Re: Proposal: Decimal literals in Python.

[Raymond Hettinger]

On Oct 26, 1:54 am, Lennart Benschop <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
> My proposal:
> - Any decimal constant suffixed with the letter "D" or "d" will be
>   interpreted as a literal of the Decimal type. This also goes for
>   decimal constants with exponential notation.

There's nothing new here that hasn't already been proposed and
discussed on python-dev.  There were no major objections to the idea;
however, it will need to wait until there is a good C implementation
of the decimal module (which is in the works but coming along very,
very slowly).  Also, once we have a C coded decimal object, further
work would be needed to make it integrate well with the rest of the
language (i.e. making sure that everything allows numeric inputs can
handle a decimal object as a possible input).

FWIW, using the decimal module is not at all as onerous as the OP
makes it sound.  I write:

   from decimal import Decimal as D
   print D(1) / D(7) + D('0.123456')

That isn't much of a burden compared with:

print 1d / 7d + 0.123456d

You would still need to import decimal so you can set the context
parameters (like precision and rounding).

Also, most non-toy scripts have *very* few literals in them; instead,
the decimal values arise from calculations, user inputs, and file of
data.  Casting those to the correct type is really no more difficult
that it is with other types:

  s = raw_input('Input temperature')
  print int(s), Decimal(s), float(s)

Raymond


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cannot open webpage which requires authentication

[gmguyx]

I tried using urllib.urlopen to open a personalized webpage
(my.yahoo.com) but it doesn't work:

print urllib.urlopen(http://my.yahoo.com).read()

Instead of returning my.yahoo.com, it returns a page asking me to log
in.

So then I tried urllib.urlencode:

data = urllib.urlencode({'action': 'https://login.yahoo.com/config/
login?', 'login': , 'passwd': })
print urllib.urlopen(http://my.yahoo.com, data).read()

However, this doesn't work either. Is there a way to do this? Thanks
in advance.

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Re: transmit an array via socket

[Diez B. Roggisch]

Jeff Pang schrieb:
> I want to transmit an array via socket from a host to another.
> How to do it? thank you.

Using XMLRPC or Pyro or other RPC mechanisms instead of reinventing a 
wheel that is larger than the socket API suggests in the first place.

Diez
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Re: transmit an array via socket

[7stud]

On Oct 26, 11:52 pm, "Jeff Pang" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
> I want to transmit an array via socket from a host to another.
> How to do it? thank you.
>

Try this:

client:
---
import socket

s = socket.socket()
host = 'localhost'
port = 3030
s.connect( (host, port) )

arr = [1, 2, 3]

for elmt in arr:
send_str = "%s," % str(elmt)

while send_str:
   chars_sent = s.send(send_str)
   send_str = send_str[chars_sent:]

s.close()



server:
---
import socket

s = socket.socket()

host = "localhost"
port = 3030
s.bind((host, port))

s.listen(5)

while("Ctrl-C hasn't been entered"):
new_sock, addr = s.accept()
data_list = []

while True:
partial_data = new_sock.recv(1012)
data_list.append(partial_data)
if not partial_data: #then got all the data
break

data_str = ''.join(data_list)[:-1]  #chop off trailing comma
arr_strs = data_str.split(",")

arr_ints = [int(elmt) for elmt in arr_strs]
print arr_ints

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How can i do proxy in urllib.urlopen?

[Abandoned]

Hi i want to do proxy in urllib.urlopen how can i do this ?
And which proxy type have i can prefer ?

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Re: Going past the float size limits?

[Hendrik van Rooyen]

<[EMAIL PROTECTED]>  wrote:

> On Oct 26, 6:56 pm, "Chris Mellon" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:

> > What in the world are you trying to count?
>
> The calculation looks like this
>
> A = 0.35
> T = 0.30
> C = 0.25
> G = 0.10
>
> and then I basically continually multiply those numbers together. I
> need to do it like 200,000+ times but that's nuts. I can't even do it
> 1000 times or the number rounds off to 0.0. I tried taking the inverse
> of these numbers as I go but then it just shoots up to "inf".

Yeah right.  Nuts it is.

0.35*0.3*0.25*0.1 is approximately a third of a third of a
quarter of a tenth, or more precisely 2.625 parts in a thousand.

So after the second set of mutiplies,  you have about 6.89 parts in a million,
and then 0.18 parts in a billion after the third, and so on - the exponent grows
by between -3 and -2 on every iteration.

So 0.002625**20 is a number so small that its about as close as
you can practically get to bugger-all, as it is less than 10 ** -40,
and more than 10**-60

Now I have heard rumours that there are approximately 10**80 elementary
particles in the universe, so this is much less than one of them, even if my
rumour is grossly wrong.

A light year is of the order of 9.46*10**18 millimetres, and no human has ever
been that far away from home.  Call it 10**19 for convenience.  So your number
slices the last millimetre in a light year into more than 10**399981 parts.

Have you formulated the problem that you are trying to solve properly?

- Hendrik



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Re: transmit an array via socket

[Hendrik van Rooyen]

"Jeff Pang"  wrote:


I want to transmit an array via socket from a host to another.
How to do it? thank you.

pickle it and send it and unpickle it on the other side.

See the cPickle module docs for loads and dumps.

- Hendrik

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Re: How can i do proxy in urllib.urlopen?

[Abandoned]

I read the urllib
reference and set http_proxy="my proxy". But it didn't work. I can't
even get authenticated. Is there anyway that we can set the proxy?

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Re: Going past the float size limits?

[Carl Banks]

On Oct 26, 8:00 pm, Grant Edwards <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
> On 2007-10-26, [EMAIL PROTECTED] <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
>
> >> What in the world are you trying to count?
>
> > The calculation looks like this
>
> > A = 0.35
> > T = 0.30
> > C = 0.25
> > G = 0.10
>
> The bases in DNA?
>
> > and then I basically continually multiply those numbers together. I
> > need to do it like 200,000+ times but that's nuts.
>
> Exactly.  It sure looks like what you're doing is nuts.
>
> > I can't even do it 1000 times or the number rounds off to 0.0.
> > I tried taking the inverse of these numbers as I go but then
> > it just shoots up to "inf".
>
> Can you explain what it is you're trying to calculate?

Looks pretty obviously to be a calculation of the probability that
bases in the given ratios would randomly form a particular sequence.

What use this would be I cannot tell.


Carl Banks

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Re: "sem_post: Invalid argument"

[robert]

Jonathan Gardner wrote:
> On Oct 25, 2:19 pm, robert <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
>> Jonathan Gardner wrote:
>>> On Oct 25, 12:56 pm, robert <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
 On a server the binary (red hat) installed python2.4 and also a
 fresh compiled python2.5 spits "sem_post: Invalid argument".
 What is this and how can this solved?
 ...
 Python 2.4.3 (#1, Jun  6 2006, 21:10:41)
 [GCC 3.2.3 20030502 (Red Hat Linux 3.2.3-54)] on linux2
 ...
 server [~]# uname -a
 Linux server 2.4.34.1-p4-smp-bigmem-JWH #1 SMP Mon Mar 19 03:26:57
 JST 2007 i686 i686 i386 GNU/Linux
>>> Are you sure you have compatible binaries? Or did you install a random
>>> RPM without checking for dependencies?
>> Should be compatible - but I am not sure if the kernel was
>> recompiled on this machine. And at least the fresh ./configure'ed
>> and compiled py2.5, which yields the same problem, should be
>> maximum compatible. Maybe because this machine is a "smp-bigmem" ..
>>
> 
> At this point, I would start digging into the error messages
> themselves. Maybe a shout out to the developers of whatever code is
> generating that error message. When you understand under what
> conditions that error message is thrown, perhaps it will yield some
> insight into what python is doing differently than everything else.
> 

In the Python2.4 sources just this piece causes the sem_post error 
message:

void
PyThread_release_lock(PyThread_type_lock lock)
{
sem_t *thelock = (sem_t *)lock;
int status, error = 0;

dprintf(("PyThread_release_lock(%p) called\n", lock));

status = sem_post(thelock);
CHECK_STATUS("sem_post");
}

===
  ERRORS

 The sem_post() function will fail if:

 [EINVAL]
 The sem does not refer to a valid semaphore.
===


with EINVAL - to me the only remaining reason is somehow a wrong 
sem_t memory layout - in the C compiler header file on this rented 
server - though the lock was established ok!?? ...
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""MAN+_-WOMAN_+|=SEX WORLD""

[Athul]

""MAN+_-WOMAN_+|=SEX WORLD""
""DATING AND ROMANCE"""

*
http://www.freewebs.com/sociwok/


http://amigos.com/go/g903136-pmem

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Dr. Wallach...

[Hans Peter Tkany]

Im Tierfutter sind 41 wichtige Nährstoffe...
In der Babynahrung sind nur 11 der wichtigen Nährstoffe...
Unsere Nahrung im Supermarkt enthält noch weniger lebenswichtige Mineralien und Vitamine...


Erfahren Sie kostenlos die schockierende Wahrheit in Das Geheimniss der 91 essentiellen Nährstoffe


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Re: transmit an array via socket

[Bryan Olson]

Hendrik van Rooyen wrote:
> "Jeff Pang"  wrote:
>> I want to transmit an array via socket from a host to another.
>> How to do it? thank you.
> 
> pickle it and send it and unpickle it on the other side.
> 
> See the cPickle module docs for loads and dumps.

In particular note:

 Warning: The pickle module is not intended to be secure
 against erroneous or maliciously constructed data. Never
 unpickle data received from an untrusted or
 unauthenticated source.

Pickle works great for lots of things, but combining
pickle and socket is scary. If an unfriendly can connect
to our socket, they can feed us a *poison* pickle. The
marshal module is at least as bad.

The marshaling in RPC facilities tends to be much safer.


-- 
--Bryan
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ANN: Leo 4.4.4 beta 4 released

[Edward K Ream]

Leo 4.4.4 beta 4 is available at:
http://sourceforge.net/project/showfiles.php?group_id=3458&package_id=29106

This beta 4 version fixes all bugs reported against Leo 4.4.4 beta 3.

Leo is a text editor, data organizer, project manager and much more. See:
http://webpages.charter.net/edreamleo/intro.html

Leo 4.4.4 contains many important features originally planned for later 
releases.

The highlights of Leo 4.4.4:


- The Great Graph Aha (tm): simple scripts allow Leo outlines to represent
  arbitrary directed graphs. There is no need for a separate 'graph world'. 
The
  graphed.py plugin is a direct result of this Aha. The graphed.py plugin 
allows
  you to create general graphs from Leo outlines.

