michael-o commented on code in PR #615:
URL: 
https://github.com/apache/httpcomponents-client/pull/615#discussion_r1973753129


##########
httpclient5/src/main/java/org/apache/hc/client5/http/auth/KerberosCredentials.java:
##########
@@ -38,42 +36,24 @@
  *
  * @since 4.4
  *
- * @deprecated Do not use. The GGS based experimental authentication schemes 
are no longer
- * supported. Consider using Basic or Bearer authentication with TLS instead.
+ * The original KerberosCredentials class has been renamed to
+ * org.apache.hc.client5.http.auth.gss.GssCredentials for the new Mutual 
capable SPNEGO Scheme.

Review Comment:
   "The original KerberosCredentials class has been renamed to 
org.apache.hc.client5.http.auth.gss.GssCredentials" is enough.



##########
httpclient5/src/main/java/org/apache/hc/client5/http/auth/gss/GssConfig.java:
##########
@@ -0,0 +1,163 @@
+/*
+ * ====================================================================
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information
+ * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+ * software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+ * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+ * KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+ * specific language governing permissions and limitations
+ * under the License.
+ * ====================================================================
+ *
+ * This software consists of voluntary contributions made by many
+ * individuals on behalf of the Apache Software Foundation.  For more
+ * information on the Apache Software Foundation, please see
+ * <http://www.apache.org/>.
+ *
+ */
+
+package org.apache.hc.client5.http.auth.gss;
+
+import org.apache.hc.core5.annotation.Contract;
+import org.apache.hc.core5.annotation.ThreadingBehavior;
+
+/**
+ * Immutable class encapsulating Kerberos configuration options for the new 
mutual auth capable

Review Comment:
   "Immutable class encapsulating GSS configuration options" because it can 
apply to any mechanism.



##########
httpclient5/src/main/java/org/apache/hc/client5/http/impl/auth/gss/GssSchemeBase.java:
##########
@@ -0,0 +1,366 @@
+/*
+ * ====================================================================
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information
+ * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+ * software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+ * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+ * KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+ * specific language governing permissions and limitations
+ * under the License.
+ * ====================================================================
+ *
+ * This software consists of voluntary contributions made by many
+ * individuals on behalf of the Apache Software Foundation.  For more
+ * information on the Apache Software Foundation, please see
+ * <http://www.apache.org/>.
+ *
+ */
+package org.apache.hc.client5.http.impl.auth.gss;
+
+import java.net.UnknownHostException;
+import java.security.Principal;
+
+import org.apache.hc.client5.http.DnsResolver;
+import org.apache.hc.client5.http.SystemDefaultDnsResolver;
+import org.apache.hc.client5.http.auth.AuthChallenge;
+import org.apache.hc.client5.http.auth.AuthScheme;
+import org.apache.hc.client5.http.auth.AuthScope;
+import org.apache.hc.client5.http.auth.AuthenticationException;
+import org.apache.hc.client5.http.auth.Credentials;
+import org.apache.hc.client5.http.auth.CredentialsProvider;
+import org.apache.hc.client5.http.auth.InvalidCredentialsException;
+import org.apache.hc.client5.http.auth.StandardAuthScheme;
+import org.apache.hc.client5.http.auth.gss.GssConfig;
+import org.apache.hc.client5.http.protocol.HttpClientContext;
+import org.apache.hc.client5.http.utils.Base64;
+import org.apache.hc.core5.http.HttpHost;
+import org.apache.hc.core5.http.HttpRequest;
+import org.apache.hc.core5.http.protocol.HttpContext;
+import org.apache.hc.core5.util.Args;
+import org.ietf.jgss.GSSContext;
+import org.ietf.jgss.GSSCredential;
+import org.ietf.jgss.GSSException;
+import org.ietf.jgss.GSSManager;
+import org.ietf.jgss.GSSName;
+import org.ietf.jgss.Oid;
+import org.slf4j.Logger;
+import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
+
+/**
+ * Common behaviour for the new mutual authentication capable {@code GSS} 
based authentication
+ * schemes.
+ *
+ * This class is derived from the old {@link 
org.apache.hc.client5.http.impl.auth.GGSSchemeBase}
+ * class, which was deprecated in 5.3.
+ *
+ * @since 5.5
+ *
+ * @see GGSSchemeBase
+ */
+public abstract class GssSchemeBase implements AuthScheme {
+
+    enum State {
+        UNINITIATED,
+        TOKEN_READY,
+        TOKEN_SENT,
+        SUCCEEDED,
+        FAILED,
+    }
+
+    private static final Logger LOG = 
LoggerFactory.getLogger(GssSchemeBase.class);
+    private static final String NO_TOKEN = "";
+    private static final String KERBEROS_SCHEME = "HTTP";

Review Comment:
   This is a service name, see 
https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/win32/ad/name-formats-for-unique-spns 
or just service https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc2743#page-85 nothing 
service specific since GSS-API delegates to the mechanism to canonicalize 
according to mech rules.



