Re: [path-PEP] Path inherits from basestring again
Peter Hansen wrote: > Point taken. What about ditching the "file" part, since it is redundant > and obvious that a file is in fact what is being accessed. Thus: > .read_bytes(), .read_text(), .write_lines() etc. +1. Although I've always been somewhat -0 on these methods to start with. -- Michael Hoffman -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Getting a dictionary from an object
On Sun, Jul 24, 2005 at 01:43:43PM +1000, Steven D'Aprano wrote: > On Sun, 24 Jul 2005 02:09:54 +0300, Thanos Tsouanas wrote: > > > > print foo %do > > > > where do is a dictobj object... > > Are you telling me that the ONLY thing you use dictobj objects for is to > print them? I'm sorry to disappoint you, but yes. When you have a long text template to fill-out, with lots of %(foo)s, and all those foos are attributes of an object, it really helps to have dictobj. > I don't think so. I do know how to print an object, amazingly. Please, tell me, how would you print it in my case? > Perhaps you would like to explain how you use the rest of the > functionality of the dictobj, instead of taking my words out of context > and giving an inane answer. I dont see _ANY_ other functionality in the dictobj class. Do you? > Why jump through all those hoops to get attributes when Python already > provides indexing and attribute grabbing machinery that work well? Why do > you bother to subclass dict, only to mangle the dict __getitem__ method so > that you can no longer retrieve items from the dict? Because *obviously* I don't know of these indexing and attribute grabbing machineries you are talking about in my case. If you cared to read my first post, all I asked was for the "normal", "built-in" way to do it. Now, is there one, or not? -- Thanos Tsouanas .: My Music: http://www.thanostsouanas.com/ http://thanos.sians.org/ .: Sians Music: http://www.sians.org/ -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Getting a dictionary from an object
On Sat, Jul 23, 2005 at 06:59:43PM -0600, Steven Bethard wrote: > Thanos Tsouanas wrote: > > I would like to have a quick way to create dicts from object, so that a > > call to foo['bar'] would return obj.bar. > > > > The following works, but I would prefer to use a built-in way if one > > exists. Is there one? > > Maybe I'm not understanding your problem, but have you looked at the > builtin "vars()"? I didn't know about it, but I knew about object.__dict__ which is, as I see equivalent with vars(object). But it doesn't do the job for me, since it fails to grab all obj.foo's, some of them being properties, etc. vars() is good to know though, Thanks! -- Thanos Tsouanas .: My Music: http://www.thanostsouanas.com/ http://thanos.sians.org/ .: Sians Music: http://www.sians.org/ -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
How to run python script in background after i logout
I have a remote linux server where I can only access it via ssh. I have a script that I need to have run all the time. I run like so: python script.py & It runs fine. When I log off ssh I notice that the script died when I logged off. How do I make sure it stays running? thanks, Harlin Seritt -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: How to run python script in background after i logout
On Sun, Jul 24, 2005 at 02:43:44AM -0700, Harlin Seritt wrote: > I have a remote linux server where I can only access it via ssh. I have > a script that I need to have run all the time. I run like so: > > python script.py & > > It runs fine. When I log off ssh I notice that the script died when I > logged off. How do I make sure it stays running? > > thanks, This hasn't got to do with python. It's a unix/linux question. Check at(1): man at -- Thanos Tsouanas .: My Music: http://www.thanostsouanas.com/ http://thanos.sians.org/ .: Sians Music: http://www.sians.org/ -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: How to run python script in background after i logout
On Sun, Jul 24, 2005 at 12:51:17PM +0300, Thanos Tsouanas wrote: > On Sun, Jul 24, 2005 at 02:43:44AM -0700, Harlin Seritt wrote: > > I have a remote linux server where I can only access it via ssh. I have > > a script that I need to have run all the time. I run like so: > > > > python script.py & > > > > It runs fine. When I log off ssh I notice that the script died when I > > logged off. How do I make sure it stays running? > > > > thanks, > > This hasn't got to do with python. > > It's a unix/linux question. > > Check at(1): > man at Since you want it to run all the time, check cron(8) as well. Maybe you would like to write a small script, executing script.py if it is not already running. -- Thanos Tsouanas .: My Music: http://www.thanostsouanas.com/ http://thanos.sians.org/ .: Sians Music: http://www.sians.org/ -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
ANN: MyNewspaper 1.2
Hi there, I'm really pleased to announce the second public release of MyNewspaper. MyNewspaper v1.2: "faster (25-35%), cleaner (100%), smaller(69%) and even more robust(100%)". If you liked the first version but thought... uhmm it's buggy and slow, then this is your release. In fact first version was a proof of concept to get some attention and feedback. What is MyNewspaper after all? == MyNewspaper is a personal RSS Aggregator and Reader, licensed under GPL. Why? As everybody says, I couldn't find any which fulfills all my requirements. In fact I used liferea and was pretty happy with it, but it eats lot of memory when you have many feeds and the program is running for much time, but the main problem was that it's a desktop program and I couldn't read the feeds from the work. So I started writing my own RSS aggregator and reader. MyNewspaper is written in Python with a bit of javascript and uses sqlite as permanent storage for the articles. From v1.2 up sqlobject is used as an abstraction layer for database access, so it would be very easy to support other database engines. It is installed as a CGI, so in order to use and manage it you need a web browser and a web server. Feeds are updated by a command run by cron or from the WebUI. Changes === v1.2: "faster (25-35%), cleaner (100%), smaller(69%) and even more robust(100%)" * a major rewrite and clean up of the whole code * uses sqlobject as database abstraction layer * uses Cheetah Template as html template * generated html is valid now * bugs fixing IMPORTANT NOTE to upgrade from v1.0: * download and install sqlobject and Cheetah Template * copy all the needed files to the directory overwriting old ones * you need to upgrade db: $ cd /path_to/mynewspaper $ ./migrate_db.py Home page and download == Read more and download it from: http://inigo.katxi.org/devel/mynewspaper or http://www.terra.es/personal7/inigoserna/mynewspaper Of course, all comments, suggestions etc. are welcome. And yes, I know code is really awful now, but I wanted to make a public release to get some feedback while improving the code. Best regards, -- Iñigo Serna <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> Katxijasotzaileak signature.asc Description: This is a digitally signed message part -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: dictionary that discards old items
[Raymond Hettinger] > >class Cache(dict): > >def __init__(self, n, *args, **kwds): > >self.n = n > >self.queue = collections.deque() > >dict.__init__(self, *args, **kwds) [Bengt Richter] > Minor comment: There is a potential name collision problem for keyword > n=something, > so what is considered best practice to avoid that? __n or such as the n arg? One solution is to drop the *args and **kwds part of the __init__() API for the subclass. For a cache class, it doesn't make sense that you would know all of the values when the instance is first created. If the need arises, the update() method will suffice: class Cache(dict): def __init__(self, n): self.n = n dict.__init__(self) . . . The __n form doesn't get name mangled so its only advantage is in being a less likely key. Raymond -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: How do i do this
Amit Regmi neolinuxsolutions.com> writes: > For some commad Linux like (pdbedit) its not possible to supply password > in the command line itself while we add a samba user account into the You might be able to utilize pexpect for this. Go google :) Diez -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: tuple to string?
Francois De Serres wrote:
>hiho,
>
>what's the clean way to translate the tuple (0x73, 0x70, 0x61, 0x6D) to
>the string 'spam'?
>
>TIA,
>Francois
>
>
thanks to all!
I'll pick ('%c' * len(t)) % t, for it's readability and the fact that
join() is on the deprec'd list.
Francois
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Initializing interactive Python
Hi all, is it possible to enter an interactive session and automatically do some initialization? I explain better: I want that when I start interactive Python on a console (I use Linux) two command lines be executed automatically: Python 2.3.4 (#2, Aug 19 2004, 15:49:40) [GCC 3.4.1 (Mandrakelinux (Alpha 3.4.1-3mdk)] on linux2 Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information. >>> import sys >>> x01=x02=0 I would like not to have to write anything at the prompt >>> to run the two commands, but be ready to start the interactive session. Bye. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: PostgreSQL & Python vs PHP
Luis P. Mendes a écrit : (snip) > I need to build it from the server and also client side. > > For the client side I'll be using Python. > > But for the server side, I would like to hear some opinions. Is it worth > learning Php? I dont think so - unless you have no other choice !-) More seriously, Python is at least as good (much better IMHO...) as PHP for web applications, and the only thing (the only I can think of...) that's really easier to do with PHP is to write unmaintainable code with all logic and presention mixed up, global variables coming from outer space, etc... Another point is that, since you'll need to implement your domain model in Python for the client app anyway, duplicating it in PHP would not only be a waste of time, but also lead to a maintence nightmare. Using Python on both the client and server side, you'll just have to write specific controllers and views for the web application. A last thing is that PostgreSQL supports Python as an extension language. My 2 cents... -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Initializing interactive Python
[EMAIL PROTECTED] a écrit : > Hi all, > is it possible to enter an interactive session and automatically > do some initialization? > I explain better: > I want that when I start interactive Python on a console (I use Linux) > two command lines be executed automatically: [EMAIL PROTECTED] bruno $ python -h (snip) Other environment variables: PYTHONSTARTUP: file executed on interactive startup (no default) (snip) > Python 2.3.4 (#2, Aug 19 2004, 15:49:40) > [GCC 3.4.1 (Mandrakelinux (Alpha 3.4.1-3mdk)] on linux2 > Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information. > import sys x01=x02=0 > > > I would like not to have to write anything at the prompt >>> to run > the two commands, but be ready to start the interactive session. > Bye. [EMAIL PROTECTED] bruno $ cat ~/.pythonrc.py import sys x01=x02=0 [EMAIL PROTECTED] bruno $ export PYTHONSTARTUP=~/.pythonrc.py [EMAIL PROTECTED] bruno $ python Python 2.4.1 (#1, Jul 23 2005, 00:37:37) [GCC 3.3.4 20040623 (Gentoo Linux 3.3.4-r1, ssp-3.3.2-2, pie-8.7.6)] on linux2 Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information. >>> sys >>> x01 0 >>> x02 0 >>> Easy as pie !-) HTH Bruno -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Initializing interactive Python
On Sun, Jul 24, 2005 at 03:26:06AM -0700, [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: > Hi all, > is it possible to enter an interactive session and automatically > do some initialization? set the enviroment variable PYTHONSTARTUP to point to a startup.py of your own, where you put all your initializations.. HTH -- Thanos Tsouanas .: My Music: http://www.thanostsouanas.com/ http://thanos.sians.org/ .: Sians Music: http://www.sians.org/ -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
FAQ?
Hello, Is there an FAQ available specific to this NG as I'm sure some of the list slicing questions I have have been asked before. Thanks, KPB -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: tuple to string?