- @menus trees in settings files create all of Leo's menus.  It is now dead
  easy to make Leo's menus look the way you want.

- @buttons trees in settings files create common @button nodes created in 
all
  Leo outlines.

- @auto nodes eliminate sentinels in derived files, thereby allowing people 
to
  collaborate using Leo more easily.

- New commands for resolving cvs conflicts.

- A threading_colorizer plugin replaces the __jEdit_colorizer__ plugin.
  This plugin features much better performance and a new, elegant algorithm.

- Leo is now compatible with jython.

- Better support for icons in headlines.

- The usual assortment of bug fixes and other minor improvements.

Links:
--
Leo:  http://webpages.charter.net/edreamleo/front.html
Home: http://sourceforge.net/projects/leo/
Download: http://sourceforge.net/project/showfiles.php?group_id=3458
CVS:  http://leo.tigris.org/source/browse/leo/
Quotes:   http://webpages.charter.net/edreamleo/testimonials.html


Edward K. Ream   email:  [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Leo: http://webpages.charter.net/edreamleo/front.html



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Re: simple question on dictionary usage

[Dustan]

On Oct 27, 1:16 am, Frank Millman <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
> On Oct 27, 8:02 am, Frank Millman <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
>
> > > This should work -
>
> > > egt = dict([i for i in d.items() if i[0].startswith('E')])
>
> > Of course I meant record.items(), not d.items(). Sorry.
>
> > Frank
>
> On reflection, although my solution is a bit shorter than some others,
> it may not be as efficient, as it retrieves the key and value for
> *every* entry in 'record' before testing whether the key begins with
> 'E'.

That can be fixed by using record.iteritems() instead of
record.items().

> If the dictionary is large, this may be a consideration.
>
> Frank


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Re: simple question on dictionary usage

[Bruno Desthuilliers]

Frank Stutzman a écrit :
> My apologies in advance, I'm new to python
> 
> Say, I have a dictionary that looks like this:
> 
> record={'BAT': '14.4', 'USD': '24', 'DIF': '45', 'OAT': '16',
> 'FF': '3.9', 'C3': '343', 'E4': '1157', 'C1': '339',
> 'E6': '1182', 'RPM': '996', 'C6': '311', 'C5': '300',
> 'C4': '349', 'CLD': '0', 'E5': '1148', 'C2': '329',
> 'MAP': '15', 'OIL': '167', 'HP': '19', 'E1': '1137',
> 'MARK': '', 'E3': '1163', 'TIME': '15:43:54',
> 'E2': '1169'}
> 
> From this dictionary I would like to create another dictionary calld
> 'egt') that has all of the keys that start with the letter 'E'.  In
> otherwords it should look like this:
> 
> egt = {'E6': '1182','E1': '1137','E4': '1157','E5': '1148',
>'E2': '1169','E3': '1163'}
> 
> This should be pretty easy,

Indeed !-)

> but somehow with all my googling I've
> not found a hint.

egt = dict((k, v) for k, v in record.iteritems() if k.startswith('E'))
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Re: Regular Expression

[patrick . waldo]

Finally I solved the problem, with some really minor things to tweak.
I guess it's true that I had two problems working with regular
expressions.

Thank you all for your help.  I really learned a lot on quite a
difficult problem.

Final Code:

#For text files in a directory...
#Analyzes a randomly organized UTF8 document with EINECS, CAS,
Chemical, and Chemical Formula
#into a document structured as EINECS|CAS|Chemical|Chemical Formula.

import os
import codecs
import re

path = "C:\\text_samples\\text\\"
path2 = "C:\\text_samples\\text\\output\\"
EINECS = re.compile(r'^\d\d\d-\d\d\d-\d$')
CAS = re.compile(r'^\d*-\d\d-\d$')
FORMULA = re.compile(r'([A-Z][A-Za-z0-9]+\.?[A-Za-z0-9]+/?[A-Za-
z0-9]+)')


def iter_elements(tokens):
product = []
for tok in tokens:
if EINECS.match(tok) and len(product) >= 4:
match = re.match(FORMULA,product[-1])
if match:
product[2:-1] = [' '.join(product[2:-1])]
yield product
product = []
else:
product[2:-1] = [' '.join(product[2:])]
del product[-1]
yield product
product = []
product.append(tok)
yield product

for text in os.listdir(path):
input_text = os.path.join(path,text)
output_text = os.path.join(path2,text)
input = codecs.open(input_text, 'r','utf8')
output = codecs.open(output_text, 'w', 'utf8')
tokens = input.read().split()
for element in iter_elements(tokens):
output.write('|'.join(element))
output.write("\r\n")
input.close()
output.close()

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Re: simple question on dictionary usage

[bearophileHUGS]

My take too :-)

dict(item for item in record.iteritems() if item[0][0] == 'E')

Bye,
bearophile

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Re: NUCULAR fielded text searchable indexing

[Istvan Albert]

On Oct 17, 7:20 am, Steve Holden <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:

> I still remember Gadfly fondly.

What a great piece of software Gadfly is ... congrats on that Aaron.
For me it was one of the first Python packages that truly stood out
and made me want to learn Python.

i.

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Re: simple question on dictionary usage

[Marc 'BlackJack' Rintsch]

On Sat, 27 Oct 2007 05:23:30 -0700, bearophileHUGS wrote:

> My take too :-)
> 
> dict(item for item in record.iteritems() if item[0][0] == 'E')

``s.startswith('E')`` is a little safer than ``s[0] == 'E'`` as the former
returns `False` if `s` is empty while the latter raises an `IndexError`.

Ciao,
Marc 'BlackJack' Rintsch
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Re: Going past the float size limits?

[Steven D'Aprano]

On Sat, 27 Oct 2007 10:24:41 +0200, Hendrik van Rooyen wrote:

> So 0.002625**20 is a number so small that its about as close as you
> can practically get to bugger-all, as it is less than 10 ** -40, and
> more than 10**-60

If you read the rest of the thread, you'll see I give a much more 
accurate estimate. It's approaching 10**-52.


> Now I have heard rumours that there are approximately 10**80 elementary
> particles in the universe, so this is much less than one of them, even
> if my rumour is grossly wrong.
> 
> A light year is of the order of 9.46*10**18 millimetres, and no human
> has ever been that far away from home.  Call it 10**19 for convenience. 
> So your number slices the last millimetre in a light year into more than
> 10**399981 parts.

Numbers like 10**52 (the reciprocal of the product found) is a 
perfectly reasonable number if you're dealing with (say) permutations. 
Admittedly, even something of the complexity of Go only has about 10**150 
possible moves, but Go is simplicity itself compared to (say) Borges' 
Library of Babel or the set of all possible genomes.

It's not even what mathematicians call a "large number" -- it can be 
written using ordinary notation of powers. For large numbers that can't 
be written using ordinary notation, see here:

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Large_number
http://www.scottaaronson.com/writings/bignumbers.html

For instance, Ackermann's Sequence starts off quite humbly:

2, 4, 27 ...

but the fourth item is 4**4**4**4 (which has 10,154 digits) and the fifth 
can't even be written out in ordinary mathematical notation.


Calculating numbers like 10**52 or its reciprocal is also a very good 
exercise in programming. Anyone can write a program to multiply two 
floating point numbers together and get a moderately accurate answer:

product = X*Y # yawn

But multiplying 200,000 floating point numbers together and getting an 
accurate answer somewhere near 10**-52 requires the programmer to 
actually think about what they're doing. You can't just say:

A,T,C,G = (0.35, 0.30, 0.25, 0.10)
product = map(operator.mul, [A*T*C*G]*20)

and expect to get anywhere.

Despite my fear that this is a stupid attempt by the Original Poster's 
professor to quantify the old saw about evolution being impossible 
("...blah blah blah hurricane in a junk yard blah blah Concorde blah blah 
blah..."), I really like this homework question.



-- 
Steven.
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Re: How to create a PUG mailing list?

[Aahz]

In article <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>,
Kevin D. Smith  <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
>
>I'm trying to get a Python User Group started in Norman, OK and I want 
>to get one of those fancy mailing lists on mail.python.org.  There is a 
>link there to create a new list if you have the proper authority.  How 
>does someone get the proper authority?

Expressing interest.  ;-)

Seriously, just send email to [EMAIL PROTECTED] -- they're a bit
strapped for time, so it may take a few days.
-- 
Aahz ([EMAIL PROTECTED])   <*> http://www.pythoncraft.com/

"Typing is cheap.  Thinking is expensive."  --Roy Smith
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How to include docs using distutils?

[skip]

I have a simple setup.py file:

#!/usr/bin/env python

from distutils.core import setup
setup(name='lockfile',
  author='Skip Montanaro',
  author_email='[EMAIL PROTECTED]',
  maintainer='Skip Montanaro',
  maintainer_email='[EMAIL PROTECTED]',
  url='http://www.webfast.com/~skip/python/',
  download_url='http://www.webfast.com/~skip/python/lockfile.tar.gz',
  version='0.1',
  py_modules=['lockfile'],
  data_files=[('doc', ['lockfile.rst'])],
  )

I've used the data_files arg to setup to note where the docs live.  Alas,
the sdist command doesn't include this in the tar file:

% tar tfz dist/lockfile-0.1.tar.gz 
lockfile-0.1/
lockfile-0.1/lockfile.py
lockfile-0.1/PKG-INFO
lockfile-0.1/README
lockfile-0.1/setup.py

I'm a complete distutils novice.  I can't for the life of me understand why
the doc directory isn't included in the tar file.  As far as I can tell
distutils has no explicit provision at all for distributing documentation,
which seems very weird.  What am I missing?

