I would be tempted to try phenix.ensemble_refinement instead.

Look at https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3949522/
or 
https://phenix-online.org/phenixwebsite_static/mainsite/files/presentations/ensemble_refinement_burnley_at_al_10DEC2012.pdf
or https://elifesciences.org/articles/00311

Tassos

On 6 Sep 2023, at 12:37, Matt Mcleod 
<mjmcleo...@gmail.com<mailto:mjmcleo...@gmail.com>> wrote:

Hi,

I should be a bit more specific.

We have many crystal structures to indicate that a loop adopts conformation A 
and conformation B, or - the loop can be disordered where the electron density 
is washed out.  These states are dependent on how we perturb the system.

We have a series of data, as a function of osmolyte concentration, that adjusts 
this equilibrium and we want to put a numerical value onto it.  Resolution is 
between 1.7 - 2.0 A. This is non-anomalous data but certainly would be helpful 
in the future to include if possible some anomalous scatters. Have been using 
phenix.refine.

So what we have done is modeled both conformation A and B and are refining the 
data in order to get the occupancies (fixing B-factors) regardless of if there 
is electron density present for one of the two conformations since in some 
cases (likely all) there will be a population of both A, B, and disordered and 
the relative true occupancies will move.  I am trying to sort out how accurate 
these occupancy values are as opposed to showing the electron density for each 
conformation fit at some common threshold.  My general sense is that if it is 
modeled but no electron density, there will be a non-zero value and vice versa 
if it is the only conformation present it will be less than unity.

I will take a look at the references!  Very much appreciated.
Matt

On Wed, 6 Sept 2023 at 02:08, Eleanor Dodson 
<0000176a9d5ebad7-dmarc-requ...@jiscmail.ac.uk<mailto:0000176a9d5ebad7-dmarc-requ...@jiscmail.ac.uk>>
 wrote:
Well - occupancy refinement is particularly imprecise, and highly correlated 
with temperature factors.
Also the population for a surface ARG or LYS may well have more than two 
conformations, whereas some internal residue is better defined.
There is also the Q of solvent - dual occupancies will generate dual solvent 
networks..

..You dont say what resolution your data are. Again at 0.8A you can be 
confident - at 3A it is at best a guess. So I for one do not take the numbers 
very seriously - they are a flag only.

Presumably you didnt model the second conformation unless there was some 
feature in an earlier map to suggest it existed?
Good luck Eleanor


On Wed, 6 Sept 2023 at 03:18, Pavel Afonine 
<pafon...@gmail.com<mailto:pafon...@gmail.com>> wrote:
Hi Matt,
I believe figure 3 here:
https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-018-06957-w
is relevant to your question.
Pavel


On Tue, Sep 5, 2023 at 11:32 AM Matt McLeod 
<mjmcleo...@gmail.com<mailto:mjmcleo...@gmail.com>> wrote:
Hi all,

I am trying to get some insight in the accuracy/precision of occupancy 
refinements.  I have done some 2-state occupancy refinements and have observed 
the refinement achieving ~0.25-0.3 occupancy for the minor population.  This 
population, when observing the electron density maps, had essentially no 
evidence for it being present.  I was wondering:

What are the errors in the reported occupancies?

Is there a lower and upper limit to occupancy refinements?  As in, if you 
occupancy refine two states and one is imaginary will it refine to 
approximately 1 and 0?  Or does the background noise always given a positive 
number to the imaginary set?  This would, to me at least, be the lower and 
upper limits to the occupancy refinements and could be used as a normalization 
factor for other atoms.  Maybe my logic is off...

Any insight or literature would be appreciated!
Matt

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