basic Multiple Sequence Alignment in R?

> From: tal.gal...@gmail.com > Date: Tue, 21 Dec 2010 20:17:18 +0200 > Subject: Re: [R] Performing basic Multiple Sequence Alignment in R? > To: r-help@r-project.org > > > Dear Mike and Thomas, > > From what I gathered here (Thanks to Joris Meys): > http://stack

Re: [R] Write.table eol argument

At least on Windows, you need to open the file in "binary" mode (as opposed to "text" mode) to prevent the usual OS-dependent way of encoding end-of-line. E.g., > z <- data.frame(x=1:3, y=state.name[1:3]) > f <- file("tmp.csv", open="wb") > write.table(z, file=f, quote=FALSE, sep=";", eol="\

Re: [R] Keeping Leading Zeros, Treating numbers as text

Use the colClasses argument with a vector of character strings naming the types you want each column to have, and specify "character" for your id column. "James Splinter" wrote: >Hello, > >I have a data set, with some numerical values, some non-numerical data, >my >issue is that I need to prese

[R] Write.table eol argument

Hello All, R 2.11.1 Windows XP, 32-bit Help says that default is eol='\n'. To me, that represents Linefeed (LF) >From Help: eol the character(s) to print at the end of each line (row). For example, eol="\r\n" will produce Windows' line endings on a Unix-alike OS, and eol="\r" will produce

Re: [R] Keeping Leading Zeros, Treating numbers as text

On Dec 21, 2010, at 4:11 PM, Bert Gunter wrote: Try reading the csv file with, say, Notepad. I think you may find that the problem is that Excel assumes the column is numeric and strips off the zeros before saving the file. So you need to tell it that the ID columns are character before saving.

Re: [R] Keeping Leading Zeros, Treating numbers as text

James, How about sprintf('%05d', 210) It works for fixed length id numbers. Dave From: James Splinter To: R-help@r-project.org Date: 12/21/2010 02:44 PM Subject: [R] Keeping Leading Zeros, Treating numbers as text Sent by: r-help-boun...@r-project.org Hello, I have a data set, with so

Re: [R] Keeping Leading Zeros, Treating numbers as text

Try reading the csv file with, say, Notepad. I think you may find that the problem is that Excel assumes the column is numeric and strips off the zeros before saving the file. So you need to tell it that the ID columns are character before saving. Then you need to read the Help page for read.csv m

[R] Keeping Leading Zeros, Treating numbers as text

Hello, I have a data set, with some numerical values, some non-numerical data, my issue is that I need to preserve my ID numbers (numerics) with the leading zeros, but when I import the data into R (it's in .csv format) using the read.csv(" ") command, it turns all the ID numbers (Example: 00210)

Re: [R] how to see what's wrong with a self written function?

On 21/12/2010 2:39 PM, casperyc wrote: Hi all, I am writing a simple function to implement regularfalsi (secant) method. ### regulafalsi=function(f,x0,x1){ x=c() x[1]=x1 i=1 while ( f(x[i])!=0 ) { i=

Re: [R] lm() on a matrix of zoo series

Thanks, I was trying apply(TestZoo,2,lm,TestZoo~time(TestZoo)) which was throwing a formula error. On Tue, Dec 21, 2010 at 12:21 PM, Gabor Grothendieck < ggrothendi...@gmail.com> wrote: > On Tue, Dec 21, 2010 at 3:02 PM, steven mosher > wrote: > > I have a matrix of zoo series. each series

Re: [R] lm() on a matrix of zoo series

On Tue, Dec 21, 2010 at 3:02 PM, steven mosher wrote: > I have a matrix of zoo series. each series is in a column. >  x <- as.yearmon(2000 + seq(0, 23)/12) > # 24 months of data, lets make 20 sets of random data >  testData <- matrix(rnorm(480),ncol=20) > # make a zoo object and columns will hold

[R] lm() on a matrix of zoo series

I have a matrix of zoo series. each series is in a column. x <- as.yearmon(2000 + seq(0, 23)/12) # 24 months of data, lets make 20 sets of random data testData <- matrix(rnorm(480),ncol=20) # make a zoo object and columns will hold the 20 series TestZoo <- zoo(testData,order.by=x) # now run lm f

[R] Density plot with lattice?