Thanks,

Skip

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Re: simple question on dictionary usage

[Steven D'Aprano]

On Sat, 27 Oct 2007 04:29:51 +, Frank Stutzman wrote:

> My apologies in advance, I'm new to python
> 
> Say, I have a dictionary that looks like this:
> 
> record={'BAT': '14.4', 'USD': '24', 'DIF': '45', 'OAT': '16',
> 'FF': '3.9', 'C3': '343', 'E4': '1157', 'C1': '339', 'E6':
> '1182', 'RPM': '996', 'C6': '311', 'C5': '300', 'C4': '349',
> 'CLD': '0', 'E5': '1148', 'C2': '329', 'MAP': '15', 'OIL':
> '167', 'HP': '19', 'E1': '1137', 'MARK': '', 'E3': '1163',
> 'TIME': '15:43:54', 'E2': '1169'}
> 
> From this dictionary I would like to create another dictionary calld
> 'egt') that has all of the keys that start with the letter 'E'.  In
> otherwords it should look like this:
> 
> egt = {'E6': '1182','E1': '1137','E4': '1157','E5': '1148',
>'E2': '1169','E3': '1163'}


With my tongue firmly in cheek, I present the following obfuscated 
solution:

eval("{" + reduce(lambda x,y: y+', '+x, [mo.group(1) for mo in __import__
('re').finditer(r"('E.*?'\s*:\s*'.*?'),?", str(record))], "") + "}")


The above should be a single line.


eval(), reduce(), lambda, string concatenation in the least efficient way 
possible, regexes... could it get any worse than this?



-- 
Steven.
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Re: Proposal: Decimal literals in Python.

[MRAB]

On Oct 27, 12:12 am, Ben Finney <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
wrote:
> Matimus <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> writes:
> > The trailing L [for 'long' literals] is going away in Python 3.0.
>
> Yes. On the other hand, we are gaining '0b' for binary literals,
> to go along with '0o' for octal and '0x' for hexadecimal.
>
> So, the original poster might get further by proposing an '0dNNN.NNN'
> syntax for 'decimal.Decimal' literals. At least the syntax would be
> consistent and wouldn't add a new punctuation character to the
> language...
>
[snip]
Some languages have or permit 0q or 0Q for octal to reduce the
chance of confusion of 'O' (oh) with '0' (zero) in uppercase, eg.
0Q123 is clearer than 0O123 (0 oh 123), although lowercase is better,
eg. 0q123 or 0o123.

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A lib to build query string...

[[EMAIL PROTECTED]]

Hi!

I have a pager component.
This component is makes database slices (record sets) and it is use 
query string's PageIndex element to identify the actual page.

This component is makes pager buttons in HTML to control.
Like this:
<< < 4 5 6 > >>

My problem that I need to search and I need to use pager in the resultset.

This time I need to give all search parameters to the controller HTML.

I wanna automatize that with this:
qdict = parse_query(query_string)
qdict['pageindex'] = neededpageindex
new_query_string = make_query_string(qdict)

Is anybody knows about a function that can build query string from 
parameter list? I very need that!

Thanks for it!
dd

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Re: Going past the float size limits?

[[EMAIL PROTECTED]]

On Oct 27, 8:12?am, Steven D'Aprano <[EMAIL PROTECTED]
cybersource.com.au> wrote:
> On Sat, 27 Oct 2007 10:24:41 +0200, Hendrik van Rooyen wrote:
> > So 0.002625**20 is a number so small that its about as close as you
> > can practically get to bugger-all, as it is less than 10 ** -40, and
> > more than 10**-60
>
> If you read the rest of the thread, you'll see I give a much more
> accurate estimate. It's approaching 10**-52.
>
> > Now I have heard rumours that there are approximately 10**80 elementary
> > particles in the universe, so this is much less than one of them, even
> > if my rumour is grossly wrong.
>
> > A light year is of the order of 9.46*10**18 millimetres, and no human
> > has ever been that far away from home.  Call it 10**19 for convenience.
> > So your number slices the last millimetre in a light year into more than
> > 10**399981 parts.
>
> Numbers like 10**52 (the reciprocal of the product found) is a
> perfectly reasonable number if you're dealing with (say) permutations.
> Admittedly, even something of the complexity of Go only has about 10**150
> possible moves, but Go is simplicity itself compared to (say) Borges'
> Library of Babel or the set of all possible genomes.

And numbers of that size needn't be intractable.
The run time to generate a Collatz sequence is
logarithmic to the starting number. A number with
53328 digits only takes about 2.5 million iterations.
Of course, you can't test ALL the numbers of that
size, but often we're researching only certain types,
such as the ith kth Generation Type [1,2] Mersenne
Hailstone:

Closed form: Type12MH(k,i)
Find ith, kth Generation Type [1,2] Mersenne Hailstone
using the closed form equation

2**(6*((i-1)*9**(k-1)+(9**(k-1)-1)/2+1)-1)-1

2**5-1  generation: 1
   2**29-1  generation: 2
  2**245-1  generation: 3
 2**2189-1  generation: 4
2**19685-1  generation: 5
   2**177149-1  generation: 6
  2**1594325-1  generation: 7
 2**14348909-1  generation: 8
2**129140165-1  generation: 9
   2**1162261469-1  generation:10

1.141 seconds

Generation 10 has over a billion bits or >300
million digits. I had to stop there because an
exponent of 32 bits gives an "outrageous exponent"
error.

The closed form formula only works for a very
specific type of number. The research goal was
to come with a generic algorithm that works with
any Type and see if the algorithm obtains the
same results:

Verify Type12MH Hailstones:
Find ith, kth Generation Type (xyz) Hailstone
using the non-recursive equation

(gmpy.divm(y**(k-1)-prev_gen[2],y-x,y**(k-1))/
y**(k-2))*xyz[1]**(k-1)+prev_gen[3]

where i=((hailstone-geni(k,1,xyz))/(xyz[1]**k))+1

2**5-1  generation: 1
   2**29-1  generation: 2
  2**245-1  generation: 3
 2**2189-1  generation: 4
2**19685-1  generation: 5
   2**177149-1  generation: 6
  2**1594325-1  generation: 7
 2**14348909-1  generation: 8
2**129140165-1  generation: 9
   2**1162261469-1  generation:10

4.015 seconds

There are legitimate uses for such large numbers
and Python's ability to handle this was what got
me interested in using Python in the first place.

>
> It's not even what mathematicians call a "large number" -- it can be
> written using ordinary notation of powers. For large numbers that can't
> be written using ordinary notation, see here:
>
> http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Large_numberhttp://www.scottaaronson.com/writings/bignumbers.html
>
> For instance, Ackermann's Sequence starts off quite humbly:
>
> 2, 4, 27 ...
>
> but the fourth item is 4**4**4**4 (which has 10,154 digits) and the fifth
> can't even be written out in ordinary mathematical notation.
>
> Calculating numbers like 10**52 or its reciprocal is also a very good
> exercise in programming. Anyone can write a program to multiply two
> floating point numbers together and get a moderately accurate answer:
>
> product = X*Y # yawn
>
> But multiplying 200,000 floating point numbers together and getting an
> accurate answer somewhere near 10**-52 requires the programmer to
> actually think about what they're doing. You can't just say:
>
> A,T,C,G = (0.35, 0.30, 0.25, 0.10)
> product = map(operator.mul, [A*T*C*G]*20)
>
> and expect to get anywhere.
>
> Despite my fear that this is a stupid attempt by the Original Poster's
> professor to quantify the old saw about evolution being impossible
> ("...blah blah blah hurricane in a junk yard blah blah Concorde blah blah
> blah..."), I really like this homework question.
>
> --
> Steven.


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good example of C extension for Mac OS X

[chewie54]

Hi All,

Does anyone now of a good example to use as template for a  C program
extension that needs to be built on the Mac OS X.

Thanks,

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Re: Proposal: Decimal literals in Python.

[Paul Hankin]

On Oct 27, 3:09 pm, MRAB <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
> On Oct 27, 12:12 am, Ben Finney <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
> wrote:> Matimus <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> writes:
> > > The trailing L [for 'long' literals] is going away in Python 3.0.
>
> > Yes. On the other hand, we are gaining '0b' for binary literals,
> > to go along with '0o' for octal and '0x' for hexadecimal.
>
> > So, the original poster might get further by proposing an '0dNNN.NNN'
> > syntax for 'decimal.Decimal' literals. At least the syntax would be
> > consistent and wouldn't add a new punctuation character to the
> > language...
>
> [snip]
> Some languages have or permit 0q or 0Q for octal to reduce the
> chance of confusion of 'O' (oh) with '0' (zero) in uppercase, eg.
> 0Q123 is clearer than 0O123 (0 oh 123), although lowercase is better,
> eg. 0q123 or 0o123.

Even clearer is not to allow octal literals :) Is there *any* use for
them?

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Re: good example of C extension for Mac OS X

[Paul Hankin]

On Oct 27, 4:11 pm, chewie54 <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
> Does anyone now of a good example to use as template for a  C program
> extension that needs to be built on the Mac OS X.

There's good, basic examples in the documentation on extending python:
http://docs.python.org/ext/

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Re: Proposal: Decimal literals in Python.

[Tim Chase]

> Even clearer is not to allow octal literals :) Is there *any* use for
> them?

+1

I find that anything I have even the remotest inkling of using
octal for can be done just as easily with hex.

-tkc


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mod_python, ElementTree and Aapche 2.0

[Rajarshi]

Hi, this is a slightly vague question but I'm really puzzled as to
when I write a mod_python (3.1.3) program that makes use of
ElementTree and call it via a URL, the program simply stops when I do
something like

s = # some XML document in a string
root = XML(s)

There is no exception at all - the browser just shows a blank page

But running the code outside of the web server makes it run fine.

This is on a RHEL 4 machine, with Apache 2.0.52 and Python 2.3.4

Has anybody ever seen this type of behavior?

Thanks,

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Consistent mapping from frame to function

[TimeHorse]

Is there a consistent way to map a frame object to a function / method
object?  Methods usually hang off of parameter 1, and functions
usually in the global or local scope.  But lambda functions and
decorators are not so easily mapped.  You can get access to the
executing code object from the frame, but I don't see a consistent way
to map it to the function.  Any suggestion?

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sort a list

[_nospamnet_]

hello,

I'm new to python and this list.I hope this question don't repeat an old story 
on the list.

I have a number list,say it's [3,2,1,4,5],I want to sort it as [1,2,3,4,5],how 
to do?

Thanks.



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os.walk and recursive deletion

[Martin Marcher]

Hello,

I'm playing around with os.walk and I made up del_tree(path) which I
think is correct (in terms of the algorithm, but not as python wants
it :)).

As soon as some directory is deleted the iterator of os.walk chokes.
OK that is somehow clear to me as it can't be valid anymore since it
can't go to the just deleted directory but it is in the iterator.

