Pushing for Pythoncard 1.0
Attempt to push Pythoncard to a 1.0 status is now underway. A temporary website has been created at: http://code.google.com/p/pythoncard-1-0/ The official website continues to be http://pythoncard.sourceforge.net/ Pythoncard is such a wonderful package that it would be a shame to allow development for the package to go stagnant. The Python community deserves to continue enjoying the simplicity of Pythoncard for creating a GUI Python application. In the last few years, I've added a number of widgets and functions to the package. The present effort is to simply incorporate all of the changes I've made to the package, create an installer, push it out the door and announce to the world that Pythoncard 1.0 is here, and is here to stay. Here's a partial list of widgets and functions added: Widgets: PDFWindow, FlashWindow, MatplotlibCanvasWindow, MultiSelectionList, Drag-&-drop enabled tree control, IEHTMLWindow Backgrounds: MDIParentWindow, MDIChildWindow, MDISashWindow, multi-panel Background Window, Tools: Updated layoutmanager supporting the newly added widgets, and a revived action manager (provide list of actions or events associated with widgets in a context-sensitive fashion - no more needs to memorize which widget can do what). and others. I realize that there are other GUI packages that enjoyed far more support from the Python community in the last few years and have, as a result, a more extensive feature list, and more modern looks. My hats off to those developers. So, please re-frame from responding to this message or send me emails regarding xyz package and how that one is "better", more "modern" than Pythoncard, or that xyz package had xxx feature already. I like Pythoncard because it's so simple for most GUI applications I build that it's almost laughable. I've benefited tremendously from having Pythoncard around and now it's my turn to chip in and repay a small debt to Pythoncard. For x-Pythoncard users (and particularly developers), if you are unable to lend a helping hand, please at least join or re-join the Pythoncard mailing list and let your voice be heard. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Invoking Python from Python
Hi all, I have a need to create a Python script on the fly from another Python program and then execute the script so created. Do I need to invoke Python through os.spawnl or is there a better way? Thanks, -- John -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Cut and paste an EPS file
I am looking for a Python tookit that will enable me to cut section of a picture out from an EPS file and create another EPS file. I am using a proprietary package for doing certain engineering calculations. It creates single page x-y line plots that has too much blank spaces around the plotted area located at the top 2/3 of the page. I like to be "cut" that white space out by extracting the image out and may be scale it up - while keeping the bottom 1/3 unchanged. Does anybody has any suggestions? Thanks, -- JH -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Cut and paste an EPS file
Thanks for the reply. Yes, that would have been too easy :=) If I change the bbox, I would cut out the lower 1/3 of the plot. I only want to apply it to the top 2/3 of the page. Regards, -- JH -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
testing array of logicals
Hi list, Is there a more elagant way of doing this? # logflags is an array of logicals test=True for x in logflags: test = test and x print test -- Thanks, -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: testing array of logicals
Simon Brunning wrote: > On 12 Jul 2006 11:14:43 -0700, John Henry <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote: > > Is there a more elagant way of doing this? > > > > # logflags is an array of logicals > > test=True > > for x in logflags: > >test = test and x > > print test > > min(logflags) > !!! > I feel dirty now. ;-) > ROFL Thanks to everybody that replied. > -- > Cheers, > Simon B, > [EMAIL PROTECTED], > http://www.brunningonline.net/simon/blog/ -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Better utilization of duo-core?
Hi list, I have a Python ap that starts another non-Pythoon ap for number crunching. My new notebook comes with a duo-core CPU. I tried manually running 2 copies of my ap at the same time) and it appears to run the whole job faster (or at least the CPU loading level as show by the task manager appears so). So, I want my Python code to do this automatically. How do I detect whether I have additional CPUs in the system? The google search turns up answer about a Sun workstation but not Windows XP. Thanks, -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: testing array of logicals
Simon Forman wrote: > > > > False not in logflags > > > > Or, if your values aren't already bools > > False not in (bool(n) for n in logflags) > > > > Peace, > ~Simon Very intriguing use of "not in"... Thanks, -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Cyclic class definations
Hi list, I am trying to understand better Python packaging. This might be a messed up class hierachy but how would I break this cyclic relatioship? In file A: from B import B_Class Class_A_Main(): def def SomeMethod(self): res=B_Class(self) Class_A_SubClass(Class_A_Main): def ... In file B: Class B_Class(): def __init__(self,parent): ... def SomeMethod(self): res=C_Class(self) In file C: from file A import Class_A_SubClass Class C_Class(Class_A_SubClass): def __init__(self, parent): ... As you can see, the cyclic relationship exists because C_Class is a sub-class of SubClass which is in turn a sub-class of Class_A_Main and in one of the methods of Class_A, it has a need to create a C_Class object. I tried to merge the files A and C (by placing C_Class behind A_Class) and have the method in A_Class create C_Class directly but that doesn't work because Python says C_Class is not defined when it's processing the A_Class method. May be somebody can tell me how to "forward declare" a class? Regards, -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Cyclic class definations
I think I got the answer by playing around a bit. It appears you *don't* need to forward declare things. For example, the following code works: class a: def run(self): new_a=a_sub() new_a.print_it() class a_sub(a): def print_it(self): print "Hi" b=a().run() Regards, John Henry wrote: > Hi list, > > I am trying to understand better Python packaging. This might be a > messed up class hierachy but how would I break this cyclic relatioship? > > In file A: > > from B import B_Class > > Class_A_Main(): >def >def SomeMethod(self): > res=B_Class(self) > > Class_A_SubClass(Class_A_Main): >def ... > > > In file B: > > Class B_Class(): >def __init__(self,parent): > ... >def SomeMethod(self): > res=C_Class(self) > > > In file C: > > from file A import Class_A_SubClass > > Class C_Class(Class_A_SubClass): >def __init__(self, parent): > ... > > > As you can see, the cyclic relationship exists because C_Class is a > sub-class of SubClass which is in turn a sub-class of Class_A_Main and > in one of the methods of Class_A, it has a need to create a C_Class > object. > > I tried to merge the files A and C (by placing C_Class behind A_Class) > and have the method in A_Class create C_Class directly but that doesn't > work because Python says C_Class is not defined when it's processing > the A_Class method. May be somebody can tell me how to "forward > declare" a class? > > Regards, -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Cyclic class definations
Thanks for the note, Nick. I ended up with cycles as a historical reason. Some code that were written long time ago did not anticipate that part of it will get sub-classed. Thanks again. Nick Vatamaniuc wrote: > John, > Cycles are tricky. Python is an interpreted dynamic language, whatever > object you instantiate in your methods is a different thing than class > hierarchy. Your class hierarchy is fine: ClassA->ClassASubclass->ClassC > and it should work. If it doesn't, create a quick mock example and > post it along with the error. > > In general try to model your problem to avoid cycles if possible, I > know sometimes they are un-avoidable, but more often then not, they > are. Python might or might not allow cycles in certain situations > (packages, imports, class hierarchy and during usage i.e. in your > semantics) but regardless, if they make your code hard to understand so > try to not introduce them if possible. > > Hope this helps, > Nick V. > > > John Henry wrote: > > Hi list, > > > > I am trying to understand better Python packaging. This might be a > > messed up class hierachy but how would I break this cyclic relatioship? > > > > In file A: > > > > from B import B_Class > > > > Class_A_Main(): > >def > >def SomeMethod(self): > > res=B_Class(self) > > > > Class_A_SubClass(Class_A_Main): > >def ... > > > > > > In file B: > > > > Class B_Class(): > >def __init__(self,parent): > > ... > >def SomeMethod(self): > > res=C_Class(self) > > > > > > In file C: > > > > from file A import Class_A_SubClass > > > > Class C_Class(Class_A_SubClass): > >def __init__(self, parent): > > ... > > > > > > As you can see, the cyclic relationship exists because C_Class is a > > sub-class of SubClass which is in turn a sub-class of Class_A_Main and > > in one of the methods of Class_A, it has a need to create a C_Class > > object. > > > > I tried to merge the files A and C (by placing C_Class behind A_Class) > > and have the method in A_Class create C_Class directly but that doesn't > > work because Python says C_Class is not defined when it's processing > > the A_Class method. May be somebody can tell me how to "forward > > declare" a class? > > > > Regards, -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Can thread start other threads?
Can Python thread start threads? It appears not. When I do that, the sub-threads gets to certain point and just sit there. If I run the code serially and not run the sub-thread code as threads, everything is fine. I throught the problem is when you run multiple processes of Pythons... -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Can thread start other threads?
Thanks for the confirmation. I will see if I can reduce the code down to something managable and post the failing code. Diez B. Roggisch wrote: > John Henry schrieb: > > Can Python thread start threads? It appears not. When I do that, the > > sub-threads gets to certain point and just sit there. If I run the > > code serially and not run the sub-thread code as threads, everything is > > fine. > > It can. > > import threading, time > > > class Test(threading.Thread): > def __init__(self, num): > threading.Thread.__init__(self) > self._num = num > self.setDaemon(True) > self.start() > > def run(self): > if self._num > 0: > t = Test(self._num - 1) > while True: > time.sleep(.2) > print "T_%i" % self._num > > > t = Test(4) > > while True: > time.sleep(2.0) > > > > I throught the problem is when you run multiple processes of Pythons... > > > No. > > Whatever you do, it must be the cause. Without code - nobody can tell > you why. > > Diez -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Threads vs Processes
Chance Ginger wrote: > On Wed, 26 Jul 2006 10:54:48 -0700, Carl J. Van Arsdall wrote: > > > Alright, based a on discussion on this mailing list, I've started to > > wonder, why use threads vs processes. So, If I have a system that has a > > large area of shared memory, which would be better? I've been leaning > > towards threads, I'm going to say why. > > > > Processes seem fairly expensive from my research so far. Each fork > > copies the entire contents of memory into the new process. There's also > > a more expensive context switch between processes. So if I have a > > system that would fork 50+ child processes my memory usage would be huge > > and I burn more cycles that I don't have to. I understand that there > > are ways of IPC, but aren't these also more expensive? > > > > So threads seems faster and more efficient for this scenario. That > > alone makes me want to stay with threads, but I get the feeling from > > people on this list that processes are better and that threads are over > > used. I don't understand why, so can anyone shed any light on this? > > > > > > Thanks, > > > > -carl > > Not quite that simple. In most modern OS's today there is something > called COW - copy on write. What happens is when you fork a process > it will make an identical copy. Whenever the forked process does > write will it make a copy of the memory. So it isn't quite as bad. > > Secondly, with context switching if the OS is smart it might not > flush the entire TLB. Since most applications are pretty "local" as > far as execution goes, it might very well be the case the page (or > pages) are already in memory. > > As far as Python goes what you need to determine is how much > real parallelism you want. Since there is a global lock in Python > you will only execute a few (as in tens) instructions before > switching to the new thread. In the case of true process you > have two independent Python virtual machines. That may make things > go much faster. > > Another issue is the libraries you use. A lot of them aren't > thread safe. So you need to watch out. > > Chance It's all about performance (and sometimes the "perception" of performance). Eventhough the thread support (and performance) in Python is fairly weak (as explained by Chance), it's nonetheless very useful. My applications threads a lot and it proves to be invaluable - particularly with GUI type applications. I am the type of user that gets annoyed very quickly and easily if the program doesn't respond to me when I click something. So, as a rule of thumb, if the code has to do much of anything that takes say a tenth of a second or more, I thread. I posted a simple demo program yesterday to the Pythoncard list to show why somebody would want to thread an app. You can properly see it from archive. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Threads vs Processes
> > Carl, > OS writers provide much more tools for debugging, tracing, changing > the priority of, sand-boxing processes than threads (in general) It > *should* be easier to get a process based solution up and running > andhave it be more robust, when compared to a threaded solution. > > - Paddy (who shies away from threads in C and C++ too ;-) That mythical "process" is more robust then "thread" application paradigm again. No wonder there are so many boring software applications around. Granted. Threaded program forces you to think and design your application much more carefully (to avoid race conditions, dead-locks, ...) but there is nothing inherently *non-robust* about threaded applications. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Threads vs Processes
[EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: > [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: > > John Henry wrote: > > > Granted. Threaded program forces you to think and design your > > > application much more carefully (to avoid race conditions, dead-locks, > > > ...) but there is nothing inherently *non-robust* about threaded > > > applications. > > > > Indeed. Let's just get rid of all preemptive multitasking while we're > > at it > > Also, race conditions and deadlocks are equally bad in multiprocess > solutions as in multithreaded ones. Any time you're doing parallel > processing you need to consider them. > Only in the sense that you are far more likely to be dealing with shared resources in a multi-threaded application. When I start a sub-process, I know I am doing that to *avoid* resource sharing. So, the chance of a dead-lock is less - only because I would do it far less. > I'd actually submit that initially writing multiprocess programs > requires more design and forethought, since you need to determine > exactly what you want to share instead of just saying "what the heck, > everything's shared!" The payoff in terms of getting _correct_ > behavior more easily, having much easier maintenance down the line, and > being more robust in the face of program failures (or unforseen > environment issues) is usually well worth it, though there are > certainly some applications where threads are a better choice. If you're sharing things, I would thread. I would not want to pay the expense of a process. It's too bad that programmers are not threading more often. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Threads vs Processes
Nick Craig-Wood wrote:
>
> Here is test prog...
>
Here's a more real-life like program done in both single threaded mode
and multi-threaded mode. You'll need PythonCard to try this. Just to
make the point, you will notice that the core code is identical between
the two (method on_menuFileStart_exe). The only difference is in the
setup code. I wanted to dismiss the myth that multi-threaded programs
are inherently *evil*, or that it's diffcult to code, or that it's
unsafe.(what ever dirty water people wish to throw at it).
Don't ask me to try this in process!
To have fun, first run it in single threaded mode (change the main
program to invoke the MyBackground class, instead of the
MyBackgroundThreaded class):
Change:
app = model.Application(MyBackgroundThreaded)
to:
app = model.Application(MyBackground)
Start the process by selecting File->Start, and then try to stop the
program by clicking File->Stop. Note the performance of the program.
Now, run it in multi-threaded mode. Click File->Start several times
(up to 4) and then try to stop the program by clicking File->Stop.
If you want to show off, add several more StaticText items in the
resource file, add them to the textAreas list in MyBackgroundThreaded
class and let it rip!
BTW: This ap also demonstrates the weakness in Python thread - the
threads don't get preempted equally (not even close).