Steven D'Aprano wrote: > On Sat, 23 Jul 2005 23:26:19 +1000, John Machin wrote: > > >>Steven D'Aprano wrote: >> >> >>> >>''.join(map(lambda n: chr(n), (0x73, 0x70, 0x61, 0x6D))) >>> >>>'spam' >> >>Why the verbal diarrhoea? > > > One line is hardly verbal diarrhoea. > > >>What's wrong with the (already posted) >> >>''.join(map(chr, (0x73, 0x70, 0x61, 0x6D))) >> >>??? > > > Nothing. > > If I had seen the already posted solution using chr on its own without > lambda, I wouldn't have bothered posting the lambda solution. But I > didn't, so I did. > > As another poster has already pointed out, lambda cries out for over-use, > and this was a perfect example of it. Here are a couple of reductions you can use in future, in the order given: (1) lambda : foo() -> foo # for *any* function foo, not just chr (2) lambda : -> def meaningful_func_name(): -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: How to run python script in background after i logout
Harlin Seritt wrote: > python script.py & > > It runs fine. When I log off ssh I notice that the script died when I > logged off. How do I make sure it stays running? As another reply stated, cron is probably what you really want, but to answer your question literally: you want the "nohup" command (short for "no hangup", as in the HUP signal). You would run it like so: nohup python script.py & see "man nohup" and "info coreutils nohup" for more info. -- Benji York -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Getting a dictionary from an object
Thanos Tsouanas a écrit : > On Sun, Jul 24, 2005 at 01:43:43PM +1000, Steven D'Aprano wrote: (snip) > >>Why jump through all those hoops to get attributes when Python already >>provides indexing and attribute grabbing machinery that work well? Why do >>you bother to subclass dict, only to mangle the dict __getitem__ method so >>that you can no longer retrieve items from the dict? > > Because *obviously* I don't know of these indexing and attribute > grabbing machineries you are talking about in my case. If you cared to > read my first post, all I asked was for the "normal", "built-in" way to > do it. Now, is there one, or not? If you re-read your first post, you'll notice that you didn't say anything about the intention, only about implementation !-) Now if your *only* need is to access object as a dict for formated output, you don't need to subclass dict. This is (well, should be) enough: class Wrapper(object): def __init__(self, obj): self._obj = obj def __getitem__(self, name): return getattr(self._obj, name) This works with 'normal' attributes as well as with properties. Notice that this wrapper is read-only, and don't pretend to be a real dictionnary - but still it implements the minimum required interface for "%(attname)s" like formatting. HTH Bruno -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Getting a dictionary from an object
On Sun, Jul 24, 2005 at 02:01:30PM +0200, Bruno Desthuilliers wrote: > Thanos Tsouanas a écrit : > > On Sun, Jul 24, 2005 at 01:43:43PM +1000, Steven D'Aprano wrote: > > > > Because *obviously* I don't know of these indexing and attribute > > grabbing machineries you are talking about in my case. If you cared to > > read my first post, all I asked was for the "normal", "built-in" way to > > do it. Now, is there one, or not? > > If you re-read your first post, you'll notice that you didn't say > anything about the intention, only about implementation !-) """The following works, but I would prefer to use a built-in way if one exists. Is there one?""" > Now if your *only* need is to access object as a dict for formated > output, you don't need to subclass dict. This is (well, should be) enough: > > class Wrapper(object): > def __init__(self, obj): > self._obj = obj > def __getitem__(self, name): > return getattr(self._obj, name) > > This works with 'normal' attributes as well as with properties. Notice > that this wrapper is read-only, and don't pretend to be a real > dictionnary - but still it implements the minimum required interface for > "%(attname)s" like formatting. Thanks!! You made clear what 'the extra functionality' was. Indeed there is no need to subclass dict... > HTH it does! > Bruno > -- > http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list -- Thanos Tsouanas .: My Music: http://www.thanostsouanas.com/ http://thanos.sians.org/ .: Sians Music: http://www.sians.org/ -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: tuple to string?
Steven D'Aprano wrote: > On Sat, 23 Jul 2005 23:31:04 +1000, John Machin wrote: > > You don't need the sissy parentheses; '%c' * len(t) % t works just fine :-) >>> >>> >>>Ah, ok. Didn't want to lookup the precedence rules... >> >> >>Look up the precedence rules? Are you aware of any language where * / >>and % _don't_ have the same precedence?? > > > Do languages like Pascal that don't have string formatting expressions, or > use the % operator, count? A thousand pardons; I should have said "Are you aware of any language which has % (as primarily a numeric remainder/modulo operator) but * / and % _don't_ have the same precedence??" OK, given a language which does have * and / used among other things for numerical multiply and divide, (a) are you aware of any such language which does does not have * and / at the same precedence level (b) supposing one wanted to introduce % as a numerical remainder/modulo/whatever operator (plus other meaning(s) for non-numeric types), would you care to argue that it should not have the same precedence level (as * and /)? Pascal was/is a prime example of bad precedence choice: a > b or c > d means a > (b or c) > d in Pascal (not very useful) and (a > b) or (c > d) in many other languages. > > How about languages like Forth that don't have precedence rules at all, > unless "first come, first served" is a precedence rule? No precedence rules -> no relevance to the topic -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Getting a dictionary from an object
Bruno Desthuilliers a écrit : (snip) > class Wrapper(object): > def __init__(self, obj): > self._obj = obj > def __getitem__(self, name): > return getattr(self._obj, name) If you want the Wrapper to be more like a Decorator (ie still can use the Wrapper object as if it was the wrapped object), you can add this: def __getattr__(self, name): return getattr(self._obj, name) def __setattr__(self, name, val): if name == '_obj': super(Wrapper, self).__setattr__(name, val) else: setattr(self._obj, name, val) The Python cookbook may have some receipes too for this kind of funny things... -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: How can I get an sha1 hash in base32?
On Sat, 23 Jul 2005 23:27:44 +0200, Marc 'BlackJack' Rintsch wrote: > In <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>, Elmo Mäntynen wrote: > >> I know how to make a hash(using mhash), but instead of encoded as hex I >> want it in base32 for use with the bitzi catalog. python-bitzi is useful >> but way too slow for just getting the hash of a file(am going to use it >> elsewhere). Thanks. > > Doesn't Bitzi calculate some kind of audio fingerprint? Just a hash of > the file would result in very different hash values for different codecs, > bitrates etc. for the "same" audio data. > > Ciao, > Marc 'BlackJack' Rintsch I don't think it does, but musicbrainz is designed for just that, and there's a ptyhon binding for using the libs. Elmo -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Getting a dictionary from an object
Steven D'Aprano a écrit : > On Sun, 24 Jul 2005 02:09:54 +0300, Thanos Tsouanas wrote: > > (snip) > > Are you telling me that the ONLY thing you use dictobj objects for is to > print them? > > I don't think so. I do know how to print an object, amazingly. > > Perhaps you would like to explain how you use the rest of the > functionality of the dictobj, instead of taking my words out of context > and giving an inane answer. > > Why jump through all those hoops to get attributes when Python already > provides indexing and attribute grabbing machinery that work well? Why do > you bother to subclass dict, only to mangle the dict __getitem__ method so > that you can no longer retrieve items from the dict? > The idea of the OP is not to use the dictobj as a full fledged dict, just to wrap the obj in something that is dict-like enough to be used for "%(attname)s" formatting. I also assume that he doesn't want to manually alter the code of each and every class to achieve this !-) So we can certainly agree that subclassing dict here is overkill and a bit misleading, but there are probably better ways to express this feeling. Of course, it would have been simpler if the OP had tell us from the start what was it's use case, but what... One could of course use metaclass tricks and the like to customize the objects __str__ or __repr__ (as in David Mertz's gnosis.magic package), but that would be overkill too IMHO. The plain old Decorator[1] pattern is probably enough in this case, since it's quite easy to implement a generic Decorator in Python. Another solution could be to dynamically modify the to-be-wrapped object's class to add a __getitem__ method. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Initializing interactive Python
Hi Bruno, thank you..."Easy as pie !-)" Bye. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Getting a dictionary from an object
Thanos Tsouanas a écrit : >>On Sat, 23 Jul 2005 11:48:27 +0300, Thanos Tsouanas wrote: >> >>>Hello. >>> >>>I would like to have a quick way to create dicts from object, so that a >>>call to foo['bar'] would return obj.bar. >> (snip) > print foo %do > > where do is a dictobj object... I gave you a solution based on the Decorator pattern in another post, but there is also the possibility to add a __getitem__ method directly to the to-be-formatted object's class: def mygetitem(obj, name): return getattr(obj, name) setattr(obj.__class__, '__getitem__', mygetitem) obj['bar'] BTW, parts of this thread should remind us all that it's usually better to clearly describe the *problem* before asking for comments on the solution... My 2 cents... Bruno -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: [path-PEP] Path inherits from basestring again
Peter Hansen wrote:
> Reinhold Birkenfeld wrote:
> [on comparing Paths and stings]
>> Do you have a use case for the comparison? Paths should be compared only
>> with other paths.
>
> I can think of lots, though I don't know that I've used any in my
> existing (somewhat limited) code that uses Path, but they all involve
> cases where I would expect, if comparisons were disallowed, to just wrap
> the string in a Path first, even though to me that seems like it should
> be an unnecessary step:
>
>if mypath.splitpath()[0] == 'c:/temp':
>
>if 'tests' in mypath.dirs():
>
>and lots of other uses which start by treating a Path as a string
>first, such as by doing .endswith('_unit.py')
endswith is okay, since it is an inherited method from str.
> Any of these could be resolved by ensuring both are Paths, but then I'm
> not sure there's much justification left for using a baseclass of
> basestring in the first place:
>
>if mypath.splitpath()[0] == Path('c:/temp'):
But you must admit that that't the cleaner solution.
>if Path('tests') in mypath.dirs():
>
> Question: would this latter one actually work? Would this check items
> in the list using comparison or identity? Identity would simply be
> wrong here.
Yes, it works. I didn't do anything to make it work, but Path seems to inherit
the immutableness from str.
> [on removing properties in favour of methods for volatile data]
>> My line of thought is that a path may, but does not need to refer to an
>> existing, metadata-readable file. For this, I think a property is not
>> proper.
>
> Fair enough, though in either case an attempt to access that information
> leads to the same exception. I can't make a strong argument in favour
> of properties (nor against them, really).
Okay.
>> What about iteration and indexing? Should it support
>> "for element in path" or "for char in path" or nothing?
>
> As John Roth suggests, the former seems a much more useful thing to do.
> The latter is probably as rarely needed as it is with regular strings
> (which I believe is roughly "never" in Python).
>
> [on .read_file_bytes() etc]
>> I think it is not exactly bad that these names are somehow outstanding,
>> as that demonstrates that something complex and special happens.
>
> Point taken. What about ditching the "file" part, since it is redundant
> and obvious that a file is in fact what is being accessed. Thus:
> .read_bytes(), .read_text(), .write_lines() etc.