Hi, Is it possible to remove the points at the base of a density plot?I would like to keep only the curves of the plot, not the points. Thank you. Marie-Helene HacheyM.Sc. studentUniversite Laval, Quebec __ R-h

[R] "variable lengths differ (found for '(weights)')" error in Zelig library

Dear R users, I am trying to estimate to estimate the average treatmen effect on the treated (ATT) using first the MatchIt software to weight the data set and, after this, the Zelig software as shown in Ho et al. (2007). See here for an explanation of how to apply this technique in R: http://imai

[R] how to see what's wrong with a self written function?

Hi all, I am writing a simple function to implement regularfalsi (secant) method. ### regulafalsi=function(f,x0,x1){ x=c() x[1]=x1 i=1 while ( f(x[i])!=0 ) { i=i+1 if (i==2) {

Re: [R] R.matlab memory use

On Tue, Dec 21, 2010 at 10:15 AM, Henrik Bengtsson wrote: > Hi, > > I am using Octave; what does that save options do, more specifically, > is compression taking place when saving that file? That should be: I am [not] using Octave... /H > > If compression is done, then the Rcompression package

Re: [R] Performing basic Multiple Sequence Alignment in R?

Hello David, Mike and Thomas Dear David, First, my apologies for the double posting - I'll try to not forget that policy. Regarding agrep, I think it will be easier for me to work with the functions on {Biostrings} (for example stringDist, or pairwiseAlignment), then to open up the C code. Dear

Re: [R] R.matlab memory use

Hi, I am using Octave; what does that save options do, more specifically, is compression taking place when saving that file? If compression is done, then the Rcompression package is utilized by R.matlab (otherwise not). BTW, you don't have to load Rcompression explicitly; R.matlab will do it for

Re: [R] logistic regression or not?

Ben, thanks again. John From: Ben Bolker Cc: r-h...@stat.math.ethz.ch; S Ellison ; peter dalgaard Sent: Tue, December 21, 2010 9:26:29 AM Subject: Re: [R] logistic regression or not? On 10-12-21 12:20 PM, array chip wrote: > Thank you Ben, Steve and Peter.

Re: [R] logistic regression or not?

On 10-12-21 12:20 PM, array chip wrote: > Thank you Ben, Steve and Peter. > > Ben, my last question was to see if there are other ways of analyzing > this type of data where the response variable is a proportion, in > addition to binomial regression. > > BTW, I also found the following is also

Re: [R] logistic regression or not?

Thank you Ben, Steve and Peter. Ben, my last question was to see if there are other ways of analyzing this type of data where the response variable is a proportion, in addition to binomial regression. BTW, I also found the following is also an equivalent model directly using percentage: gl

Re: [R] logistic regression or not?

>...and before you believe in overdispersion, make sure you have a credible explanation for it. All too often, what you really have >is a model that doesn't fit your data properly. Well put. A possible fortune? S Ellison *** Th

Re: [R] how to control ticks

I'm not sure, but perhaps you want to copy the logic of: http://www.portfolioprobe.com/R/blog/pp.timeplot.R On 21/12/2010 12:36, Yogesh Tiwari wrote: Hi, I want 12 ticks at axis 1 and want to write Jan-Dec on each. something like: axis(1, at=1:12, labels=c('J','F','M','A','M','J','J','A','S',

Re: [R] logistic regression or not?

On Dec 21, 2010, at 14:22 , S Ellison wrote: > A possible caveat here. > > Traditionally, logistic regression was performed on the > logit-transformed proportions, with the standard errors based on the > residuals for the resulting linear fit. This accommodates overdispersion > naturally, but wi

Re: [R] how to control ticks

On Dec 21, 2010, at 17:01 , Edwin Groot wrote: > On Tue, 21 Dec 2010 18:06:52 +0530 > Yogesh Tiwari wrote: >> Hi, >> I want 12 ticks at axis 1 and want to write Jan-Dec on each. >> >> something like: >> >> axis(1, at=1:12, >> labels=c('J','F','M','A','M','J','J','A','S','O','N','D')) >> >> I