##########
httpclient5/src/main/java/org/apache/hc/client5/http/impl/auth/gss/GssSchemeBase.java:
##########
@@ -0,0 +1,366 @@
+/*
+ * ====================================================================
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information
+ * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+ * software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+ * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+ * KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+ * specific language governing permissions and limitations
+ * under the License.
+ * ====================================================================
+ *
+ * This software consists of voluntary contributions made by many
+ * individuals on behalf of the Apache Software Foundation.  For more
+ * information on the Apache Software Foundation, please see
+ * <http://www.apache.org/>.
+ *
+ */
+package org.apache.hc.client5.http.impl.auth.gss;
+
+import java.net.UnknownHostException;
+import java.security.Principal;
+
+import org.apache.hc.client5.http.DnsResolver;
+import org.apache.hc.client5.http.SystemDefaultDnsResolver;
+import org.apache.hc.client5.http.auth.AuthChallenge;
+import org.apache.hc.client5.http.auth.AuthScheme;
+import org.apache.hc.client5.http.auth.AuthScope;
+import org.apache.hc.client5.http.auth.AuthenticationException;
+import org.apache.hc.client5.http.auth.Credentials;
+import org.apache.hc.client5.http.auth.CredentialsProvider;
+import org.apache.hc.client5.http.auth.InvalidCredentialsException;
+import org.apache.hc.client5.http.auth.StandardAuthScheme;
+import org.apache.hc.client5.http.auth.gss.GssConfig;
+import org.apache.hc.client5.http.protocol.HttpClientContext;
+import org.apache.hc.client5.http.utils.Base64;
+import org.apache.hc.core5.http.HttpHost;
+import org.apache.hc.core5.http.HttpRequest;
+import org.apache.hc.core5.http.protocol.HttpContext;
+import org.apache.hc.core5.util.Args;
+import org.ietf.jgss.GSSContext;
+import org.ietf.jgss.GSSCredential;
+import org.ietf.jgss.GSSException;
+import org.ietf.jgss.GSSManager;
+import org.ietf.jgss.GSSName;
+import org.ietf.jgss.Oid;
+import org.slf4j.Logger;
+import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
+
+/**
+ * Common behaviour for the new mutual authentication capable {@code GSS} 
based authentication
+ * schemes.
+ *
+ * This class is derived from the old {@link 
org.apache.hc.client5.http.impl.auth.GGSSchemeBase}
+ * class, which was deprecated in 5.3.
+ *
+ * @since 5.5
+ *
+ * @see GGSSchemeBase
+ */
+public abstract class GssSchemeBase implements AuthScheme {
+
+    enum State {
+        UNINITIATED,
+        TOKEN_READY,
+        TOKEN_SENT,
+        SUCCEEDED,
+        FAILED,
+    }
+
+    private static final Logger LOG = 
LoggerFactory.getLogger(GssSchemeBase.class);
+    private static final String NO_TOKEN = "";
+    private static final String KERBEROS_SCHEME = "HTTP";
+
+    // The GSS spec does not specify how long the conversation can be. This 
should be plenty.
+    // Realistically, we get one initial token, then one maybe one more for 
mutual authentication.
+    private static final int MAX_GSS_CHALLENGES = 3;
+    private final GssConfig config;
+    private final DnsResolver dnsResolver;
+    private final boolean mutualAuth;
+    private int challengesLeft = MAX_GSS_CHALLENGES;
+
+    /** Authentication process state */
+    private State state;
+    private GSSCredential gssCredential;
+    private GSSContext gssContext;
+    private String challenge;
+    private byte[] queuedToken = new byte[0];
+
+    GssSchemeBase(final GssConfig config, final DnsResolver dnsResolver) {
+        super();
+        this.config = config != null ? config : GssConfig.DEFAULT;
+        this.dnsResolver = dnsResolver != null ? dnsResolver : 
SystemDefaultDnsResolver.INSTANCE;
+        this.mutualAuth = config.isRequestMutualAuth();
+        this.state = State.UNINITIATED;
+    }
+
+    GssSchemeBase(final GssConfig config) {
+        this(config, SystemDefaultDnsResolver.INSTANCE);
+    }
+
+    GssSchemeBase() {
+        this(GssConfig.DEFAULT, SystemDefaultDnsResolver.INSTANCE);
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public String getRealm() {
+        return null;
+    }
+
+    // Required by AuthScheme for backwards compatibility
+    @Override
+    public void processChallenge(final AuthChallenge authChallenge,
+            final HttpContext context ) {
+        // If this gets called, then AuthScheme was changed in an incompatible 
way
+        throw new UnsupportedOperationException();
+    }
+
+    // The AuthScheme API maps awkwardly to GSSAPI, where proccessChallange 
and generateAuthResponse
+    // map to the same single method call. Hence the generated token is only 
stored in this method.
+    @Override
+    public void processChallenge(
+            final HttpHost host,
+            final boolean challenged,
+            final AuthChallenge authChallenge,
+            final HttpContext context
+            ) throws AuthenticationException {
+
+        if (challengesLeft-- <= 0 ) {
+            if (LOG.isDebugEnabled()) {
+                final HttpClientContext clientContext = 
HttpClientContext.cast(context);
+                final String exchangeId = clientContext.getExchangeId();
+                LOG.debug("{} GSS error: too many challenges received. 
Infinite loop ?", exchangeId);
+            }
+            // TODO: Should we throw an exception ? There is a test for this 
behaviour.
+            state = State.FAILED;
+            return;
+        }
+
+        final byte[] challengeToken = Base64.decodeBase64(authChallenge == 
null ? null : authChallenge.getValue());
+
+        final String gssHostname;
+        String hostname = host.getHostName();
+        if (config.isUseCanonicalHostname()) {
+            try {
+                 hostname = 
dnsResolver.resolveCanonicalHostname(host.getHostName());
+            } catch (final UnknownHostException ignore) {
+            }

Review Comment:
   Is the swalling expected? or log at least?



##########
httpclient5/src/main/java/org/apache/hc/client5/http/auth/KerberosConfig.java:
##########
@@ -35,9 +35,12 @@
  *
  *  @since 4.6
  *
- * @deprecated Do not use. The GGS based experimental authentication schemes 
are no longer
- * supported. Consider using Basic or Bearer authentication with TLS instead.
- *
+ * @deprecated Do not use. The old GGS based experimental authentication 
schemes are no longer
+ * supported.
+ * Use org.apache.hc.client5.http.impl.auth.gss.SpnegoScheme, or consider 
using Basic or Bearer

Review Comment:
   I'd drop the second sentence since we have a `@see` for this.