Hm. Is it so clear that a it's about a file? A path can point to anything,
so I think it's better to clearly state that this is only for a file at the
path, if it exists.
Reinhold
--
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Re: tuple to string?
Francois De Serres wrote:
> Francois De Serres wrote:
>
>> hiho,
>>
>> what's the clean way to translate the tuple (0x73, 0x70, 0x61, 0x6D)
>> to the string 'spam'?
>>
>> TIA,
>> Francois
>>
>>
> thanks to all!
>
> I'll pick ('%c' * len(t)) % t, for it's readability and the fact that
> join() is on the deprec'd list.
I presume you mean "deprecated".
AFAIK there is no such thing as a "deprecated list".
Certain constructs cause a deprecation warning to be emitted at run time
-- like passing a float argument where an int is expected.
Other constructs could be loosely described as deprecated because there
is now a better way to do it, but no messages are generated. This is so
for almost all of the functions in the string module. One example of
this is "join": instead of string.join(alist, sep) one now does
sep.join(alist)
Given a non-string sequence of single characters, the
common/standard/well-known idiom for producing a string uses join; it is
''.join(seq)
Backing up to readability, I wouldn't have picked
"('%c' * len(t)) % t" (nor the version with 2 fewer parentheses!) as
particulary readable -- mainly because %c is AFAIK relatively little
used in Python and only someone familar with C etc would understand why
it works, or why it even exists. OTOH something like "''.join(chr(x) for
x in t)" is made up of well-known frequently-used components.
Cheers,
John
--
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Re: [path-PEP] Path inherits from basestring again
Reinhold Birkenfeld wrote: > Hi, > > the arguments in the previous thread were convincing enough, so I made the > Path class inherit from str/unicode again. Further changes by now: * subdirs() is now dirs(). * fixed compare behaviour for unicode base (unicode has no rich compare) * __iter__() iterates over the parts(). * the following methods raise NotImplemented: capitalize, expandtabs, join, splitlines, title, zfill Open issues: What about the is* string methods? What about __contains__ and __getitem__? What about path * 4? Reinhold -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Getting a dictionary from an object
On Sun, Jul 24, 2005 at 03:01:40PM +0200, Bruno Desthuilliers wrote: > I gave you a solution based on the Decorator pattern in another post, > but there is also the possibility to add a __getitem__ method directly > to the to-be-formatted object's class: > > def mygetitem(obj, name): >return getattr(obj, name) > > setattr(obj.__class__, '__getitem__', mygetitem) > obj['bar'] I used what you suggested earlier with the Wrapper, without subclassing dict anymore. Thanks! > > BTW, parts of this thread should remind us all that it's usually better > to clearly describe the *problem* before asking for comments on the > solution... > """I would like to have a quick way to create dicts from object, so that a call to foo['bar'] would return obj.bar.""" Actually this is the problem, (I never said anything about _assigning_ new keys in foo), and the line following it is my question ;) Thanks again! -- Thanos Tsouanas .: My Music: http://www.thanostsouanas.com/ http://thanos.sians.org/ .: Sians Music: http://www.sians.org/ -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: PyGTK or wxPython (not a flame war) on Windows
> I've used pygtk with success on windows. (...) > > [will] I be able to make an executable (using Py2Exe) of an application > > that uses PyGTK? > > Yes. So PyGTK is now my favourite. Better documentation, runs on Linux and Windows, the possibility to make an executable program with Py2Exe. It's enough for me. > One point against: requires X11 on a Mac; definitely not native there, > though that's where I do a lot of my pygtk development. I suppose that 95% of my application's users will work on Win. The rest will work on *nix. So my primary concern is PC world. AFAIK PyGTK doesn't look native on Win as well, but I don't care. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: FAQ?
Keith P. Boruff wrote: > Is there an FAQ available specific to this NG as I'm sure some of the > list slicing questions I have have been asked before. Try Google for . I don't know why you would want to look in a FAQ *specific* to a newsgroup to look up slicing questions, since slicing has little to do with the newsgroup. A more general Python FAQ will be more helpful. -- Michael Hoffman -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: PyGTK or wxPython (not a flame war) on Windows
> PyQt works equally well on both systems. I believe you. The problem is I don't like GPL. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: PyGTK or wxPython (not a flame war) on Windows
Thanks a lot! Now I know I can choose PyGTK. I really like it because of its rich documentation. > You could also bundle the runtime DLLs with your py2exe'd application That's great. I think my clients will appreciate a single one executable. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: [path-PEP] Path inherits from basestring again
Reinhold Birkenfeld wrote: > * __iter__() iterates over the parts(). > * the following methods raise NotImplemented: > capitalize, expandtabs, join, splitlines, title, zfill Why? They *are* implemented. I do not understand this desire to wantonly break basestring compatiblity for the sake of breaking compatibility. Once you break compatibility with basestring you can no longer use a path anywhere that you could have used a str or unicode before. With compatibility broken, the only possible supported way of passing paths to third-party functions will be to cast the path with path.__bases__[0](mypath) before passing it anywhere else. You can't even use str() because you don't know what the base class of the path is. What a pain. From the original path.py documentation: """ os.path.join doesn't map to path.join(), because there's a string method with that name. Instead it's path.joinpath(). This is a nuisance, but changing the semantics of base class methods is worse. (I know, I tried it.) The same goes for split(). """ It ain't broke. Please stop breaking it. -- Michael Hoffman -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Getting a dictionary from an object
On Sun, 24 Jul 2005 12:03:47 +0300, Thanos Tsouanas wrote: > On Sun, Jul 24, 2005 at 01:43:43PM +1000, Steven D'Aprano wrote: >> On Sun, 24 Jul 2005 02:09:54 +0300, Thanos Tsouanas wrote: >> > >> > print foo %do >> > >> > where do is a dictobj object... >> >> Are you telling me that the ONLY thing you use dictobj objects for is to >> print them? > > I'm sorry to disappoint you, but yes. When you have a long text > template to fill-out, with lots of %(foo)s, and all those foos are > attributes of an object, it really helps to have dictobj. Ah, now we're making progress in finding out what the purpose of the dictobj is! Thank you, this is starting to become clearer now. >> I don't think so. I do know how to print an object, amazingly. > > Please, tell me, how would you print it in my case? If I have understood you, you have some object like such: obj.foo = 1 obj.bar = 2 obj.spam = 'a' obj.eggs = 'b' say. You want to use it something like this: print "My object has fields %(foo)s; %(bar)s; %(spam)s; %(eggs)s." % obj except that doesn't work. So I would simply change the reference to obj to obj.__dict__ and it should do exactly what you want. Does that help? [snip] > Because *obviously* I don't know of these indexing and attribute > grabbing machineries you are talking about in my case. If you cared to > read my first post, all I asked was for the "normal", "built-in" way to > do it. Now, is there one, or not? I did read your first post. Unfortunately, you had not explained what you were trying to do very well. Your initial solution involved sub-classing dict. I made the fatal mistake of trying to guess what you needed from your sample code -- a natural mistake to make, given how vague your requirements were. Or rather, non-existent. It really does help to explain what your functional requirements are, instead of focusing on one, possibly pointless, implementation. If I have understood your functional requirements correctly, you don't need "to have a quick way to create dicts from object, so that a call to foo['bar'] would return obj.bar" at all. -- Steven. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Friend wants to learn python
Why not start with Python's standard documentation? There are Python Tutorial and Library Reference. IMHO it's the best place to start. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: [path-PEP] Path inherits from basestring again
Hi All-- Reinhold Birkenfeld wrote: > > Reinhold Birkenfeld wrote: > > Hi, > > > > the arguments in the previous thread were convincing enough, so I made the > > Path class inherit from str/unicode again. > Thanks. > * the following methods raise NotImplemented: > capitalize, expandtabs, join, splitlines, title, zfill > If path inherits from str or unicode, why not leave these? I can certainly see uses for capitalize(), title() and zfill() when trying to coerce Windows to let me use the case that I put there in the first place;-) What if I wanted to take a (legitimate) directory name 'parking\tlot' and change it to 'parkinglot'? > Open issues: > > What about the is* string methods? What about them? What makes you think these wouldn't be useful? Imagine directory names made up of all numbers; wouldn't it be useful to know which directories in a tree of, say, digital camera images, comprise all numbers, all hex numbers, or alpha only? > > What about __contains__ and __getitem__? I find it hard to imagine what would be returned when asking a path for say, path["c:"], other than the index. n=path["c:"] = 0 ? > > What about path * 4? This one makes my brain hurt, I admit;-) Metta, Ivan -- Ivan Van Laningham God N Locomotive Works http://www.andi-holmes.com/ http://www.foretec.com/python/workshops/1998-11/proceedings.html Army Signal Corps: Cu Chi, Class of '70 Author: Teach Yourself Python in 24 Hours -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: FAQ?
Michael Hoffman wrote: > Keith P. Boruff wrote: > >> Is there an FAQ available specific to this NG as I'm sure some of the >> list slicing questions I have have been asked before. > > > Try Google for . I tried and didn't find one. That's why I asked here. > I don't know why you would want to look in > a FAQ *specific* to a newsgroup to look up slicing questions, I have a specific question about list slicing and this is a python NG. What's not to understand? > since slicing has little to do with the newsgroup. I thought this was a python NG. > A more general Python FAQ will be more helpful. A more general FAQ (or the stuff I've accessed on slicing) didn't answer my question. It doesn't matter now. I've since found the answer. Is your attitude indicitive of most people on this NG or are you just one of those NG guys who gets off on making the new people feel stupid? If it's the former, I'll just go away. If it's the latter, I'll *PLONK* you. KPB -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: FAQ?
