Re: python data types in c++ code

2011-03-07 Thread Stefan Behnel
Dan Stromberg, 07.03.2011 03:47: On Sun, Mar 6, 2011 at 10:07 AM, Arthur Mc Coy wrote: You know, they are still using SVN, they are very loosely coupled to the past. about SVN: I'm not sure it's really dying. I hope it will. Yes, a lot of distributed development has moved off of SVN, and

Re: I'm happy with Python 2.5

2011-03-07 Thread Brian
While some may see this thread as troll candy, others may not. We want cake. And we need to eat it. Doing a lot of instrument control and data acquisition stuff. And a short dev period has same importance as short run time. As for the safety of those that dwell under and walk over bridges, y

Re: Extending dict (dict's) to allow for multidimensional dictionary

2011-03-07 Thread Chris Rebert
On Sun, Mar 6, 2011 at 11:06 PM, Javier wrote: > Looks a good idea.  I use this kind of "recursive dicts" to represent > tree like datastruct in python.  Like: > > car["ford"]["taurus"]["price"]=... > car["toyota"]["corolla"]["mpg"]=... > car["toyota"]["corolla"]["price"]=... > > Does anybody hav

required help in manual sort

2011-03-07 Thread Manjunath N
Hello users, I'm quite new to python programming. I need help in manually sorting a list which is shuffled. The problem i'm facing is with respect to last element in the list when checking the condition using if statement. Below I have pasted my code. The code is below is not yet done, at fi

Re: required help in manual sort

2011-03-07 Thread Stefan Behnel
Manjunath N, 07.03.2011 09:48: I'm quite new to python programming. I need help in manually sorting a list which is shuffled. Why do you want to do that? Is this a homework assignment, or are you just looking for an example task to get used to the language? The usual way to sort a lis

Re: my computer is allergic to pickles

2011-03-07 Thread Bob Fnord
MRAB wrote: > On 05/03/2011 01:56, Bob Fnord wrote: > > I'm using python to do some log file analysis and I need to store > > on disk a very large dict with tuples of strings as keys and > > lists of strings and numbers as values. > > > > I started by using cPickle to save the instance of the cla

Re: questions about multiprocessing

2011-03-07 Thread Jean-Michel Pichavant
Vincent Ren wrote: Hello, everyone, recently I am trying to learn python's multiprocessing, but I got confused as a beginner. [SNIP] httplib.InvalidURL: nonnumeric port: '' Regards Vincent It's a mistake many beginners do, I don't understand why, but it's a very common thing. RTFM should

Re: required help in manual sort

2011-03-07 Thread Peter Otten
Manjunath N wrote: > Hello users, > I'm quite new to python programming. I need help in manually sorting > a > list which is shuffled. The problem i'm facing is with respect to last > element in the list when checking the condition using if statement. Below > I have pasted my code. The

encoding hell - any chance of salvation ?

2011-03-07 Thread southof40
Hi - I've got some code which uses array (http://docs.python.org/ library/array.html) to store charcters read from a file (it's not my code it comes from here http://sourceforge.net/projects/pygold/) The read is done, in GrammarReader.py, like this ... def readString(self, maxsize = -1):

changing to function what works like a function

2011-03-07 Thread Victor Paraschiv
Hi everyone i understood that the goal of Python is to make programing easy (of course, powerful at the same time). I think one way to do it is to eliminate unnecessary syntax exceptions. One is the following: for a complex number "z", to get the real and imaginary  part, you type:  "z.real" and

Re: encoding hell - any chance of salvation ?

2011-03-07 Thread Tom Zych
southof40 wrote: > ... > result = array('u') > ... > ... and results in the error"TypeError: array item must be unicode > character" is raised (full stack trace at bottom) . > ... > Can anyone make a suggestion as to the best way to allow the array > object to accept what is in essence a bi

Re: changing to function what works like a function

2011-03-07 Thread Ian
On 07/03/2011 11:33, Victor Paraschiv wrote: Hi everyone i understood that the goal of Python is to make programing easy (of course, powerful at the same time). I think one way to do it is to eliminate unnecessary syntax exceptions. One is the following: for a complex number "z", to get the rea

Re: ImSim: Image Similarity

2011-03-07 Thread n00m
On Mar 6, 7:54 pm, n00m wrote: > If someone will encounter 2 apparently unrelated pics > but for which ImSim gives value of their mutual diff. > *** less than 20% *** please emailed them to me. Never mind, people. I've found such a pair of images in my .zipped project. It's "sky1.jpg" and "lake1.