##########
httpclient5/src/main/java/org/apache/hc/client5/http/auth/gss/GssConfig.java:
##########
@@ -0,0 +1,163 @@
+/*
+ * ====================================================================
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information
+ * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+ * software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+ * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+ * KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+ * specific language governing permissions and limitations
+ * under the License.
+ * ====================================================================
+ *
+ * This software consists of voluntary contributions made by many
+ * individuals on behalf of the Apache Software Foundation.  For more
+ * information on the Apache Software Foundation, please see
+ * <http://www.apache.org/>.
+ *
+ */
+
+package org.apache.hc.client5.http.auth.gss;
+
+import org.apache.hc.core5.annotation.Contract;
+import org.apache.hc.core5.annotation.ThreadingBehavior;
+
+/**
+ * Immutable class encapsulating Kerberos configuration options for the new 
mutual auth capable
+ * SpnegoScheme.
+ *
+ * Unlike the deprecated {@link KerberosConfig}, this class uses explicit 
defaults, and
+ * primitive booleans.
+ *
+ * Compared to {@link KerberosConfig} stripPort has been changed toAddPort, 
and the default is now
+ * false (same effect). The default for useCanonicalHostname has been changed 
to false from true.
+ *
+ * @since 5.5
+ *
+ */
+@Contract(threading = ThreadingBehavior.IMMUTABLE)
+public class GssConfig implements Cloneable {
+
+
+    public static final GssConfig DEFAULT = new Builder().build();
+
+    private final boolean addPort;
+    private final boolean useCanonicalHostname;
+    private final boolean requestMutualAuth;
+    private final boolean requestDelegCreds;
+
+    /**
+     * Intended for CDI compatibility
+    */
+    protected GssConfig() {
+        this(false, false, true, false);
+    }
+
+    GssConfig(
+            final boolean stripPort,

Review Comment:
   `addPort`



##########
httpclient5/src/main/java/org/apache/hc/client5/http/auth/gss/GssCredentials.java:
##########
@@ -0,0 +1,74 @@
+/*
+ * ====================================================================
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information
+ * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+ * software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+ * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+ * KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+ * specific language governing permissions and limitations
+ * under the License.
+ * ====================================================================
+ *
+ * This software consists of voluntary contributions made by many
+ * individuals on behalf of the Apache Software Foundation.  For more
+ * information on the Apache Software Foundation, please see
+ * <http://www.apache.org/>.
+ *
+ */
+package org.apache.hc.client5.http.auth.gss;
+
+import java.io.Serializable;
+import java.security.Principal;
+
+import org.apache.hc.client5.http.auth.Credentials;
+import org.apache.hc.core5.annotation.Contract;
+import org.apache.hc.core5.annotation.ThreadingBehavior;
+import org.ietf.jgss.GSSCredential;
+
+/**
+ * Kerberos specific {@link Credentials} representation based on {@link 
GSSCredential}.

Review Comment:
   GSS, not Kerberos



##########
httpclient5/src/main/java/org/apache/hc/client5/http/auth/gss/GssConfig.java:
##########
@@ -0,0 +1,163 @@
+/*
+ * ====================================================================
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information
+ * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+ * software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+ * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+ * KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+ * specific language governing permissions and limitations
+ * under the License.
+ * ====================================================================
+ *
+ * This software consists of voluntary contributions made by many
+ * individuals on behalf of the Apache Software Foundation.  For more
+ * information on the Apache Software Foundation, please see
+ * <http://www.apache.org/>.
+ *
+ */
+
+package org.apache.hc.client5.http.auth.gss;
+
+import org.apache.hc.core5.annotation.Contract;
+import org.apache.hc.core5.annotation.ThreadingBehavior;
+
+/**
+ * Immutable class encapsulating Kerberos configuration options for the new 
mutual auth capable
+ * SpnegoScheme.
+ *
+ * Unlike the deprecated {@link KerberosConfig}, this class uses explicit 
defaults, and
+ * primitive booleans.
+ *
+ * Compared to {@link KerberosConfig} stripPort has been changed toAddPort, 
and the default is now

Review Comment:
   There is no `toAddPort()` method please fix.



##########
httpclient5/src/main/java/org/apache/hc/client5/http/impl/auth/gss/GssSchemeBase.java:
##########
@@ -0,0 +1,366 @@
+/*
+ * ====================================================================
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information
+ * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+ * software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+ * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+ * KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+ * specific language governing permissions and limitations
+ * under the License.
+ * ====================================================================
+ *
+ * This software consists of voluntary contributions made by many
+ * individuals on behalf of the Apache Software Foundation.  For more
+ * information on the Apache Software Foundation, please see
+ * <http://www.apache.org/>.
+ *
+ */
+package org.apache.hc.client5.http.impl.auth.gss;
+
+import java.net.UnknownHostException;
+import java.security.Principal;
+
+import org.apache.hc.client5.http.DnsResolver;
+import org.apache.hc.client5.http.SystemDefaultDnsResolver;
+import org.apache.hc.client5.http.auth.AuthChallenge;
+import org.apache.hc.client5.http.auth.AuthScheme;
+import org.apache.hc.client5.http.auth.AuthScope;
+import org.apache.hc.client5.http.auth.AuthenticationException;
+import org.apache.hc.client5.http.auth.Credentials;
+import org.apache.hc.client5.http.auth.CredentialsProvider;
+import org.apache.hc.client5.http.auth.InvalidCredentialsException;
+import org.apache.hc.client5.http.auth.StandardAuthScheme;
+import org.apache.hc.client5.http.auth.gss.GssConfig;
+import org.apache.hc.client5.http.protocol.HttpClientContext;
+import org.apache.hc.client5.http.utils.Base64;
+import org.apache.hc.core5.http.HttpHost;
+import org.apache.hc.core5.http.HttpRequest;
+import org.apache.hc.core5.http.protocol.HttpContext;
+import org.apache.hc.core5.util.Args;
+import org.ietf.jgss.GSSContext;
+import org.ietf.jgss.GSSCredential;
+import org.ietf.jgss.GSSException;
+import org.ietf.jgss.GSSManager;
+import org.ietf.jgss.GSSName;
+import org.ietf.jgss.Oid;
+import org.slf4j.Logger;
+import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
+
+/**
+ * Common behaviour for the new mutual authentication capable {@code GSS} 
based authentication
+ * schemes.
+ *
+ * This class is derived from the old {@link 
org.apache.hc.client5.http.impl.auth.GGSSchemeBase}
+ * class, which was deprecated in 5.3.
+ *
+ * @since 5.5
+ *
+ * @see GGSSchemeBase
+ */
+public abstract class GssSchemeBase implements AuthScheme {
+
+    enum State {
+        UNINITIATED,
+        TOKEN_READY,
+        TOKEN_SENT,
+        SUCCEEDED,
+        FAILED,
+    }
+
+    private static final Logger LOG = 
LoggerFactory.getLogger(GssSchemeBase.class);
+    private static final String NO_TOKEN = "";
+    private static final String KERBEROS_SCHEME = "HTTP";
+
+    // The GSS spec does not specify how long the conversation can be. This 
should be plenty.
+    // Realistically, we get one initial token, then one maybe one more for 
mutual authentication.
+    private static final int MAX_GSS_CHALLENGES = 3;