:-)
Two files follows (test.py and test.rsrc.py):
#!/usr/bin/python
"""
__version__ = "$Revision: 1.1 $"
__date__ = "$Date: 2004/10/24 19:21:46 $"
"""
import wx
import threading
import thread
import time
from PythonCard import model
class MyBackground(model.Background):
def on_initialize(self, event):
# if you have any initialization
# including sizer setup, do it here
self.running(False)
self.textAreas=(self.components.TextArea1,)
return
def on_menuFileStart_select(self, event):
on_menuFileStart_exe(self.textAreas[0])
return
def on_menuFileStart_exe(self, textArea):
textArea.visible=True
self.running(True)
for i in range(1000):
textArea.text = "Got up to %d" % i
##print i
for j in range(i):
k = 0
time.sleep(0)
if not self.running(): break
try:
wx.SafeYield(self)
except:
pass
if not self.running(): break
textArea.text = "Finished at %d" % i
return
def on_menuFileStop_select(self, event):
self.running(False)
def on_Stop_mouseClick(self, event):
self.on_menuFileStop_select(event)
return
def running(self, flag=None):
if flag!=None:
self.runningFlag=flag
return self.runningFlag
class MyBackgroundThreaded(MyBackground):
def on_initialize(self, event):
# if you have any initialization
# including sizer setup, do it here
self.myLock=thread.allocate_lock()
self.myThreadCount = 0
self.running(False)
self.textAreas=[self.components.TextArea1,
self.components.TextArea2,
self.components.TextArea3, self.components.TextArea4]
return
def on_menuFileStart_select(self, event):
res=MyBackgroundWorker(self).start()
def on_menuFileStop_select(self, event):
self.running(False)
self.menuBar.setEnabled("menuFileStart", True)
def on_Stop_mouseClick(self, event):
self.on_menuFileStop_select(event)
def running(self, flag=None):
self.myLock.acquire()
if flag!=None:
self.runningFlag=flag
flag=self.runningFlag
self.myLock.release()
return flag
class MyBackgroundWorker(threading.Thread):
def __init__(self, parent):
threading.Thread.__init__(self)
self.parent=parent
self.parent.myLock.acquire()
threadCount=self.parent.myThreadCount
self.parent.myLock.release()
self.textArea=self.parent.textAreas[threadCount]
def run(self):
self.parent.myLock.acquire()
self.parent.myThreadCount += 1
if self.parent.myThreadCount==len(self.parent.textAreas):
self.parent.menuBar.setEnabled("menuFileStart", False)
self.parent.myLock.release()
self.parent.on_menuFileStart_exe(self.t
Pywin32 Excel question
I posted the following message to the Pywin32 list but if anybody here
can help, it would be appreciated very much.
Hi list,
I have a need to copy 3 rows of data from the top of my Excel
spreadsheet to another location. I would have throught that this
should be very straightforward since I've done a fair amount of
Excel/Python programming. Unforturnately, I am stuck on this one.
The VB Macro says I need to:
Range("1:1,2:2,3:3").Select
Range("A3").Activate
Selection.Copy
Rows("20:20").Select
ActiveSheet.Paste
So, I figure the Python code would be something like:
1) xlSheet=xlApp.ActiveWorkbook.ActiveSheet
2) xlSel=xlSheet.Range("1:1,2:2,3:3").Select()
3) #xlSel=xlSheet.Range("A3").Activate()
4) xlSel.Copy()
5) xlSheet.Rows("20:20").Select()
6) xlSheet.Paste()
Unfortunately, this doesn't work. After line 2, xlSel becomes "True" -
not a "Selection" and so the code fails at line 4). I am not sure why
I have to do the "Activate" on line 3 but it didn't matter, the code
still fails at line 4.
What am I doing wrong?
Any help is greatly appreciated.
Regards,
--
http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Pywin32 Excel question
Somebody on the Pywin32 list helped. The problem is that:
xlSel=xlSheet.Range("1:1,2:2,3:3").Select()
is wrong.
It should be:
xlSel=xlSheet.Range("1:1,2:2,3:3")
xlSel.Select()
Then I can do the rest.
And no, you don't want to do the xlSheet.Copy(). That copies the
entire workbook and you end up with a new workbook.
But you have to do xlSheet.Paste(). Go figure!
[EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote:
> John Henry wrote:
> > I posted the following message to the Pywin32 list but if anybody here
> > can help, it would be appreciated very much.
> >
> >
> > Hi list,
> >
> > I have a need to copy 3 rows of data from the top of my Excel
> > spreadsheet to another location. I would have throught that this
> > should be very straightforward since I've done a fair amount of
> > Excel/Python programming. Unforturnately, I am stuck on this one.
> >
> > The VB Macro says I need to:
> >
> > Range("1:1,2:2,3:3").Select
> > Range("A3").Activate
> > Selection.Copy
> > Rows("20:20").Select
> > ActiveSheet.Paste
> >
> > So, I figure the Python code would be something like:
> >
> >
> > 1) xlSheet=xlApp.ActiveWorkbook.ActiveSheet
> > 2) xlSel=xlSheet.Range("1:1,2:2,3:3").Select()
> > 3) #xlSel=xlSheet.Range("A3").Activate()
> > 4) xlSel.Copy()
> > 5) xlSheet.Rows("20:20").Select()
> > 6) xlSheet.Paste()
> >
> > Unfortunately, this doesn't work. After line 2, xlSel becomes "True" -
> > not a "Selection" and so the code fails at line 4). I am not sure why
> > I have to do the "Activate" on line 3 but it didn't matter, the code
> > still fails at line 4.
>
> My first guess is that the True returned in step 2 merely tells you
> the requested selection succeeded (the cells on the worksheet
> became highlighted). What would happen if you requested 500
> columns? Would you get False?
>
> My second guess is that step 4 should be xlSheet.Copy() based
> on your using xlSheet.Paste().
>
> For that matter, step 5 doesn't assign the result of the select to a
> variable. Perhaps that indicates that the assignment isn't necessary?
> Or maybe you should test that the selection succeeded before
> attempting to paste?
>
> >
> >
> > What am I doing wrong?
> >
> > Any help is greatly appreciated.
> >
> > Regards,
--
http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
What's the cleanest way to compare 2 dictionary?
Hi list, I am sure there are many ways of doing comparision but I like to see what you would do if you have 2 dictionary sets (containing lots of data - like 2 keys and each key contains a dozen or so of records) and you want to build a list of differences about these two sets. I like to end up with 3 lists: what's in A and not in B, what's in B and not in A, and of course, what's in both A and B. What do you think is the cleanest way to do it? (I am sure you will come up with ways that astonishes me :=) ) Thanks, -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: What's the cleanest way to compare 2 dictionary?
Paddy wrote:
> John Henry wrote:
> > Hi list,
> >
> > I am sure there are many ways of doing comparision but I like to see
> > what you would do if you have 2 dictionary sets (containing lots of
> > data - like 2 keys and each key contains a dozen or so of records)
> > and you want to build a list of differences about these two sets.
> >
> > I like to end up with 3 lists: what's in A and not in B, what's in B
> > and not in A, and of course, what's in both A and B.
> >
> > What do you think is the cleanest way to do it? (I am sure you will
> > come up with ways that astonishes me :=) )
> >
> > Thanks,
> I make it 4 bins:
> a_exclusive_keys
> b_exclusive_keys
> common_keys_equal_values
> common_keys_diff_values
>
> Something like:
>
> a={1:1, 2:2,3:3,4:4}
> b = {2:2, 3:-3, 5:5}
> keya=set(a.keys())
> keyb=set(b.keys())
> a_xclusive = keya - keyb
> b_xclusive = keyb - keya
> _common = keya & keyb
> common_eq = set(k for k in _common if a[k] == b[k])
> common_neq = _common - common_eq
>
>
> If you now simple set arithmatic, it should read OK.
>
> - Paddy.
Thanks, that's very clean. Give me good reason to move up to Python
2.4.
--
http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: What's the cleanest way to compare 2 dictionary?
John Henry wrote:
> Paddy wrote:
> > John Henry wrote:
> > > Hi list,
> > >
> > > I am sure there are many ways of doing comparision but I like to see
> > > what you would do if you have 2 dictionary sets (containing lots of
> > > data - like 2 keys and each key contains a dozen or so of records)
> > > and you want to build a list of differences about these two sets.
> > >
> > > I like to end up with 3 lists: what's in A and not in B, what's in B
> > > and not in A, and of course, what's in both A and B.
> > >
> > > What do you think is the cleanest way to do it? (I am sure you will
> > > come up with ways that astonishes me :=) )
> > >
> > > Thanks,
> > I make it 4 bins:
> > a_exclusive_keys
> > b_exclusive_keys
> > common_keys_equal_values
> > common_keys_diff_values
> >
> > Something like:
> >
> > a={1:1, 2:2,3:3,4:4}
> > b = {2:2, 3:-3, 5:5}
> > keya=set(a.keys())
> > keyb=set(b.keys())
> > a_xclusive = keya - keyb
> > b_xclusive = keyb - keya
> > _common = keya & keyb
> > common_eq = set(k for k in _common if a[k] == b[k])
> > common_neq = _common - common_eq
> >
> >
> > If you now simple set arithmatic, it should read OK.
> >
> > - Paddy.
>
> Thanks, that's very clean. Give me good reason to move up to Python
> 2.4.
Oh, wait, works in 2.3 too.
Just have to:
from sets import Set as set
--
http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: What's the cleanest way to compare 2 dictionary?
John,
Yes, there are several scenerios.
a) Comparing keys only.
That's been answered (although I haven't gotten it to work under 2.3
yet)
b) Comparing records.
Now it gets more fun - as you pointed out. I was assuming that there
is no short cut here. If the key exists on both set, and if I wish to
know if the records are the same, I would have to do record by record
comparsion. However, since there are only a handful of records per
key, this wouldn't be so bad. Maybe I just overload the compare
operator or something.
John Machin wrote:
> John Henry wrote:
> > Hi list,
> >
> > I am sure there are many ways of doing comparision but I like to see
> > what you would do if you have 2 dictionary sets (containing lots of
> > data - like 2 keys and each key contains a dozen or so of records)
> > and you want to build a list of differences about these two sets.
> >
> > I like to end up with 3 lists: what's in A and not in B, what's in B
> > and not in A, and of course, what's in both A and B.
> >
> > What do you think is the cleanest way to do it? (I am sure you will
> > come up with ways that astonishes me :=) )
> >
>
> Paddy has already pointed out a necessary addition to your requirement
> definition: common keys with different values.
>
> Here's another possible addition: you say that "each key contains a
> dozen or so of records". I presume that you mean like this:
>
> a = {1: ['rec1a', 'rec1b'], 42: ['rec42a', 'rec42b']} # "dozen" -> 2 to
> save typing :-)
>
> Now that happens if the other dictionary contains:
>
> b = {1: ['rec1a', 'rec1b'], 42: ['rec42b', 'rec42a']}
>
> Key 42 would be marked as different by Paddy's classification, but the
> values are the same, just not in the same order. How do you want to
> treat that? avalue == bvalue? sorted(avalue) == sorted(bvalue)? Oh, and
> are you sure the buckets don't contain duplicates? Maybe you need
> set(avalue) == set(bvalue). What about 'rec1a' vs 'Rec1a' vs 'REC1A'?
>
> All comparisons are equal, but some comparisons are more equal than
> others :-)
>
> Cheers,
> John
--
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Re: using python to edit a word file?
John Salerno wrote:
> I figured my first step is to install the win32 extension, which I did,
> but I can't seem to find any documentation for it. A couple of the links
> on Mark Hammond's site don't seem to work.
>
> Anyway, all I need to do is search in the Word document for certain
> strings and either delete them or replace them. Easy enough, if only I
> knew which function, etc. to use.
>
> Hope someone can push me in the right direction.
>
> Thanks.
The easiest way for me to do things like this is to do it in Word and
record a VB Macro. For instance you will see something like this:
Selection.Find.ClearFormatting
Selection.Find.Replacement.ClearFormatting
With Selection.Find
.Text = "save it"
.Replacement.Text = "dont save it"
.Forward = True
.Wrap = wdFindContinue
.Format = False
.MatchCase = False
.MatchWholeWord = False
.MatchByte = False
.CorrectHangulEndings = False
.MatchAllWordForms = False
.MatchSoundsLike = False
.MatchWildcards = False
.MatchFuzzy = False
End With
Selection.Find.Execute Replace:=wdReplaceAll
and then hand translate it to Win32 Python, like:
wordApp = Dispatch("Word.Application")
wordDoc=wordApp.Documents.Add(...some word file name...)
wordRange=wordDoc.Range(0,0).Select()
sel=wordApp.Selection
sel.Find.ClearFormatting()
sel.Find.Replacement.ClearFormatting()
sel.Find.Text = "save it"
sel.Find.Replacement.Text = "dont save it"
sel.Find.Forward = True
sel.Find.Wrap = constants.wdFindContinue
sel.Find.Format = False
sel.Find.MatchCase = False
sel.Find.MatchWholeWord = False
sel.Find.MatchByte = False
sel.Find.CorrectHangulEndings = False
sel.Find.MatchAllWordForms = False
sel.Find.MatchSoundsLike = False
sel.Find.MatchWildcards = False
sel.Find.MatchFuzzy = False
sel.Find.Find.Execute(Replace=constants.wdReplaceAll)
wordDoc.SaveAs(...some word file name...)
Can't say that this works as I typed because I haven't try it myself
but should give you a good start.
Make sure you run the makepy.py program in the
\python23\lib\site-packages\win32com\client directory and install the
"MS Word 11.0 Object Library (8.3)" (or something equivalent). On my
computers, this is not installed automatically and I have to remember
to do it myself or else things won't work.
Good Luck.
--
http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: What's the cleanest way to compare 2 dictionary?
John Machin wrote: > John Henry wrote: > > John, > > > > Yes, there are several scenerios. > > > > a) Comparing keys only. > > > > That's been answered (although I haven't gotten it to work under 2.3 > > yet) > > (1) What's the problem with getting it to work under 2.3? > (2) Why not upgrade? > Let me comment on this part first, I am still chewing other parts of your message. When I do it under 2.3, I get: common_eq = set(k for k in _common if a[k] == b[k]) ^ SyntaxError: invalid syntax Don't know why that is. I can't upgrade yet. Some part of my code doesn't compile under 2.4 and I haven't got a chance to investigate further. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: What's the cleanest way to compare 2 dictionary?
Thank you. That works. Marc 'BlackJack' Rintsch wrote: > In <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>, John Henry > wrote: > > > When I do it under 2.3, I get: > > > > common_eq = set(k for k in _common if a[k] == b[k]) > >^ > > SyntaxError: invalid syntax > > > > Don't know why that is. > > There are no generator expressions in 2.3. Turn it into a list > comprehension:: > > common_eq = set([k for k in _common if a[k] == b[k]]) > > Ciao, > Marc 'BlackJack' Rintsch -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Easy to use distributed system?