Re: ImSim: Image Similarity

2011-03-07 Thread Grigory Javadyan
Just admit that your algorithm doesn't work that well already :-) Or give a solid formal definition of "similarity" and prove that your algo works with that definition. On Mon, Mar 7, 2011 at 4:22 PM, n00m wrote: > > In short, > the notion of similarity can be speculated about just endlessly. > -

Re: ImSim: Image Similarity

2011-03-07 Thread n00m
On Mar 7, 2:54 pm, Grigory Javadyan wrote: > Just admit that your algorithm doesn't work that well already :-) > Or give a solid formal definition of "similarity" and prove that your > algo works with that definition. > > On Mon, Mar 7, 2011 at 4:22 PM, n00m wrote: > > > In short, > > the notion

Re: ImSim: Image Similarity

2011-03-07 Thread n00m
So, my current very strict definition of similarity is: --- 2 pics are similar if my script gives for them value < 20%, otherwise the pics are not similar. --- It is left to study possi

Re: changing to function what works like a function

2011-03-07 Thread Westley Martínez
On Mon, 2011-03-07 at 03:33 -0800, Victor Paraschiv wrote: > Hi everyone > i understood that the goal of Python is to make programing easy (of > course, powerful at the same time). > I think one way to do it is to eliminate unnecessary syntax > exceptions. One is the following: > for a complex numb

Re: changing to function what works like a function

2011-03-07 Thread Benjamin Kaplan
On Mar 7, 2011 6:35 AM, "Victor Paraschiv" wrote: > > Hi everyone > i understood that the goal of Python is to make programing easy (of course, powerful at the same time). > I think one way to do it is to eliminate unnecessary syntax exceptions. One is the following: > for a complex number "z", to

Re: my computer is allergic to pickles

2011-03-07 Thread Mel
Bob Fnord wrote: > I want a portable data file (can be moved around the filesystem > or copied to another machine and used), so I don't want to use > mysql or postgres. I guess the "sqlite" approach would work, but > I think it would be difficult to turn the tuples of strings and > lists of string

Re: ImSim: Image Similarity

2011-03-07 Thread Mel
n00m wrote: > But funny thing takes place. > At first thought it's a false-positive: some modern South East > Asian town and a lake somewhere in Russia, more than 100 years > ago. Nothing similar in them? > > On both pics we see: > -- a lot of water on foreground; > -- a lot of blue sky at sunny

Re: Cluto like library for Python

2011-03-07 Thread Nelle Varoquaux
There is also scikit learn, that isn't mentionned on that list. It has a few clustering algorithms (k means, affinity propagation, mean shift): you can find the documentation here : http://scikit-learn.sourceforge.net/modules/clustering.html Thanks, Nelle On 7 March 2011 01:14, Miki Tebeka wrote

Re: my computer is allergic to pickles

2011-03-07 Thread Martin P. Hellwig
On 05/03/2011 01:56, Bob Fnord wrote: Any comments, suggestions? No but I have a bunch of pseudo-questions :-) What version of python are you using? How about your OS and bitspace (32/64)? Have you also tried using the non-c pickle module? If the data is very simple in structure, perhaps s

Re: Extending dict (dict's) to allow for multidimensional dictionary

2011-03-07 Thread TomF
On 2011-03-05 12:05:43 -0800, Paul Rubin said: Ravi writes: I can extend dictionary to allow for the my own special look-up tables. However now I want to be able to define multidimensional dictionary which supports look-up like this: d[1]['abc'][40] = 'dummy' Why do that anyway? You can us

Pickle a list

2011-03-07 Thread Rogerio Luz
Hi All I'd like to pickle an object instance with all values. So I instanciate myClass and set some values including a list with more values (in the __init__), then dump to file. I realized that the pickled object don't saved my new list values (saved only the "default" value) but saved a String a

strange behaviour with while-else statement

2011-03-07 Thread Victor Paraschiv
Hi and please help me understand if it is a bug, or..,as someone said, there's a 'bug' in my understanding: (Python 3.2 (r32:88445, Feb 20 2011, 21:29:02) [MSC v.1500 32 bit (Intel)] on win32) (windows vista, the regular windows python installer) It's about the following code: while True: s