Here's my trove of FAQ/Gotcha lists http://www.ferg.org/projects/python_gotchas.html http://zephyrfalcon.org/labs/python_pitfalls.html http://zephyrfalcon.org/labs/beginners_mistakes.html http://www.onlamp.com/pub/a/python/2004/02/05/learn_python.html http://www.norvig.com/python-iaq.html http://www.faqts.com/knowledge_base/index.phtml/fid/245 http://amk.ca/python/writing/warts -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: FAQ?
gene tani wrote: > Here's my trove of FAQ/Gotcha lists > > http://www.ferg.org/projects/python_gotchas.html > http://zephyrfalcon.org/labs/python_pitfalls.html > http://zephyrfalcon.org/labs/beginners_mistakes.html > > > http://www.onlamp.com/pub/a/python/2004/02/05/learn_python.html > http://www.norvig.com/python-iaq.html > http://www.faqts.com/knowledge_base/index.phtml/fid/245 > http://amk.ca/python/writing/warts > Thanks Gene. I'll give thme a look. KPB -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Getting a dictionary from an object
On Sun, 24 Jul 2005 12:07:02 +0300, Thanos Tsouanas wrote: > On Sat, Jul 23, 2005 at 06:59:43PM -0600, Steven Bethard wrote: >> Thanos Tsouanas wrote: >> > I would like to have a quick way to create dicts from object, so that a >> > call to foo['bar'] would return obj.bar. >> > >> > The following works, but I would prefer to use a built-in way if one >> > exists. Is there one? >> >> Maybe I'm not understanding your problem, but have you looked at the >> builtin "vars()"? > > I didn't know about it, but I knew about object.__dict__ which is, as I > see equivalent with vars(object). But it doesn't do the job for me, > since it fails to grab all obj.foo's, some of them being properties, > etc. You could have mentioned this earlier. But I don't think you are correct. As far as I can see, properties do have an entry in obj.__dict__ the same as other attributes, although there is certainly some strangeness going on with properties. Using the sample code from here: http://www.python.org/2.2.3/descrintro.html#property class C(object): def __init__(self): self.__x = 0 def getx(self): return self.__x def setx(self, x): if x < 0: x = 0 self.__x = x x = property(getx, setx) I see _C__x in C().__dict__, exactly as expected. (The _C is Python's standard name mangling of "semi-private" attributes starting with double underscores.) I can't see any way to inspect a Python object and get a list of properties, so you might have to keep your own list: add a class-attribute of your object which keeps a list of all the properties: class Obj: # various methods, attributes and properties ... # keep a list of special properties that don't show # up correctly in __dict__ special = ['foo', 'bar'] # now define a special method that makes a copy of # __dict__ and adds special properties to it def objdict(self): D = self.__dict__.copy() # assume shallow copy is enough for property_name in self.special: D[property_name] = self.__getattribute__(property_name) return D then call it when you need it: print "My object has fields %(foo)s and %(bar)s." % obj.objdict() It would be nice to see an easier way to introspect objects and get a list of properties. -- Steven. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: FAQ?
Keith P. Boruff wrote: > Michael Hoffman wrote: > >> Keith P. Boruff wrote: >> >>> Is there an FAQ available specific to this NG as I'm sure some of the >>> list slicing questions I have have been asked before. >> >> Try Google for . > > I tried and didn't find one. That's why I asked here. surprising as the first (for me at least on googgle.com) response is: www.python.org/doc/faq/ >> I don't know why you would want to look in a FAQ *specific* to a >> newsgroup to look up slicing questions, > > I have a specific question about list slicing and this is a python NG. > What's not to understand? Michael answer could be subtitled as: "if the faq is wider that the newsgroup, then you have more probability to find an answer." > A more general FAQ (or the stuff I've accessed on slicing) didn't answer > my question. If, after looking for information on your own you did not find a solution, it may mean that you are ready to post a question :-) my 2 cents -- rafi "Imagination is more important than knowledge." (Albert Einstein) -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: How to realize ssh & scp in Python
Rather than doing anything with passwords, you should instead use public key authentication. This involves creating a keypair with ssh_keygen, putting the private key on the machine opening the ssh connection (~/.ssh/id_rsa), then listing the public key in the remote system's ~/.ssh/authorized_keys. If you don't want to use this approach, `pexpect'[1] is supposed to be able to perform this sort of tasks, and one of its examples is called `sshls.py'. I just downloaded it, and after changing the ssh commandline to include -o 'PreferredAuthentications password' it worked for me. In another recent thread, a different poster claimed it didn't work, so your results may vary. Jeff [1] http://pexpect.sourceforge.net/ pgprScaQubqXA.pgp Description: PGP signature -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: "Aliasing" an object's __str__ to a different method
On Jul 24, 2005, at 5:00 AM, Bengt Richter wrote: > Actually, it's not just the "magic" methods. [...] Thanks for the clarification/explanation =) > This looks a little strange because the repr of the bound method > includes a repr of the thing bound to, > which returns the Edit/View presentation (after the 'of' above). > (A possible reason to consider using just __str__ and letting > __repr__ be). Yea, I must apologize, I pasted in a slightly different version of the class in my original email than I intended to...I fully understand the difference between __str__ and __repr__ and that bit of code where I attempted to bind to both was me attempting to discern exactly what was going on. The "real" version would only be binding to __str__ and leaving __repr__ alone so it could be used as intended =) > A function's __get__ method will deliver a bound method if the lookup > is via an inst, or an unbound method if the lookup is via the > class, in which > case None is passed to __get__ instead of the instance. > > The upshot is that you can create descriptors __str__ and > __repr__for your class that will > return bound methods using __str__ and __repr__ function attributes > of your instance (if they exist) > instead of the normal class attributes, and we can chose from > several normal class attributes according > to a general mode flag of the class. [big-arse snip of code/output] I half-understood this and what followed, but that's my fault and not that of your explanation. Honestly, I'm still trying to elevate my Python knowledge from a primarily quick-scripting level to one suitable for larger applications (or at least, more intelligent scripts =)). Specifically with things like descriptors and their ilk, I need to reread the various docs and PEPs out there. But, thanks for the detailed example, and you can be sure I'll return to it in the near future after some more reading. > You could use this kind of thing in a base class and specialize > in subclasses to override stuff, and you can do other stuff too. > Your choices are more varied that you probably thought ;-) Oh, I know there's a whole host of ways to accomplish this, I just tend to get narrowly focused on a single option or couple of options for stretches of time, heh. >> And ideally I wanted to be able to hold a collection of these objects >> and toggle them all to one state or the other, then bandy them about >> > ^^^ > does that mean all instances with a single toggling action, or each > individually? You could have both. I.e., a general mode flag and the > ability to assign an arbitrary __str__ and/or __repr__ override for > a particular instance. See example, where all are toggled by default. Well, either, depending on how flexible I want the overall design to be, but primarily all at once. E.g. I'd have a Page or PageBody container class holding a bunch of (implementing the same interface) objects as discussed, and would want all of those sub-objects to be in the same mode. In other words...a page is either displaying text fields for editing, or plain text for display (but with myriad form elements, not just text fields, of course). Thanks again, Jeff -- Jeffrey E. Forcier Junior Developer, Research and Development Stroz Friedberg, LLC 15 Maiden Lane, 12th Floor New York, NY 10038 [main]212-981-6540 [direct]212-981-6546 http://www.strozllc.com This message is for the named person's use only. It may contain confidential, proprietary or legally privileged information. No right to confidential or privileged treatment of this message is waived or lost by any error in transmission. If you have received this message in error, please immediately notify the sender by e-mail or by telephone at 212.981.6540, delete the message and all copies from your system and destroy any hard copies. You must not, directly or indirectly, use, disclose, distribute, print or copy any part of this message if you are not the intended recipient. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: FAQ?
Keith P. Boruff wrote: > Michael Hoffman wrote: >> Keith P. Boruff wrote: >>> Is there an FAQ available specific to this NG as I'm sure some of the >>> list slicing questions I have have been asked before. >> >> Try Google for . > > I tried and didn't find one. That's why I asked here. When I Google for , almost all of the search results on the first page are Python FAQs. The third link even has a "newsgroup" FAQ although I doubt it is what you want, even though you said otherwise. Therefore I asked a question on why you want a *newsgroup* FAQ when it sounds like you want a *Python* FAQ, so that I and others could potentially be more helpful in answering your unasked question. >> I don't know why you would want to look in a FAQ *specific* to a >> newsgroup to look up slicing questions, > > I have a specific question about list slicing and this is a python NG. > What's not to understand? I can't understand why you think your list slicing problem is specific to the newsgroup and not to Python. > Is your attitude indicitive of most people on this NG or are you just > one of those NG guys who gets off on making the new people feel stupid? > If it's the former, I'll just go away. If that's the way you respond to people who are trying to help you, please do so. -- Michael Hoffman -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: PyGTK or wxPython (not a flame war) on Windows
Hello! > AFAIK PyGTK doesn't look native on Win as well, but I don't care. It does have a nearly-native look and feel: http://gtk-wimp.sourceforge.net/screenshots/ And yes, the theme adjusts itself to Windows XP themes, so GTK+ apps look nearly like any other Windows Program. The native look and feel is not as good as the look and feel of wx but still really _much_ better than older versions of GTK. This is done by a theme engine.. you can find it in the gladewin32 package. greets, Marek -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: How to realize ssh & scp by Python
On 7/23/05, 刚 王 <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote: > I would like to write a Python code like this: > > It can login a host by SSH > after login the host, use SCP to get a remote file, so it can deliver file > to the host. > then execute the program > then leave the host > > For example : > > STEP 1. ssh _yyy at 123.45.67.89 > STEP 2. Enter the password automatically > STEP 3. run " scp -r zzz at 123.45.67.90:/home/xxx/program ." > STEP 4. Enter the password for SCP automatically > STEP 5. run "./program" > STEP 6. run " exit" > > I know telnetlib can help us with telnet, and how to deal with this SSH > situation in Python? > > Thanks a lot for your help :) > I would recommend looking at the following utilities: http://www.theether.org/pssh/ http://sourceforge.net/projects/pyssh Setting up private/public key authentication is going to allow for a greate amount of secure automation. Barring that, use the pexpect module to do the prompt handling. -jesse -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: [path-PEP] Path inherits from basestring again
Michael Hoffman wrote: > Reinhold Birkenfeld wrote: > >> * __iter__() iterates over the parts(). >> * the following methods raise NotImplemented: >> capitalize, expandtabs, join, splitlines, title, zfill > > Why? They *are* implemented. I do not understand this desire to wantonly > break basestring compatiblity for the sake of breaking compatibility. > > Once you break compatibility with basestring you can no longer use a > path anywhere that you could have used a str or unicode before. With > compatibility broken, the only possible supported way of passing paths > to third-party functions will be to cast the path with > path.__bases__[0](mypath) before passing it anywhere else. You can't > even use str() because you don't know what the base class of the path > is. What a pain. > > From the original path.py documentation: > > """ > os.path.join doesn't map to path.join(), because there's a string method > with that name. Instead it's path.joinpath(). This is a nuisance, but > changing the semantics of base class methods is worse. (I know, I tried > it.) The same goes for split(). > """ > > It ain't broke. Please stop breaking it. Okay. While a path has its clear use cases and those don't need above methods, it may be that some brain-dead functions needs them. Reinhold -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: FAQ?
Michael Hoffman wrote: > Keith P. Boruff wrote: > >> Michael Hoffman wrote: >> >>> Keith P. Boruff wrote: >>> Is there an FAQ available specific to this NG as I'm sure some of the list slicing questions I have have been asked before. > > Therefore I asked a question on why you want a *newsgroup* FAQ when it > sounds like you want a *Python* FAQ, so that I and others could > potentially be more helpful in answering your unasked question. Seems to me there is a slight misunderstanding here. Some newsgroups publish a FAQ, based on the questions that are asked in it. These FAQ are often related to the subject of the NG, not specifically the NG and its mechanics. It is advised, when someone wants to post in these kind of NG, to check if their question is not yet answered in the FAQ published by the NG on the subject. Therefore, I think the OP was checking if there was such a FAQ on Python published specifically in c.l.python besides the ones he already found on the web. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: tuple to string?