I generated the test data with (bash, don't know of other shell
expansion features)

# root="test"
# mkdir $root
# mkdir -p
# 
$root/{a,b,c,d,e,f,g,h,i,j,k,l,m,n,o,p,q,r,s,t,u,v,w,x,y,z}/{a,b,c,d,e,f,g,h,i,j,k,l,m,n,o,p,q,r,s,t,u,v,w,x,y,z}
# touch 
$root/{a,b,c,d,e,f,g,h,i,j,k,l,m,n,o,p,q,r,s,t,u,v,w,x,y,z}/{0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9}
# touch 
$root/{a,b,c,d,e,f,g,h,i,j,k,l,m,n,o,p,q,r,s,t,u,v,w,x,y,z}/{a,b,c,d,e,f,g,h,i,j,k,l,m,n,o,p,q,r,s,t,u,v,w,x,y,z}/{0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9}

Here goes the script, as far as I tested it it runs fine in test mode.
Now that is just use the print statements like attached below. as soon
as os.rmdir and os.unlink are involved the iterator chokes. How do I
get around that, or what should I use to be able to recursively delete
everything under a certain subdir?

#--snip
import sys
import os
import unittest

def del_tree(path):
   walker = os.walk(path)
   for entry in walker:
  cwd = entry[0]
  subdirs = entry[1]
  files = entry[2]
  print "Checking directory: %s" %(cwd, )
  if files:
 for file in files:
file = os.path.join(cwd, file)
print "The file is now: %s" % (file, )
#os.unlink(file)
 print "OK directory %s has no more files, checking for
subdirs..." % (cwd, )
  else:
 print "OK directory %s NEVER HAD FILES, checking for
subdirs..." % (cwd, )
  if not subdirs:
 print "We can delete: %s" % (cwd, )
 #os.rmdir(cwd)
  else:
 for subdir in subdirs:
subdir = os.path.join(cwd, subdir)
print "We need to recurse into: %s" % (subdir, )
del_tree(subdir)
   #os.rmdir(path)
   print "Removing: %s" % (path, )
#--snap
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how to creating html files with python

[krishnakant Mane]

hello,
I have one strange requirement,
I need to create html files through python and add some data from the database.
it is a GUI based application developed in WX python.
and the reports need to come out in html for some strange reason which
is off topic to discuss here.
but the point is that how do I do it?
should I create a normal file object and write the html with the data
into it or are there some modules to do it?
regards,
Krishnakant.
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Re: Proposal: Decimal literals in Python.

[Dan Bishop]

On Oct 27, 10:27 am, Paul Hankin <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
> On Oct 27, 3:09 pm, MRAB <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
>
>
>
> > On Oct 27, 12:12 am, Ben Finney <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
> > wrote:> Matimus <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> writes:
> > > > The trailing L [for 'long' literals] is going away in Python 3.0.
>
> > > Yes. On the other hand, we are gaining '0b' for binary literals,
> > > to go along with '0o' for octal and '0x' for hexadecimal.
>
> > > So, the original poster might get further by proposing an '0dNNN.NNN'
> > > syntax for 'decimal.Decimal' literals. At least the syntax would be
> > > consistent and wouldn't add a new punctuation character to the
> > > language...
>
> > [snip]
> > Some languages have or permit 0q or 0Q for octal to reduce the
> > chance of confusion of 'O' (oh) with '0' (zero) in uppercase, eg.
> > 0Q123 is clearer than 0O123 (0 oh 123), although lowercase is better,
> > eg. 0q123 or 0o123.
>
> Even clearer is not to allow octal literals :) Is there *any* use for
> them?

The mode argument to os.chmod.

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Re: sort a list

[Diez B. Roggisch]

[EMAIL PROTECTED] schrieb:
> hello,
> 
> I'm new to python and this list.I hope this question don't repeat an old 
> story on the list.
> 
> I have a number list,say it's [3,2,1,4,5],I want to sort it as 
> [1,2,3,4,5],how to do?

your_list.sort()

Please read the documentation, all of this is properly documented.

And even google would have brought that up really fast:

google:python list sort

1) http://xahlee.org/perl-python/sort_list.html (Oh my, it's Xah)

2) http://docs.python.org/lib/typesseq-mutable.html (official python docs)


So the first two links give you all the information you needed.

Diez
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Re: simple question on dictionary usage

[Frank Stutzman]

Wow, what a great group!  Lots of useful and kind suggestions to what I was
sure was a fairly dumb question.  A few comments on some selected suggestions
(but I appreciate all of them)

Edward Kozlowski wrote:

> egt = {}
> for key in record:
>if key.startswith('E'):
>egt[key] = record[key]

I actually had come up with something like this, but thought it wasn't
quite as pythonish as it should be.  It is certainly much more readable
to a neophyte to python.
 
Bruno Desthuilliers wrote:

> egt = dict((k, v) for k, v in record.iteritems() if k.startswith('E'))

This is what I was looking for.  I thought I had seen something simular
to this in one of the tutorials I had read, but couldn't seem to find it.

Steven D'Aprano:

> eval("{" + reduce(lambda x,y: y+', '+x, [mo.group(1) for mo in __import__
> ('re').finditer(r"('E.*?'\s*:\s*'.*?'),?", str(record))], "") + "}")

Ah!  Now this is one solution I can get my teeth into.  If its not obvious,
I'm a recovering perl programmer.

Thanks to all
 

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Re: how to creating html files with python

[Diez B. Roggisch]

krishnakant Mane schrieb:
> hello,
> I have one strange requirement,
> I need to create html files through python and add some data from the 
> database.
> it is a GUI based application developed in WX python.
> and the reports need to come out in html for some strange reason which
> is off topic to discuss here.
> but the point is that how do I do it?
> should I create a normal file object and write the html with the data

Essentially, yes.

> into it or are there some modules to do it?


There are a bazillion templating systems out there. Beginning with 
python's own string interpolation, to

KID, genshi, Mako, tenjin, cheeta, ... 

Search this NG for python templating engines, and you'd be overwhelmed 
by the answers.

Happy chosing your evil,

Diez
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Event for multithread help advice

[JoeSox]

I have two threads going
class guiThread(threading.Thread)
class mainThread(threading.Thread)

Within the guiThread, I have an instance of class GUIFramework(Frame)
in this Tkinter instance I have a ListBox.

The second thread, mainThread, has an instance of a custom class the
will need to send out text or other objects to the gui.

What is the best or easiest way to send, let's say text, from
mainThread to the guiThread ListBox?

Should I use a custom Event class, pubsub, or Queue?

This is the way I have things right now (not in its entirety):
-
start.py
import threading
import thread
import time
import GUIFramework
import myFoo
class guiThread(threading.Thread):
def __init__(self, threadID, name):
self.threadID = threadID
self.name = name
self.guiFrame = GUIFramework(master=None)
threading.Thread.__init__(self)
def run(self):
print "Starting " + self.name
self.guiFrame.mainloop()
print "Exiting " + self.name

class mainThread(threading.Thread):
def __init__(self, threadID, name):
self.threadID = threadID
self.name = name
self.myFoo = myFoo()
threading.Thread.__init__(self)
def run(self):
print "Starting " + self.name
self.myFoo.alive()
print "Exiting " + self.name

def start():
""" Start """
#Create new threads
threadgui = guiThread(1, "threadgui")
threadmain= carlThread(2, "threadmain")
#Start new Threads
threadgui.start()
threadmain.run()
while threadmain.isAlive():
if not threadgui.isAlive():
doExit = 1
pass
print "Exiting Main Thread"

if __name__ == '__main__':
start()

-
I've tried a fews things but I really haven't had any luck.
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Alarming message when running Python code

[peter]

I'm not sure if this query should be directed to comp.lang.python or
comp.os.linux.misc so I intend to post it to both with apologies if
it's inappropriate on either.

I have a small python utility which I wrote myself and which crawls
through a directory comparing all possible pairs of files.  Under
Windows it works fine, while the same code under Linux (Fedora Core 3)
works for a while then starts continuously throwing up the following
message

Message from [EMAIL PROTECTED] at [date/time]
localhost kernel: CPU1: Temperature above threshold

While the code is continues to work, it is greatly slowed by these
constant messages, and of ourse I am left wondering if my computer is
about to explode!

Is it really true that the code causes overheating under Linux and not
under Windows?  Or does Windows ignore the problem (and so am I
risking damage by running the code)? Or are the Linux messages
spurious, and if so how can I suppress them and ensure they do not
slow the running of the code?

Grateful for any help - preferably not too technical.

Peter

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multi-protocol url-based IO -- pure python kioslave-like module?

[Rob McMullen]

Wheel reinvention preemption question: is there an existing pure-
python library with functionality similar to KDE's kio/kioslave
implementation?  A multi-protocol, extensible library based on URLs
that abstracts directory listing and file read/write?  I'm looking to
use it in client code, not server, so it doesn't have to be
asynchronous like kio; ideally it would be small and only depend on
the standard python library.

Here's what I'm aware of:

* urllib2 doesn't handle opening URLs for writing, meaning that it's
incapable of supporting WebDAV or e.g. the fish:// protocol

* twisted is built to handle multiple protocols, but is an extremely
large package aiming to simplify low-level server and client code

* Boa Contstructor has something called Explorers which support
multiple protocols, but seems pretty tied to its gui implementation

* PyKDE can interface with the KDE shared libraries, but obviously
that's not pure python. (Or standalone or small. :)

* the somewhat related PEP-268 for WebDAV support, but that was
withdrawn.

My google-fu doesn't show much else.  Any pointers would be
appreciated!

Thanks,

Rob

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Re: urllib2 weirdness when https_proxy environment variable is exported

[John J. Lee]

Devraj <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> writes:

> I have been extensively using Python's urllib2 while developing a
> project with the Google Data API. The Google Data API uses httplib to
> place all of its requests. However I have been using urllib2 and some
> handlers that I discovered in an ASPN article to handle HTTPS proxies
> in my code.
>
> The Google Data API relies on an environment variable called
> https_proxy to get information about the proxy to be used. However
> urllib2 starts spitting out the BadStatusLine exception if the
> https_proxy environment variable is found.
[...]

This is because urllib2 does not support HTTPS proxies (neither does
urllib).  See Python cookbook for a hack to get it working.


John
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Re: how to creating html files with python

[George Sakkis]

On Oct 27, 12:12 pm, "krishnakant Mane" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
wrote:

> I have one strange requirement,
> I need to create html files through python and add some data from the 
> database.

The only strange thing here is that you think this is a strange
requirement :) This is quite typical, and practically required for web
development. As Diez pointed out, your main problem will be which of
the dozen or so template packages to pick. Depending on your criteria
(expressive power, syntax close to python, performance, stability
etc.) you may narrow it down to a handful.