I've been using Pyro and it does what I needs it to do for me. I don't know if it's as fancy as other packages but the price is right. Jim Jones wrote: > I am looking for a system in Python that will easily allow me to distribute > processes across multiple systems?So, if I have a function 'foo', I'd > like to be able to call something along the lines of > > distribute(foo(x)) > > And have the system figure out which node is available for process, and then > have the results returned in some sort of callback fashion. > > Any insight is greatly appreciated. > > -- > Jim > http://www.runfatboy.net - Exercise for the rest of us. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: inheritance?
Is this what you're looking for? class baseClass: def __init__(self): def fromfile(self, fileObj, byteOrder=None): def getVR(self): def getGroup(self): def getElement(self): def getSize(self): def getData(self): class implicitClass(baseClass): def __init__(self): baseClass.__init__(self) def isIVR(self): #This is a class private method. class explicitClass(baseClass): def __init__(self): baseClass.__init__(self) KraftDiner wrote: > I have two classes: > > class implicitClass: >def __init__(self): >def isIVR(self): #This is a class private method. >def fromfile(self, fileObj, byteOrder): >def getVR(self): >def getGroup(self): >def getElement(self): >def getSize(self): >def getData(self): > > class explicitClass: >def __init__(self): >def fromfile(self, fileObj): >def getVR(self): >def getGroup(self): >def getElement(self): >def getSize(self): >def getData(self): > > > As you can see the interface is almost identical. > > How can I define a base class that will abstract > the type such that I don't know if its really and inplicit > or explicit object? -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: inheritance?
As others pointed out already, this kind of "if then else"
determination of type is best avoided.
If it looks like a duck, quakes like a duck, must be a duck.
KraftDiner wrote:
> Steven D'Aprano wrote:
> > On Tue, 15 Aug 2006 19:35:11 -0700, KraftDiner wrote:
> >
> > > I have two classes:
> > >
> > > class implicitClass:
> > >def __init__(self):
> > >def isIVR(self): #This is a class private method.
> >
> > The convention is to flag classes as "private" with a leading underscore:
> >
> > def _isIVR(self):
> >
> > or double underscores for "really private, no, honestly":
> >
> > def __isIVR(self):
> >
> > but google on "python name mangling" before using that.
> >
> > [snip]
> >
> > > As you can see the interface is almost identical.
> > >
> > > How can I define a base class that will abstract
> > > the type such that I don't know if its really and inplicit
> > > or explicit object?
> >
> > Something like this?
> >
> >
> > class baseClass:
> >def __init__(self):
> >raise NotImplementedError("Don't instantiate the base class!")
> >def fromfile(self):
> >def getElement(self):
> ># etc.
> >
> >
> > class implicitClass(baseClass):
> >def __init__(self):
> ># code
> >def _isIVR(self):
> ># code
> >def fromfile(self, fileObj, byteOrder):
> ># code
> > # etc.
> >
> > Now, you can define instance = implicitClass() or explicitClass(). When
> > you come to use instance, you don't need to know whether it is one or the
> > other. If you need to type-test, call "isinstance(instance, baseClass)".
> >
> > The only minor issue is that the fromfile method has a different
> > interface. If you really want to do duck typing, they need to have the
> > same interface. That might be as simple as:
> >
> > class explicitClass(baseClass):
> >def fromfile(self, fileObj, byteOrder=None):
> ># byteOrder is ignored; it is included only for
> ># compatibility with implicitClass
> >
> >
> > Is that what you're asking for?
> >
> Yes I believe so but in fromfile I want to call the appropriate
> method depending on the in a parameter in fromfile...
> like:
> class baseClass:
>def fromfile(self, fileObj, byteOrder=None, explicit=False):
> if explicit:
> call fromfile of explicit class
> else:
> call fromfile of implicit class
>
> How is that done?
>
>
> >
> >
> > --
> > Steven D'Aprano
--
http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: inheritance?
> Here I tried this example and maybe this will explain the difficulties
> I'm having.
> 1) at the time the baseClass is constructed shouldn't the constructor
> of the appropriate
> type be called.
Not automatically.
> 2) getName is doing nothing...
>
> class baseClass:
> def __init__(self):
> pass
> def fromfile(self, str):
> if (str == 'A'):
> a = typeA()
> else:
> a = typeB()
> def getName(self):
> pass
>
> class typeA(baseClass):
> def __init__(self):
> self.name='A'
> print 'typeA init'
> def fromfile(self, str=None):
> print 'typeA fromfile'
> def getName(self):
> print self.name
>
> class typeB(baseClass):
> def __init__(self):
> self.name='B'
> print 'typeB init'
> def fromfile(self, str=None):
> print 'typeB fromfile'
> def getName(self):
> print self.name
>
> bc = baseClass()
> bc.fromfile('A')
> bc.getName()
> bc.fromfile('B')
> bc.getName()
> bc.getName()
>
> log:
> typeA init
> typeB init
>
> >
> > --
> > Steven D'Aprano
Maybe this would help:
class baseClass:
def __init__(self, name):
self.name=name
print 'type'+self.name+' init'
def fromfile(self, str):
if (str == 'A'):
a = typeA()
else:
a = typeB()
def getName(self):
print self.name
class typeA(baseClass):
def __init__(self):
baseClass.__init__(self, "A")
def fromfile(self, str=None):
print 'type'+self.name+' fromfile'
class typeB(baseClass):
def __init__(self):
baseClass.__init__(self, "B")
def fromfile(self, str=None):
print 'type'+self.name+' fromfile'
bcA = typeA()
bcA.fromfile()
bcA.getName()
bcB = typeB()
bcB.fromfile()
bc.getName()
I think you're looking at objects in an inverted way.
typeA is a kind of baseClass, and so is typeB.
not:
baseClass consists of 2 subclasses A and B.
--
http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: inheritance?
Oops! Forgot to remove fromfile from baseClass. Wouldn't matter
though.
John Henry wrote:
> > Here I tried this example and maybe this will explain the difficulties
> > I'm having.
> > 1) at the time the baseClass is constructed shouldn't the constructor
> > of the appropriate
> > type be called.
>
> Not automatically.
>
> > 2) getName is doing nothing...
> >
> > class baseClass:
> > def __init__(self):
> > pass
> > def fromfile(self, str):
> > if (str == 'A'):
> > a = typeA()
> > else:
> > a = typeB()
> > def getName(self):
> > pass
> >
> > class typeA(baseClass):
> > def __init__(self):
> > self.name='A'
> > print 'typeA init'
> > def fromfile(self, str=None):
> > print 'typeA fromfile'
> > def getName(self):
> > print self.name
> >
> > class typeB(baseClass):
> > def __init__(self):
> > self.name='B'
> > print 'typeB init'
> > def fromfile(self, str=None):
> > print 'typeB fromfile'
> > def getName(self):
> > print self.name
> >
> > bc = baseClass()
> > bc.fromfile('A')
> > bc.getName()
> > bc.fromfile('B')
> > bc.getName()
> > bc.getName()
> >
> > log:
> > typeA init
> > typeB init
> >
>
> > >
> > > --
> > > Steven D'Aprano
>
> Maybe this would help:
>
> class baseClass:
> def __init__(self, name):
> self.name=name
> print 'type'+self.name+' init'
> def fromfile(self, str):
> if (str == 'A'):
> a = typeA()
> else:
> a = typeB()
> def getName(self):
> print self.name
>
> class typeA(baseClass):
> def __init__(self):
> baseClass.__init__(self, "A")
> def fromfile(self, str=None):
> print 'type'+self.name+' fromfile'
>
> class typeB(baseClass):
> def __init__(self):
> baseClass.__init__(self, "B")
> def fromfile(self, str=None):
> print 'type'+self.name+' fromfile'
>
> bcA = typeA()
> bcA.fromfile()
> bcA.getName()
>
> bcB = typeB()
> bcB.fromfile()
> bc.getName()
>
> I think you're looking at objects in an inverted way.
>
> typeA is a kind of baseClass, and so is typeB.
>
> not:
>
> baseClass consists of 2 subclasses A and B.
--
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Re: Find out the name of a variable passed as an argument
Algol, anyone? Andreas Huesgen wrote: > Hello everybody, > > is there a way to receive the name of an object passed to a function > from within the function. > > something like > > def foo(param): > print theNameOfTheVariablePassedToParam > > var1 = "hello" > var2 = "world" > > >>> foo(var1) > var1 > > >>> foo(var2) > var2 > > thanks in advance, > > greets > > Andreas Huesgen -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Need array help
Others posted answer to your question. If you are serious about programming in Python, I highly recommend that you don't try to think in terms of "I did this in Visual Basic, how do I do this in Python". You'll end up with Python code that are nothing but a VB look alike. As recommended by others, go througth the tutorial. It will be time well spent. Marion Long Jr wrote: > I am switching from microsoft visual basic programming to python > programming. In microsoft > visual basic you can Dim a variable so that you can add variables by > changing the number > on the end of the variable as in the following example; > > Dim acct(100) > > numoffiles=4 > data=10 > ct=1 > while ct <> numoffiles > acctfile(ct) = data > ct= ct + 1 > data= data + ct > Wend > The results are; > acctfile(1)=10 > acctfile(2)=12 > acctfile(3)=15 > > And you can compare the values of the new variables; > if acctfile(1) > acctfile(2) then print "yes" > if acctfile(2) > acctfile(1) then print "yes" > > when I try to create acctfile(ct) = data I get the following error; > ***can't assign to function call. Then it gives the program line of the > problem > Here is the progam in python; > > numoffiles=4 > data=10 > ct=1 > > while ct != numoffiles: > acctfile(ct) =data > ct += 1 > data= data + ct > print acctfile(ct) > > Does anybody know how this is done in Python? -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Converting existing module/objects to threads
Making your code run in thread mode isn't the hard part. Just add this: import threading class subcontrollerThread(threading.Thread, subcontroller): def __init__(self,id,configurationFile): threading.Thread.__init__(self) subcontroller.__init__(self,id,configurationFile) def run(self): self.process() threads=[] # Say we have 5 of the subprocesses for iThread in range(5): th=subcontrollerThread(iThread,configurationFile) threads.append(th) th.start() ...main thread do whatever... However, you have to make sure the code inside subcontroller is thread safe. That's a topic in itself. [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: > I have inheirted some existing code, that i will explain in a moment, > have needed to extend and ultimately should be able to run in threads. > I've done a bunch of work with python but very little with threads and > am looking for some pointers on how to implement, and if the lower > level modules/objects need to be rewritten to use threading.local for > all local variables. > > I have a module that communicates with a hardware device, which reads > data off of sensors, that can only talk with one controller at a time. > The controller (my module) needs to (in its simplest form) init, > configure the device, request data, and write out xml, sleep, repeat. > > The new request is that the device needs to be queried until a > condition is true, and then start requesting data. So an instance of a > controller needs to be deadicated to a hardware device forever, or > until the program endswhich ever comes first. > > This currently works in a non-threaded version, but only for one device > at a time, there is a need to create a single windows(yeach) service > that talks to many of these devices at once. I don't need worker > threads that handle seperate portions of the entire job, i need a > single application to spawn multiple processes to run through the > entire communication from configure to report, sleep until the next > interval time and run again. The communication could last from 1 > minute to 10 minutes before it ends. > > > Here is the code layout in pseudocode. > > module.Object - controller.Main - handles all socket communications > > class subcontroller(controller.Main): > def __init__(self,id,configurationFile): >controller.Main.__init__(self) >// instantiate variables and local objects that handle > configuration, logic and data output > > def configure(self,configurationFile): > //read configurationFile and configure device > > def process(self): > while 1: > //based on configuration file, query the device until condition > is true and then write xml, sleep until time to repeat and run again. > > within controller there are 5 objects and subcontroller is a sinlge > object that loads other objects from the inherited controller.System > > I'm trying to figure out how difficult it is going to be to convert > this to a threaded application. The original controller.Main is built > to talk to devices in series, never in parallel. so no objects are > considered to be thread safe, but no instance of any of the objects > should need to share resources with any other instance of teh same > object. they would all have unique configuration files and talk to > devices on unique ip/ports. > > on a unix system, forking,while potentially not optimal, would be a > fine solution, unfortunantely this needs to run on windows. > > I know i have left out many details, but hopefully this is enough to at > least enable some kind soles to lend an opinnion or two. > > many thanks > jd -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: python GUIs comparison (want)
[EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: > Now i began to learn GUI programming. There are so many > choices of GUI in the python world, wxPython, pyGTK, PyQT, > Tkinter, .etc, it's difficult for a novice to decide, however. > Can you draw a comparison among them on easy coding, pythonish design, > beautiful and generous looking, powerful development toolkit, and > sufficient documentation, .etc. > It's helpful for a GUI beginner. > Thank you. > > > :)Sorry for my poor english. I like Pythoncard. Simple. Get the job done fast. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Dealing with multiple sets
Hi list, If I have a bunch of sets: a = set((1, 2, 3)) b = set((2, 3)) c = set((1, 3)) What's the cleanest way to say: 1) Give me a list of the items that are in all of the sets? (3 in the above example) 2) Give me a list of the items that are not in all of the sets? (1,2 in the above example) Thanks, -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Dealing with multiple sets
Oops. Forgot to mention, I am still using 2.3. John Henry wrote: > Hi list, > > If I have a bunch of sets: > > a = set((1, 2, 3)) > b = set((2, 3)) > c = set((1, 3)) > > > What's the cleanest way to say: > > 1) Give me a list of the items that are in all of the sets? (3 in the > above example) > 2) Give me a list of the items that are not in all of the sets? (1,2 in > the above example) > > Thanks, -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Dealing with multiple sets
Aye! I did a: a and b and c Bonk! Thanks, Tim Peters wrote: > [John Henry] > > If I have a bunch of sets: > > > > a = set((1, 2, 3)) > > b = set((2, 3)) > > c = set((1, 3)) > > > > > > What's the cleanest way to say: > > > > 1) Give me a list of the items that are in all of the sets? (3 in the > > above example) > > list(a & b & c) > > > 2) Give me a list of the items that are not in all of the sets? (1,2 in > > the above example) > > list((a | b | c) - (a & b & c)) -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Dealing with multiple sets
Oh, great. Learn something new everyday. For this, what I did was to build up a string, and then use eval on the string. Very ugly. Now I can simply do a reduce. Thanks, Brian Beck wrote: > John Henry wrote: > > What's the cleanest way to say: > > > > 1) Give me a list of the items that are in all of the sets? (3 in the > > above example) > > 2) Give me a list of the items that are not in all of the sets? (1,2 in > > the above example) > > > > Thanks, > > If you have an arbitrary list of sets, reduce comes in handy: > > See this recipe: > http://aspn.activestate.com/ASPN/Cookbook/Python/Recipe/476215 > > py> sets = [set((1, 2, 3)), set((2, 3)), set((1, 3))] > py> reduce(set.intersection, sets) > set([3]) > > py> reduce(set.union, sets) > set([1, 2, 3]) > > py> reduce(set.union, sets) - reduce(set.intersection, sets) > set([1, 2]) > > -- > Brian Beck > Adventurer of the First Order -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: ANN: Leo 4.4.2.1 final released
I downloaded the Windows exe, ran it and a small blank message window poped up and that was it. I am still running 2.3. Edward K. Ream wrote: > Leo 4.4.2.1 final is now available at: > http://sourceforge.net/project/showfiles.php?group_id=3458&package_id=29106 > > Leo 4.4.2.1 final fixes a recent bug that caused Leo not to create the > .leoRecentFiles.txt file properly in some situations. There are no known > significant bugs in this version of Leo. > > Leo 4.4.2 final fixes a few bugs and adds support for pymacs. > > Leo is a text editor, data organizer, project manager and much more. See: > http://webpages.charter.net/edreamleo/intro.html > > The highlights of Leo 4.4.2: > > - You can now store settings in myLeoSettings.leo without fear of those > settings > being changed by cvs updates or in future versions of Leo. > - Leo's vnode and tnode classes are now completely independent of the rest > of Leo. > Some api's have been changed. This 'big reorg' and may affect scripts and > plugins. > - Leo's vnode and tnode classes can optionally be compatible with ZODB > databases, > i.e., they can optionally derive from ZODB.Persistence.Persistent. > See Chapter 17: Using ZODB with Leo for details. > - The leoOPML plugin defines commands to read and write OPML files. > - The slideshow plugin allows Leo to run slideshows defined by @slideshow > and @slide nodes. > - The leo_to_rtf and leo_to_html plugins create rtf and html files from Leo > outlines. > - Much faster navigation through the outline. > - When focus is in the outline pane, you can move to headlines by typing the > first letter of headlines. > - The find command now optionally closes nodes not needed to show the node > containing the present match. > - Numerous changes that make Leo easier to use without using a mouse, > including new commands and options. > - Many new minibuffer commands now appear in the Cmds menu. > - A sax parser can now optionally read .leo files. > > Links: > -- > Leo:http://webpages.charter.net/edreamleo/front.html > What's new: http://webpages.charter.net/edreamleo/new-4-4-2.html > Home: http://sourceforge.net/projects/leo/ > Download: http://sourceforge.net/project/showfiles.php?group_id=3458 > CVS:http://leo.tigris.org/source/browse/leo/ > Leo's Wiki: http://leo.zwiki.org/FrontPage > Wikipedia: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leo_%28text_editor%29 > Quotes: http://webpages.charter.net/edreamleo/testimonials.html > > > Edward K. Ream email: [EMAIL PROTECTED] > Leo: http://webpages.charter.net/edreamleo/front.html > -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: scared about refrences...