Re: [R] how to control ticks

What is the structure of file$time? Is it Date/POSIXct? 'at=1:12' only works if those are the dimensions of file$time. So give us an idea of what the data is (PLEASE do read the posting guide http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html and provide commented, minimal, self-contained, reproducible

Re: [R] how to control ticks

On Tue, 21 Dec 2010 18:06:52 +0530 Yogesh Tiwari wrote: > Hi, > I want 12 ticks at axis 1 and want to write Jan-Dec on each. > > something like: > > axis(1, at=1:12, > labels=c('J','F','M','A','M','J','J','A','S','O','N','D')) > > I could omit default ticks but now how to control ticks. > De

Re: [R] ideas, modeling highly discrete time-series data

You could try the timeseries list at https://www.jiscmail.ac.uk/cgi-bin/webadmin?A0=TIMESERIES kjetil On Mon, Dec 20, 2010 at 6:26 PM, Mike Williamson wrote: > Hello all, > >    First of all, thanks so those of you who helped me a week or so ago > managing a time series with varying gaps between

Re: [R] combination value

On Dec 21, 2010, at 9:23 AM, amir wrote: Hi every one, I want to calculate the combination function in R, the value not all the possible choices. I mean cmbn(5,2)=10. Is there any function unless using factorial? ?choose -- David Winsemius, MD West Hartford

[R] two-part growth analysis

Hi everyone! Does anyone know if there is a package to do two-part growth analysis with R? Regards, Sebastian -- Sebastián Daza sebastian.d...@gmail.com __ R-help@r-project.org mailing list https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help PLEASE do re

Re: [R] combination value

choose(5, 2) HTH, Jorge On Tue, Dec 21, 2010 at 9:23 AM, amir <> wrote: > Hi every one, > > I want to calculate the combination function in R, the value not all the > possible choices. > I mean cmbn(5,2)=10. > > Is there any function unless using factorial? > > Rega

[R] combination value

Hi every one, I want to calculate the combination function in R, the value not all the possible choices. I mean cmbn(5,2)=10. Is there any function unless using factorial? Regards, Amir [[alternative HTML version deleted]] _

Re: [R] logistic regression or not?

A possible caveat here. Traditionally, logistic regression was performed on the logit-transformed proportions, with the standard errors based on the residuals for the resulting linear fit. This accommodates overdispersion naturally, but without telling you that you have any. glm with a binomial f

Re: [R] How to suppress plotting for "xyplot(zoo(x))"?

On Tue, Dec 21, 2010 at 7:53 AM, Marius Hofert wrote: > Hi, > > I found the thread > http://r.789695.n4.nabble.com/Matrix-as-input-to-xyplot-lattice-proper-extended-formula-syntax-td896948.html > I used Gabor's approach and then tried to assign the plot to a variable (see > below). But a Quartz

Re: [R] how to control ticks

Hi, The following seems to work: plot(1:12,1:12,xaxt='n',xlab=NA) axis(1,at=1:12,labels=c("J","F","M","A","M","J","J","A","S","O","N","D") ) So I'd guess that your X axis data, file$time, doesn't take the values 1 to 12. Martyn -Original Message- From: r-help-boun...@r-project.org [mai

Re: [R] Coding a new variable based on criteria in a dataset

RaoulD gmail.com> writes: > > > Hi, > > I'm a bit stuck and need some help with R code to code a variable F_R based > on a combination of conditions. > > The first condition would code F_R as "F" and would be based on the > min(Date) and Min(Time) for each combination of UniqueID & Reason. T

[R] how to control ticks

Hi, I want 12 ticks at axis 1 and want to write Jan-Dec on each. something like: axis(1, at=1:12, labels=c('J','F','M','A','M','J','J','A','S','O','N','D')) I could omit default ticks but now how to control ticks. plot(file$time, file$ch4*1000, ylim=c(1500,1700), xaxt='n', xlab= NA, ylab=NA,col

Re: [R] Performing basic Multiple Sequence Alignment in R?

I don't have an answer, trying to solicit more input with additional questions. > From: tal.gal...@gmail.com > Date: Tue, 21 Dec 2010 11:21:03 +0200 > To: r-help@r-project.org; bioconduc...@r-project.org > Subject: [R] Performing basic Multiple Sequence Alignment in R? > > Hello everyone, > >

Re: [R] Performing basic Multiple Sequence Alignment in R?