George

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Re: Alarming message when running Python code

[J. Cliff Dyer]

peter wrote:
> I'm not sure if this query should be directed to comp.lang.python or
> comp.os.linux.misc so I intend to post it to both with apologies if
> it's inappropriate on either.
>
> I have a small python utility which I wrote myself and which crawls
> through a directory comparing all possible pairs of files.  Under
> Windows it works fine, while the same code under Linux (Fedora Core 3)
> works for a while then starts continuously throwing up the following
> message
>
> Message from [EMAIL PROTECTED] at [date/time]
> localhost kernel: CPU1: Temperature above threshold
>
> While the code is continues to work, it is greatly slowed by these
> constant messages, and of ourse I am left wondering if my computer is
> about to explode!
>
> Is it really true that the code causes overheating under Linux and not
> under Windows?  Or does Windows ignore the problem (and so am I
> risking damage by running the code)? Or are the Linux messages
> spurious, and if so how can I suppress them and ensure they do not
> slow the running of the code?
>
> Grateful for any help - preferably not too technical.
>
> Peter
>
>   
How well is the fan working on your computer?

How recently have you cleaned the dust out of it?

Touch it.  Is it hot?

Do you have the same problem if you turn off your computer for two hours
before you run your program?

I wouldn't run the risk if it were my computer.  If a basic cleaning
doesn't take care of the problem, take your computer to a professional.

Cheers,
Cliff

P.S. This is not a python-specific issue.
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xmpfilter-a-like for python (code annotation)

[[EMAIL PROTECTED]]

http://eigenclass.org/hiki/xmpfilter
looks cool , anything like this for python? any reason that we culd
not do simmilar ?

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Re: multi-protocol url-based IO -- pure python kioslave-like module?

[Paul Boddie]

On 27 Okt, 18:26, Rob McMullen <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
> Wheel reinvention preemption question: is there an existing pure-
> python library with functionality similar to KDE's kio/kioslave
> implementation?  A multi-protocol, extensible library based on URLs
> that abstracts directory listing and file read/write?  I'm looking to
> use it in client code, not server, so it doesn't have to be
> asynchronous like kio; ideally it would be small and only depend on
> the standard python library.

Something like itools.vfs, perhaps?

http://www.ikaaro.org/itools
http://download.ikaaro.org/doc/itools/Chapter--VFS.html

Paul

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Re: xmpfilter-a-like for python (code annotation)

[Marc 'BlackJack' Rintsch]

On Sat, 27 Oct 2007 17:10:13 +, [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote:

> http://eigenclass.org/hiki/xmpfilter
> looks cool , anything like this for python? any reason that we culd
> not do simmilar ?

I just read that page and am a little confused.  This program adds
assertions based on the actual code, i.e. if the code is wrong it
nonetheless adds assertions that don't fail.  I always thought one writes
assertions to test what the code should do and not what it actually does!?

Ciao,
Marc 'BlackJack' Rintsch
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Re: os.walk and recursive deletion

[Peter Otten]

Martin Marcher wrote:

> Hello,
> 
> I'm playing around with os.walk and I made up del_tree(path) which I
> think is correct (in terms of the algorithm, but not as python wants
> it :)).
> 
> As soon as some directory is deleted the iterator of os.walk chokes.
> OK that is somehow clear to me as it can't be valid anymore since it
> can't go to the just deleted directory but it is in the iterator.
> 
> I generated the test data with (bash, don't know of other shell
> expansion features)
> 
> # root="test"
> # mkdir $root
> # mkdir -p
> # 
> $root/{a,b,c,d,e,f,g,h,i,j,k,l,m,n,o,p,q,r,s,t,u,v,w,x,y,z}/{a,b,c,d,e,f,g,h,i,j,k,l,m,n,o,p,q,r,s,t,u,v,w,x,y,z}
> # touch 
> $root/{a,b,c,d,e,f,g,h,i,j,k,l,m,n,o,p,q,r,s,t,u,v,w,x,y,z}/{0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9}
> # touch 
> $root/{a,b,c,d,e,f,g,h,i,j,k,l,m,n,o,p,q,r,s,t,u,v,w,x,y,z}/{a,b,c,d,e,f,g,h,i,j,k,l,m,n,o,p,q,r,s,t,u,v,w,x,y,z}/{0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9}
> 
> Here goes the script, as far as I tested it it runs fine in test mode.
> Now that is just use the print statements like attached below. as soon
> as os.rmdir and os.unlink are involved the iterator chokes. How do I
> get around that, or what should I use to be able to recursively delete
> everything under a certain subdir?
> 
> #--snip
> import sys
> import os
> import unittest
> 
> def del_tree(path):
>walker = os.walk(path)
>for entry in walker:
>   cwd = entry[0]
>   subdirs = entry[1]
>   files = entry[2]
>   print "Checking directory: %s" %(cwd, )
>   if files:
>  for file in files:
> file = os.path.join(cwd, file)
> print "The file is now: %s" % (file, )
> #os.unlink(file)
>  print "OK directory %s has no more files, checking for
> subdirs..." % (cwd, )
>   else:
>  print "OK directory %s NEVER HAD FILES, checking for
> subdirs..." % (cwd, )
>   if not subdirs:
>  print "We can delete: %s" % (cwd, )
>  #os.rmdir(cwd)
>   else:
>  for subdir in subdirs:
> subdir = os.path.join(cwd, subdir)
> print "We need to recurse into: %s" % (subdir, )
> del_tree(subdir)
>#os.rmdir(path)
>print "Removing: %s" % (path, )
> #--snap

While it is possible to mix recursion and os.walk()...

def del_tree(path):
for cwd, subdirs, files in os.walk(path):
print "Checking directory: %s" %(cwd, )
if files:
for file in files:
file = os.path.join(cwd, file)
print "The file is now: %s" % (file, )
os.unlink(file)
print "OK directory %s has no more files, checking for subdirs..." 
% (cwd, )
else:
print "OK directory %s NEVER HAD FILES, checking for subdirs..." % 
(cwd, )
for subdir in subdirs:
subdir = os.path.join(cwd, subdir)
print "We need to recurse into: %s" % (subdir, )
del_tree(subdir)
break # ugly but necessary
print "Removing: %s" % (path, )
os.rmdir(path)

...the idea behind it is that you use it instead of recursion:

def del_tree(root):
for path, dirs, files in os.walk(root, False):
for fn in files:
os.unlink(os.path.join(path, fn))
for dn in dirs:
os.rmdir(os.path.join(path, dn))
os.rmdir(root)

The second parameter to os.walk() ensures that the tree is walked
depth-first, i. e. the contents of a directory are seen before the
directory itself. Personally, I would prefer a recursive implementation
based on os.listdir(),

def del_tree(root):
for name in os.listdir(root):
path = os.path.join(root, name)
if os.path.isdir(path):
del_tree(path)
else:
os.unlink(path)
os.rmdir(root)

an approach that is also taken by shutils.rmtree().

Peter
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Re: os.walk and recursive deletion

[Marc 'BlackJack' Rintsch]

On Sat, 27 Oct 2007 18:07:44 +0200, Martin Marcher wrote:

> Hello,
> 
> I'm playing around with os.walk and I made up del_tree(path) which I
> think is correct (in terms of the algorithm, but not as python wants
> it :)).

It's not correct in terms of the algorithm if you take the algorithm of
`os.walk()` into the equation.

> Here goes the script, as far as I tested it it runs fine in test mode.
> Now that is just use the print statements like attached below. as soon
> as os.rmdir and os.unlink are involved the iterator chokes. How do I
> get around that, or what should I use to be able to recursively delete
> everything under a certain subdir?

> #--snip
> import sys
> import os
> import unittest
> 
> def del_tree(path):
>walker = os.walk(path)

`os.walk()` is itself diving recursivly into the subdirectories…

>for entry in walker:
>   cwd = entry[0]
>   subdirs = entry[1]
>   files = entry[2]
>   print "Checking directory: %s" %(cwd, )
>   if files:
>  for file in files:
> file = os.path.join(cwd, file)
> print "The file is now: %s" % (file, )
> #os.unlink(file)
>  print "OK directory %s has no more files, checking for
> subdirs..." % (cwd, )
>   else:
>  print "OK directory %s NEVER HAD FILES, checking for
> subdirs..." % (cwd, )
>   if not subdirs:
>  print "We can delete: %s" % (cwd, )
>  #os.rmdir(cwd)
>   else:
>  for subdir in subdirs:
> subdir = os.path.join(cwd, subdir)
> print "We need to recurse into: %s" % (subdir, )
> del_tree(subdir)

…and here you are calling the your function recursively which then calls
again `os.walk()` on that subdirectory.  That's a little bit too much.

Just use `os.listdir()` (and `os.path.isdir()`) in your recursive function.

>#os.rmdir(path)
>print "Removing: %s" % (path, )
> #--snap

Or `shutil.rmtree()`.  :-)

Ciao,
Marc 'BlackJack' Rintsch
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urllib: cannot open webpage which requires authentication

[gmguyx]

I tried using urllib.urlopen to open a personalized webpage
(my.yahoo.com) but it doesn't work:

print urllib.urlopen(http://my.yahoo.com).read()

Instead of returning my.yahoo.com, it returns a page asking me to log
in.

So then I tried urllib.urlencode:

data = urllib.urlencode({'action': 'https://login.yahoo.com/config/
login?', 'login': , 'passwd': })
print urllib.urlopen(http://my.yahoo.com, data).read()

However, this doesn't work either. Is there a way to do this? Thanks
in advance.

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Re: how to creating html files with python

[BartlebyScrivener]

On Oct 27, 12:02 pm, George Sakkis <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:

> The only strange thing here is that you think this is a strange
> requirement :) This is quite typical, and practically required for web
> development.

I was wondering about this myself the other day. Suppose you wanted to
get by on the cheap without setting up a whole new Joomla or WordPress
installation for another smallish blog or website where you are the
only poster, and all you need is simple CMS.

How hard would it be to create, say, a calendar of events, or news
postings using MySQL and Python and HTML. Create the page on your
local machine using Python templating, and then just post the HTML
code daily?

I'm a rank amateur, but was wondering if this is silly and making
work, or if one of those templating systems you all are mentioning
would work for simple CMS and calendaring?