I am no Python guru - just an ordinary user. There is nothing "scary" about this. There are (many) situations where this is actually *desirable* but of course there are (many) situations where this is an unwelcomed side-effect. In situations where I don't want this to happen, I simply pass down the list as an non-mutable object (like converting the list to a tuple). It took me a little bit of getting used to this concept as well: everything is either a mutable object, or a non-mutable object. I just have to throw away trying to use concept of "pointers" in Python. SpreadTooThin wrote: > I'm really worried that python may is doing some things I wasn't > expecting... but lets see... > > if I pass a list to a function def fn(myList): > > and in that function I modify an element in the list, then does the > callers list get modied as well. > > def fn(list): >list[1] = 0 > > myList = [1, 2, 3] > print myList > fn(myList) > print myList > > >>> [1,2,3] > >>> [1,0,3] > > How can I avoid this? In this case this is a really simplified example > but the effects are the same... > How do I specify or create deep copies of objects that may contain > other objects that may contain other > object that may contain other objects -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: ANN: Leo 4.4.2.1 final released
Yes, it's Python 2.3, running under Windows XP. I managed to get it working using the ZIP file. Thanks, Edward K. Ream wrote: > >I downloaded the Windows exe, ran it and a small blank message window poped > >up and that was it. > > I am still running 2.3. > > I assume you mean Python 2.3, not Leo 2.3 :-) I know for sure that Leo > works with Python 2.3. In the future, please report problems to one of Leo's > forums. And when reporting problems please tell me what platform you are > using. > > You can probably see more information by running Leo in a console. See > Leo's FAQ for instructions: > http://webpages.charter.net/edreamleo/FAQ.html#how-can-i-run-leo-from-a-console-window > > Edward > > Edward K. Ream email: [EMAIL PROTECTED] > Leo: http://webpages.charter.net/edreamleo/front.html > -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: ANN: Leo 4.4.2.1 final released
Yes, it's Python 2.3, running under Windows XP. I managed to get it working using the ZIP file. Thanks, Edward K. Ream wrote: > >I downloaded the Windows exe, ran it and a small blank message window poped > >up and that was it. > > I am still running 2.3. > > I assume you mean Python 2.3, not Leo 2.3 :-) I know for sure that Leo > works with Python 2.3. In the future, please report problems to one of Leo's > forums. And when reporting problems please tell me what platform you are > using. > > You can probably see more information by running Leo in a console. See > Leo's FAQ for instructions: > http://webpages.charter.net/edreamleo/FAQ.html#how-can-i-run-leo-from-a-console-window > > Edward > > Edward K. Ream email: [EMAIL PROTECTED] > Leo: http://webpages.charter.net/edreamleo/front.html > -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: python GUIs comparison (want)
Yes, from a easy of use standpoint, I agree that PythonCard is very high on the list. Unfortunately there isn't more "activities" as one would like to see. On the other hand, that's typical of open-source projects. We can always roll up our sleeves and do it ourselves. At least the multicolumn control isn't particularly complex, should be able to figure out from the source code how to sort. I believe I did that some time ago. I believe I ended up reshuffling the list... metaperl wrote: > [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: > > Paul Boddie wrote: > > > > """The figures behind the scenes are quite enlightening for that > > particular page. If you (or community experiences) don't agree with the > > > > rankings (wxPython apparently even easier to learn than PythonCard and > > Tinder, a bunch of Gtk-based toolkits having more or less "full" Linux > > scores) then you'll have some surprises, I'm sure. Nevertheless, it's > > an interesting concept. """ > > > > Well, I don't know what I was thinking, exactly, when I rated > > PythonCard's ease of use...so I went back and changed it to rate it a > > lot higher. The ratings in this script were done a long time ago now > > I dropped Pythoncard when I could not sort multi column lists and when > I posted to the email list and no one answered me. > > But prior to that it was great. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: adding python scripting to my application
Take a look at: http://www.swig.org/ Julian wrote: > Hi, first of all, I have to say I am new to Python. I have been working > with a finite element analysis program written in c++. now, I am trying > to 'rebuild' this code (possibly a full re-write) with scripting > capability. I did some reading on the web, and found that there are two > ways to do this : extending and embedding. and I still haven't figured > out what I should be using. I guess the first thing is to figure out > what I am to do with the scripting capability - at the very least, I > would like to run parametric analyses - run multiple analysis models by > changing certain parameters using for loops. > i found that the commercial fea package - abaqus uses python as well - > I don't know whether they embedded or extended ? is there any way to > find out? > another fea application called OOF2 > (http://www.ctcms.nist.gov/oof/oof2/#features) says "OOF2 is completely > scriptable in Python". and I don't really understand what that means... > maybe I haven't grasped the full potential of what python scripting > could do for an fea program. > > can you tell me how to decide what path I should take - embed or extend > ? or maybe some one could point me to some document/webpage that talks > about this. > > thanks a lot, > Julian. > > PS, my fea program uses its own script to read the analysis model > information using the c++ iostream and our own parsing functions - but > I don't have to stick to those function when I am writing the new code. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: auto indent
M.N.Smadi wrote: > Hi there; > > i have a script that is not indented properly. Is there a way that i can > have it auto indented. > > thanks > moe smadi It depends what exactly you mean. I use Textpad and they have an "indent selected block" feature. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: shutil: permission denied errors on windows
I use the copy function a lot and never have problem. I suggest that
you write a no brainer standalone test code and if it still fails
there, then you have a problem with your installation.
Antoine De Groote wrote:
> Google tells quite some things about it, but none of them are satisfactory.
>
> I'm on Windows, and shutil operations (e.g. move, copy) throw [Errno 13]
> Permission denied all the time, for the source files. It seems that this
> is the case for all my files. But what I don't understand is that
> yesterday it still worked. I didn't change anything on my system though
> (at least not that I am aware of). I restarted the computer several
> times to see if that helped, but it didn't. Also I can't find a process
> that would be using the files...
>
> Has anybody experienced this problem before, or have a solution?
>
> Kind regards,
> antoine
>
> Here's the code that throws the errors
>
> [...]
> for l in files:
> from_file = os.path.join(dir, l)
> to_file = from_file.replace(tree_top, backup_dir)
> try:
> if not os.path.exists(to_file):
> log('Copying new %s' % from_file)
> counter_new += 1
> shutil.copy2(from_file, to_file)
> elif int(os.path.getmtime(from_file)) >
> int(os.path.getmtime(to_file)):
> log('Copying modified %s' % from_file)
> counter_mod += 1
> shutil.copy2(from_file, to_file)
> elif os.path.getsize(from_file) > os.path.getsize(to_file):
> log('Sizes differ, but not rest: Copying %s' %
> from_file)
> counter_special += 1
> shutil.copy2(from_file, to_file)
> elif os.path.getsize(from_file) < os.path.getsize(to_file):
> log('Orig file smaller than backup file: Copying
> %s' % from_file)
> counter_special += 1
> shutil.copy2(to_file, backup_dir+'DIFF_SIZE')
> shutil.copy2(from_file, to_file)
> else:
> #log('not treated: %s' % l)
> pass
>
> except (OSError, IOError), e:
> not_accessible += 1
> print e
> [...]
--
http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: wing ide vs. komodo?
"cool" is in the eyes of the beholder. While I agree that this can be useful in some situations, I find it very annoying when all I want (and need) to do is a simple dumber search and yet it tells me tons of useless searches that I don't care for. The inability to debug multi-threaded applications is pretty annoying too. It's unacceptable that a "professional" level debugger can't handle multithreaded code. But then again, I depend on Wing everyday. I just have to build my code with lots of "if debugging, don't thread else thread" type of constructs... vj wrote: > Forgot to mention WING's file search and replace is pretty cool and > powerful. It keeps checking changes in a different thread. If you want > to change yyy in say 100 files you would: > > 1. specify yyy in the search window > 2. A list of files get displayed with matching yyy > 3. As you fix replace yyy in the files the list of files with matching > yyy reduces automatically. This is very cool and very useful. > > Another thing I like about WING is that it warns you if you have tabs > ans spaces mixed in a file. > > The embedded python shell is also a useful feature. > > VJ -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: shutil: permission denied errors on windows
Okay, it's always good that strange things are repeatable and happens
with simple scripts.
Are you saying "a" is a folder? So, the failure is only with copying
folder? Not individual file?
Antoine De Groote wrote:
> Yes it's strange, I never had the problem before, either. It seems now
> to be only the case for folders. A very simple
>
> shutil.copy('a', 'b')
>
> already fails with the error message.
>
> I reinstalled Python, but that didn't change anything...
>
> Regards,
> antoine
>
> John Henry wrote:
> > I use the copy function a lot and never have problem. I suggest that
> > you write a no brainer standalone test code and if it still fails
> > there, then you have a problem with your installation.
> >
> > Antoine De Groote wrote:
> >> Google tells quite some things about it, but none of them are satisfactory.
> >>
> >> I'm on Windows, and shutil operations (e.g. move, copy) throw [Errno 13]
> >> Permission denied all the time, for the source files. It seems that this
> >> is the case for all my files. But what I don't understand is that
> >> yesterday it still worked. I didn't change anything on my system though
> >> (at least not that I am aware of). I restarted the computer several
> >> times to see if that helped, but it didn't. Also I can't find a process
> >> that would be using the files...
> >>
> >> Has anybody experienced this problem before, or have a solution?
> >>
> >> Kind regards,
> >> antoine
> >>
> >> Here's the code that throws the errors
> >>
> >> [...]
> >> for l in files:
> >> from_file = os.path.join(dir, l)
> >> to_file = from_file.replace(tree_top, backup_dir)
> >> try:
> >> if not os.path.exists(to_file):
> >> log('Copying new %s' % from_file)
> >> counter_new += 1
> >> shutil.copy2(from_file, to_file)
> >> elif int(os.path.getmtime(from_file)) >
> >> int(os.path.getmtime(to_file)):
> >> log('Copying modified %s' % from_file)
> >> counter_mod += 1
> >> shutil.copy2(from_file, to_file)
> >> elif os.path.getsize(from_file) >
> >> os.path.getsize(to_file):
> >> log('Sizes differ, but not rest: Copying %s' %
> >> from_file)
> >> counter_special += 1
> >> shutil.copy2(from_file, to_file)
> >> elif os.path.getsize(from_file) <
> >> os.path.getsize(to_file):
> >> log('Orig file smaller than backup file: Copying
> >> %s' % from_file)
> >> counter_special += 1
> >> shutil.copy2(to_file, backup_dir+'DIFF_SIZE')
> >> shutil.copy2(from_file, to_file)
> >> else:
> >> #log('not treated: %s' % l)
> >> pass
> >>
> >> except (OSError, IOError), e:
> >> not_accessible += 1
> >> print e
> >> [...]
> >
--
http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Pyro stability
Being a non-professional programmer, I've managed to use Pyro to do what I need to do with very minimal fuss. In fact, I don't even understand a lot of what's under the cover. All I did was to mimic what one of the sample program is doing and adapted it to my need. So far I am very happy with Pyro. And no, I don't need to use profanity to describe to you how amazing I think Pyro is. :=) writeson wrote: > Hi all, > > At work I'm considering proposing a solution for our distributed > processing system (a web based shopping cart that feeds an actual > printing production line) based on Pyro. I've done some minor > experiments with this and Pyro looks interesting and like a good > implementation of what I want. I've got a couple of questions though: > > 1) Has anyone had any experience with Pyro, and if so, have you had > any stability, or memory use issues running Pyro servers or nameservers > on the various participating computers? (We have a mixed environment of > Linux and Windows, but will be heading to an all Linux (RedHat) > environment soon. > > 2) One of the guys I work with is more inclined to set up XMLRPC > communication between the processes, and he is also leery of running > daemon processes. His solution is to have essentially Python CGI code > that responds to the various XMLRPC requests. Does anyone have any > opinions on this? I know what mine are already. :) > > 3) I've considered using CORBA, which is more powerful, and certainly > faster, but it's complexity to set up compared to the rather simple > work I'm trying to do seems prohibative. Does anyone have any thoughts > on this? > > Thanks in advance, > Doug -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: How to choose the right GUI toolkit ?