Review Comment:
   Maybe a TODO in the future that this might need to be configurable with the 
upcoming IAKerb support in Windows and Java might get it as well.



##########
httpclient5/src/main/java/org/apache/hc/client5/http/impl/auth/gss/GssSchemeBase.java:
##########
@@ -0,0 +1,366 @@
+/*
+ * ====================================================================
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information
+ * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+ * software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+ * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+ * KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+ * specific language governing permissions and limitations
+ * under the License.
+ * ====================================================================
+ *
+ * This software consists of voluntary contributions made by many
+ * individuals on behalf of the Apache Software Foundation.  For more
+ * information on the Apache Software Foundation, please see
+ * <http://www.apache.org/>.
+ *
+ */
+package org.apache.hc.client5.http.impl.auth.gss;
+
+import java.net.UnknownHostException;
+import java.security.Principal;
+
+import org.apache.hc.client5.http.DnsResolver;
+import org.apache.hc.client5.http.SystemDefaultDnsResolver;
+import org.apache.hc.client5.http.auth.AuthChallenge;
+import org.apache.hc.client5.http.auth.AuthScheme;
+import org.apache.hc.client5.http.auth.AuthScope;
+import org.apache.hc.client5.http.auth.AuthenticationException;
+import org.apache.hc.client5.http.auth.Credentials;
+import org.apache.hc.client5.http.auth.CredentialsProvider;
+import org.apache.hc.client5.http.auth.InvalidCredentialsException;
+import org.apache.hc.client5.http.auth.StandardAuthScheme;
+import org.apache.hc.client5.http.auth.gss.GssConfig;
+import org.apache.hc.client5.http.protocol.HttpClientContext;
+import org.apache.hc.client5.http.utils.Base64;
+import org.apache.hc.core5.http.HttpHost;
+import org.apache.hc.core5.http.HttpRequest;
+import org.apache.hc.core5.http.protocol.HttpContext;
+import org.apache.hc.core5.util.Args;
+import org.ietf.jgss.GSSContext;
+import org.ietf.jgss.GSSCredential;
+import org.ietf.jgss.GSSException;
+import org.ietf.jgss.GSSManager;
+import org.ietf.jgss.GSSName;
+import org.ietf.jgss.Oid;
+import org.slf4j.Logger;
+import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
+
+/**
+ * Common behaviour for the new mutual authentication capable {@code GSS} 
based authentication

Review Comment:
   It would make it even simple, whether mutual auth happens depens on many 
factors, we cannot guarantee this;
   Base class for GSS-based authentication schemes.