Thanks,

rd


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Re: xmpfilter-a-like for python (code annotation)

[[EMAIL PROTECTED]]

On Oct 27, 6:27 pm, Marc 'BlackJack' Rintsch <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
> On Sat, 27 Oct 2007 17:10:13 +, [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote:
> >http://eigenclass.org/hiki/xmpfilter
> > looks cool , anything like this for python? any reason that we culd
> > not do simmilar ?
>
> I just read that page and am a little confused.  This program adds
> assertions based on the actual code, i.e. if the code is wrong it
> nonetheless adds assertions that don't fail.  I always thought one writes
> assertions to test what the code should do and not what it actually does!?
>
> Ciao,
> Marc 'BlackJack' Rintsch

Its more the inline annotation lie here 
http://eigenclass.org/hiki.rb?xmpfilter#l4
that I wanted

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Is the subprocess module thread-safe?

[John Nagle]

Can the subprocess module be used to launch subprocesses from threads?
Or does the subprocess module affect the entire process context, like "fork"?
Or is this OS dependent?

Also, if you launch processes from the subprocess module module and
don't wait them to complete, do zombies accumulate under UNIX/Linux?

John Nagle
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Re: Proposal: Decimal literals in Python.

[Tim Chase]

>> Even clearer is not to allow octal literals :) Is there *any* use for
>> them?
> 
> The mode argument to os.chmod.

You mean instead of

  import this
  os.chmod(filename, os.R_OK | os.W_OK | os.X_OK)

which explicitly (rather than implicitly) spells it out?

-tkc



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Re: About Pywin32's invoke

[Roger Upole]

"kernel1983" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote in message news:[EMAIL PROTECTED]
> By reading the doc of pywin32
>
> we can invoke COM like:
>
>o = win32com.client.Dispatch("Excel.Application")
>
>
> but is it possible to invoke some GUID directly?
>

Yes, you can do something like
win32com.client.Dispatch('{00024500---C000-0046}')

>
> If COM was going to be invoked by python, must it support IDispatch?

Not neccessarily.  Pythoncom has compiled-in support for many interfaces
that don't inherit from IDispatch, but it requires that someone write code
to wrap the interface.

   Roger





== Posted via Newsfeeds.Com - Unlimited-Unrestricted-Secure Usenet 
News==
http://www.newsfeeds.com The #1 Newsgroup Service in the World! 120,000+ 
Newsgroups
= East and West-Coast Server Farms - Total Privacy via Encryption =
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Re: Alarming message when running Python code

[Bill Marcum]

["Followup-To:" header set to comp.os.linux.misc.]
On 2007-10-27, peter <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
> I'm not sure if this query should be directed to comp.lang.python or
> comp.os.linux.misc so I intend to post it to both with apologies if
> it's inappropriate on either.
>
> I have a small python utility which I wrote myself and which crawls
> through a directory comparing all possible pairs of files.  Under
> Windows it works fine, while the same code under Linux (Fedora Core 3)
> works for a while then starts continuously throwing up the following
> message
>
> Message from [EMAIL PROTECTED] at [date/time]
> localhost kernel: CPU1: Temperature above threshold
>
> While the code is continues to work, it is greatly slowed by these
> constant messages, and of ourse I am left wondering if my computer is
> about to explode!
>
> Is it really true that the code causes overheating under Linux and not
> under Windows?  Or does Windows ignore the problem (and so am I
> risking damage by running the code)? Or are the Linux messages
> spurious, and if so how can I suppress them and ensure they do not
> slow the running of the code?
>
> Grateful for any help - preferably not too technical.
>
Controlling CPU temperature is the job of the operating system and the 
hardware.  Do you have the latest version of the kernel?  Do you hear the fans 
running at full speed when your code runs?  Maybe you need new fans or a new 
heatsink, or you need to clean the ones you have.  Why are you still using FC3? 
Which version of Windows do you use? 98? XP with no service pack?
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Re: good example of C extension for Mac OS X

[MrJean1]

There is a C template in file Modules/xxmodule.c in Python 2.5, maybe
earlier.

/Jean Brouwers


On Oct 27, 8:11 am, chewie54 <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
> Hi All,
>
> Does anyone now of a good example to use as template for a  C program
> extension that needs to be built on the Mac OS X.
>
> Thanks,


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Re: good example of C extension for Mac OS X

[MrJean1]

There is a C template in file Modules/xxmodule.c in Python 2.5, maybe
earlier.

/Jean Brouwers

On Oct 27, 8:11 am, chewie54 <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
> Hi All,
>
> Does anyone now of a good example to use as template for a  C program
> extension that needs to be built on the Mac OS X.
>
> Thanks,


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while within while

[Shawn Minisall]

I've been having some problems with using a while statement for one menu 
within another while statement for the main menu, first time I've done 
it.  It's with choice number two from the menu.  When I run the program, 
I get a UnboundLocalError: local variable 'ai' referenced before 
assignment.  I initialize ai as "", but then it just skips to the you 
choose scissors I choose and nothing shows up.  As soon as I take away 
the while again[0] == "y": statement, the program is fine again which 
leads me to think I'm just placing it in the wrong place.  I just want 
to ask the user if they would like to play again and loop them back to 
the weapons menu if they choose yes.  If they choose no,  loop them back 
to the main menu.  I've placed the question again=raw_input("Would you 
like to play again? ") at the end the tasks for menu choice two.  Ignore 
threeone step at a time. ;)

thx

import random


def main():

#define and initialize variables
#choice as int
choice = 0
#weapon choice as int
weaponchoice = 0
#number of wins
win = 0
#number of loses
lose = 0
#number of ties
tie = 0
#number of rounds
rounds = 0
#play again loop
again = "no"

 

#intro
print "READY TO PLAY ROCK, PAPER, SCISSORS???"

print
   
   
#Menu loop
while choice != 4:
#display menu
print "Please choose from the following menu: "
print "1. See the rules"
print "2. Play against the computer"
print "3. Play a two player game"
print "4. Exit"
   
#prompt user for their menu choice
choice = input("Please enter your choice here: ")
print
   
   

#if statements to determine which choice
if choice == 1:
print
print "The rules of the game are as follows: "
print
print "Rock Covers Rock"
print
print "Rock Smashes Scissors"
print
print "Scissors Cuts Paper"
print
print
   
   
elif choice == 2:
while again[0] == "y":
#display menu
print "Please choose a weapon from the following menu: "
print "1. Rock"
print "2. Paper"
print "3. Scissors"

while weaponchoice != 1 and weaponchoice != 2 and 
weaponchoice != 3:
weaponchoice = input("Please choose a weapon: ")
if weaponchoice != 1 and weaponchoice != 2 and 
weaponchoice != 3:
print
print "Error. Please enter a number from 1-3."

decision = (1, 2, 3)
ai = str((random.choice(decision)))

if ai == "1":
ai = "rock"
if ai == "2":
ai = "paper"
if ai == "3":
ai = "scissors"

if weaponchoice == 1:
weaponchoice = "rock"

elif weaponchoice == 2:
weaponchoice = "paper"

else:
weaponchoice = "scissors"

print "="
print "you choose " + weaponchoice
print
print "I choose " + ai
print

if weaponchoice == "rock" and ai == "scissors":
win += 1
print "You WIN by SMASHING those SCISSORS!"

elif weaponchoice == "paper" and ai == "rock":
win += 1
print "You WIN by COVERING that ROCK!"

elif weaponchoice == "scissors" and ai == "paper":
win += 1
print "You WIN by CUTTING that PAPER!"

elif weaponchoice == ai:
tie += 1
print "YOU TIE!"

else:
lose += 1
print "YOU LOSE!"

print "\nRounds Won: ", + win
print "\nRounds Lost: ", + lose
print "\nRounds Tied: ", + tie
print
print

again=raw_input("Would you like to play again? ")


elif choice == 3:
print "test"  
  
elif choice == 4:
print "Have a great day!"
print
print "Thanks for playing!"

else:
#invalid
print "Invalid selection.  Please enter a number from 1 - 4."
print


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while within while

[Shawn Minisall]

K I've since fixed the UnboundLocalError: local variable 'ai' referenced 
before assignment error, I forgot to include decision = (1, 2, 3) inside 
" " for each number.

Now when I run it, I get this..

 >>> main()
READY TO PLAY ROCK, PAPER, SCISSORS???

Please choose from the following menu:
1. See the rules
2. Play against the computer
3. Play a two player game
4. Exit
Please enter your choice here: 2

=
you choose scissors

I choose

YOU LOSE!

Rounds Won:  0

Rounds Lost:  1

Rounds Tied:  0


Would you like to play again? y
Please choose from the following menu:
1. See the rules
2. Play against the computer
3. Play a two player game
4. Exit
Please enter your choice here: 2

Please choose a weapon from the following menu:
1. Rock
2. Paper
3. Scissors
Please choose a weapon: 1

and then the weapon submenu repeats over and over.

It's also like the program is ignoring

if ai == "1":
ai = "rock"
if ai == "2":
ai = "paper"
if ai == "3":
ai = "scissors"

since it says I choose  

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Re: good example of C extension for Mac OS X

[chewie54]

On Oct 27, 2:59 pm, MrJean1 <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
> There is a C template in file Modules/xxmodule.c in Python 2.5, maybe
> earlier.
>
> /Jean Brouwers
>
> On Oct 27, 8:11 am, chewie54 <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
>
> > Hi All,
>
> > Does anyone now of a good example to use as template for a  C program
> > extension that needs to be built on the Mac OS X.
>
> > Thanks,

I have looked at the docs on the python.org but specifically looking
for
examples showing how to deal with linked lists and more about when to
use
references Py_INCREF and Py_DECREF

I didn't find Modules/xxmodule.c on my Mac OS X installation.