Re: Pickle a list

2011-03-07 Thread Chris Kaynor
On Mon, Mar 7, 2011 at 8:38 AM, Rogerio Luz wrote: > Hi All > > I'd like to pickle an object instance with all values. So I > instanciate myClass and set some values including a list with more > values (in the __init__), then dump to file. I realized that the > pickled object don't saved my new li

Re: Pickle a list

2011-03-07 Thread Chris Kaynor
Chris 2011/3/7 Rogério Luz > Chris, Thanks a lot for your explanation, I got it > > class MyClass: > #class variables > > teste = 0 > nome = None > lista = ["default"] > > def __init__(self): > #instance variables > self.lista = MyClass.lista # if I still wa

Problem with Python GUI checklist, Tkinter

2011-03-07 Thread Mathew Coyle
Hi all, I am trying to create a checklist which allows users to select a specific feature of a dataset in a database, and export that feature out of the database to their PC. This is my first GUI attempt, and I don't imagine my issue is too complicated, mostly just my inexperience. Everything

Re: changing to function what works like a function

2011-03-07 Thread Victor Paraschiv
Well, thank you all for being honest ☺   What I conclude is that you, the programmers, don’t really care about those who are new to programming: for most people out of the programming world, I think it is simpler to be able to write: real(z), just as you write: sin(z), abs(z), (z)^2 etc.

Re: Numerical representation

2011-03-07 Thread Jon Herman
I'm starting to run out of ideas of what to do...I've imported the true division (I'm using Python 2.7) to make sure I wasn't accidentally using any integers but the results remain identical, so it's not a division problem. I've copied the loop I'm running below, is there any mathematical operation

Numerical representation

2011-03-07 Thread Jon Herman
Sorry Robert, I'd missed your post when I just made my last one. The output I am getting in Python looks as follows: array([ 9.91565050e-01, 1.55680112e-05, -1.53258602e-05, -5.75847623e-05, -9.64290960e-03, -8.26333458e-08]) This is the final state vector, consisting of 6 states (p

Re: changing to function what works like a function

2011-03-07 Thread Jean-Michel Pichavant
Victor Paraschiv wrote: Well, thank you all for being honest ☺ What I conclude is that you, the programmers, don’t really care about those who are new to programming: for most people out of the programming world, I think it is simpler to be able to write: real(z), just as you write: sin(z

Re: Absolutely Insane Problem with Gmail

2011-03-07 Thread Ian
On 06/03/2011 13:56, Victor Subervi wrote: gmail, for whatever reason, filters out emails send to the same address from which they are sent. Its possibly a protection against circular forwarding. Ian -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list

Re: Numerical representation

2011-03-07 Thread Jon Herman
And for the sake of completeness, the derivative function I am calling from my integrator (this is the 3 body problem in astrodynamics): def F(mu, X, ti): r1= pow((pow(X[0]+mu,2)+pow(X[1],2)+pow(X[2],2)),0.5) r2= pow((pow(X[0]+mu-1,2)+pow(X[1],2)+pow(X[2],2)),0.5) Ax= X[0]+2*X[4]-(1-

Re: Numerical representation

2011-03-07 Thread Jon Herman
And for the sake of additional completeness (I'm sorry I didn't think of all this in one go): my derivative function in Python produces results that agree with MATLAB to order e-16 (machine precision), so the error is definitely building up in my integrator. On Mon, Mar 7, 2011 at 11:59 AM, Jon

Re: encoding hell - any chance of salvation ?

2011-03-07 Thread Terry Reedy
On 3/7/2011 6:24 AM, southof40 wrote: Hi - I've got some code which uses array (http://docs.python.org/ library/array.html) to store charcters read from a file (it's not my code it comes from here http://sourceforge.net/projects/pygold/) The read is done, in GrammarReader.py, like this ...