Tal; I'm trimming the BioC posting. In the R lists it is considered spamming to cross post. (Please re-read the Posting Guide.) On Dec 21, 2010, at 4:21 AM, Tal Galili wrote: Hello everyone, I am not sure if this should go on the general R mailing list (for example, if there is a text min

Re: [R] logistic regression or not?

array chip yahoo.com> writes: [snip] > I can think of analyzing this data using glm() with the attached dataset: > > test<-read.table('test.txt',sep='\t') > fit<-glm(cbind(positive,total-positive)~treatment,test,family=binomial) > summary(fit) > anova(fit, test='Chisq') > First, is this still

[R] How to suppress plotting for "xyplot(zoo(x))"?

Hi, I found the thread http://r.789695.n4.nabble.com/Matrix-as-input-to-xyplot-lattice-proper-extended-formula-syntax-td896948.html I used Gabor's approach and then tried to assign the plot to a variable (see below). But a Quartz device is opened... why? I don't want to have anything plot/pri

Re: [R] R CMD build/install: wrong Rtools include path is passed to g++

Andy Zhu wrote: Hi: I am trying to build/install rparallel source package in win32 using Rtools/R CMD. However, R CMD build or install fails. The R CMD build output shows that the path of Rtools/MinGW/include is wrong in g++ -I. How can I pass/configure the correct include path to R CMD? Tr

Re: [R] NA's in survey analysis

2010/12/21 Petr PIKAL : > Hi > > r-help-boun...@r-project.org napsal dne 21.12.2010 11:02:07: > >> Hello, >> >> I am trying to analyze sociological survey data using R. It is often >> important in survey to calculate both the actual factor sums and >> percentages (easily done with describe() ), but

[R] Coding a new variable based on criteria in a dataset

Hi, I'm a bit stuck and need some help with R code to code a variable F_R based on a combination of conditions. The first condition would code F_R as "F" and would be based on the min(Date) and Min(Time) for each combination of UniqueID & Reason. The second condition would code the variable as

Re: [R] labels and barchart

2010/12/21 Dieter Menne : > Standard graphics has fallen a bit out of favor because of these quirks. Try > lattice: > > library(lattice) > x <- seq(20, 100, by=15) > ety <- paste("Effect on treatment group",1:length(x)) > barchart(ety~x) > > Note that the ety labels must be different to make this w

Re: [R] labels and barchart

2010/12/21 Gerrit Eichner : > par( mar = c( 3, 13, 2, 1), cex = 0.8) > > barplot( x, names.arg = NULL, horiz = TRUE, axes = FALSE) > > axis( side = 1, at = c( seq( 0, 80, by = 20), 95)) > > axis( side = 2, at = 1:length(ety), line = -1, las = 1, tick = FALSE, >      labels = ety) Thank you very mu

Re: [R] Where is the bioDist package?

venik wrote: > > I am trying in vain to find the bioDist package. > More generally, where can I find a lit of packages and their location? I > thought CRAN will have it, but I had no luck with bioDist. > Google bioDist, second hit (maybe another one, depending on your language settings). D

Re: [R] labels and barchart

Robert Ruser wrote: > > x <- seq(20, 100, by=15) > ety <- rep( "Effect on treatment group", times=length(x)) > barplot(x, names.arg=ety, las=1, horiz=TRUE) > > Labels are not visible. But trial and error method with the second mar > argument I get what I want. > Standard graphics has fallen a

Re: [R] labels and barchart

Hello, Robert, see hints below. On Tue, 21 Dec 2010, Robert Ruser wrote: Hello, I'm wondering how to set a value of mar ( par( mar=c(...)) ) in order to allow labels to be visible in barplot. Is there any relation between the number of characters in a label and the second value of mar? Loo

[R] RE : replace values of a table !!!