##########
httpclient5/src/main/java/org/apache/hc/client5/http/impl/auth/gss/GssSchemeBase.java:
##########
@@ -0,0 +1,366 @@
+/*
+ * ====================================================================
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information
+ * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+ * software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+ * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+ * KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+ * specific language governing permissions and limitations
+ * under the License.
+ * ====================================================================
+ *
+ * This software consists of voluntary contributions made by many
+ * individuals on behalf of the Apache Software Foundation.  For more
+ * information on the Apache Software Foundation, please see
+ * <http://www.apache.org/>.
+ *
+ */
+package org.apache.hc.client5.http.impl.auth.gss;
+
+import java.net.UnknownHostException;
+import java.security.Principal;
+
+import org.apache.hc.client5.http.DnsResolver;
+import org.apache.hc.client5.http.SystemDefaultDnsResolver;
+import org.apache.hc.client5.http.auth.AuthChallenge;
+import org.apache.hc.client5.http.auth.AuthScheme;
+import org.apache.hc.client5.http.auth.AuthScope;
+import org.apache.hc.client5.http.auth.AuthenticationException;
+import org.apache.hc.client5.http.auth.Credentials;
+import org.apache.hc.client5.http.auth.CredentialsProvider;
+import org.apache.hc.client5.http.auth.InvalidCredentialsException;
+import org.apache.hc.client5.http.auth.StandardAuthScheme;
+import org.apache.hc.client5.http.auth.gss.GssConfig;
+import org.apache.hc.client5.http.protocol.HttpClientContext;
+import org.apache.hc.client5.http.utils.Base64;
+import org.apache.hc.core5.http.HttpHost;
+import org.apache.hc.core5.http.HttpRequest;
+import org.apache.hc.core5.http.protocol.HttpContext;
+import org.apache.hc.core5.util.Args;
+import org.ietf.jgss.GSSContext;
+import org.ietf.jgss.GSSCredential;
+import org.ietf.jgss.GSSException;
+import org.ietf.jgss.GSSManager;
+import org.ietf.jgss.GSSName;
+import org.ietf.jgss.Oid;
+import org.slf4j.Logger;
+import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
+
+/**
+ * Common behaviour for the new mutual authentication capable {@code GSS} 
based authentication
+ * schemes.
+ *
+ * This class is derived from the old {@link 
org.apache.hc.client5.http.impl.auth.GGSSchemeBase}
+ * class, which was deprecated in 5.3.
+ *
+ * @since 5.5
+ *
+ * @see GGSSchemeBase
+ */
+public abstract class GssSchemeBase implements AuthScheme {
+
+    enum State {
+        UNINITIATED,
+        TOKEN_READY,
+        TOKEN_SENT,
+        SUCCEEDED,
+        FAILED,
+    }
+
+    private static final Logger LOG = 
LoggerFactory.getLogger(GssSchemeBase.class);
+    private static final String NO_TOKEN = "";
+    private static final String KERBEROS_SCHEME = "HTTP";
+
+    // The GSS spec does not specify how long the conversation can be. This 
should be plenty.
+    // Realistically, we get one initial token, then one maybe one more for 
mutual authentication.
+    private static final int MAX_GSS_CHALLENGES = 3;
+    private final GssConfig config;
+    private final DnsResolver dnsResolver;
+    private final boolean mutualAuth;
+    private int challengesLeft = MAX_GSS_CHALLENGES;
+
+    /** Authentication process state */
+    private State state;
+    private GSSCredential gssCredential;
+    private GSSContext gssContext;
+    private String challenge;
+    private byte[] queuedToken = new byte[0];
+
+    GssSchemeBase(final GssConfig config, final DnsResolver dnsResolver) {
+        super();
+        this.config = config != null ? config : GssConfig.DEFAULT;
+        this.dnsResolver = dnsResolver != null ? dnsResolver : 
SystemDefaultDnsResolver.INSTANCE;
+        this.mutualAuth = config.isRequestMutualAuth();
+        this.state = State.UNINITIATED;
+    }
+
+    GssSchemeBase(final GssConfig config) {
+        this(config, SystemDefaultDnsResolver.INSTANCE);
+    }
+
+    GssSchemeBase() {
+        this(GssConfig.DEFAULT, SystemDefaultDnsResolver.INSTANCE);
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public String getRealm() {
+        return null;
+    }
+
+    // Required by AuthScheme for backwards compatibility
+    @Override
+    public void processChallenge(final AuthChallenge authChallenge,
+            final HttpContext context ) {
+        // If this gets called, then AuthScheme was changed in an incompatible 
way
+        throw new UnsupportedOperationException();
+    }
+
+    // The AuthScheme API maps awkwardly to GSSAPI, where proccessChallange 
and generateAuthResponse
+    // map to the same single method call. Hence the generated token is only 
stored in this method.
+    @Override
+    public void processChallenge(
+            final HttpHost host,
+            final boolean challenged,
+            final AuthChallenge authChallenge,
+            final HttpContext context
+            ) throws AuthenticationException {
+
+        if (challengesLeft-- <= 0 ) {
+            if (LOG.isDebugEnabled()) {
+                final HttpClientContext clientContext = 
HttpClientContext.cast(context);
+                final String exchangeId = clientContext.getExchangeId();
+                LOG.debug("{} GSS error: too many challenges received. 
Infinite loop ?", exchangeId);
+            }
+            // TODO: Should we throw an exception ? There is a test for this 
behaviour.
+            state = State.FAILED;
+            return;
+        }
+
+        final byte[] challengeToken = Base64.decodeBase64(authChallenge == 
null ? null : authChallenge.getValue());
+
+        final String gssHostname;
+        String hostname = host.getHostName();
+        if (config.isUseCanonicalHostname()) {
+            try {
+                 hostname = 
dnsResolver.resolveCanonicalHostname(host.getHostName());
+            } catch (final UnknownHostException ignore) {
+            }
+        }
+        if (config.isAddPort()) {
+            gssHostname = hostname + ":" + host.getPort();
+        } else {
+            gssHostname = hostname;
+        }
+
+        if (LOG.isDebugEnabled()) {
+            final HttpClientContext clientContext = 
HttpClientContext.cast(context);
+            final String exchangeId = clientContext.getExchangeId();
+            LOG.debug("{} GSS init {}", exchangeId, gssHostname);
+        }
+        try {
+            
setGssCredential(HttpClientContext.cast(context).getCredentialsProvider(), 
host, context);
+            queuedToken = generateToken(challengeToken, KERBEROS_SCHEME, 
gssHostname);
+            switch (state) {
+            case UNINITIATED:
+                if (challenge != NO_TOKEN) {

Review Comment:
   String and `""`? Why not work with `null`?