Re: my computer is allergic to pickles

2011-03-07 Thread Terry Reedy
On 3/7/2011 4:50 AM, Bob Fnord wrote: I want a portable data file (can be moved around the filesystem or copied to another machine and used), Used only by Python or by other software? Would a database in a file have any advantages over a file made by marshal or shelve? If you have read the

Re: strange behaviour with while-else statement

2011-03-07 Thread Terry Reedy
On 3/7/2011 11:43 AM, Victor Paraschiv wrote: Hi and please help me understand if it is a bug, or..,as someone said, there's a 'bug' in my understanding: (Python 3.2 (r32:88445, Feb 20 2011, 21:29:02) [MSC v.1500 32 bit (Intel)] on win32) (windows vista, the regular windows python installer) It's

Re: Numerical representation

2011-03-07 Thread Chris Rebert
>>> On Fri, Mar 4, 2011 at 2:32 PM, Jon Herman wrote: I am new to the Python language and writing a Runge-Kutta-Fellberg 7(8) integrator in Python, which requires an extreme numerical precision for my particular application. Unfortunately, I can not seem to attain it. The

Re: Plotting of maps in python

2011-03-07 Thread Dan Friedman
Is this the Jeff Collins that worked at the Skunk works in the early 1990s? -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list

Re: Numerical representation

2011-03-07 Thread Jon Herman
It really is exactly the same process, but sure. Below is my Matlab translation of the python code I posted earlier, it functions at the increased accuracy I've shown above. k(:,1)=feval(deq, ti, x, mu); for n = 2:1:13 nn=n-1; Xtemp1 = 0.0; for j = 1:1:

Re: Problem with Python GUI checklist, Tkinter

2011-03-07 Thread Terry Reedy
On 3/7/2011 12:49 PM, Mathew Coyle wrote: Everything seems to roll along fine, a few tweaks are still needed, but an issue I cannot resolve has come up. It seems that the checklist items are being selected and added twice to the list, once for a mouse button click, and again for a mouse button r

Re: Extending dict (dict's) to allow for multidimensional dictionary

2011-03-07 Thread sturlamolden
On 7 Mar, 09:30, Chris Rebert wrote: > You see a tree, I see a database > (http://docs.python.org/library/sqlite3.html): > > +--+-+-+---+ > | Manufacturer | Model   | MPG | Price | > +--+-+-+---+ > | Ford         | Taurus  | ... | $...  | >

Re: Absolutely Insane Problem with Gmail

2011-03-07 Thread Terry Reedy
On 3/7/2011 1:26 PM, Ian wrote: On 06/03/2011 13:56, Victor Subervi wrote: gmail, for whatever reason, filters out emails send to the same address from which they are sent. Its possibly a protection against circular forwarding. Or spam. Many spam messages sent to me have me as sender. -- Ter

Re: changing to function what works like a function

2011-03-07 Thread Terry Reedy
On 3/7/2011 1:12 PM, Victor Paraschiv wrote: Well, thank you all for being honest ☺ What I conclude is that you, the programmers, don’t really care about those who are new to programming: Whereas you exhibit your care for humanity by casually slandering those who offer you a gift. Grow up. Se

Re: having both dynamic and static variables

2011-03-07 Thread Paul Rubin
Steven D'Aprano writes: > but I call that a feature, not a bug. If you want an immutable constant, > use a tuple, not a list. Nope: L = ([1,2],[3,4]) # tuple L[0].append(5) # mutate L, in some reasonable sense of "mutate" -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list

Re: questions about multiprocessing

2011-03-07 Thread Vincent Ren
On Mar 7, 9:21 pm, Jean-Michel Pichavant wrote: > It's a mistake many beginners do, I don't understand why, but it's a > very common thing. RTFM should stand for "Read The Formidable (error) > Message" as  well. > Your url is invalid, check your url definition. > > JM I've fixed that problem. Bu

Re: Numerical representation

2011-03-07 Thread Terry Reedy
On 3/7/2011 1:59 PM, Jon Herman wrote: And for the sake of completeness, the derivative function I am calling from my integrator (this is the 3 body problem in astrodynamics): def F(mu, X, ti): r1= pow((pow(X[0]+mu,2)+pow(X[1],2)+pow(X[2],2)),0.5) x0 = X[0]; x1 = X[1]; x2 = X[2]