I suppose what you want to do is something like: dat <- matrix(c(2:13,-),nc=4) dat dat[dat== -] <- 1 # replace the - by 0 dat Please be careful to think twice what you are doing to you data by changing some values. Maybe you rather want to replace the - values by NA ? HTH, W

[R] NA's in survey analysis

Hello, I am trying to analyze sociological survey data using R. It is often important in survey to calculate both the actual factor sums and percentages (easily done with describe() ), but also the numbers and total percentage of NA's. Often it is important to present NA's in graphs besides the fa

Re: [R] loading workspace- getting annoying

Also, rm(list=ls()) will remove absolutely everything from your workspace. Next time you quit and save workspace you start with and empty workspace. -- View this message in context: http://r.789695.n4.nabble.com/loading-workspace-getting-annoying-tp3004781p3138203.html Sent from the R help ma

[R] labels and barchart

Hello, I'm wondering how to set a value of mar ( par( mar=c(...)) ) in order to allow labels to be visible in barplot. Is there any relation between the number of characters in a label and the second value of mar? Look at my example. x <- seq(20, 100, by=15) ety <- rep( "Effect on treatment gr

[R] Odp: replace values of a table !!!

Hi r-help-boun...@r-project.org napsal dne 21.12.2010 09:59:31: > Dear all, > > Dear all, > > I am a relatively new user. > I have an ascii file with 550 rows and 400 columns. The file contain values > ranging from 1 to 2000 and some values with -. > > I want to generate a new file where

[R] Odp: NA's in survey analysis

Hi r-help-boun...@r-project.org napsal dne 21.12.2010 11:02:07: > Hello, > > I am trying to analyze sociological survey data using R. It is often > important in survey to calculate both the actual factor sums and > percentages (easily done with describe() ), but also the numbers and > total perc

[R] NA's in survey analysis

Hello, I am trying to analyze sociological survey data using R. It is often important in survey to calculate both the actual factor sums and percentages (easily done with describe() ), but also the numbers and total percentage of NA's. Often it is important to present NA's in graphs besides the fa

Re: [R] .Rd file for S4-method warning

Hi Duncan, thanks for the quick answer! Oops, I have really overseen the correct argument specs... In the beginning roxygen did not support S4 but by now it does. The usage line is created automatically by roxygen in this case (only when using S4 classes and I am not sure when and when not). No

[R] Performing basic Multiple Sequence Alignment in R?

Hello everyone, I am not sure if this should go on the general R mailing list (for example, if there is a text mining solution that might work here) or the bioconductor mailing list (since I wasn't able to find a solution to my question on searching their lists) - so this time I tried both, and in

[R] replace values of a table !!!

Dear all, Dear all, I am a relatively new user. I have an ascii file with 550 rows and 400 columns. The file contain values ranging from 1 to 2000 and some values with -. I want to generate a new file where the - values are replaced with 0 values, the other values with the 1.0 value.

Re: [R] R CMD build/install: wrong Rtools include path is passed to g++

Never mind. Found the solution: the package coded the rtools path in Makevars.win. So I was able to compile (but have another problem though). But not sure if there is an environment name for rtools, maybe RTOOLS_HOME ... Thanks. - Forwarded Message From: Andy Zhu Cc: r-help@r-pr

[R] predict function for kmeans

Hi, I am using kmeans algorithm to cluster my training dataset.After the model is generated, i need to apply it to my production dataset and see the clusters it falls into.But, i am unable to find a predict function for kmeans to do this. Could you please let me know if there is a predict func

[R] R CMD build/install: wrong Rtools include path is passed to g++

Hi: I am trying to build/install rparallel source package in win32 using Rtools/R CMD. However, R CMD build or install fails. The R CMD build output shows that the path of Rtools/MinGW/include is wrong in g++ -I. How can I pass/configure the correct include path to R CMD? Tried this in both R

Re: [R] monthly median in a daily dataset

Hi Dennis, I am looking for similar function and this post is useful. But a strange thing is happening when I try which I couldn't figure out (details below). Could you or anyone help me understand why this is so? > df = data.frame(date = seq(as.Date("2010-1-1"), by = "days", length = 250)) > df$

Re: [R] Odp: For-loop

>Hi Petr, > >thank you, I got it. In fact I was looking for the function aggregate() which >I didn't know. > >aggregate(x = t(data), by = list(cov$Month, cov$Area), FUN = "sum") > >that is doing exactly what I need. > >Anne >-Ursprüngliche Nachricht- >Von: "Petr PIKAL" >Gesendet: 20.12.