John Salerno wrote: > Dan Lenski wrote: > > > So, is there another toolkit I should be looking at? > > I highly recommend wxPython. It's very mature, full-featured, and > portable, and fairly easy to learn as well. I can't really compare it to > other toolkits (not having used any of them, except Tkinter), but it's > definitely one of the most popular and well-supported ones out there. > > http://www.wxpython.org/ I highly recommend that you try PythonCard (which sits on top of wxPython). You can get productive very very quickly. Take a look at: http://pythoncard.sourceforge.net/walkthrough1.html -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
decorators
I must be very thick. I keep reading about what decorators are and I still don't have a good feel about it. See, for example: http://alex.dojotoolkit.org/?p=564 What exactly do I use decorators for? -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
decorators
I must be very thick. I keep reading about what decorators are and I still don't have a good feel about it. See, for example: http://alex.dojotoolkit.org/?p=564 and: http://soiland.no/software/decorator What exactly do I use decorators for? -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: How to choose the right GUI toolkit ?
Dan Lenski wrote: > > John H.: thanks for pointing out pythoncard. This looks like it might > be an excellent substitute for LabView-like GUIs, which all my > coworkers like. I personally refuse to read or write LabView code, on > the grounds that its syntax causes severe brain damage and is > completely unportable. But that's a flame for another thread, so to > speak... > > Thanks, > Dan I assume you meant that the example programs looks LabView-like GUIs? PythonCard itself has nothing in common with LabView. It's more like HyperCard. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: How to choose the right GUI toolkit ?
Steve Holden wrote: > > > You may find that it starts out fine, but becomes less satisfactory as > the sophistication of your interfaces increases. Then the problem will > be that migration to another platform demands a substantial rewrite of > your application (I have done this for a fairly small app). > It all depends on what you need. You can always "drop down" to calling wxPython. > I don't think PythonCard gets much maintenance nowadays. > Funny you mention that. I started that discussion on the PythonCard list only yesterday. While it's true that the web pages hasn't been updated to follow up with the developments, I am delighted to learn that there has been quite a bit of work going on. Again, it all depends on what your needs are. If you need to become productive in a hurry, and you are not exactly chasing after the latest widget, my recommendation is to go with PythonCard. > regards > Steve > -- > Steve Holden +44 150 684 7255 +1 800 494 3119 > Holden Web LLC/Ltd http://www.holdenweb.com > Skype: holdenweb http://holdenweb.blogspot.com > Recent Ramblings http://del.icio.us/steve.holden -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: How to choose the right GUI toolkit ?
Bill Maxwell wrote: > On 8 Nov 2006 11:49:07 -0800, "John Henry" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> > wrote: > > > > >John Salerno wrote: > >> Dan Lenski wrote: > >> > >> > So, is there another toolkit I should be looking at? > >> > >> I highly recommend wxPython. It's very mature, full-featured, and > >> portable, and fairly easy to learn as well. I can't really compare it to > >> other toolkits (not having used any of them, except Tkinter), but it's > >> definitely one of the most popular and well-supported ones out there. > >> > >> http://www.wxpython.org/ > > > >I highly recommend that you try PythonCard (which sits on top of > >wxPython). You can get productive very very quickly. Take a look at: > > > >http://pythoncard.sourceforge.net/walkthrough1.html > > > I took a brief look at PythonCard almost a year ago and got discouraged > by what I found, so I stopped looking at it. I've inserted my notes > from back then, below. Does anybody know if these things have been > fixed in the latest release? > > Bill > > > = > My notes from Fri Dec-23-2005: > > This is a list of gripes I have while trying to learn about PythonCard. > I'm trying to investigate various GUI builders for Python, and > PythonCard looks promising, but a lot of things are getting in the way. > > I installed yesterday, using this installer: > PythonCard-0.8.1.FIXED.win32.exe > > A) The very first example in the tutorial is wrong! > > On this page: http://pythoncard.sourceforge.net/documentation.html > When you follow this link to try something for the very first time: > > Getting Started in PythonCard by Dan Shafer: > http://pythoncard.sourceforge.net/walkthrough1.html > > You quickly see that the minimal.py example doesn't even contain > this line, even though the tutorial refers to it: > I am not sure which one you are referring to but in the PythonCard\samples\minimal, you will find a minimal.py that says: #!/usr/bin/python """ __version__ = "$Revision: 1.8 $" __date__ = "$Date: 2005/12/17 15:20:02 $" """ from PythonCard import model class Minimal(model.Background): def on_menuFileAbout_select(self, event): pass if __name__ == '__main__': app = model.Application(Minimal) app.MainLoop() > def on_menuFileAbout_select(self, event): > > And, of course, if you replace the word "pass" with this, as > instructed: > > result = dialog.alertDialog(self, 'It works!', 'Showing Off') > > it won't run, because the existing "pass" line isn't inside a def > inside of a class. > No, it didn't work because the author forgot to mention that you have to do a: from PythonCard import model, dialog instead of just: from PythonCard import model I just tried it and it works. > > B) Is the Notebook widget really supported? > > In the installed file "changelog.txt" (gets installed as part of > PythonCard installation), it says: > > "added Notebook component, PageBackground, and testNotebook > sample" > > But, the testNotebook sample is nowhere to be found. > I haven't come across a need to use Notebook and so I can not say for sure. Looking at notebook.py, it appears to be just a simple wrapper on top of the wxWindow notebook. I would encourage you to post a message to the mailing list and ask there. > I looked lots of places, including the main SourceForge web site, > and on the wiki, here: > > http://wiki.wxpython.org/index.cgi/PythonCard > > Both the main website and the wiki seem way out of date, and the > latest dates I could find on both of them are sometime in 2004. > Yes, sometime around 2004, the website updating stopped. Fortunately, development didn't. There are quite a number of new things since then: new resource editor (now call layout Editor, standalone exe creator, and so forth). I even learn that a new sizer handler is in the work. Not saying that there are 10 programmers working 7/24 on it. It *is* an Open Source project nevertheless. Nobody gets paid for doing it. But there are development work going on. > Finally, by following the mailing list archive link on the main > website, I managed to find a reference to the notebook component on the > ASPN site, where some guy named Brian wonders about the same thing as > me, concerning the availability of
Re: How to choose the right GUI toolkit ?
Upon closer look, the walkthrough did say: *** from PythonCard import model Change that so it says: from PythonCard import dialog, model Save the code. *** So, it works. John Henry wrote: > Bill Maxwell wrote: > > On 8 Nov 2006 11:49:07 -0800, "John Henry" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> > > wrote: > > > > > > > >John Salerno wrote: > > >> Dan Lenski wrote: > > >> > > >> > So, is there another toolkit I should be looking at? > > >> > > >> I highly recommend wxPython. It's very mature, full-featured, and > > >> portable, and fairly easy to learn as well. I can't really compare it to > > >> other toolkits (not having used any of them, except Tkinter), but it's > > >> definitely one of the most popular and well-supported ones out there. > > >> > > >> http://www.wxpython.org/ > > > > > >I highly recommend that you try PythonCard (which sits on top of > > >wxPython). You can get productive very very quickly. Take a look at: > > > > > >http://pythoncard.sourceforge.net/walkthrough1.html > > > > > > I took a brief look at PythonCard almost a year ago and got discouraged > > by what I found, so I stopped looking at it. I've inserted my notes > > from back then, below. Does anybody know if these things have been > > fixed in the latest release? > > > > Bill > > > > > > = > > My notes from Fri Dec-23-2005: > > > > This is a list of gripes I have while trying to learn about PythonCard. > > I'm trying to investigate various GUI builders for Python, and > > PythonCard looks promising, but a lot of things are getting in the way. > > > > I installed yesterday, using this installer: > > PythonCard-0.8.1.FIXED.win32.exe > > > > A) The very first example in the tutorial is wrong! > > > > On this page: http://pythoncard.sourceforge.net/documentation.html > > When you follow this link to try something for the very first time: > > > > Getting Started in PythonCard by Dan Shafer: > > http://pythoncard.sourceforge.net/walkthrough1.html > > > > You quickly see that the minimal.py example doesn't even contain > > this line, even though the tutorial refers to it: > > > > I am not sure which one you are referring to but in the > PythonCard\samples\minimal, you will find a minimal.py that says: > > #!/usr/bin/python > > """ > __version__ = "$Revision: 1.8 $" > __date__ = "$Date: 2005/12/17 15:20:02 $" > """ > > from PythonCard import model > > > class Minimal(model.Background): > def on_menuFileAbout_select(self, event): > pass > > if __name__ == '__main__': > app = model.Application(Minimal) > app.MainLoop() > > > > > def on_menuFileAbout_select(self, event): > > > > And, of course, if you replace the word "pass" with this, as > > instructed: > > > > result = dialog.alertDialog(self, 'It works!', 'Showing Off') > > > > it won't run, because the existing "pass" line isn't inside a def > > inside of a class. > > > > No, it didn't work because the author forgot to mention that you have > to do a: > > from PythonCard import model, dialog > > instead of just: > > from PythonCard import model > > I just tried it and it works. > > > > > B) Is the Notebook widget really supported? > > > > In the installed file "changelog.txt" (gets installed as part of > > PythonCard installation), it says: > > > > "added Notebook component, PageBackground, and testNotebook > > sample" > > > > But, the testNotebook sample is nowhere to be found. > > > > I haven't come across a need to use Notebook and so I can not say for > sure. Looking at notebook.py, it appears to be just a simple wrapper > on top of the wxWindow notebook. I would encourage you to post a > message to the mailing list and ask there. > > > > I looked lots of places, including the main SourceForge web site, > > and on the wiki, here: > > > > http://wiki.wxpython.org/index.cgi/PythonCard > > > > Both the main website and the wiki seem way out of date, and th
Re: how is python not the same as java?
gavino wrote: > both are interpreted oo langauges.. I remember the days when I got all excited about Java (many many moons ago when Java first came out). I brought a whole truckload of books on it, even spent 5 days attending a seminar on the subject. To my great disappointment, I never got very far with it. Not being a "professional programmer" by training, I found it very difficult to go very far with Java. Everything was so "un-natural" for me. So, I felt back to my little C-corner. Last year, I got a chance to attend a 5 day class on Python. Hated it - for the first 5 minutes (what the , they are using white space for what) but from that pont on, never look back. Not considering myself an advance Python programmer. Don't matter, I am very proficient with it. It allows me to get things done - in a whole lot less time then I have to do otherwise. Learning new things about it everyday, finding new and usefull open source packages for it everyday. My Java books? They hit the trash dump long ago -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: How to choose the right GUI toolkit ?
BTW: I did a search and found the testnotebook example from:
http://prdownloads.sourceforge.net/pythoncard/testNotebook.zip?download
and tried it out. There is one error in the widget.py that I have to
get around. Changed from:
canvas.setFillColor('gray')
to:
try:
canvas.setFillColor('gray')
except:
pass
and then ran it. Works!
So, yes, you can do Notebook in Python. I believe what they are saying
is that Notebook isn't supported fully (yet) in the resourceeditor.
Bill Maxwell wrote:
> On 9 Nov 2006 22:48:10 -0800, "John Henry" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
> wrote:
>
> >Upon closer look, the walkthrough did say:
> >
> >***
> >from PythonCard import model
> >
> >Change that so it says:
> >
> >from PythonCard import dialog, model
> >
> >Save the code.
> >***
> >
> >So, it works.
>
>
> Thanks for looking into it. It sounds like either it has been fixed in
> the newer version -- or I didn't do something correctly. It's been a
> long time, and I was just going by the notes I made back then.
>
>
>
>
>
>
>
>
>
> >
> >
> >
> >John Henry wrote:
> >> Bill Maxwell wrote:
> >> > On 8 Nov 2006 11:49:07 -0800, "John Henry" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
> >> > wrote:
> >> >
> >> > >
> >> > >John Salerno wrote:
> >> > >> Dan Lenski wrote:
> >> > >>
> >> > >> > So, is there another toolkit I should be looking at?
> >> > >>
> >> > >> I highly recommend wxPython. It's very mature, full-featured, and
> >> > >> portable, and fairly easy to learn as well. I can't really compare it
> >> > >> to
> >> > >> other toolkits (not having used any of them, except Tkinter), but it's
> >> > >> definitely one of the most popular and well-supported ones out there.
> >> > >>
> >> > >> http://www.wxpython.org/
> >> > >
> >> > >I highly recommend that you try PythonCard (which sits on top of
> >> > >wxPython). You can get productive very very quickly. Take a look at:
> >> > >
> >> > >http://pythoncard.sourceforge.net/walkthrough1.html
> >> >
> >> >
> >> > I took a brief look at PythonCard almost a year ago and got discouraged
> >> > by what I found, so I stopped looking at it. I've inserted my notes
> >> > from back then, below. Does anybody know if these things have been
> >> > fixed in the latest release?
> >> >
> >> > Bill
> >> >
> >> >
> >> > =
> >> > My notes from Fri Dec-23-2005:
> >> >
> >> > This is a list of gripes I have while trying to learn about PythonCard.
> >> > I'm trying to investigate various GUI builders for Python, and
> >> > PythonCard looks promising, but a lot of things are getting in the way.
> >> >
> >> > I installed yesterday, using this installer:
> >> > PythonCard-0.8.1.FIXED.win32.exe
> >> >
> >> > A) The very first example in the tutorial is wrong!
> >> >
> >> > On this page: http://pythoncard.sourceforge.net/documentation.html
> >> > When you follow this link to try something for the very first time:
> >> >
> >> > Getting Started in PythonCard by Dan Shafer:
> >> > http://pythoncard.sourceforge.net/walkthrough1.html
> >> >
> >> > You quickly see that the minimal.py example doesn't even contain
> >> > this line, even though the tutorial refers to it:
> >> >
> >>
> >> I am not sure which one you are referring to but in the
> >> PythonCard\samples\minimal, you will find a minimal.py that says:
> >>
> >> #!/usr/bin/python
> >>
> >> """
> >> __version__ = "$Revision: 1.8 $"
> >> __date__ = "$Date: 2005/12/17 15:20:02 $"
> >> """
> >>
> >> from PythonCard import model
> >>
> >>
> >> class Minimal(model.Background):
> >> def on_menuFileAbout_select(self, event):
> >> pass
> >>
> >> if __name__ == '__main__':
> >> app = m
Re: How to choose the right GUI toolkit ?