Francois De Serres wrote:
> I'll pick ('%c' * len(t)) % t, for it's readability and the fact that
> join() is on the deprec'd list.
''.join() is certainly not deprecated. What made you think that?
--
Robert Kern
[EMAIL PROTECTED]
"In the fields of hell where the grass grows high
Are the graves of dreams allowed to die."
-- Richard Harter
--
http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Getting a dictionary from an object
Steven D'Aprano a écrit : > On Sun, 24 Jul 2005 12:03:47 +0300, Thanos Tsouanas wrote: >> >>Please, tell me, how would you print it in my case? > > If I have understood you, you have some object like such: > > obj.foo = 1 > obj.bar = 2 > obj.spam = 'a' > obj.eggs = 'b' > > say. > > You want to use it something like this: > > print "My object has fields %(foo)s; %(bar)s; %(spam)s; %(eggs)s." % obj > > except that doesn't work. So I would simply change the reference to obj to > obj.__dict__ and it should do exactly what you want. Nope, it doesn't work with computed attributes (properties, descriptors, ...). The most obvious solution is the decorator pattern - which is somewhat the op was trying to do. Another solution is to dynamically add a __getitem__ method to obj before using'em that way, either by setting explicitly the method as an attribute of the object's class or by using the import_with_metaclass() trick from David Mertz. (snip) > It really does help to explain what your functional requirements are, > instead of focusing on one, possibly pointless, implementation. > +1 on this !-) -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
ANN: Veusz 0.7 - a scientific plotting package
Veusz 0.7 - Velvet Ember Under Sky Zenith - http://home.gna.org/veusz/ Veusz is a scientific plotting package written in Python (currently 100% Python). It uses PyQt for display and user-interfaces, and numarray for handling the numeric data. Veusz is designed to produce publication-ready Postscript output. Veusz provides a GUI, command line and scripting interface (based on Python) to its plotting facilities. The plots are built using an object-based system to provide a consistent interface. Changes from 0.6: Please refer to ChangeLog for all the changes. Highlights include: * 2D image support * FITS file data import (1D + 2D) with PyFITS module * Support for line separated blocks of data when importing * Reversed axes supported * Key length option * Linked dataset reload UI * Plot functions over specific range * Several UI improvements Features of package: * X-Y plots (with errorbars) * Images (with colour mappings) * Stepped plots (for histograms) * Line plots * Function plots * Fitting functions to data * Stacked plots and arrays of plots * Plot keys * Plot labels * LaTeX-like formatting for text * EPS output * Simple data importing * Scripting interface * Save/Load plots * Dataset manipulation * Embed Veusz within other programs To be done: * Contour plots * UI improvements * Import filters (for qdp and other plotting packages, fits, csv) Requirements: Python (probably 2.3 or greater required) http://www.python.org/ Qt (free edition) http://www.trolltech.com/products/qt/ PyQt (SIP is required to be installed first) http://www.riverbankcomputing.co.uk/pyqt/ http://www.riverbankcomputing.co.uk/sip/ numarray http://www.stsci.edu/resources/software_hardware/numarray Microsoft Core Fonts (recommended) http://corefonts.sourceforge.net/ PyFITS (optional) http://www.stsci.edu/resources/software_hardware/pyfits For documentation on using Veusz, see the "Documents" directory. The manual is in pdf, html and text format (generated from docbook). Cheers Jeremy -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: tuple to string?
Robert Kern wrote:
>Francois De Serres wrote:
>
>
>
>>I'll pick ('%c' * len(t)) % t, for it's readability and the fact that
>>join() is on the deprec'd list.
>>
>>
>
>''.join() is certainly not deprecated. What made you think that?
>
>
>
this:
http://www.python.org/doc/2.4.1/lib/node110.html
but I now realize it's a different version of join() that was proposed
here...
thank you,
Francois
--
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Importing User-defined Modules
I need to import modules with user-defined file extensions that differ from '.py', and also (if possible) redirect the bytecode output of the file to a file of a user-defined extension. I've already read PEP 302 (http://www.python.org/peps/pep-0302.html), but I didn't fully understand it. Would someone [who understands it] please be able to give me a synopsis of it, along with a few explanatory examples, or some other alternatives, if any? -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: tuple to string?
On Sun, 24 Jul 2005 21:55:19 +1000, John Machin wrote: >>>Look up the precedence rules? Are you aware of any language where * / >>>and % _don't_ have the same precedence?? >> >> >> Do languages like Pascal that don't have string formatting expressions, or >> use the % operator, count? > > A thousand pardons; I should have said "Are you aware of any language > which has % (as primarily a numeric remainder/modulo operator) but * / > and % _don't_ have the same precedence??" [slaps head] Ah, I had completely forgotten that Pascal has a MOD operator that is equivalent to % and has the same precedence as * / and DIV. So scratch Pascal off the list. But APL uses right-to-left precedence for all operators, and Forth uses left-to-right. There may be others. > OK, given a language which does have * and / used among other things for > numerical multiply and divide, (a) are you aware of any such language > which does does not have * and / at the same precedence level (b) > supposing one wanted to introduce % as a numerical > remainder/modulo/whatever operator (plus other meaning(s) for > non-numeric types), would you care to argue that it should not have the > same precedence level (as * and /)? Yes I would. Since the remainder (or modulo) operator is not distributive, the only unambiguous usage is to use parentheses, or to decide on precedence rules. The usual mathematical convention is that modulus has lower precedence than addition, eg in "clock arithmetic" we expect that three hours after ten is one: 10+3 modulo 12 is 1, not 13. -- Steven. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: [path-PEP] Path inherits from basestring again
Reinhold Birkenfeld wrote:
> Peter Hansen wrote:
>> if mypath.splitpath()[0] == 'c:/temp':
vs.
>> if mypath.splitpath()[0] == Path('c:/temp'):
>
> But you must admit that that't the cleaner solution.
"Cleaner"? Not at all. I'd say it's the more expressive solution,
perhaps, but I definitely wouldn't choose the word "cleaner" for
something which, to me, adds fairly unnecessary text.
But it's clearly a subjective matter, and as the one of us not involved
in doing the real work here, I'll bow to your judgement on the matter. ;-)
-Peter
--
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Re: tuple to string?
John Machin wrote: > No precedence rules -> no relevance to the topic Precedence rules of other languages -> no relevance to the topic -- Robert Kern [EMAIL PROTECTED] "In the fields of hell where the grass grows high Are the graves of dreams allowed to die." -- Richard Harter -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: PyGTK or wxPython (not a flame war) on Windows
Hallöchen! Marek Kubica <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> writes: > Hello! > >> AFAIK PyGTK doesn't look native on Win as well, but I don't care. > > [...] The native look and feel is not as good as the look and feel > of wx but still really _much_ better than older versions of GTK. Is PyGTK more Pythonic by the way? I had a look at wxPython yesterday and didn't like that it has been brought into the Python world nearly unchanged. You can see its non-Python origin clearly. How does PyGTK feel in this respect? Tschö, Torsten. -- Torsten Bronger, aquisgrana, europa vetus -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: tuple to string?
On Sun, 24 Jul 2005 10:39:44 -0700, Robert Kern wrote: > John Machin wrote: > >> No precedence rules -> no relevance to the topic > > Precedence rules of other languages -> no relevance to the topic I thought the topic was -- or at least had wandered in the direction of -- whether or not it was unthinkable for the precedence of % to be anything but that of multiplication and division. Surely the precedence rules of other languages have some relevance to that question. Still, the subject is rapidly losing whatever interest it may have had. -- Steven. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: [path-PEP] Path inherits from basestring again
Steven D'Aprano <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> writes: > On Sat, 23 Jul 2005 17:51:31 -0600, John Roth wrote: > >> I also like to know the number of elements, which seems to make >> sense as len(path). Again, the number of characters in the path seems >> to be utterly useless information - at least, I can't imagine a use for >> it. > There are (were?) operating systems that could only deal with a maximum > length for pathnames. If I recall correctly, and I probably don't, Classic > Mac (pre-OS X) was limited to file names of 31 or fewer characters and no > more than 250-odd for the entire pathname. At the very least, some file > manager routines would work and some would not. Are. But I think they're a lot longer now. bhuda% grep PATH_MAX /usr/include/sys/syslimits.h #define PATH_MAX 1024 /* max bytes in pathname */ http://www.mired.org/home/mwm/ Independent WWW/Perforce/FreeBSD/Unix consultant, email for more information. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Getting a dictionary from an object
Steven D'Aprano a écrit : > On Sun, 24 Jul 2005 12:07:02 +0300, Thanos Tsouanas wrote: >> >>>Thanos Tsouanas wrote: >>> (snip) >>I didn't know about it, but I knew about object.__dict__ which is, as I >>see equivalent with vars(object). But it doesn't do the job for me, >>since it fails to grab all obj.foo's, some of them being properties, >>etc. > (snip) > I don't think you are correct. As far as I can see, properties do have > an entry in obj.__dict__ the same as other attributes, although there is > certainly some strangeness going on with properties. > > Using the sample code from here: > http://www.python.org/2.2.3/descrintro.html#property > > class C(object): > def __init__(self): > self.__x = 0 > def getx(self): > return self.__x > def setx(self, x): > if x < 0: x = 0 > self.__x = x > x = property(getx, setx) > > I see _C__x in C().__dict__, exactly as expected. (snip) Yes, but you don't see 'x'. Poking into the object's __dict__ would defeat the whole point of computed attributes - which by the way need not directly map to a protected or private variable, nor even be properties (think: descriptors). > I can't see any way to inspect a Python object and get a list of > properties, I do : def list_properties(obj): proptype = type(property()) # not defined in types klass = obj.__class__ names = dir(klass) # so we get inherited attribs as well d = dict([(name, getattr(klass, name)) for name in names]) return [name for name, attrib in d.items() \ if type(attrib) is proptype] Note that this won't find all descriptors (I've tried and it really harder... there are a lot of things in a class.__dict__ that have a __get__() method, most of'em not defined in the types module). Anyway, you won't need it... (I mean, the OP don't need it to solve it's problem) > so you might have to keep your own list: add a class-attribute > of your object which keeps a list of all the properties: > > class Obj: > # various methods, attributes and properties > ... > # keep a list of special properties that don't show > # up correctly in __dict__ > special = ['foo', 'bar'] > > # now define a special method that makes a copy of > # __dict__ and adds special properties to it > > def objdict(self): > D = self.__dict__.copy() > # assume shallow copy is enough > for property_name in self.special: > D[property_name] = self.__getattribute__(property_name) > return D > > then call it when you need it: > > print "My object has fields %(foo)s and %(bar)s." % obj.objdict() This means adding responsabilities to the class when the need is obviously orthogonal to the class's responsabilities. Implementing a generic decorator pattern in Python does'nt require more code, doesn't requires the class nor the object to be modified at all, is probably more robust, and is, well... more generic !-) (should I say 'more pythonic' ?) > It would be nice to see an easier way to introspect objects and get > a list of properties. You're dream is now reality. Now ain't *that* nice ?-) Bruno -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: consistency: extending arrays vs. multiplication ?