##########
httpclient5/src/main/java/org/apache/hc/client5/http/impl/auth/gss/SpnegoScheme.java:
##########
@@ -0,0 +1,113 @@
+/*
+ * ====================================================================
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information
+ * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+ * software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+ * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+ * KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+ * specific language governing permissions and limitations
+ * under the License.
+ * ====================================================================
+ *
+ * This software consists of voluntary contributions made by many
+ * individuals on behalf of the Apache Software Foundation.  For more
+ * information on the Apache Software Foundation, please see
+ * <http://www.apache.org/>.
+ *
+ */
+package org.apache.hc.client5.http.impl.auth.gss;
+
+import org.apache.hc.client5.http.AuthenticationStrategy;
+import org.apache.hc.client5.http.DnsResolver;
+import org.apache.hc.client5.http.auth.StandardAuthScheme;
+import org.apache.hc.client5.http.impl.auth.SPNegoScheme;
+import org.ietf.jgss.GSSException;
+import org.ietf.jgss.Oid;
+
+/**
+ * SPNEGO (Simple and Protected GSSAPI Negotiation Mechanism) authentication
+ * scheme.
+ * <p>
+ * This is the new mutual authentication capable Scheme which replaces the old 
deprecated non mutual
+ * authentication capable {@link SPNegoScheme}
+ * </p>
+ *
+ * <p>
+ * Note that this scheme is not enabled by default. To use it, you need create 
a custom
+ * {@link AuthenticationStrategy} and a custom
+ * {@link org.apache.hc.client5.http.auth.AuthSchemeFactory}
+ * {@link org.apache.hc.core5.http.config.Registry},
+ * and set them on the HttpClientBuilder.
+ * </p>
+ *
+ * <pre>
+ * {@code
+ * private static class SpnegoAuthenticationStrategy extends 
DefaultAuthenticationStrategy {
+ *   private static final List<String> SPNEGO_SCHEME_PRIORITY =
+ *       Collections.unmodifiableList(
+ *           Arrays.asList(StandardAuthScheme.SPNEGO
+ *           // Add other Schemes as needed
+ *           );
+ *
+ *   protected final List<String> getSchemePriority() {
+ *     return SPNEGO_SCHEME_PRIORITY;
+ *   }
+ * }
+ *
+ * AuthenticationStrategy spnegoStrategy = new SpnegoAuthenticationStrategy();
+ *
+ * AuthSchemeFactory spnegoFactory = new SpnegoSchemeFactory();
+ * Registry<AuthSchemeFactory> mutualSchemeRegistry = 
RegistryBuilder.<AuthSchemeFactory>create()
+ *     .register(StandardAuthScheme.SPNEGO, spnegoFactory)
+ *     //register other schemes as needed
+ *     .build();
+ *
+ * CloseableHttpClient mutualClient = HttpClientBuilder.create()
+ *    .setTargetAuthenticationStrategy(spnegoStrategy);
+ *    .setDefaultAuthSchemeRegistry(spnegoSchemeRegistry);
+ *    .build();
+ * }
+ * </pre>
+ *
+ * @since 5.5
+ */
+public class SpnegoScheme extends GssSchemeBase {
+
+    private static final String SPNEGO_OID = "1.3.6.1.5.5.2";
+
+    /**
+     * @since 5.0
+     */
+    public SpnegoScheme(final org.apache.hc.client5.http.auth.gss.GssConfig 
config, final DnsResolver dnsResolver) {
+        super(config, dnsResolver);
+    }
+
+    public SpnegoScheme() {
+        super();
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public String getName() {
+        return StandardAuthScheme.SPNEGO;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    protected byte[] generateToken(final byte[] input, final String 
gssServiceName, final String gssHostname) throws GSSException {
+        return generateGSSToken(input, new Oid(SPNEGO_OID), gssServiceName, 
gssHostname);

Review Comment:
   Why not initialize this is a `static{}` block once instead doing over and 
over again like in 
https://github.com/michael-o/tomcatspnegoad/blob/e2d95c6708b7ae726acf882ba680534fa5ec8dcc/tomcat90/src/main/java/net/sf/michaelo/tomcat/authenticator/GSSAuthenticatorBase.java#L43-L55



##########
httpclient5/src/main/java/org/apache/hc/client5/http/impl/auth/gss/GssSchemeBase.java:
##########
@@ -0,0 +1,366 @@
+/*
+ * ====================================================================
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information
+ * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+ * software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+ * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+ * KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+ * specific language governing permissions and limitations
+ * under the License.
+ * ====================================================================
+ *
+ * This software consists of voluntary contributions made by many
+ * individuals on behalf of the Apache Software Foundation.  For more
+ * information on the Apache Software Foundation, please see
+ * <http://www.apache.org/>.
+ *
+ */
+package org.apache.hc.client5.http.impl.auth.gss;
+
+import java.net.UnknownHostException;
+import java.security.Principal;
+
+import org.apache.hc.client5.http.DnsResolver;
+import org.apache.hc.client5.http.SystemDefaultDnsResolver;
+import org.apache.hc.client5.http.auth.AuthChallenge;
+import org.apache.hc.client5.http.auth.AuthScheme;
+import org.apache.hc.client5.http.auth.AuthScope;
+import org.apache.hc.client5.http.auth.AuthenticationException;
+import org.apache.hc.client5.http.auth.Credentials;
+import org.apache.hc.client5.http.auth.CredentialsProvider;
+import org.apache.hc.client5.http.auth.InvalidCredentialsException;
+import org.apache.hc.client5.http.auth.StandardAuthScheme;
+import org.apache.hc.client5.http.auth.gss.GssConfig;
+import org.apache.hc.client5.http.protocol.HttpClientContext;
+import org.apache.hc.client5.http.utils.Base64;
+import org.apache.hc.core5.http.HttpHost;
+import org.apache.hc.core5.http.HttpRequest;
+import org.apache.hc.core5.http.protocol.HttpContext;
+import org.apache.hc.core5.util.Args;
+import org.ietf.jgss.GSSContext;
+import org.ietf.jgss.GSSCredential;
+import org.ietf.jgss.GSSException;
+import org.ietf.jgss.GSSManager;
+import org.ietf.jgss.GSSName;
+import org.ietf.jgss.Oid;
+import org.slf4j.Logger;
+import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
+
+/**
+ * Common behaviour for the new mutual authentication capable {@code GSS} 
based authentication
+ * schemes.
+ *
+ * This class is derived from the old {@link 
org.apache.hc.client5.http.impl.auth.GGSSchemeBase}
+ * class, which was deprecated in 5.3.
+ *
+ * @since 5.5
+ *
+ * @see GGSSchemeBase
+ */
+public abstract class GssSchemeBase implements AuthScheme {
+
+    enum State {
+        UNINITIATED,
+        TOKEN_READY,
+        TOKEN_SENT,
+        SUCCEEDED,
+        FAILED,
+    }
+
+    private static final Logger LOG = 
LoggerFactory.getLogger(GssSchemeBase.class);
+    private static final String NO_TOKEN = "";

Review Comment:
   why not null?