Re: Numerical representation

2011-03-07 Thread Jon Herman
Thanks Terry! Of course, speed is not my main concern at this point and I'm more worried about precision...would you have some input on this discussion? :) Jon On Mon, Mar 7, 2011 at 2:35 PM, Terry Reedy wrote: > On 3/7/2011 1:59 PM, Jon Herman wrote: > >> And for the sake of completeness, th

how to communicate in python with an external process

2011-03-07 Thread Danny Shevitz
Howdy, I'm a long time python user but ran across something I have never needed to do before and don't know how to do it. The issue is that I need for my python script to call some matlab routines. Matlab is very expensive to start running, so I only want to run it once. I also want the changes

Re: how to communicate in python with an external process

2011-03-07 Thread Chris Rebert
On Mon, Mar 7, 2011 at 1:58 PM, Danny Shevitz wrote: > Howdy, > > I'm a long time python user but ran across something I have never needed to do > before and don't know how to do it. > > The issue is that I need for my python script to call some matlab routines. > Matlab is very expensive to start

Re: having both dynamic and static variables

2011-03-07 Thread Santoso Wijaya
Now you're just muddying the terminology! ~/santa On Mon, Mar 7, 2011 at 1:20 PM, Paul Rubin wrote: > Steven D'Aprano writes: > > but I call that a feature, not a bug. If you want an immutable constant, > > use a tuple, not a list. > > Nope: > >L = ([1,2],[3,4]) # tuple >L[0].append(

Re: Numerical representation

2011-03-07 Thread Katie T
The main choices for arbitrary point precision seem to be mpmath (which is pure python) and GMP (C++ but with python wrapper; GMP is heavily used in academia) Links: http://code.google.com/p/mpmath/ http://gmpy.sourceforge.net/ Katie -- CoderStack http://www.coderstack.co.uk The Software Devel

Re: how to communicate in python with an external process

2011-03-07 Thread Danny Shevitz
> > http://pypi.python.org/pypi/pymatlab/ > > Cheers, > Chris I am on a mac. Does pymatlab support mac's? I tried the linux 64 bit egg (downloaded to my local machine) and got: macshevitz:~ dannyshevitz$ sudo easy_install pymatlab-0.1.3-py2.6-linux-x86_64. egg Password: Searching for pymatlab-

Re: how to communicate in python with an external process

2011-03-07 Thread Benjamin Kaplan
On Mon, Mar 7, 2011 at 6:12 PM, Danny Shevitz wrote: > >> >> http://pypi.python.org/pypi/pymatlab/ >> >> Cheers, >> Chris > > I am on a mac. Does pymatlab support mac's? I tried the linux 64 bit egg > (downloaded to my local machine) and got: > > macshevitz:~ dannyshevitz$ sudo easy_install > pym

Re: ImSim: Image Similarity

2011-03-07 Thread n00m
@all and just in case. Also see my TiRG project (since 2011-01-31): http://sourceforge.net/projects/tirg/ It's for detecting and localizing textareas in raster graphics. Among its files there is a python script -- absolutely working. Enjoy to do with it whatever you like -- it's my public domain.

Re: Numerical representation

2011-03-07 Thread Robert Kern
On 3/7/11 2:52 PM, Jon Herman wrote: It really is exactly the same process, but sure. Below is my Matlab translation of the python code I posted earlier, it functions at the increased accuracy I've shown above. k(:,1)=feval(deq, ti, x, mu); for n = 2:1:13 nn=n-1;

Re: questions about multiprocessing

2011-03-07 Thread Robert Kern
On 3/7/11 3:27 PM, Vincent Ren wrote: On Mar 7, 9:21 pm, Jean-Michel Pichavant wrote: It's a mistake many beginners do, I don't understand why, but it's a very common thing. RTFM should stand for "Read The Formidable (error) Message" as well. Your url is invalid, check your url definition. JM

Re: questions about multiprocessing

2011-03-07 Thread Vincent Ren
Got it, thanks. But what should I do if I want to improve the efficiency of my program? On Mar 8, 11:37 am, Robert Kern wrote: > I'm afraid his response applies to this as well: you can't pass methods to > pool.map() or any other such communication channel to your subprocesses. -- http://mail

Re: having both dynamic and static variables

2011-03-07 Thread Steven D'Aprano
On Mon, 07 Mar 2011 13:20:39 -0800, Paul Rubin wrote: > Steven D'Aprano writes: >> but I call that a feature, not a bug. If you want an immutable >> constant, use a tuple, not a list. > > Nope: > > L = ([1,2],[3,4]) # tuple > L[0].append(5) # mutate L, in some reasonable sense of "