On Sat, 2005-07-23 at 23:35 +0200, Marc 'BlackJack' Rintsch wrote: > In <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>, Soeren > Sonnenburg wrote: > > > Just having started with python, I feel that simple array operations '*' > > and '+' don't do multiplication/addition but instead extend/join an > > array: > > > > a=[1,2,3] > b=[4,5,6] > a+b > > [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6] > > Both operate on the lists themselves and not on their contents. Quite > consistent if you ask me. But why ?? Why not have them operate on content, like is done on *arrays ? Soeren -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: consistency: extending arrays vs. multiplication ?
On Sun, 2005-07-24 at 13:36 +1000, Steven D'Aprano wrote: > On Sat, 23 Jul 2005 18:30:02 +0200, Soeren Sonnenburg wrote: > > > Hi all, > > > > Just having started with python, I feel that simple array operations '*' > > and '+' don't do multiplication/addition but instead extend/join an > > array: > > * and + are not array operations, they are list operations. > > Lists in Python can contain anything, not just numeric values. That seems to be *the point*. Although list(a) + list(b) could create a list [ a[0]+b[0], ...] and bail out if for elements '+' is not defined... > Python doesn't have built-in mathematical arrays, otherwise known as > matrices. There are modules that do that, but I haven't used them. Google > on Numeric Python. Well I am aware of that but I don't understand the reasons of having both lists (which are infect arrays) and *arrays ? *I* would rather drop '+' and '*' to work like they do in *array ... Soeren -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: consistency: extending arrays vs. multiplication ?
On Sat, 2005-07-23 at 20:25 -0700, Dan Bishop wrote: > Soeren Sonnenburg wrote: > > Hi all, > > > > Just having started with python, I feel that simple array operations '*' > > and '+' don't do multiplication/addition but instead extend/join an > > array: > > > > a=[1,2,3] > > >>> b=[4,5,6] > > >>> a+b > > [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6] > > > > instead of what I would have expected: > > [5,7,9] > > To get what you expected, use > > [x + y for (x, y) in zip(a, b)] Thanks for this suggestion, however I am interested in understanding the design decision here... I could aswell just use numarray and get the wanted a+b by: from numarray import * a=array([1,2,3]) b=array([1,2,3]) a+b array([2, 4, 6]) Soeren -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: consistency: extending arrays vs. multiplication ?
On Sat, 2005-07-23 at 12:15 -0700, Robert Kern wrote: > Soeren Sonnenburg wrote: > > Hi all, > > > > Just having started with python, I feel that simple array operations '*' > > and '+' don't do multiplication/addition but instead extend/join an > > array: > > > > a=[1,2,3] > > This isn't an array. It is a list. If you want an array, use > Numeric/numarray. If you want lists, use lists. Lists will never grow > the kind of behavior you're asking for. Sorry, but I still don't understand the reasons for that. Lists are infect arrays so why does it make sense to have another *array ? All that is missing is ufuncs and 'fixing' (as I see it) '+','*' ? Soeren signature.asc Description: This is a digitally signed message part -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: consistency: extending arrays vs. multiplication ?
Soeren Sonnenburg wrote: > On Sun, 2005-07-24 at 13:36 +1000, Steven D'Aprano wrote: > >>On Sat, 23 Jul 2005 18:30:02 +0200, Soeren Sonnenburg wrote: >> >>>Hi all, >>> >>>Just having started with python, I feel that simple array operations '*' >>>and '+' don't do multiplication/addition but instead extend/join an >>>array: >> >>* and + are not array operations, they are list operations. >> >>Lists in Python can contain anything, not just numeric values. > > That seems to be *the point*. Whose point? If you mean that you want to be able to use arbitrary objects in an array, then look in numarray.objects for an array type that handles arbitrary Python objects. > Although list(a) + list(b) could create a > list [ a[0]+b[0], ...] and bail out if for elements '+' is not > defined... Unlike the current situation, where a+b always works consistently despite the contents, despite how long the lists are. >>Python doesn't have built-in mathematical arrays, otherwise known as >>matrices. There are modules that do that, but I haven't used them. Google >>on Numeric Python. > > Well I am aware of that but I don't understand the reasons of having > both lists (which are infect arrays) They "are in [fact] arrays" only in the sense that they are containers of objects with a contiguous layout in memory. That doesn't imply either set of semantics for + and * operators. > and *arrays ? They're good at different things. Arrays like Numeric/numarray are harder to implement than the builtin lists. > *I* would rather drop > '+' and '*' to work like they do in *array ... Tough. It's 14 years or so too late to make that change. -- Robert Kern [EMAIL PROTECTED] "In the fields of hell where the grass grows high Are the graves of dreams allowed to die." -- Richard Harter -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: tuple to string?
Steven D'Aprano wrote: > Still, the subject is rapidly losing whatever interest it may have had. It had none. Kill it. "Kill the witch!" -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Try this
I'm not sure I understand your first question but checkout the " glob "
module. Sounds like it may help.
Here is how you could get the folders and filenames
import os
list = os.walk("C:\python24\Tools")
for file in list:
folderlist = os.path.split(file[0])
print "Folder***"
print folderlist[1]
print "="
print
print "Files*"
print file[2]
print "="
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Re: PyGTK or wxPython (not a flame war) on Windows
Hi! Am Sun, 24 Jul 2005 19:47:30 +0200 schrieb Torsten Bronger: > Is PyGTK more Pythonic by the way? I had a look at wxPython > yesterday and didn't like that it has been brought into the Python > world nearly unchanged. You can see its non-Python origin clearly. > How does PyGTK feel in this respect? Well.. I'd say, PyGTK is still quite like GTK in C. There are some nice features like iterators in treeviews but some things are IMHO unneccesary difficult and much more elegant in wx. I have started GUIs in Python with wx, but after a short time I was annoyed how many things were buggy. I don't know why, but I fell from one bug to the other while programming one application. Then, I tried GTK on Windows, because I know GTK+ 2 a bit liked it. First I was very impressed, the documentation (Tutorial + Reference + FAQ) was after wxPy 2.4.x _very_ impressive and things which were difficult in wxPy were easy in PyGTK. But after some time I realized some other things were complicated in PyGTK. You see, there is no non-plus-ultra GUI library and my best advice is to test it yourself to see which one fits your needs best. I hope a Qt4 compatible PyQt will be released soon, I'm curious about the new Qt4, which is free for GPL-only software on Windows. greets, Marek -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Detecting computers on network
Hello! On Fri, 22 Jul 2005 10:32:04 -0600 Sandeep Arya wrote: > Sybren.. Does nmap is available on every systems? I tried on my linux fc4 > machine in user previleage. it was not working. Does this just belongs to > superuser... I'm not Sybren, but I think I'm able to respond. nmap is only available if it is installed on the system, on Debian you would need to install the package nmap first. It is not really a good idea hoping nmap to be installed. You can use nmap as a normal user, but some advanced scanning options are reserved for superuser. greets, Marek -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: [path-PEP] Path inherits from basestring again
Peter Hansen wrote:
> Reinhold Birkenfeld wrote:
>> Peter Hansen wrote:
>>> if mypath.splitpath()[0] == 'c:/temp':
>
> vs.
>
>>> if mypath.splitpath()[0] == Path('c:/temp'):
>>
>> But you must admit that that't the cleaner solution.
>
> "Cleaner"? Not at all. I'd say it's the more expressive solution,
> perhaps, but I definitely wouldn't choose the word "cleaner" for
> something which, to me, adds fairly unnecessary text.
>
> But it's clearly a subjective matter, and as the one of us not involved
> in doing the real work here, I'll bow to your judgement on the matter. ;-)
I'm in no way the last instance on this.