Thanks again

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Re: while within while

[J. Cliff Dyer]

Shawn Minisall wrote:
> K I've since fixed the UnboundLocalError: local variable 'ai' referenced 
> before assignment error, I forgot to include decision = (1, 2, 3) inside 
> " " for each number.
>
>   
You mean like decision = ("1", "2", "3") ?  I don't think that would
have caused the error you reported.  You probably changed something else
as well.
> Now when I run it, I get this..
>
>  >>> main()
> READY TO PLAY ROCK, PAPER, SCISSORS???
>
> Please choose from the following menu:
> 1. See the rules
> 2. Play against the computer
> 3. Play a two player game
> 4. Exit
> Please enter your choice here: 2
>
> =
> you choose scissors
>
> I choose
>
> YOU LOSE!
>
> Rounds Won:  0
>
> Rounds Lost:  1
>
> Rounds Tied:  0
>
>
> Would you like to play again? y
> Please choose from the following menu:
> 1. See the rules
> 2. Play against the computer
> 3. Play a two player game
> 4. Exit
> Please enter your choice here: 2
>
> Please choose a weapon from the following menu:
> 1. Rock
> 2. Paper
> 3. Scissors
> Please choose a weapon: 1
>
> and then the weapon submenu repeats over and over.
>
> It's also like the program is ignoring
>
> if ai == "1":
> ai = "rock"
> if ai == "2":
> ai = "paper"
> if ai == "3":
> ai = "scissors"
>
> since it says I choose  
>
>   
Lo and behold: it *is* ignoring that block.  Why?  Or in other words
what set of conditions have to be true in order to reach that block? 
Which one of them is false?  (Hint: Check your while loops, and your
initialization variables.)

Also, Why not use decision = ('rock', 'paper', 'scissors')?

Cheers,
Cliff
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Re: xmpfilter-a-like for python (code annotation)

[Marc 'BlackJack' Rintsch]

On Sat, 27 Oct 2007 17:57:06 +, [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote:

> On Oct 27, 6:27 pm, Marc 'BlackJack' Rintsch <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
>> On Sat, 27 Oct 2007 17:10:13 +, [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote:
>> >http://eigenclass.org/hiki/xmpfilter
>> > looks cool , anything like this for python? any reason that we culd
>> > not do simmilar ?
>>
>> I just read that page and am a little confused.  This program adds
>> assertions based on the actual code, i.e. if the code is wrong it
>> nonetheless adds assertions that don't fail.  I always thought one writes
>> assertions to test what the code should do and not what it actually does!?
> 
> Its more the inline annotation lie here 
> http://eigenclass.org/hiki.rb?xmpfilter#l4
> that I wanted

Can you give *useful* examples?

Ciao,
Marc 'BlackJack' Rintsch
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Re: Proposal: Decimal literals in Python.

[Marc 'BlackJack' Rintsch]

On Sat, 27 Oct 2007 13:28:02 -0500, Tim Chase wrote:

>>> Even clearer is not to allow octal literals :) Is there *any* use for
>>> them?
>> 
>> The mode argument to os.chmod.
> 
> You mean instead of
> 
>   import this
>   os.chmod(filename, os.R_OK | os.W_OK | os.X_OK)
> 
> which explicitly (rather than implicitly) spells it out?

And the equivalent of ``os.chmod(filename, 0777)`` looks like what!?

Ciao,
Marc 'BlackJack' Rintsch
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Re: object inheritance

[Pradeep Jindal]

On Friday 26 Oct 2007 6:21:57 pm Anand wrote:
> On Oct 26, 5:31 pm, "Pradeep Jindal" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
> > Can you tell any specific use case for doing this?
>
> I have many implementaions of a db interface.
>
> SimpleDB - simple implementation
> BetterDB - optimized implementation
> CachedDB - an implementation with caching of queries
> RestrictedDB - implementation with permissions
>
> Now, I want to combine these implementations and use.
> Typical use case scenarios are:
>
> db = RestrictedDB(CachedDB(SimpleDB()))
> db = RestrictedDB(SimpleDB())
> db = RestrictedDB(BetterDB())
> db = RestrictedDB(CachedDB(BetterDB())
> db = CachedDB(SimpleDB())
> etc..

I agree with Duncan. According to me, this should be called Delegation rather 
than inheritance. And delegation should work without any conflicts of 
identifier names and all that. I think, it should be all about several 
objects implementing a protocol (interface) and that should work cleanly.
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Re: how to creating html files with python

[krishnakant Mane]

hi George,

On 27/10/2007, George Sakkis <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
> On Oct 27, 12:12 pm, "krishnakant Mane" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
> wrote:
>
> > I have one strange requirement,
> > I need to create html files through python and add some data from the
> database.
>
> The only strange thing here is that you think this is a strange
> requirement :) This is quite typical, and practically required for web
> development. As Diez pointed out, your main problem will be which of
> the dozen or so template packages to pick. Depending on your criteria
I am finding it difficult to choose.
my only requirement is to create an htmo file with normal html taggs
but the values come from a database connection.
so I want to get rid of doing the entire concatination right from
start till end.  I don't mind opening a file and doing file.write()
but it will be nice of some module to help me get the data
concatinated with taggs and rather even better if I can do complex
things like creating an html table whos rows contain data coming from
a result set.
here I would like to have the tagging more like functions, some thing
like report.bold("this must be bold ") and this function to return a
line with the bolded html which looks in the file as  this must be
bold 
so instead of I doing the concatination myself, python makes it easy.
and I will have lot of complex tables etc to do like this.
so please help me choose one.
regards,
Krishnakant.
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cron, python and samba restart

[symbioid]

Hello,

I'm working on a project, and VMware has problems with suspending the
virtual machine.  We are accessing the machine through samba.
However, when I suspend the VM, it stops the Samba service.

The solution we hit upon was to run a script that checks, say, once a
minute to determine whether the machine was active or suspended.  If
it's been longer than a minute, we restart the samba service.

I have been able to manually execute the script, and it properly
restarts the service.  When running from cron, however, the service
won't restart.  I am able to write the file out, so I know it's
running the script.

Is there something in the way I'm calling with the subprocess.call()
function that's not able to work through cron?  My concern is that I'm
using sudo, and that may be where the problem lies.  I've had the
process run as both root and as localuser in the crontab, both with
and without "sudo"ing the command.  None works.  I don't know how cron
would run a sudo command in this case, anyways...

Any hints would be appreciated.


--

#!/usr/bin/python
import os.path
import time
import subprocess

t = str(int(time.time()))
f = "gasr.dat"

if os.path.exists(f):
file = open(f,'r')
timestamp = file.readline()
file.close()

cur_time = int(time.time())
difference_in_mins = (cur_time - int(timestamp))/60
if difference_in_mins > 1:
subprocess.call('sudo /etc/init.d/samba restart', shell=True)
file = open(f,'w')
file.write(t)
file.close()

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Re: Proposal: Decimal literals in Python.

[J. Cliff Dyer]

Marc 'BlackJack' Rintsch wrote:
> On Sat, 27 Oct 2007 13:28:02 -0500, Tim Chase wrote:
>
>   
 Even clearer is not to allow octal literals :) Is there *any* use for
 them?
 
>>> The mode argument to os.chmod.
>>>   
>> You mean instead of
>>
>>   import this
>>   os.chmod(filename, os.R_OK | os.W_OK | os.X_OK)
>>
>> which explicitly (rather than implicitly) spells it out?
>> 
>
> And the equivalent of ``os.chmod(filename, 0777)`` looks like what!?
>
> Ciao,
>   Marc 'BlackJack' Rintsch
>   
Ugly.

But is one function in one library, which doesn't even exist in one of
the major operating systems really worth its own syntactic construct in
the language?  It seems that it would be fairly simple for python to
treat the octal argument as a string, rather than an int:

os.chmod(filename, "777")

If somebody had a good *general* use for octal, it might be worth having
in the language.  Otherwise, it seems like an unused which is only kept
around because it used to get played with.  (back in the days of six bit
hardware?)

Cheers,
Cliff
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Re: tuples within tuples

[J. Cliff Dyer]

J. Clifford Dyer wrote:
> On Fri, Oct 26, 2007 at 06:59:51AM -0700, [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote regarding 
> Re: tuples within tuples:
>   
>>> Resolve *what*?  The problem isn't clear yet; at least to me.  Above you
>>> say what you get.  What exactly do you want?  Examples please.
>>>
>>>   
>> Sorry for my poor english, but I meant: how can I obtain a list of A
>> and C starting from something like this?
>>
>> (A,B,C,D)
>> that could be
>> ('tagA', None, [('tagB', None, ['bobloblaw], None)], None)
>> but also
>> ('tagA', None, description, None)
>> when I don't know if C is a tuple or not?
>>
>> I guess that, at least,  within the cicle I may test if C is a tuple
>> or not.. And then apply the same cicle for C... and so on
>>
>> Am i right?
>>
>>
>> ciao
>> korovev
>> 
>
> So, to clarify the piece that you still haven't explicitly said, you want to 
> keep the tag name and children of every element in your XML document.  (which 
> is different from keeping (A, C) from tuple (A, B, C, D), because you want to 
> modify C as well, and it's decendants.)
>
> As a first solution, how about: 
>
> def reduceXML(node):
> if type(node) == str:
>   return node
>   else: 
>   return (node[0], reduceXML(node[2])
>
> N.B. Beware of stack limitations.
>
>   
Also, as noted elsewhere in the string, your C is actually a list of
Cs.  So replace my else statement with

return [(child[0], reduceXML(child[2])) for child in node]

I think that'll do what you need.  However, I'm not sure why you need
to.  You're not getting any new information out of your data structure. 
Why not just ignore the attributes and the spare tuplet (or whatever you
call tuple-items) when you do the real processing next time through?

Cheers,
Cliff

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Re: mod_python, ElementTree and Aapche 2.0

[Graham Dumpleton]

On Oct 28, 3:02 am, Rajarshi <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
> Hi, this is a slightly vague question but I'm really puzzled as to
> when I write a mod_python (3.1.3) program that makes use of
> ElementTree and call it via a URL, the program simply stops when I do
> something like
>
> s = # some XML document in a string
> root = XML(s)
>
> There is no exception at all - the browser just shows a blank page
>
> But running the code outside of the web server makes it run fine.
>
> This is on a RHEL 4 machine, with Apache 2.0.52 and Python 2.3.4
>
> Has anybody ever seen this type of behavior?

Try reading:

  http://www.dscpl.com.au/wiki/ModPython/Articles/ExpatCausingApacheCrash

Graham

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Re: Yet another comparison of Python Web Frameworks

[johnbraduk]

Thomas,
Like many others I have been going round the same loop for months.

I have struggled with most of the Python solutions, including
TurboGears and have given up and gone back to ColdFusion.  I am not
trying to kick of a religious war about the pros and cons of
ColdFusion as a scripting langauge, but IMHO, as a development
environment (Dreamweaver), it is unbeatable. In one product, "out of
the box" I can integrate database access and web design, including
AJAX, in one GUI IDE.  Ok, the IDE is on Windows, but the servers run
on Linux.