Nice example.
Jussi Salmela wrote:
> John Henry wrote:
> > BTW: I did a search and found the testnotebook example from:
> >
> > http://prdownloads.sourceforge.net/pythoncard/testNotebook.zip?download
> >
> > and tried it out. There is one error in the widget.py that I have to
> > get around. Changed from:
> >
> > canvas.setFillColor('gray')
> >
> > to:
> >
> > try:
> > canvas.setFillColor('gray')
> > except:
> > pass
> >
> > and then ran it. Works!
> >
> > So, yes, you can do Notebook in Python. I believe what they are saying
> > is that Notebook isn't supported fully (yet) in the resourceeditor.
>
> It's true that the notebook and grid components of wxPython are not
> completely integrated into PythonCard but they can still be used quite
> easily once you figure out how.
>
> The process of figuring out can be made easier by a working example. The
> real life application Blood Pressure Monitor
>
> http://personal.inet.fi/cool/operator/BPMDownload.html
>
> can be used as an example of using the notebook, grid and htmlwin
> widgets in PythonCard.
>
> I use this application to input the pressure values I've registered with
> my own meter and to produce a PDF page with PyChart to hand to my doctor
> to inspect when I visit him twice a year.
>
> Cheers,
> Jussi
>
> --
> Jussi Salmela
> http://personal.inet.fi/cool/operator/
--
http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Yield
Thank you. This is very clear. I can see that this is useful in lots of situations. Fredrik Lundh wrote: > Mateuszk87 wrote: > > > may someone explain "yield" function, please. how does it actually work > > and when do you use it? > > it returns a value from a function without actually terminating the > function; when the function is resumed, it'll continue to execute after > the yield. > > a function that contains a yield statement is called a "generator", and > is most often used in a for-in loop, or in other contexts that expect a > sequence. the loop is automatically terminated when the function > returns in a usual way: > > >>> def gen(): > ... yield 1 > ... yield 2 > ... yield 3 > ... > >>> for item in gen(): > ... print item > ... > 1 > 2 > 3 > >>> sum(gen()) > 6 > >>> [str(i) for i in gen()] > ['1', '2', '3'] > > you can also use the generator "by hand"; when you call a generator > function, it returns a special "generator object", and then immediately > suspends itself. to run the generator, call its "next" method: > > >>> g = gen() > >>> g > > >>> g.next() > 1 > >>> g.next() > 2 > >>> g.next() > 3 > > when the generator is exhausted, it raises a StopIterator exception: > > >>> g.next() > Traceback (most recent call last): >File "", line 1, in > StopIteration > > reference information: > > http://effbot.org/pyref/yield.htm > > hope this helps! > > -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: About alternatives to Matlab
Bill Gates will have you jailed! :-) On a more serious note, is there any alternative to Simulink though? sturlamolden wrote: >and is infinitely > more expensive. > > Does anyone wonder why I am not paying for Matlab maintenance anymore? > > Sorry Mathworks, I have used your product for years, but you cannot > compete with NumPy. > > > Cheers, > Sturla Molden -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
How fuzzy is get_close_matches() in difflib?
I am just wondering what's with get_close_matches() in difflib. What's the magic? How fuzzy do I need to get in order to get a match? -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: How fuzzy is get_close_matches() in difflib?
I did try them and I am impressed. It helped me found a lot of useful
info. I just want to get a feel as to what constitutes a "match".
Steven D'Aprano wrote:
> On Thu, 16 Nov 2006 16:40:49 -0800, John Henry wrote:
>
> > I am just wondering what's with get_close_matches() in difflib. What's
> > the magic? How fuzzy do I need to get in order to get a match?
>
>
> Why don't you try it and see?
>
> >>> from difflib import get_close_matches
> >>> get_close_matches("appel", ["ape", "apple", "peach", "puppy"])
> ['apple', 'ape']
> >>> import keyword as _keyword
> >>> get_close_matches("wheel", _keyword.kwlist)
> ['while']
> >>> get_close_matches("apple", _keyword.kwlist)
> []
> >>> get_close_matches("accept", _keyword.kwlist)
> ['except']
>
>
> Those example, by the way, come from here:
>
> >>> help(get_close_matches)
>
>
>
>
> --
> Steven
--
http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: How fuzzy is get_close_matches() in difflib?
I encountered a case where I am trying to match "HIDESST1" and "HIDESCT1" against ["HIDEDST1", "HIDEDCT1", "HIDEDCT2", "HIDEDCT3"] Well, they both hit "HIDEDST1" as the first match which is not exactly the result I was looking for. I don't understand why "HIDESCT1" would not hit "HIDEDCT1" as a first choice. Steven D'Aprano wrote: > On Thu, 16 Nov 2006 20:19:50 -0800, John Henry wrote: > > > I did try them and I am impressed. It helped me found a lot of useful > > info. I just want to get a feel as to what constitutes a "match". > > The source code has lots of comments, but they don't explain the basic > algorithm (at least not in the difflib.py supplied with Python 2.3). > > There is no single diff algorithm, but I believe that the basic idea is to > look for insertions and/or deletions of strings. If you want more > detail, google "diff". Once you have a list of differences, the closest > match is the search string with the fewest differences. > > As for getting a feel of what constitutes a match, I really can't make any > better suggestion than just try lots of examples with the interactive > Python shell. > > > > -- > Steven D'Aprano -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Concatenating strings
Sorry if this is a dumb question. I have a list of strings (some 10,000+) and I need to concatenate them together into one very long string. The obvious method would be, for example: alist=["ab","cd","ef",.,"zzz"] blist = "" for x in alist: blist += x But is there a cleaner and faster way of doing this? Thanks, -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Concatenating strings
Sorry if this is a dumb question. I have a list of strings (some 10,000+) and I need to concatenate them together into one very long string. The obvious method would be, for example: alist=["ab","cd","ef",.,"zzz"] blist = "" for x in alist: blist += x But is there a cleaner and faster way of doing this? Thanks, -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Building Python Based Web Application
Hi folks. I am interested on this topic as well. If my application is not database related, what would be a good choice? I have clients that wish to use my Python applications but I am not willing to give them the code. So, I am thinking about setting it up as a web based application and let them run it from their browser. If things go well, may be I can charge them for usage later. The application will involve getting a data file from the user, do some processing, and return a result file to the user. Very modest - to start. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Building Python Based Web Application
Adam Jones wrote: > John Henry wrote: > > Hi folks. > > > > I am interested on this topic as well. > > > > If my application is not database related, what would be a good choice? > > > > I have clients that wish to use my Python applications but I am not > > willing to give them the code. So, I am thinking about setting it up > > as a web based application and let them run it from their browser. If > > things go well, may be I can charge them for usage later. > > > > The application will involve getting a data file from the user, do some > > processing, and return a result file to the user. Very modest - to > > start. > > For that kind of usage I don't know if any of the big name web > frameworks would be worth the effort, especially if returning a result > file entails making it available for download instead of handing it > back in the form of an HTML page. At that point all you would really > need is a controller to handle most of the details of working in HTTP > and maybe a templating system to help out with the HTML. > > The only controller that is available independently that I can comment > on usefully is Cherrypy. It works pretty well, can run its own web > server if you like, and seems like it would be simple enough to use for > what you are talking about. > > Without knowing more about your requirements that would be my > suggestion. I am sure there are other people on this group with more > experience here who could give more useful commentary. > > -Adam Thanks, I am checking out CherryPie -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Help me use my Dual Core CPU!
I don't know what CPython is but I have developed a Python application under Windows that utilize the Dure Core CPU when it's present. I don't know that I can say for sure that "threads won't help". Have you done some testing before using other approaches to see if it indeed won't help? Simon Wittber wrote: > I've just bought a new notebook, which has a dual core CPU. > > I write cross platform games in Python, and I'd really like to be able > to use this second core (on my machine, and on user's machines) for any > new games I might write. > > I know threads won't help (in CPython at least) so I'm investigating > other types of concurrency which I might be able to use. I really like > the PyLinda approach, however I need to be able to pass around all the > simple python types, which PyLinda won't help me with. Also, PyLinda is > more focused on distributing computing; I really only want to have 2 > processes cooperating (or 4, if I had 4 CPUs/cores etc). > > Is there any cross platform way to share python objects across > processes? (I've found POSH, but it's old, and doesn't appear to be > maintained). I could implement my own object space using shared memory, > but from what I can see, this is not available on Win32. > > Are there any other concurrency options I've not discovered yet? > > > -Sw. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
When is it a pointer (aka reference) - when is it a copy?
Hi list, Just to make sure I understand this. Since there is no "pointer" type in Python, I like to know how I do that. For instance, if I do: ...some_huge_list is a huge list... some_huge_list[0]=1 aref = some_huge_list aref[0]=0 print some_huge_list[0] we know that the answere will be 0. In this case, aref is really a reference. But what if the right hand side is a simple variable (say an int)? Can I "reference" it somehow? Should I assume that: aref = _any_type_other_than_simple_one be a reference, and not a copy? Thanks, -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: When is it a pointer (aka reference) - when is it a copy?
Thanks for the reply, both to Laszlo and Steve. Okay, I understand what you're saying. But what if I need to make a "pointer" to a simple variable. For instance, in C: int i=1 int *j=&i *j = 2 print i and you get 2 printed. In Python, i=1 j=i j=2 print i and you get 1 printed. So, if I understand you correctly, I must make the reference to a more elaborate representation. Like: i=[1,] j=i j[0]=2 print i in order to get 2 printed. Correct? Steve Holden wrote: > John Henry wrote: > > Hi list, > > > > Just to make sure I understand this. > > > > Since there is no "pointer" type in Python, I like to know how I do > > that. > > > > For instance, if I do: > > > >...some_huge_list is a huge list... > >some_huge_list[0]=1 > >aref = some_huge_list > >aref[0]=0 > >print some_huge_list[0] > > > > we know that the answere will be 0. In this case, aref is really a > > reference. > > > > But what if the right hand side is a simple variable (say an int)? Can > > I "reference" it somehow? Should I assume that: > > > >aref = _any_type_other_than_simple_one > > > > be a reference, and not a copy? > > > Yes. Attributes are always object references. The assignment is actually > the binding of a specific object to a name in some namespace, (r to an > element of a sequence or other container object. > > This applies *whatever* the type of the RHS experession: the expression > is evaluated to yield an object, and a reference to the object is stored > in the name or container element. > > regards > Steve > -- > Steve Holden +44 150 684 7255 +1 800 494 3119 > Holden Web LLC/Ltd http://www.holdenweb.com > Skype: holdenweb http://holdenweb.blogspot.com > Recent Ramblings http://del.icio.us/steve.holden -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: When is it a pointer (aka reference) - when is it a copy?
Thanks for the reply, Grant. I am not doing things like that - I am just trying to clear up in my mind the Python concepts. I understand it now. Grant Edwards wrote: > On 2006-09-13, John Henry <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote: > > Thanks for the reply, both to Laszlo and Steve. > > > > Okay, I understand what you're saying. > > > > But what if I need to make a "pointer" to a simple variable. > > There's no such thing as a "simple variable". There are > mutable objects and immutable objects. Names are bound to > objects. > > x = 3 > > The name "x" is bound to an immutable integer object who's > value is 3. > > > For instance, in C: > > > >int i=1 > >int *j=&i > > > >*j = 2 > >print i > > > > and you get 2 printed. > > > > In Python, > > > >i=1 > > The name "i" is bound to an immutable integer object who's value is 1. > > >j=i > > The name "j" is bound to an immutable integer object who's > value is 1. That may or may not be the same object to which > "i" is bound. > > >j=2 > > Now the name "j" is bound to an immutable integer object who's > value is 2. Rebinding the name "j" to a different object has > no effect on the object to which "i" is bound. > > >print i > > > > and you get 1 printed. > > Because you've changed neither the object to which "i" is bound > nor the value of that object (you can't change the values of > integer objects). > > > So, if I understand you correctly, I must make the reference > > to a more elaborate representation. Like: > > > >i=[1,] > >j=i > >j[0]=2 > >print i > > > > in order to get 2 printed. > > > > Correct? > > I suppose, for some values of "correct". You've bound the > names "i" and "j" to the same mutable object, then mutated that > object. Afterwards "i" and "i" still refer to that mutated > object. > > That'll work as a rather clumsy imitation of the C code, but I > don't really see what it is you're trying to accomplish. Trying > to write C code using Python isn't going to be fun or productive[1]. > > When using Python, you should write Python code. ;) > > If you'll explain the actual problem you're trying solve for > which you think you need C-style "pointers", then somebody will > be happy to show you how that problem is solved using Python. > > [1] There are people here who probably think it fun, but only > as a brain-teaser. > > -- > Grant Edwards grante Yow! After THIS, let's go > at to PHILADELPHIA and have >visi.comTRIPLETS!! -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: windev vs python SOS
I don't know what windev is but presonally, I found Python to be incredibly productive. BTW: I recommend that you look into PythonCard. It sits on top of wxpython and I found it to be a very productive GUI tool. stéphane bard wrote: > hello, my boss ask me to prefer windev to python. > I have to argue > > - python work on multiple platform (linux, mac, windows) > A good point but it didn't interest him. Because > we want to choose a language for prototyping. > So multi platform is not enough. > > - python and windev are fast to develop > > - windev as a good IDE, python? boa-constructor is ok with wxpython > > - python is open source (that's not an argument for my boss, sorry > it's a boss ...) > > any idea for a strong argument ? -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: windev vs python SOS
Why are they all look so gloomy? I don't see a single smile on their faces. :=) [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: > Hi, > > Bruno Desthuilliers a écrit : > > I've never met a programmer that "loved" Windev. > > I have met some here (I'm the guy with a mustache-just kidding but > actually I was there). > > http://www.pcsoft.fr/pcsoft/tdftech/2006/images/Paris/07-IMG_5853.jpg > > WinDev is widely used in France and that's a thing because a lot of > french programmers think that english tools "have to be better". > > -- > Pat -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: How fuzzy is get_close_matches() in difflib?