For example, everyone with CVS access is free to change the files ;)
Honestly, I'm in constant fear that allowing too much and loading too much
features won't increase the acceptance of python-dev
Reinhold
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Re: Friend wants to learn python
Hello, On 23 Jul 2005 10:24:02 -0700 Pietro Campesato wrote: > Maybe diveintopython.org can help I consider diveintopython a little bit to hard for the beginner. I really like this book, it's excellent, great thanks to Mike Pilgrim for providing us the book. I pointed a friend to Python Programming for the Absolute Beginner by Premier Press. He liked it, although I don't know how much Python he had learned yet. Just my 1/50 of a bigger coin in your currency ;) greets, Marek -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: How to run python script in background after i logout
Thanos Tsouanas <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> writes: > On Sun, Jul 24, 2005 at 12:51:17PM +0300, Thanos Tsouanas wrote: >> On Sun, Jul 24, 2005 at 02:43:44AM -0700, Harlin Seritt wrote: >> > I have a remote linux server where I can only access it via ssh. I have >> > a script that I need to have run all the time. I run like so: > Since you want it to run all the time, check cron(8) as well. > Maybe you would like to write a small script, executing script.py if it > is not already running. Cron will restart the process at regular intervals, meaning you have to have a mechanism in place to deal with multiple copies running. It also allows for periods when no process is running. There are usually better solutions than this, but they are system-dependent. On SysV like systems - which includes most (all?) Linux systems - you can add an entry to inittab that will cause a command to be restarted should it ever die. On BSD based systems, the same functionality is available via /etc/ttys. It's not very well documented, though. The reason you don't hear much about these is because it's normal for a Unix app to be able to deal with such issues by itself. In python, this consists of a loop like: while not_time_to_exit: try: run_main() except: log_problem() I.e. - you catch any otherwise uncaught exceptions, and log them so that you can fix whatever caused the problem later. This requires that you run_main resets the environment properly to avoid problems from leftover data in the python program. Of course, one way of doing that is relaunching the python program. not_time_to_exit depends on your environment. Proper signal handling is usually the way to deal with this. http://www.mired.org/home/mwm/ Independent WWW/Perforce/FreeBSD/Unix consultant, email for more information. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: How to run python script in background after i logout
Harlin Seritt wrote: > I have a remote linux server where I can only access it via ssh. I have > a script that I need to have run all the time. I run like so: > > python script.py & > > It runs fine. When I log off ssh I notice that the script died when I > logged off. How do I make sure it stays running? You might also check out the extremely cool screen program. It lets you have multiple virtual terminal sessions from one connection, and detach them all and logout, then login later and re-attach them. I typically use 'screen -D -R' which will re-attach if there is a set of sessions to re-attach, or otherwise start a new one. Then you can have a dedicated window for your script.py (you don't even need to run it in the background of the shell with '&') and you can just detach the screen before you logout. Later you can log back in, reattach, check for any output (you can use print statements for debug info, etc.). Since it can be tricky getting started, I'll tell you briefly, there is a command key, which you use to send commands to the screen program. Anything other than command key will be passed through to whatever program is running, e.g. the bash shell or whatever. The default command key is ctrl-a. So you would do 'ctrl-a c' to create a new virtual window, 'ctrl-a 1', 'ctrl-a 2', etc. to switch between virtual windows, and 'ctrl-a d' to detach your session. This brings you back to your original ssh login shell. Incidentally, if you do a 'ps aux' here you'll see one of the programs is 'SCREEN' owned by root; this is the process that is keeping alive all your other processes and that persists when you logout and allows you to reattach later. A couple of problems I've had are first, that ctrl-a is also the emacs command to go to the beginning of the line, which I use all the time. So I've sometimes rebound the screen command key (I've tried ctrl-[ since I dont' ever seem to use that for anything else, but I don't think it works entirely perfectly, especially in combination with the next problem.). Another is that when I use putty.exe from Windows for my ssh client, I can't get scroll-back buffers to work correctly with screen. (Screen is really powerful with its own scrollback buffers and screendumps and stuff but I don't have time to get into all that or even learn it sometimes. I wish I were more a master of it since its such a great program.) Another alternative is to daemonize your program, but I don't know how to do that off the top of my head. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: How to run python script in background after i logout
-BEGIN PGP SIGNED MESSAGE- Hash: SHA1 On 24 Jul 2005, Harlin Seritt wrote: > I have a remote linux server where I can only access it via ssh. I have > a script that I need to have run all the time. I run like so: > > python script.py & > > It runs fine. When I log off ssh I notice that the script died when I > logged off. How do I make sure it stays running? Besides at and cron commands (mentioned by the others), have a look at "nohup", too. Regards, Tomasz Rola - -- ** A C programmer asked whether computer had Buddha's nature. ** ** As the answer, master did "rm -rif" on the programmer's home** ** directory. And then the C programmer became enlightened... ** ** ** ** Tomasz Rola mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] ** -BEGIN PGP SIGNATURE- Version: PGPfreeware 5.0i for non-commercial use Charset: noconv iQA/AwUBQuP0fhETUsyL9vbiEQINVACfVvgOcWTr3jmA21gJq24DcVHWNmgAn2tY JAt0TM0X67bFlD3wRh9TkVeH =tVam -END PGP SIGNATURE- -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: How to run python script in background after i logout
Hello! On 24 Jul 2005 12:59:04 -0700 Steve M wrote: > Another is that when I use putty.exe from Windows for > my ssh client, I can't get scroll-back buffers to work correctly with > screen. (Screen is really powerful with its own scrollback buffers and > screendumps and stuff but I don't have time to get into all that or > even learn it sometimes. I wish I were more a master of it since its > such a great program.) I use Crtl+A+Esc and go into the screen scrollback buffer, where I can navigate with the arrow keys. After typing Esc a second time, I get back to my program. greets, Marek -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Getting a dictionary from an object
Thanos Tsouanas wrote: > Steven Bethard wrote: > >>Maybe I'm not understanding your problem, but have you looked at the >>builtin "vars()"? > > I didn't know about it, but I knew about object.__dict__ which is, as I > see equivalent with vars(object). But it doesn't do the job for me, > since it fails to grab all obj.foo's, some of them being properties, > etc. How about something like: dict((name, getattr(obj, name)) for name in dir(obj)) For example: py> class C(object): ... x = 1 ... @property ... def y(self): ... return 2 ... def __init__(self): ... self.z = 3 ... py> c = C() py> d = dict((name, getattr(c, name)) for name in dir(c)) py> d['x'] 1 py> d['y'] 2 py> d['z'] 3 Looks like this will get instance attributes, class attributes and properties just fine. STeVe -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: PyGTK or wxPython (not a flame war) on Windows
Hallöchen! Marek Kubica <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> writes: > [...] > > I have started GUIs in Python with wx, but after a short time I > was annoyed how many things were buggy. I don't know why, but I > fell from one bug to the other while programming one application. I'm very suprised. wxPython is still that buggy? I read reports from 2000 about such observations, but they tried wxPython in a non-standard way, and the project has had 5 years to become more stable after all. Besides, wxPython prepares for being included into the standard distribution. What did you do? Tschö, Torsten. -- Torsten Bronger, aquisgrana, europa vetus -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Try this
RunLevelZero wrote: > I'm not sure I understand your first question but checkout the " glob " > module. Sounds like it may help. Who are you talking to? It would help if you quoted text from the original message, left some of the original subject, and replied to the original message instead of making a new post. -- Michael Hoffman -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Initializing interactive Python
-BEGIN PGP SIGNED MESSAGE- Hash: SHA1 On 24 Jul 2005 [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: > Hi all, > is it possible to enter an interactive session and automatically > do some initialization? > I explain better: > I want that when I start interactive Python on a console (I use Linux) > two command lines be executed automatically: I did this by using python's "-i" option. Under Unix/Linux environment, you can set up a script like this: - cut - cut - cut --- #!/usr/bin/python -i # init interactive session import someutils someutils.init() import sys from blah.blaaah.blah import * print "Hello there" # Now it's ready and shows you a prompt, so you can abuse it freely ;) - --- paste - paste - paste - It should be possible to write similar script under any other sufficiently developed OS. After executing a script, you are presented a prompt from properly (i.e. the way you want it) initialised interpreter. Regards, Tomasz Rola - -- ** A C programmer asked whether computer had Buddha's nature. ** ** As the answer, master did "rm -rif" on the programmer's home** ** directory. And then the C programmer became enlightened... ** ** ** ** Tomasz Rola mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] ** -BEGIN PGP SIGNATURE- Version: PGPfreeware 5.0i for non-commercial use Charset: noconv iQA/AwUBQuP75RETUsyL9vbiEQKtWgCgpIJS9nWo9tEf01QZACnoyCN5oSgAmgO0 a5+6CQiqEeT+58p/WZgjmlmw =NVnJ -END PGP SIGNATURE- -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Getting a dictionary from an object
*Grandmaster* Steven Bethard a écrit : > > How about something like: > dict((name, getattr(obj, name)) for name in dir(obj)) > ... voiceless-ly'rs -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: How to run python script in background after i logout
"Harlin Seritt" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote in message news:[EMAIL PROTECTED] > I have a remote linux server where I can only access it via ssh. I have > a script that I need to have run all the time. I run like so: > > python script.py & > > It runs fine. When I log off ssh I notice that the script died when I > logged off. How do I make sure it stays running? It sounds like you want to run your script as a daemon. There are ways to do this and it is more of a *nix issue, but google "python" and "run as a daemon". Also check out the createDaemon() function. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: consistency: extending arrays vs. multiplication ?
Soeren Sonnenburg wrote: > On Sun, 2005-07-24 at 13:36 +1000, Steven D'Aprano wrote: > > On Sat, 23 Jul 2005 18:30:02 +0200, Soeren Sonnenburg wrote: > > > > > Hi all, > > > > > > Just having started with python, I feel that simple array operations '*' > > > and '+' don't do multiplication/addition but instead extend/join an > > > array: > > > > * and + are not array operations, they are list operations. > > > > Lists in Python can contain anything, not just numeric values. > > That seems to be *the point*. Although list(a) + list(b) could create a > list [ a[0]+b[0], ...] and bail out if for elements '+' is not > defined... > > > Python doesn't have built-in mathematical arrays, otherwise known as > > matrices. There are modules that do that, but I haven't used them. Google > > on Numeric Python. > > Well I am aware of that but I don't understand the reasons of having > both lists (which are infect arrays) and *arrays ? *I* would rather drop > '+' and '*' to work like they do in *array ... The number of programmers who do operations on mathematical arrays is pretty small. The number of programmers who need to do things like concatenate lists is much larger. Thus, the decision was made to use the valuable operator for the more common thing. Truth be told, I rarely use + on lists (I tend to use list.extend mostly), and if + had instead been used for element-by-element operations, I don't think it would have affected the overall quality of Python too much. But, as it's been said, it's a little late to change it now. -- CARL BANKS -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: [path-PEP] Path inherits from basestring again
Reinhold Birkenfeld wrote: > I'm in no way the last instance on this. > For example, everyone with CVS access is free to change the files ;) I don't have CVS write access :(, so I'll have to keep kibitzing for now. > Honestly, I'm in constant fear that allowing too much and loading too much > features won't increase the acceptance of python-dev What do you mean by this? To me code like this: if _base is str: def __eq__(self, other): return isinstance(other, Path) and _base.__eq__(self, other) [...] else: # Unicode has no rich compare methods def __cmp__(self, other): if isinstance(other, Path): return _base.__cmp__(self, other) return NotImplemented is the feature that you do not need: the feature of not returning True. You don't need this feature, and I consider it to be harmful. It breaks duck-typing unnecessarily, and means that people who want to use some other path library, or just str/unicode as they do today cannot compare those paths against stdlib Paths. We should retain the design principle of the original path.py that Path objects should be drop-in replacements for the str or unicode objects they replace, as much as possible. We cannot predict all the things people are doing with strings today, and attempting to do so can only lead to bugs. In the current implementation, the only cases where a path object cannot be used as a drop-in replacement for a string are (a) some extension modules, and (b) code that tests the object class using type() instead of using isinstance(). I think these are unavoidable but other incompatibilities, like changing the semantics of comparisons or join() are avoidable. I've started a Wiki page for design principles and discussion here: http://wiki.python.org/moin/PathClass -- Michael Hoffman -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: [path-PEP] Path inherits from basestring again
Reinhold Birkenfeld wrote:
> Okay. While a path has its clear use cases and those don't need above methods,
> it may be that some brain-dead functions needs them.
"brain-dead"?
Consider this code, which I think is not atypical.
import sys
def _read_file(filename):
if filename == "-":
# Can use '-' to mean stdin
return sys.stdin
else:
return open(filename, "rU")
def file_sum(filename):
total = 0
for line in _read_file(filename):
total += int(line)
return total
(Actually, I would probably write it
def _read_file(file):
if isinstance(file, basestring):
if filename == "-":
# Can use '-' to mean stdin
return sys.stdin
else:
return open(filename, "rU")
return file
)
Because the current sandbox Path doesn't support
the is-equal test with strings, the above function
won't work with a filename = path.Path("-"). It
will instead raise an exception saying
IOError: [Errno 2] No such file or directory: '-'
(Yes, the code as-is can't handle a file named '-'.
The usual workaround (and there are many programs
which support '-' as an alias for stdin) is to use "./-"
% cat > './-'
This is a file
% cat ./-
This is a file
% cat -
I'm typing directly into stdin.
^D
I'm typing directly into stdin.
%
)
If I start using the path.Path then in order to use
this function my upstream code must be careful on
input to distinguish between filenames which are
really filenames and which are special-cased pseudo
filenames.