This seems to be an aspect of web design that has been totally
ignored in the Python community. Developers have been falling over
each other to come up with yet another web development framework
( about 15 at the last count!), but they are all a collection of bits
and pieces from all over the place.  Turbogears is attempting to pull
it all together, but that is like trying to hit a moving target.  As
soon as you get something working they move to a different level of
one of the components and it all falls apart.  For example, you might
try widgets and get them working with Kid Templates.  Then you read
that they want you to move to Genshi Templates and after wasting
hours, you find the small print and discover you need different
widgets to work with Genshi.  Some may think it is a strength of
Python to have so many options, but I think it is a weakness and
putting people off using Python for Web development, driving them to
products like PHP, Rails or ColdFusion.  When I develop a web
application, I don't want to have to decide whether to use mod-python,
Cherrypy, Django, Pylons... for my server.  Then I have to decide
whether to access my database with basic SQL or learn the quirky
options available with SQLObjects or SQLAlchemy, with or without,
Elixir.  Finally, I have to decide which of umpteen templating systems
to use and hope that it will work with the rest of the components.

Am I asking too much to have a Python product "X" which is a fully
self-contained web development framework?
John B

On 6 Oct, 11:44, Thomas Wittek <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
> Michele Simionato:
>
> > At work we are shopping for a Web framework, so I have been looking at
> > the available options
> > on the current market.
>
> At least, you missed Turbo Gears :)http://turbogears.org/
> For me, it feels more integrated than Pylons.
>
> --
> Thomas Wittek
> Web:http://gedankenkonstrukt.de/
> Jabber: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
> GPG: 0xF534E231


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Re: how to creating html files with python

[paul]

krishnakant Mane schrieb:
[snip]

> so instead of I doing the concatination myself, python makes it easy.
> and I will have lot of complex tables etc to do like this.
> so please help me choose one.
Did you actually looked for a template language as suggested here?
Now to make your life easier: If you like XML, use genshi. If you plan 
to generate something else than HTML, use cheetah. Use google or 
whatever search engine you prefer to find those packages.

cheers
  Paul

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Re: Proposal: Decimal literals in Python.

[Neil Cerutti]

On 2007-10-27, Marc 'BlackJack' Rintsch <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
> On Sat, 27 Oct 2007 13:28:02 -0500, Tim Chase wrote:
>
 Even clearer is not to allow octal literals :) Is there *any* use for
 them?
>>> 
>>> The mode argument to os.chmod.
>> 
>> You mean instead of
>> 
>>   import this
>>   os.chmod(filename, os.R_OK | os.W_OK | os.X_OK)
>> 
>> which explicitly (rather than implicitly) spells it out?
>
> And the equivalent of ``os.chmod(filename, 0777)`` looks like what!?

os.chmod(filename, int('777', 8))

It's good enough for most other bases. ;)

-- 
Neil Cerutti
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Re: A lib to build query string...

[Lawrence Oluyede]

[EMAIL PROTECTED] <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
> Is anybody knows about a function that can build query string from 
> parameter list? I very need that!

urllib.urlencode?


 

-- 
Lawrence, oluyede.org - neropercaso.it
"It is difficult to get a man to understand 
something when his salary depends on not
understanding it" - Upton Sinclair
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Questions for the Python Devs Out There

[Ann Thompson]

I'm with an open source game engine project - Project Angela 
(www.projectangela.org) and I'm writing in hopes that you guys will have some 
advice for me.
We're working on an entirely new concept in gaming engines - Ruleset Markup 
Languge (RML) that will allow game rules to be engine agnostic meaning that if 
you decide to change platforms you can take your rules - in essence your game - 
with you without having to do a lot of rewriting.  

That said, I'm looking for advice on how to reach python developers who might 
be interested in working on this project.  If anyone reading this is 
interested, please feel free.  We've just moved to a new web site and the 
forums are at http://www.projectangela.org:8081/plone-site/zforum.  Much 
information is still stored on our old site http://www.rpg-gamerz.com.  

If you know of places that I might be able to post queries for python 
developers, I'm certainly open to suggestions.  Since I'm guessing that all of 
you are quite active in the python community, I'd appreciate pointers.  

TIA,

RecentCoin aka Morrighu
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Unix domain socket in python example?

[wsguglielmetti]

Hi,

How are you?

I'm completly new in python but I know a little of C.

I developed a small application in python which generate and receive
some data from times in times (question of seconds) and I need to send
this data to a unix domain socket (/var/run/sfp) and read the
response and print on the screen.

I looked for a example of source code in python which connect to a
unix doman socket, send some data and print the response on the
screen, however I were unable to find it.

Can someone please point me to some resource in the internet that have
a code like that one in a fashion that I can adapt it? Or maybe post a
example code here in the forum..

Thank you,

Cheers

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Re: good example of C extension for Mac OS X

[MrJean1]

You will need to download the MacOS X version from

  .

It contains the source code.

/Jean Brouwers


On Oct 27, 12:31 pm, chewie54 <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
> On Oct 27, 2:59 pm, MrJean1 <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
>
> > There is a C template in file Modules/xxmodule.c in Python 2.5, maybe
> > earlier.
>
> > /Jean Brouwers
>
> > On Oct 27, 8:11 am, chewie54 <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
>
> > > Hi All,
>
> > > Does anyone now of a good example to use as template for a  C program
> > > extension that needs to be built on the Mac OS X.
>
> > > Thanks,
>
> I have looked at the docs on the python.org but specifically looking
> for
> examples showing how to deal with linked lists and more about when to
> use
> references Py_INCREF and Py_DECREF
>
> I didn't find Modules/xxmodule.c on my Mac OS X installation.
>
> Thanks again


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Re: while within while

[Steven D'Aprano]

On Sat, 27 Oct 2007 15:11:37 -0400, Shawn Minisall wrote:

> I've been having some problems with using a while statement for one menu
> within another while statement for the main menu, first time I've done
> it.  

[snip]

> def main():

[and snip masses and masses of code]

The first thing you should do is break your program up into functions 
rather than putting everything into one massive lump of code.

I know some people who, once they reach ten lines of code, break it up 
into a separate function. That's possibly a little extreme, but at the 
very least you should split each logical group of code into its own 
function. For example, your main() function might look something vaguely 
like this:


def main():
initialize()
welcome()
finished = False
while not finished:
finished = play_game()
goodbye()


Notice that there's only one while loop. That's because the inner while 
loop is inside the play_game() function.

Perhaps the biggest reason for splitting your code into functions is that 
it allows you to isolate each logical task as a separate piece of code, 
write it, test and debug it in isolation.


-- 
Steven
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iterating over the other and finding the greatest

[Beema shafreen]

hi everybody,
 I have file with four columns:the content:
   column1column2 col3   col4
1175123443A_16_P03652190
12771336387A_16_P41582022
1723178298A_16_P03652191
18801932270A_16_P41582024
1000120210001261539A_16_P41582025
100018001000185916A_16_P41582026
100018751000192343A_16_P21378376
1000196610002011361A_16_P03652193

for the column3 :
have carry out a process a>b then i should print the line and if b>c then i
should print the line and c>d then i should print... like this i have to
continue.say for eg: 43<387 so the first row is omitted, 387 is greater then
98 so i can print the line second row...
my code:
 fh = open('364010_spacing','r')
for lines in fh.readlines():
data = lines.strip().split('\t')
start =data[0].strip()
end = data[1].strip()
values = data[2].strip()
id = data[3].strip()
if a > b :#hanged up here
print lines
but i am not able to do the above can you people guide me in a right
way.. I should proceed further...
regards
shafreen
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Re: Unix domain socket in python example?

[Grant Edwards]

On 2007-10-28, [EMAIL PROTECTED] <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:

> Can someone please point me to some resource in the internet
> that have a code like that one in a fashion that I can adapt
> it?

http://docs.python.org/lib/socket-example.html

It's trivial to change it from INET to UNIX domain.

> Or maybe post a example code here in the forum..



# Echo server program
import socket,os

s = socket.socket(socket.AF_UNIX, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
try:
os.remove("/tmp/socketname")
except OSError:
pass
s.bind("/tmp/socketname")
s.listen(1)
conn, addr = s.accept()
while 1:
data = conn.recv(1024)
if not data: break
conn.send(data)
conn.close()


# Echo client program
import socket

s = socket.socket(socket.AF_UNIX, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
s.connect("/tmp/socketname")
s.send('Hello, world')
data = s.recv(1024)
s.close()
print 'Received', repr(data)



-- 
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  at   
   visi.com
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Re: multi-protocol url-based IO -- pure python kioslave-like module?

[Rob McMullen]

On Oct 27, 10:13 am, Paul Boddie <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
> Something like itools.vfs, perhaps?
>
> http://www.ikaaro.org/itools
> http://download.ikaaro.org/doc/itools/Chapter--VFS.html

Thanks for the pointer -- I hadn't run across itools before.  It also
gave me some new ideas for google search words and found

http://wiki.python.org/moin/CodingProjectIdeas/FileSystemVirtualization

with a few more ideas.

Thanks for the help.

Rob

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Re: elementtree w/utf8

[rzzzwilson]

Tim Arnold wrote:

> On a related note, I have another question--where/how can I get the
> cElementTree.py module? Sorry for something so basic, but I tried installing
> cElementTree, but while I could compile with setup.py build, I didn't end up
> with a cElementTree.py file anywhere. The directory structure on my system
> (HPux, but no root access) doesn't work well with setup.py install.
>
> thanks,
> --Tim Arnold

I had the same question a while ago  and the answer is ElementTree
is now
part of the standard library.

http://docs.python.org/lib/module-xml.etree.ElementTree.html

Ross

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Re: while within while

[Tony]

On Oct 27, 7:11 pm, Shawn Minisall <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
> snip
>
> import random
>
> def main():
>
> #define and initialize variables
> #choice as int
> choice = 0
> #weapon choice as int
> weaponchoice = 0
> #number of wins
> win = 0
> #number of loses
> lose = 0
> #number of ties
> tie = 0
> #number of rounds
> rounds = 0
> #play again loop
> again = "no"
>
snip

In Python, you usually don't need to define your variables in advance.
Choice is determined as a number by your use of input() and the
response of the user, and in other code it could later be changed to
another type. So your initial declaration was unnecessary.'Dynamic
typing' its called, one of the joys of the language compared to  Java,
C etc.. So not doing that would make your code a bit simpler, one less
thing to worry about

Tony

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