I suppose you are right. I guess I ended up with an odd case. I was thinking that: To change "HIDE*S*ST1" to "HIDE*D*ST1", all you do is remove the "*S*" from the source and the "*D*" from the target. In order to change "HIDE*SC*T1" to "HIDE*DS*T1", I thought you have to remove 2 characters *SC* from the source. Then I realize that it's not true. If you remove the "C" from the source, and the "D" from the *DS* of the destination, it's a match (!) So, yes, they have the same distance! Antoon Pardon wrote: > On 2006-11-17, John Henry <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote: > > I encountered a case where I am trying to match "HIDESST1" and > > "HIDESCT1" against ["HIDEDST1", "HIDEDCT1", "HIDEDCT2", "HIDEDCT3"] > > > > Well, they both hit "HIDEDST1" as the first match which is not exactly > > the result I was looking for. I don't understand why "HIDESCT1" would > > not hit "HIDEDCT1" as a first choice. > > H I D E D S T 1 H I D E D C T 1 > > H . . > I. . > D . . > E. . > S. > C. > T . . > 1. . > > As far as I can see the distance of HIDEDCT1 to HIDESCT1 is > the same as the distance of HIDEDCT1 to HIDEDST1. In both > cases you have to remove one character from the target as well > as one character from the candidate in order to get the > same substring. > > -- > Antoon Pardon -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: How fuzzy is get_close_matches() in difflib?
Learn something new everyday. I always wondered how spell checkers are done. Thanks. John Machin wrote: > John Henry wrote: > > I am just wondering what's with get_close_matches() in difflib. What's > > the magic? How fuzzy do I need to get in order to get a match? > > Are you desperate to understand the inner workings of difflib, or do > you want merely to do some fuzzy matching of strings using a well-known > somewhat-more-understandable zillions-of-implementations metric? > > If the latter, google "Levenshtein distance" for the metric, and > "Python Levenshtein" -- first hit for me is an implementation in a > Python C-extension. If you don't have the ability to compile a C > extension, or don't need the speed, there should be a few pure-Python > versions around; I'm specifically aware of one by Magnus Lie Hetland. > It's less than a screenful of code; good idea to grab it anyway for > educational purposes -- a quite Pythonic implementation of the > traditional algorithm. > > HTH, > John -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: How fuzzy is get_close_matches() in difflib?
Steven D'Aprano wrote: > > >>> s = difflib.SequenceMatcher(None, "HIDEDCT1", "HIDESCT1") > >>> t = difflib.SequenceMatcher(None, "HIDEDST1", "HIDESCT1") > >>> > >>> for block in s.get_matching_blocks(): > ... print "a[%d] and b[%d] match for %d elements" % block > ... > a[0] and b[0] match for 4 elements > a[5] and b[5] match for 3 elements > a[8] and b[8] match for 0 elements > >>> > >>> for block in t.get_matching_blocks(): > ... print "a[%d] and b[%d] match for %d elements" % block > ... > a[0] and b[0] match for 4 elements > a[5] and b[4] match for 1 elements > a[6] and b[6] match for 2 elements > a[8] and b[8] match for 0 elements > >>> > > I think what you are seeing is an artifact of the precise details of the > pattern matcher. Feel free to subclass the SequenceMatcher or Differ > classes to get the results you expect :-) > Looks like for this particular case, looking at number of matched groups worked better. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: remove a list from a list
from sets import Set as set # Python 2.3 b = list( set([i.upper() for i in b) - set([i.upper() for i in a] ) ) Rares Vernica wrote: > Yeah, I ended up doing a similar kind of loop. That is pretty messy. > > Is there any other way? > > Thanks, > Ray > > Tim Chase wrote: > >> That is a nice solution. > >> > >> But, how about modifying the list in place? > >> > >> That is, l would become ['c', 'D']. > >> > >>> >>> e = ['a', 'b', 'e'] > >>> >>> l = ['A', 'a', 'c', 'D', 'E'] > >>> >>> s = set(e) > >>> >>> [x for x in l if x.lower() not in s] > >>> ['c', 'D'] > > > > > > Well...changing the requirements midstream, eh? ;-) > > > > You can just change that last item to be a reassignment if "l" is > > all you care about: > > > > >>> l = [x for x in l ...] > > > > Things get a bit hairier if you *must* do it in-place. You'd > > have to do something like this (untested) > > > > for i in xrange(len(l), 0, -1): > > if l[i-1].lower() in s: > > del l[i-1] > > > > > > which should do the job. > > > > -tkc > > > > > > -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: remove a list from a list
Scratch that. b becomes all upper... John Henry wrote: > from sets import Set as set # Python 2.3 > > b = list( set([i.upper() for i in b) - set([i.upper() for i in a] ) ) > > > Rares Vernica wrote: > > Yeah, I ended up doing a similar kind of loop. That is pretty messy. > > > > Is there any other way? > > > > Thanks, > > Ray > > > > Tim Chase wrote: > > >> That is a nice solution. > > >> > > >> But, how about modifying the list in place? > > >> > > >> That is, l would become ['c', 'D']. > > >> > > >>> >>> e = ['a', 'b', 'e'] > > >>> >>> l = ['A', 'a', 'c', 'D', 'E'] > > >>> >>> s = set(e) > > >>> >>> [x for x in l if x.lower() not in s] > > >>> ['c', 'D'] > > > > > > > > > Well...changing the requirements midstream, eh? ;-) > > > > > > You can just change that last item to be a reassignment if "l" is > > > all you care about: > > > > > > >>> l = [x for x in l ...] > > > > > > Things get a bit hairier if you *must* do it in-place. You'd > > > have to do something like this (untested) > > > > > > for i in xrange(len(l), 0, -1): > > > if l[i-1].lower() in s: > > > del l[i-1] > > > > > > > > > which should do the job. > > > > > > -tkc > > > > > > > > > -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: remove a list from a list
The curve ball is the case insensitivity otherwise it's a straightforward set operation. I wonder if it's possible to sub-class set and make the item comparision case insensitive. Anybody knows how to do that? Tim Chase wrote: > > Yeah, I ended up doing a similar kind of loop. That is pretty messy. > > > > Is there any other way? > > I've already provided 2 (or 3 depending on how one counts) > solutions, each of which solve an interpretation of your original > problem, neither of which involve more than 3 lines of fairly > clean code. Perhaps a little more context regarding what you > *want* to do would help. However, I suspect that answer is > "there is no *cleaner* way to do it". > > Unless you're modifying an existing list that is referenced > elsewhere, the reassignment (l = [x for x in l ...]) solution > should work just fine. Thus, unless you have a situation akin to: > > g = l > l = [x for x in l if x.lower() not in s] > assert(thing_from_s not in g) > > then just reassign "l". If not, use the loop. It's that easy > and clean. Don't try to opaquify it by collapsing it further. > Perhaps, if your loop is messy, use my clean loop suggestion. > > -tkc -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: remove a list from a list
OK, if you don't care the resulting order, do it like:
class Convert2Dict:
def __init__(self, data):
self._data={}
for x in data:
self._data[x.upper()]=x
def get(self, key):
return self._data[key.upper()]
a = ["a", "B"]
b = ["c", "a", "A", "D", "b"]
b_dict = Convert2Dict(b)
b = [b_dict.get(x) for x in list( set([x.upper() for x in b]) -
set([x.upper() for x in a]) ) ]
John Henry wrote:
> Scratch that. b becomes all upper...
>
> John Henry wrote:
> > from sets import Set as set # Python 2.3
> >
> > b = list( set([i.upper() for i in b) - set([i.upper() for i in a] ) )
> >
> >
> > Rares Vernica wrote:
> > > Yeah, I ended up doing a similar kind of loop. That is pretty messy.
> > >
> > > Is there any other way?
> > >
> > > Thanks,
> > > Ray
> > >
> > > Tim Chase wrote:
> > > >> That is a nice solution.
> > > >>
> > > >> But, how about modifying the list in place?
> > > >>
> > > >> That is, l would become ['c', 'D'].
> > > >>
> > > >>> >>> e = ['a', 'b', 'e']
> > > >>> >>> l = ['A', 'a', 'c', 'D', 'E']
> > > >>> >>> s = set(e)
> > > >>> >>> [x for x in l if x.lower() not in s]
> > > >>> ['c', 'D']
> > > >
> > > >
> > > > Well...changing the requirements midstream, eh? ;-)
> > > >
> > > > You can just change that last item to be a reassignment if "l" is
> > > > all you care about:
> > > >
> > > > >>> l = [x for x in l ...]
> > > >
> > > > Things get a bit hairier if you *must* do it in-place. You'd
> > > > have to do something like this (untested)
> > > >
> > > > for i in xrange(len(l), 0, -1):
> > > > if l[i-1].lower() in s:
> > > > del l[i-1]
> > > >
> > > >
> > > > which should do the job.
> > > >
> > > > -tkc
> > > >
> > > >
> > > >
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Re: About alternatives to Matlab
Thanks for pointing that out. I wasn't aware of this. Will take a look. Sébastien Boisgérault wrote: > On Nov 16, 10:46 pm, "John Henry" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote: > > Bill Gates will have you jailed! :-) > > > > On a more serious note, is there any alternative to Simulink though? > > Ptolemy II. Java stuff in the core but components may be written in > Python > > http://ptolemy.eecs.berkeley.edu/ptolemyII/ > http://ptolemy.eecs.berkeley.edu/ptolemyii/ptII5.0/ptII/doc/codeDoc/ptolemy/actor/lib/python/PythonScript.htm > > > sturlamolden wrote: > > >and is infinitely > > > more expensive. > > > > > Does anyone wonder why I am not paying for Matlab maintenance anymore? > > > > > Sorry Mathworks, I have used your product for years, but you cannot > > > compete with NumPy. > > > > > Cheers, > > > Sturla Molden -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Why isn't SPLIT splitting my strings
Meaning:
import re
newString= re.split('[; ()\[\]", result)
Nick Vatamaniuc wrote:
> The regular string split does not take a _class_ of characters as the
> separator, it only takes one separator. Your example suggests that you
> expect that _any_ of the characters "; ()[]" could be a separator.
> If you want to use a regular expression as a list of separators, then
> you need to use the split function from the regular expression module
> (re):
> http://docs.python.org/lib/node46.html
>
> Hope this helps,
> Nick V.
>
>
> ronrsr wrote:
> > I'm trying to break up the result tuple into keyword phrases. The
> > keyword phrases are separated by a ; -- the split function is not
> > working the way I believe it should be. Can anyone see what I"m doing
> > wrong?
> >
> > bests,
> >
> > -rsr-
> >
> >
> >
> > print "newstring =", str(result[i][0])
> > print "just split", str(result[i][0]).split('; ()[]"')
> > zd.append(str(result[i][0]).split('; ()[]"'))
> >
> >
> > result= (('Agricultural subsidies; Foreign aid',), ('Agriculture;
> > Sustainable Agriculture - Support; Organic Agriculture; Pesticides, US,
> > Childhood Development, Birth Defects; Toxic Chemicals',),
> > ('Antibiotics, Animals',), ('Agricultural Subsidies, Global Trade',),
> > ('Agricultural Subsidies',), ('Biodiversity',), ('Citizen Activism',),
> > ('Community Gardens',), ('Cooperatives',), ('Dieting',), ('Agriculture,
> > Cotton',), ('Agriculture, Global Trade',), ('Pesticides, Monsanto',),
> > ('Agriculture, Seed',), ('Coffee, Hunger',), ('Pollution, Water,
> > Feedlots',), ('Food Prices',), ('Agriculture, Workers',), ('Animal
> > Feed, Corn, Pesticides',), ('Aquaculture',), ('Chemical Warfare',),
> > ('Compost',), ('Debt',), ('Consumerism',), ('Fear',), ('Pesticides, US,
> > Childhood Development, Birth Defects',), ('Corporate Reform,
> > Personhood (Dem. Book)',), ('Corporate Reform, Personhood, Farming
> > (Dem. Book)',), ('Crime Rates, Legislation, Education',), ('Debt,
> > Credit Cards',), ('Democracy',), ('Population, World',), ('Income',),
> > ('Democracy, Corporate
> >
> >
> >
> > partial results:
> >
> > string a = Agricultural subsidies; Foreign aid
> > newstring = Agricultural subsidies; Foreign aid
> > just split ['Agricultural subsidies; Foreign aid']
> > newstring = Agriculture; Sustainable Agriculture - Support; Organic
> > Agriculture; Pesticides, US, Childhood Development, Birth Defects;
> > Toxic Chemicals
> > just split ['Agriculture; Sustainable Agriculture - Support; Organic
> > Agriculture; Pesticides, US, Childhood Development, Birth Defects;
> > Toxic Chemicals']
> > newstring = Antibiotics, Animals
> > just split ['Antibiotics, Animals']
--
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Re: Why isn't SPLIT splitting my strings
Oops!
newString= re.split("[; ()\[\]", result)
John Henry wrote:
> Meaning:
>
> import re
>
> newString= re.split('[; ()\[\]", result)
>
>
>
> Nick Vatamaniuc wrote:
> > The regular string split does not take a _class_ of characters as the
> > separator, it only takes one separator. Your example suggests that you
> > expect that _any_ of the characters "; ()[]" could be a separator.
> > If you want to use a regular expression as a list of separators, then
> > you need to use the split function from the regular expression module
> > (re):
> > http://docs.python.org/lib/node46.html
> >
> > Hope this helps,
> > Nick V.
> >
> >
> > ronrsr wrote:
> > > I'm trying to break up the result tuple into keyword phrases. The
> > > keyword phrases are separated by a ; -- the split function is not
> > > working the way I believe it should be. Can anyone see what I"m doing
> > > wrong?
> > >
> > > bests,
> > >
> > > -rsr-
> > >
> > >
> > >
> > > print "newstring =", str(result[i][0])
> > > print "just split", str(result[i][0]).split('; ()[]"')
> > > zd.append(str(result[i][0]).split('; ()[]"'))
> > >
> > >
> > > result= (('Agricultural subsidies; Foreign aid',), ('Agriculture;
> > > Sustainable Agriculture - Support; Organic Agriculture; Pesticides, US,
> > > Childhood Development, Birth Defects; Toxic Chemicals',),
> > > ('Antibiotics, Animals',), ('Agricultural Subsidies, Global Trade',),
> > > ('Agricultural Subsidies',), ('Biodiversity',), ('Citizen Activism',),
> > > ('Community Gardens',), ('Cooperatives',), ('Dieting',), ('Agriculture,
> > > Cotton',), ('Agriculture, Global Trade',), ('Pesticides, Monsanto',),
> > > ('Agriculture, Seed',), ('Coffee, Hunger',), ('Pollution, Water,
> > > Feedlots',), ('Food Prices',), ('Agriculture, Workers',), ('Animal
> > > Feed, Corn, Pesticides',), ('Aquaculture',), ('Chemical Warfare',),
> > > ('Compost',), ('Debt',), ('Consumerism',), ('Fear',), ('Pesticides, US,
> > > Childhood Development, Birth Defects',), ('Corporate Reform,
> > > Personhood (Dem. Book)',), ('Corporate Reform, Personhood, Farming
> > > (Dem. Book)',), ('Crime Rates, Legislation, Education',), ('Debt,
> > > Credit Cards',), ('Democracy',), ('Population, World',), ('Income',),
> > > ('Democracy, Corporate
> > >
> > >
> > >
> > > partial results:
> > >
> > > string a = Agricultural subsidies; Foreign aid
> > > newstring = Agricultural subsidies; Foreign aid
> > > just split ['Agricultural subsidies; Foreign aid']
> > > newstring = Agriculture; Sustainable Agriculture - Support; Organic
> > > Agriculture; Pesticides, US, Childhood Development, Birth Defects;
> > > Toxic Chemicals
> > > just split ['Agriculture; Sustainable Agriculture - Support; Organic
> > > Agriculture; Pesticides, US, Childhood Development, Birth Defects;
> > > Toxic Chemicals']
> > > newstring = Antibiotics, Animals
> > > just split ['Antibiotics, Animals']
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Re: Why isn't SPLIT splitting my strings
Fredrik Lundh wrote:
> John Henry wrote:
>
> > Oops!