Often the code using the API doesn't even know which
names are special. Even if it is documented,
the library developer may decide in the future to
extend the list of pseudo filenames to include, say,
environment variable style expansion, as
$HOME/.config
Perhaps the library developer should have come up
with a new naming system to include both types of
file naming schemes, but that's rather overkill.
As a programmer calling the API should I convert
all my path.Path objects to strings before using it?
Or to Unicode? How do I know which filenames will
be treated specially through time?
Is there a method to turn a path.Path into the actual
string? str() and unicode() don't work because I
want the result to be unicode if the OS&Python build
support it, otherwise string.
Is that library example I mentioned "brain-dead"?
I don't think so. Instead I think you are pushing
too much for purity and making changes that will
cause problems - and hard to fix problems - with
existing libraries.
Here's an example of code from an existing library
which will break in several ways if it's passed a
path object instead of a string. It comes from
spambayes/mboxutils.py
#
This is mostly a wrapper around the various useful classes in the
standard mailbox module, to do some intelligent guessing of the
mailbox type given a mailbox argument.
+foo -- MH mailbox +foo
+foo,bar -- MH mailboxes +foo and +bar concatenated
+ALL -- a shortcut for *all* MH mailboxes
/foo/bar -- (existing file) a Unix-style mailbox
/foo/bar/ -- (existing directory) a directory full of .txt and .lorien
files
/foo/bar/ -- (existing directory with a cur/ subdirectory)
Maildir mailbox
/foo/Mail/bar/ -- (existing directory with /Mail/ in its path)
alternative way of spelling an MH mailbox
def getmbox(name):
"""Return an mbox iterator given a file/directory/folder name."""
if name == "-":
return [get_message(sys.stdin)]
if name.startswith("+"):
# MH folder name: +folder, +f1,f2,f2, or +ALL
name = name[1:]
import mhlib
mh = mhlib.MH()
if name == "ALL":
names = mh.listfolders()
elif ',' in name:
names = name.split(',')
else:
names = [name]
mboxes = []
mhpath = mh.getpath()
for name in names:
filename = os.path.join(mhpath, name)
mbox = mailbox.MHMailbox(filename, get_message)
mboxes.append(mbox)
if len(mboxes) == 1:
return iter(mboxes[0])
else:
return _cat(mboxes)
if os.path.isdir(name):
# XXX Bogus: use a Maildir if /cur is a subdirectory, else a MHMailbox
# if the pathname contains /Mail/, else a DirOfTxtFileMailbox.
if os.path.exists(os.path.join(name, 'cur')):
mbox = mailbox.Maildir(name, get_message)
elif name.find("/Mail/") >= 0:
mbox = mailbox.MHMailbox(name, get_message)
else:
mbox = DirOfTxtFileMailbox(name, get_message)
else:
fp = open(name, "rb")
mbox = mailbox.PortableUnixMailbox(fp, get_message)
return iter(mbox)
It breaks with the current sandbox path because:
- a path can't be compared to "-"
- range isn't supported, as "name = name[1:]"
note that this example uses __contains__ ("," in name)
Is this function brain-dead? Is it reasonable that people might
want to pass a path.Path
Getting the --options of configure on installed python
Hello! Is there a way to get the --options with which python was configured on a system? Thanks in advance. -- Thanos Tsouanas .: My Music: http://www.thanostsouanas.com/ http://thanos.sians.org/ .: Sians Music: http://www.sians.org/ -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Path inherits from basestring again
Reinhold Birkenfeld wrote: > Peter Hansen wrote: > > Reinhold Birkenfeld wrote: > >> One thing is still different, though: a Path instance won't compare to a > >> regular > >> string. > > > > Could you please expand on what this means? Are you referring to doing > > < and >= type operations on Paths and strings, or == and != or all those > > or something else entirely? > > All of these. Do you need them? [snip] > At the moment, I think about overriding certain string methods that make > absolutely no sense on a path and raising an exception from them. Ick. This reeks of the sort of hubris from people who think they anticipate all valid uses of something. Is it a basestring or not? If it is, then let it be a basestring. It is unreasonable to want to format a pathame for printing? We might want to retain ljust and friends. Maybe there's a filenaming scheme where files are related by having a character changed here or there. So we might want to iterate though the characters in a pathname. How do you know how people are going to use it? We're all supposed to be adults here. Let me suggest that wanting to remove all these methods/operations suggests that one doesn't really think it ought to be a basestring. The way I see it, the only compelling reason for it to be a basestring is to accommodate poorly designed functions that test whether an argument is a filename or a file object using isinstance(basestring,x) on it. But the best thing to do is fix those interfaces, and let path be what it should be, and not a hack to accommodate poor code. -- CARL BANKS -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: consistency: extending arrays vs. multiplication ?
Soeren Sonnenburg wrote:
> On Sat, 2005-07-23 at 23:35 +0200, Marc 'BlackJack' Rintsch wrote:
>>Both operate on the lists themselves and not on their contents. Quite
>>consistent if you ask me.
> But why ?? Why not have them operate on content, like is done on
> *arrays ?
Because they're lists, not arrays. What do you propose that the
following do:
[1,2,3] + [4,5,6]
[1,2] + [3,4,5]
[1,2] + [{3:4,5:6}]
dict_var_1.keys() + dict_var_2.keys()
[g(3) for g in [f1 f2 f3] + [f4 f5 f6]]
I point out that the idiom is + , not +
. Operations on lists must deal with them as lists, not lists
of any specific type.
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Re: Getting the --options of configure on installed python
look in distutils.cfg: http://www.python.org/doc/2.4.1/inst/config-syntax.html for modules compiled in, sys.builtin_module_names -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: PyGTK or wxPython (not a flame war) on Windows
Torsten Bronger wrote: > > Besides, wxPython prepares for being included > into the standard distribution. > wow, i've never heard this said so explicitly. is there a reference link backing up this statement? i really really hope this is true. i'm very much in favor to see wx included in the standard distrubution. bryan -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: return None
geon wrote: > Ximo wrote: > > Can I do a function which don't return anything? > Nothing is None, or isnt? A woodman was carrying a sack full of chopped wood on his back. His sack was heavy and filled beyond its limit. The man, bent under his bulky burden, was struggling not to drop any of the wood pieces as he walked. However, the poor man couldn't avoid tripping over a stone on the road and half of his load fell out of their precarious pile. Another man happened to be passing by and saw the mishap. `If I load those fallen pieces of wood back into your back sack, what would you give me?' he asked. `Nothing.' said the man carrying the wood. `That's acceptable.' agreed the other man. He collected all the chopped wood scattered on the road and crammed them back into the sack of the woodman. When done, he asked for his payment. The woodman was baffled. `I told you, I would give you nothing.' he said. `Yes. And that's what I want. Nothing.' said the other, `Give me my nothing!' After some quarrel, the two men decided to let the qadi solve their problem. Nasreddin Hodja was on duty at the time. He listened to both men earnestly. Then he addressed the man who was expecting his payment of nothing. `My dear fellow, could you please lift the far right corner of that rug on the floor and check what is underneath?' The man did as he was told and looked under the rug. `What do you see?' asked the Hodja. `Nothing.' said the man. 'Well, there's your payment.' said the Hodja. 'Take it and go!' -- John. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Simple Problem
I know I've seen this somewhere before, but does anyone know what the function to escape a string is? (i.e., encoding newline to "\n" and a chr(254) to "\xfe") (and visa-versa) Thanks for helping my ignorance :P -Wes -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: PyGTK or wxPython (not a flame war) on Windows
On 7/24/05, Torsten Bronger <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote: > Is PyGTK more Pythonic by the way? I had a look at wxPython > yesterday and didn't like that it has been brought into the Python > world nearly unchanged. You can see its non-Python origin clearly. > How does PyGTK feel in this respect? There are several projects that have as their goal to wrap wxPython and make it more Pythonic. IMO, the best choice now is Dabo, which is being actively developed and improved. There is also Wax, which I got interested a while ago, but it seems to be the work of a single author who only works on it when he has a personal need. I've been doing some development work in Dabo, even though I don't currently need their database integration. The UI layer is very Pythonic, and I much prefer writing code in Dabo than plain wxPython. -- # p.d. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Simple Problem
By any chance are you speaking about the function "repr" ? Cyril On 24 Jul 2005 18:14:13 -0700, ncf <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote: I know I've seen this somewhere before, but does anyone know what thefunction to escape a string is? (i.e., encoding newline to "\n" and achr(254) to "\xfe") (and visa-versa)Thanks for helping my ignorance :P -Wes--http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Simple Problem
"ncf" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> writes: > I know I've seen this somewhere before, but does anyone know what the > function to escape a string is? (i.e., encoding newline to "\n" and a > chr(254) to "\xfe") (and visa-versa) repr(s) -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Simple Problem
ncf wrote:
> I know I've seen this somewhere before, but does anyone know what the
> function to escape a string is? (i.e., encoding newline to "\n" and a
> chr(254) to "\xfe") (and visa-versa)
In [1]: s = "foo\n\xfe"
In [2]: s.encode("string_escape")
Out[2]: 'foo\\n\\xfe'
In [3]: repr(s)[1:-1]
Out[3]: 'foo\\n\\xfe'
--
Robert Kern
[EMAIL PROTECTED]
"In the fields of hell where the grass grows high
Are the graves of dreams allowed to die."
-- Richard Harter
--
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Re: Simple Problem
On 24 Jul 2005 18:14:13 -0700, ncf <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
>I know I've seen this somewhere before, but does anyone know what the
>function to escape a string is? (i.e., encoding newline to "\n" and a
>chr(254) to "\xfe") (and visa-versa)
>
>Thanks for helping my ignorance :P
Python 2.4.1 (#2, Mar 30 2005, 21:51:10)
[GCC 3.3.5 (Debian 1:3.3.5-8ubuntu2)] on linux2
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> '\n\xfe'.encode('string-escape')
'\\n\\xfe'
>>> '\\n\\xfe'.decode('string-escape')
'\n\xfe'
>>>
Introduced in Python 2.3
Jp
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Re: Simple Problem
Thank you all for your replies. The repr() solution wasn't exactly what I was looking for, as I wasn't planning on eval()ing it, but the (en|de)code solution was exactly what I was looking for. An extended thanks to Jp for informing me of the version compatibility :) Have a GREAT day :) -Wes -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: return None
Repton wrote: > 'Well, there's your payment.' said the Hodja. 'Take it and go!' +1: the koan of None "Upon hearing that, the man was enlightened." -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: what's wrong with my code using subprocess?
I see the same behavior as you do. On Windows, the wait() isn't
hanging--what's happening is that the subprocess just never receives
anything.
I don't quite understand why, but it works fine when I change the "if"
clause in receiver.py to this:
if count >= 1000:
p.communicate('exit')
p.wait()
break
Note the final break: if this isn't here, the next for iteration raises
an exception, as p.stdout has been closed by p.communicate.
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