##########
httpclient5/src/main/java/org/apache/hc/client5/http/impl/auth/gss/GssSchemeBase.java:
##########
@@ -0,0 +1,366 @@
+/*
+ * ====================================================================
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information
+ * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+ * software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+ * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+ * KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+ * specific language governing permissions and limitations
+ * under the License.
+ * ====================================================================
+ *
+ * This software consists of voluntary contributions made by many
+ * individuals on behalf of the Apache Software Foundation.  For more
+ * information on the Apache Software Foundation, please see
+ * <http://www.apache.org/>.
+ *
+ */
+package org.apache.hc.client5.http.impl.auth.gss;
+
+import java.net.UnknownHostException;
+import java.security.Principal;
+
+import org.apache.hc.client5.http.DnsResolver;
+import org.apache.hc.client5.http.SystemDefaultDnsResolver;
+import org.apache.hc.client5.http.auth.AuthChallenge;
+import org.apache.hc.client5.http.auth.AuthScheme;
+import org.apache.hc.client5.http.auth.AuthScope;
+import org.apache.hc.client5.http.auth.AuthenticationException;
+import org.apache.hc.client5.http.auth.Credentials;
+import org.apache.hc.client5.http.auth.CredentialsProvider;
+import org.apache.hc.client5.http.auth.InvalidCredentialsException;
+import org.apache.hc.client5.http.auth.StandardAuthScheme;
+import org.apache.hc.client5.http.auth.gss.GssConfig;
+import org.apache.hc.client5.http.protocol.HttpClientContext;
+import org.apache.hc.client5.http.utils.Base64;
+import org.apache.hc.core5.http.HttpHost;
+import org.apache.hc.core5.http.HttpRequest;
+import org.apache.hc.core5.http.protocol.HttpContext;
+import org.apache.hc.core5.util.Args;
+import org.ietf.jgss.GSSContext;
+import org.ietf.jgss.GSSCredential;
+import org.ietf.jgss.GSSException;
+import org.ietf.jgss.GSSManager;
+import org.ietf.jgss.GSSName;
+import org.ietf.jgss.Oid;
+import org.slf4j.Logger;
+import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
+
+/**
+ * Common behaviour for the new mutual authentication capable {@code GSS} 
based authentication
+ * schemes.
+ *
+ * This class is derived from the old {@link 
org.apache.hc.client5.http.impl.auth.GGSSchemeBase}
+ * class, which was deprecated in 5.3.
+ *
+ * @since 5.5
+ *
+ * @see GGSSchemeBase
+ */
+public abstract class GssSchemeBase implements AuthScheme {
+
+    enum State {
+        UNINITIATED,
+        TOKEN_READY,
+        TOKEN_SENT,
+        SUCCEEDED,
+        FAILED,
+    }
+
+    private static final Logger LOG = 
LoggerFactory.getLogger(GssSchemeBase.class);
+    private static final String NO_TOKEN = "";
+    private static final String KERBEROS_SCHEME = "HTTP";
+
+    // The GSS spec does not specify how long the conversation can be. This 
should be plenty.
+    // Realistically, we get one initial token, then one maybe one more for 
mutual authentication.
+    private static final int MAX_GSS_CHALLENGES = 3;
+    private final GssConfig config;
+    private final DnsResolver dnsResolver;
+    private final boolean mutualAuth;
+    private int challengesLeft = MAX_GSS_CHALLENGES;
+
+    /** Authentication process state */
+    private State state;
+    private GSSCredential gssCredential;
+    private GSSContext gssContext;
+    private String challenge;
+    private byte[] queuedToken = new byte[0];
+
+    GssSchemeBase(final GssConfig config, final DnsResolver dnsResolver) {
+        super();
+        this.config = config != null ? config : GssConfig.DEFAULT;
+        this.dnsResolver = dnsResolver != null ? dnsResolver : 
SystemDefaultDnsResolver.INSTANCE;
+        this.mutualAuth = config.isRequestMutualAuth();
+        this.state = State.UNINITIATED;
+    }
+
+    GssSchemeBase(final GssConfig config) {
+        this(config, SystemDefaultDnsResolver.INSTANCE);
+    }
+
+    GssSchemeBase() {
+        this(GssConfig.DEFAULT, SystemDefaultDnsResolver.INSTANCE);
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public String getRealm() {
+        return null;
+    }
+
+    // Required by AuthScheme for backwards compatibility
+    @Override
+    public void processChallenge(final AuthChallenge authChallenge,
+            final HttpContext context ) {
+        // If this gets called, then AuthScheme was changed in an incompatible 
way
+        throw new UnsupportedOperationException();
+    }
+
+    // The AuthScheme API maps awkwardly to GSSAPI, where proccessChallange 
and generateAuthResponse
+    // map to the same single method call. Hence the generated token is only 
stored in this method.
+    @Override
+    public void processChallenge(
+            final HttpHost host,
+            final boolean challenged,
+            final AuthChallenge authChallenge,
+            final HttpContext context
+            ) throws AuthenticationException {
+
+        if (challengesLeft-- <= 0 ) {
+            if (LOG.isDebugEnabled()) {
+                final HttpClientContext clientContext = 
HttpClientContext.cast(context);
+                final String exchangeId = clientContext.getExchangeId();
+                LOG.debug("{} GSS error: too many challenges received. 
Infinite loop ?", exchangeId);
+            }
+            // TODO: Should we throw an exception ? There is a test for this 
behaviour.
+            state = State.FAILED;
+            return;
+        }
+
+        final byte[] challengeToken = Base64.decodeBase64(authChallenge == 
null ? null : authChallenge.getValue());
+
+        final String gssHostname;
+        String hostname = host.getHostName();
+        if (config.isUseCanonicalHostname()) {
+            try {
+                 hostname = 
dnsResolver.resolveCanonicalHostname(host.getHostName());
+            } catch (final UnknownHostException ignore) {
+            }
+        }
+        if (config.isAddPort()) {
+            gssHostname = hostname + ":" + host.getPort();
+        } else {
+            gssHostname = hostname;
+        }
+
+        if (LOG.isDebugEnabled()) {
+            final HttpClientContext clientContext = 
HttpClientContext.cast(context);
+            final String exchangeId = clientContext.getExchangeId();
+            LOG.debug("{} GSS init {}", exchangeId, gssHostname);
+        }
+        try {
+            
setGssCredential(HttpClientContext.cast(context).getCredentialsProvider(), 
host, context);
+            queuedToken = generateToken(challengeToken, KERBEROS_SCHEME, 
gssHostname);
+            switch (state) {
+            case UNINITIATED:
+                if (challenge != NO_TOKEN) {
+                    if (LOG.isDebugEnabled()) {
+                        final HttpClientContext clientContext = 
HttpClientContext.cast(context);
+                        final String exchangeId = 
clientContext.getExchangeId();
+                        LOG.debug("{} Internal GSS error: token received when 
none was sent yet: {}", exchangeId, challengeToken);
+                    }
+                    // TODO Should we fail ? That would break existing tests 
that send a token
+                    // in the first response, which is against the RFC.
+                }
+                state = State.TOKEN_READY;
+                break;
+            case TOKEN_SENT:
+                if (challenged) {
+                    state = State.TOKEN_READY;
+                } else if (mutualAuth) {

