In fairness, however, there is a natural tendency for many of those PNIs to be 
built in locations
in common with IXPs and often they start as IXP connections and with growth of 
traffic end up
migrating to PNIs for further expansion.

Owen


> On Oct 24, 2023, at 18:15, Randy Bush <ra...@psg.com> wrote:
> 
>> Believe it or not, Job, there are parts of the internet that exchange
>> traffic and move packets that are not IXPs.
> 
> in fact, measurements had shown that the majority of inter-domain
> traffic is over pnis
> 
> randy

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