Re: having both dynamic and static variables

2011-03-07 Thread Paul Rubin
Steven D'Aprano writes: >> L[0].append(5) # mutate L, in some reasonable sense of "mutate" > > You haven't mutated the tuple called "L". You've mutated its internal > components, which are lists. If you wanted them to also be immutable, you > should have used tuples :) Obviously you are

Re: questions about multiprocessing

2011-03-07 Thread Benjamin Kaplan
On Mon, Mar 7, 2011 at 7:47 PM, Vincent Ren wrote: > Got it, thanks. > But what should I do if I want to improve the efficiency of my > program? > Is there any particular reason you're using processes and not threads? Functions that wait for stuff to happen in C land, such as I/O calls, release t

A question about Cmd Class

2011-03-07 Thread yuan zheng
Hello, everyone: I encouter a question when implementing a commmand line(shell). I have implemented some commands, such as "start", "stop", "quit", they are easily implemented by "do_start", "do_stop" and "do_quit". there are no troubles. But I want to implement some commands like these "

Re: Python-list Digest, Vol 90, Issue 48

2011-03-07 Thread francis gan
Hi, How do I make a downloaded file layerfx.py executable in Gimp? using the Python console. the layerfx.py is in the download folder thanks Francis On 3/8/11, python-list-requ...@python.org wrote: > Send Python-list mailing list submissions to > python-list@python.org > > To subscribe o

re documentation bug?

2011-03-07 Thread Tycho Andersen
Consider the following session: Python 2.6.6 (r266:84292, Sep 15 2010, 16:22:56) [GCC 4.4.5] on linux2 Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information. >>> import re >>> p = re.compile("foo") >>> re.sub(p, "bar", "foobaz", flags=re.IGNORECASE) Traceback (most recent call las

Re: re documentation bug?

2011-03-07 Thread MRAB
On 08/03/2011 03:01, Tycho Andersen wrote: Consider the following session: Python 2.6.6 (r266:84292, Sep 15 2010, 16:22:56) [GCC 4.4.5] on linux2 Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information. import re p = re.compile("foo") re.sub(p, "bar", "foobaz", flags=re.IGNORECASE

Re: changing to function what works like a function

2011-03-07 Thread alex23
Victor Paraschiv wrote: > What I conclude is that you, the programmers, don’t really care about > those who are new to programming: for most people out of the > programming world, I think it is simpler to be able to write: real(z), > just as you write: sin(z), abs(z), (z)^2 etc. Good to see you fi

Re: I'm happy with Python 2.5

2011-03-07 Thread alex23
Steven D'Aprano wrote: > The question that needs to be asked is not "Is Python 3 fast?", but > instead "Is Python 3 fast enough?". I'm certainly not going to argue against that, I just don't find the coding contortions used on sites like spoj.pl for performance gains to be anything approximating

Re: changing to function what works like a function

2011-03-07 Thread alex23
On Mar 8, 1:41 pm, alex23 wrote: > Good to see you finally admit that you're not a programmer. Have you > informed your clients yet? Or are you still learning Python on their > dime and crowd-sourcing the more difficult parts? I'd like to apologise for this post. The OP is not the Victor I though

Re: changing to function what works like a function

2011-03-07 Thread geremy condra
On Mon, Mar 7, 2011 at 8:32 PM, alex23 wrote: > On Mar 8, 1:41 pm, alex23 wrote: >> Good to see you finally admit that you're not a programmer. Have you >> informed your clients yet? Or are you still learning Python on their >> dime and crowd-sourcing the more difficult parts? > > I'd like to apo

Re: questions about multiprocessing

2011-03-07 Thread Vincent Ren
I'm just learning python. After changed it to a non-OOP program, it works. Thank you all for suggestions :) On Mar 8, 1:38 pm, Benjamin Kaplan wrote: > Is there any particular reason you're using processes and not threads? > Functions that wait for stuff to happen in C land, such as I/O calls, >

Finding keywords

2011-03-07 Thread Cross
Hello I have got a project in which I have to extract keywords given a URL. I would like to know methods for extraction of keywords. Frequency of occurence is one; but it seems naive. I would prefer something more robust. Please suggest. Regards Cross --- news://freenews.netfront.net/ - comp