>
> for cases like this, writing
>
> "[" + re.escape(charset) + "]"
>
So, like this?
newString= re.split("[" + re.escape("; ()[]") + "]", result)
> is usually a good way to avoid repeated oops:ing.
>
> > newString= re.split("[; ()\[\]", result)
>
> >>> newString= re.split("[; ()\[\]", result)
> Traceback (most recent call last):
> ...
> sre_constants.error: unexpected end of regular expression
>
Strange. It works for me. Oh, I know, it's missing a "]".
newString= re.split("[; ()\[\]]", result)
>
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Looking for a graph (as in network, nodes) package
I am looking for a ready made simple graph package. I found an extensive one in the piana package but when I try to use just the graph portion, it fails to load because of the line: class Graph(object): ... It seems that their Graph is subclassed from "object" but I couldn't find a "object" class anywhere. So, I abandoned using that one. Before I reinvent the wheel and start writing one myself, can somebody point me to a ready made one? I am afraid Googling "Python Graph" wouldn't be much help (millions and trillions of hits). Thanks, -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
case insensitive dictionary
I believe the standard dictionary should be amened to allow the use of case insensitive keys - as an option. I found some work done by others to do that at: http://aspn.activestate.com/ASPN/Cookbook/Python/Recipe/283455 but the problem with that approach is that they lowercase the keys immediately when you create the dictionary and so the true identity of the key is lost. Of course, I can subclass it and save a copy of the "real" key but that's kind of messcy. In other words: If I have: pets=caselessDict() pets["Cat"] = 3 pets["Dog"] = 2 I would like to see: pets["cat"] prints 3 pets["DOG"] prints 2 but print pets.keys() should print: "Cat", "Dog" not: "cat", "dog" -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: case insensitive dictionary
I don't think that's sufficient. See how many methods the author of http://aspn.activestate.com/ASPN/Cookbook/Python/Recipe/283455 had to redefine. Rob Williscroft wrote: > John Henry wrote in news:1164494606.514366.124810 > @l39g2000cwd.googlegroups.com in comp.lang.python: > > > I believe the standard dictionary should be amened to allow the use of > > case insensitive keys - as an option. > > class idict( dict ): > > class __istr( str ): > > def __eq__( self, other ): > return self.lower() == other.lower() > > def __hash__( self ): > return self.lower().__hash__() > > def __setitem__( self, k, v ): > dict.__setitem__( self, idict.__istr( k ), v ) > > d = idict( a = 1, b = 2 ) > d['A'] = 3 > > print d > > Rob. > -- > http://www.victim-prime.dsl.pipex.com/ -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: case insensitive dictionary
I believe that if you redefine the value, the key should not change. So, yes, I would expect that they value of the key to remain as they were. J. Clifford Dyer wrote: > John Henry wrote: > >print pets.keys() > > > > should print: > > > > "Cat", "Dog" > > If you do: > > Py> pets['Cat'] = 2 > Py> pets['Dog'] = 3 > Py> pets['DOG'] = 4 > Py> pets['cat'] += 5 > Py> pets.keys() > > What should the result be? > > "['Cat', 'Dog']" or "['cat', 'DOG']"? > > > That is to say, if you use a new case in redefining the values of your > case insensitive dictionary, does the key take on the new case, or will > it always and forever be the case originally given to it? > > Cheers, > Cliff -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Is there an easier way to express this list slicing?
If I have a list of say, 10 elements and I need to slice it into
irregular size list, I would have to create a bunch of temporary
variables and then regroup them afterwords, like:
# Just for illustration. Alist can be any existing 10 element list
a_list=("",)*10
(a,b,c1,c2,c3,d1,d2,d3,d4,d5)=a_list
alist=(a,)
blist=(b,)
clist=(c1,c2,c3)
dlist=(d2,d3,d4,d5)
That obviously work but do I *really* have to do that?
BTW: I know you can do:
alist=a_list[0]
blist=a_list[1]
clist=a_list[2:5]
dlist=a_list[5:]
but I don't see that it's any better.
Can I say something to the effect of:
(a,b,c[0:2],d[0:5])=a_list# Obviously this won't work
??
I am asking this because I have a section of code that contains *lots*
of things like this. It makes the code very unreadable.
Thanks,
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Re: Is there an easier way to express this list slicing?
Well, pardoon me.
Next.
Thomas Ploch wrote:
> John Henry schrieb:
> > If I have a list of say, 10 elements and I need to slice it into
> > irregular size list, I would have to create a bunch of temporary
> > variables and then regroup them afterwords, like:
> >
> > # Just for illustration. Alist can be any existing 10 element list
> > a_list=("",)*10
> > (a,b,c1,c2,c3,d1,d2,d3,d4,d5)=a_list
> > alist=(a,)
> > blist=(b,)
> > clist=(c1,c2,c3)
> > dlist=(d2,d3,d4,d5)
> >
> > That obviously work but do I *really* have to do that?
> >
> > BTW: I know you can do:
> > alist=a_list[0]
> > blist=a_list[1]
> > clist=a_list[2:5]
> > dlist=a_list[5:]
> >
> > but I don't see that it's any better.
> >
> > Can I say something to the effect of:
> >
> > (a,b,c[0:2],d[0:5])=a_list# Obviously this won't work
> >
> > ??
> >
> > I am asking this because I have a section of code that contains *lots*
> > of things like this. It makes the code very unreadable.
> >
> > Thanks,
> >
>
> Nothing in your code actually __is__ a list. they are all tuples...
> A list is:
> aList = [a,b,c1,c2,c3,d1,d2,d3,d4,d5]
>
> Thomas
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Re: Is there an easier way to express this list slicing?
[EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: > John Henry wrote: > > Can I say something to the effect of: > > > > (a,b,c[0:2],d[0:5])=a_list# Obviously this won't work > > Your best bet is probably: > > x = [...some list...] > a,b,c,d = x[:1],x[1:2],x[2:5],x[5:] > Dude! Why didn't I think of that (tunnel vision). Thanks, > > I am asking this because I have a section of code that contains *lots* > > of things like this. It makes the code very unreadable. > > Of course, if you're always slicing up lists the same way (say, into > 1,1,3,5 element sections) then you could improve readability by writing > a function that takes the list and returns a tuple of the pieces, such > as: > > def slice_list(x): > return x[:1],x[1:2],x[2:5],x[5:] > > a,b,c,d = slice_list(first_list) > e,f,g,h = slice_list(second_list) > > -Matt -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Is there an easier way to express this list slicing?
Paul McGuire wrote:
> "Paul McGuire" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote in message
> news:[EMAIL PROTECTED]
> > "John Henry" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote in message
> > news:[EMAIL PROTECTED]
> snip
>
> G... that's what I get for not keeping editor and interpreter windows in
> sync. My post was referencing vars I had defined in the interpreter, but
> which the function had no clue of. !!! Here's a working version.
>
> -- Paul
>
>
> def splitUp(src,lens):
> ret = []
> cur = 0
> for length in lens:
> if length is not None:
> ret.append( src[cur:cur+length] )
> cur += length
> else:
> ret.append( src[cur:] )
> return ret
>
> origlist = list("ABCDEFGHIJ")
> alist, blist, clist, dlist = splitUp( origlist, (1,1,3,None) )
> print alist, blist, clist, dlist
Nice.
While we are at it, why not:
class splitUp(object):
def __init__(self,src):
self._src=list(src)
def slice(self, lens):
ret = []
cur = 0
for length in lens:
if length is not None:
ret.append( self._src[cur:cur+length] )
cur += length
else:
ret.append( self._src[cur:] )
return ret
alist, blist, clist, dlist = splitUp("ABCDEFGHIJ").slice((1,1,3,None))
print alist, blist, clist, dlist
Now, that's readable!
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Re: Is there an easier way to express this list slicing?
John Henry wrote:
> Paul McGuire wrote:
> > "Paul McGuire" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote in message
> > news:[EMAIL PROTECTED]
> > > "John Henry" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote in message
> > > news:[EMAIL PROTECTED]
> > snip
> >
> > G... that's what I get for not keeping editor and interpreter windows in
> > sync. My post was referencing vars I had defined in the interpreter, but
> > which the function had no clue of. !!! Here's a working version.
> >
> > -- Paul
> >
> >
> > def splitUp(src,lens):
> > ret = []
> > cur = 0
> > for length in lens:
> > if length is not None:
> > ret.append( src[cur:cur+length] )
> > cur += length
> > else:
> > ret.append( src[cur:] )
> > return ret
> >
> > origlist = list("ABCDEFGHIJ")
> > alist, blist, clist, dlist = splitUp( origlist, (1,1,3,None) )
> > print alist, blist, clist, dlist
>
>
> Nice.
>
> While we are at it, why not:
>
> class splitUp(object):
>def __init__(self,src):
>self._src=list(src)
>def slice(self, lens):
> ret = []
> cur = 0
> for length in lens:
> if length is not None:
> ret.append( self._src[cur:cur+length] )
> cur += length
> else:
> ret.append( self._src[cur:] )
> return ret
>
> alist, blist, clist, dlist = splitUp("ABCDEFGHIJ").slice((1,1,3,None))
> print alist, blist, clist, dlist
>
> Now, that's readable!
Further, if splitUp is a sub-class of string, then I can do:
alist, blist, clist, dlist = "ABCDEFGHIJ".slice((1,1,3,None))
Now, can I override the slice operator?
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Re: Is there an easier way to express this list slicing?
John Henry wrote:
>
> Further, if splitUp is a sub-class of string, then I can do:
>
> alist, blist, clist, dlist = "ABCDEFGHIJ".slice((1,1,3,None))
>
> Now, can I override the slice operator?
Maybe like:
alist, blist, clist, dlist = newStr("ABCDEFGHIJ")[1,1,3,None]
where newStr is a sub-class of str, with a __repr__ that takes a
variable list of arguments?
(No clue how to code that yet, still pretty new to this)
Maybe they should make this a standard slicing feature
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Re: Is there an easier way to express this list slicing?
Thomas Ploch wrote: > > I had a little bit of fun while writing this: > > itemList = (a,b,c1,c2,c3,d1,d2,d3,d4,d5) and > itemList2 = (a1,a2,a3,b,c,d1,d2,d3,d4,d5) the next time. > Huh? What's a,b,d5? > def getSlices(aCount, bCount, cCount, dCount, items): > a,b,c,d = (items[0:aCount], > items[aCount:aCount+bCount], > items[aCount+bCount:aCount+bCount+cCount], > item[aCount+bCount+cCount:aCount+bCount+cCount+dCount]) You meant "items" here, right? > return list(a),list(b),list(c),list(d) > > >>>a,b,c,d = getSlices(1,1,3,5,itemList) > >>>print a,b,c,d > ['a'] ['b'] ['c1', 'c2', 'c3'] ['d1', 'd2', 'd3', 'd4', 'd5'] > > >>>a,b,c,d = getSlices(3,1,1,0,itemList2) > >>>print a,b,c,d > ['a1', 'a2', 'a3'] ['b'] ['c'] [] > > %-) > > Thomas -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Is there an easier way to express this list slicing?
Thomas Ploch wrote: > > John Henry schrieb: > > > Thomas Ploch wrote: > > > > >> >> I had a little bit of fun while writing this: > >> >> > >> >> itemList = (a,b,c1,c2,c3,d1,d2,d3,d4,d5) and > >> >> itemList2 = (a1,a2,a3,b,c,d1,d2,d3,d4,d5) the next time. > >> >> > > > > > > Huh? What's a,b,d5? > > > > > Can be any object, as you had in your example in your mail: > Oh, sorry. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Is there an easier way to express this list slicing?
Paul McGuire wrote:
> "John Henry" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote in message
> news:[EMAIL PROTECTED]
> >
> > John Henry wrote:
> >
> >>
> >> Further, if splitUp is a sub-class of string, then I can do:
> >>
> >> alist, blist, clist, dlist = "ABCDEFGHIJ".slice((1,1,3,None))
> >>
> >> Now, can I override the slice operator?
> >
> > Maybe like:
> >
> > alist, blist, clist, dlist = newStr("ABCDEFGHIJ")[1,1,3,None]
> >
>
> No need to contort string, just expand on your earlier idea. I changed your
> class name to SplitUp to more more conventional (class names are usually
> capitalized), and changed slice to __call__. Then I changed the lens arg to
> *lens - note the difference in the calling format. Pretty close to what you
> have above. Also, reconsider whether you want the __init__ function
> list-ifying the input src - let the caller decide what to send in.
>
In fact, should be possible to make that any object the caller want to
send in...
> -- Paul
>
> class SplitUp(object):
>def __init__(self,src):
>self._src=list(src)
>def __call__(self, *lens):
> ret = []
> cur = 0
> for length in lens:
> if length is not None:
> ret.append( self._src[cur:cur+length] )
> cur += length
> else:
> ret.append( self._src[cur:] )
> return ret
>
> alist, blist, clist, dlist = SplitUp("ABCDEFGHIJ")(1,1,3,None)
> print alist, blist, clist, dlist
>
> Prints:
> ['A'] ['B'] ['C', 'D', 'E'] ['F', 'G', 'H', 'I', 'J']
Thanks for the help,
--
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Re: Is python memory shared between theads?
Wesley Henwood wrote: > So I declare a variable named A in thread1, in script1.py. I assign > the value of 2.5 to A. I then run script2.py in thread2. Script2.py > assigns the value of 5.5 to a variable named A. Now, when thread1 > resums execution, I see that A = 5.5, rather than 2.5 as I expected. > > Is this normal behavior? Based on the little documentation I have been > able to find on this topic, it is normal behavior. The only way to use > same-named variables in scripts is to have them run in a different > process, rather than different threads. Yes and No. local variables are local to each threads. Global variables are global to the threads. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
