ZFS is base in storage pool, and a pool is consist of some vdevs in tree
structure. There is only one root vdev for each pool, and any number of vdevs
as the root's children.
Top-level vdev can be logical vdev or physical vdev. If a top-level vdev is a
logical vdev, it's type can be mirror or raidz and so on, except disk. And if
the top-level vdev is a mirror, then it can be consist of two or more device. A
top-level vdev also can be a physical vdev and linked to the root vdev directly.
A pool can be represented as a nvlist in implementation. A nvlist is a list
of a vdev's properties, and each property of vdev organizes as name/value pair,
like (name, value). Two key properties of the tree structure are vdev_tree and
chlidren. Nvlist and nvpair are all data structure which you can find in soure
browser, they define as nvlist_t and nvpair_t namely.
For more information about vdev and tree structure, you can see the ZFS
On-disk format in
http://www.opensolaris.org/os/community/zfs/docs/ondiskformat0822.pdf
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