Review Comment:
   This is wrong. The only loop condition is `gssContext.isEstablished()`. The 
acceptor can send still a token, even if not mutual auth is peformed and even 
in an error condition an acceptor context can produce a token (e.g. MIT 
Kerberos), if necessary I can show code. HAve seen this years ago.
   Note that requesting mutual auth is only a hint to GSS-API, wether the 
security context will provide is upto the mech.



##########
httpclient5/src/main/java/org/apache/hc/client5/http/impl/auth/gss/SpnegoScheme.java:
##########
@@ -0,0 +1,113 @@
+/*
+ * ====================================================================
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information
+ * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+ * software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+ * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+ * KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+ * specific language governing permissions and limitations
+ * under the License.
+ * ====================================================================
+ *
+ * This software consists of voluntary contributions made by many
+ * individuals on behalf of the Apache Software Foundation.  For more
+ * information on the Apache Software Foundation, please see
+ * <http://www.apache.org/>.
+ *
+ */
+package org.apache.hc.client5.http.impl.auth.gss;
+
+import org.apache.hc.client5.http.AuthenticationStrategy;
+import org.apache.hc.client5.http.DnsResolver;
+import org.apache.hc.client5.http.auth.StandardAuthScheme;
+import org.apache.hc.client5.http.impl.auth.SPNegoScheme;
+import org.ietf.jgss.GSSException;
+import org.ietf.jgss.Oid;
+
+/**
+ * SPNEGO (Simple and Protected GSSAPI Negotiation Mechanism) authentication
+ * scheme.
+ * <p>
+ * This is the new mutual authentication capable Scheme which replaces the old 
deprecated non mutual
+ * authentication capable {@link SPNegoScheme}
+ * </p>
+ *
+ * <p>
+ * Note that this scheme is not enabled by default. To use it, you need create 
a custom
+ * {@link AuthenticationStrategy} and a custom
+ * {@link org.apache.hc.client5.http.auth.AuthSchemeFactory}
+ * {@link org.apache.hc.core5.http.config.Registry},
+ * and set them on the HttpClientBuilder.
+ * </p>
+ *
+ * <pre>
+ * {@code
+ * private static class SpnegoAuthenticationStrategy extends 
DefaultAuthenticationStrategy {
+ *   private static final List<String> SPNEGO_SCHEME_PRIORITY =
+ *       Collections.unmodifiableList(
+ *           Arrays.asList(StandardAuthScheme.SPNEGO
+ *           // Add other Schemes as needed
+ *           );
+ *
+ *   protected final List<String> getSchemePriority() {
+ *     return SPNEGO_SCHEME_PRIORITY;
+ *   }
+ * }
+ *
+ * AuthenticationStrategy spnegoStrategy = new SpnegoAuthenticationStrategy();
+ *
+ * AuthSchemeFactory spnegoFactory = new SpnegoSchemeFactory();
+ * Registry<AuthSchemeFactory> mutualSchemeRegistry = 
RegistryBuilder.<AuthSchemeFactory>create()
+ *     .register(StandardAuthScheme.SPNEGO, spnegoFactory)
+ *     //register other schemes as needed
+ *     .build();
+ *
+ * CloseableHttpClient mutualClient = HttpClientBuilder.create()
+ *    .setTargetAuthenticationStrategy(spnegoStrategy);
+ *    .setDefaultAuthSchemeRegistry(spnegoSchemeRegistry);
+ *    .build();
+ * }
+ * </pre>
+ *
+ * @since 5.5
+ */
+public class SpnegoScheme extends GssSchemeBase {
+
+    private static final String SPNEGO_OID = "1.3.6.1.5.5.2";
+
+    /**
+     * @since 5.0
+     */
+    public SpnegoScheme(final org.apache.hc.client5.http.auth.gss.GssConfig 
config, final DnsResolver dnsResolver) {
+        super(config, dnsResolver);
+    }
+
+    public SpnegoScheme() {
+        super();
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public String getName() {
+        return StandardAuthScheme.SPNEGO;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    protected byte[] generateToken(final byte[] input, final String 
gssServiceName, final String gssHostname) throws GSSException {
+        return generateGSSToken(input, new Oid(SPNEGO_OID), gssServiceName, 
gssHostname);
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public boolean isConnectionBased() {
+        return true;

Review Comment:
   This is wrong and false. If there is only one roundtrip then you don't need 
to bind the GSS context to the connection otherwise you have to, see also 
https://github.com/gssapi/mod_auth_gssapi?tab=readme-ov-file#gssapiconnectionbound



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