CVSROOT: /web/www
Module name: www
Changes by: Dora Scilipoti <dora> 11/12/16 15:35:28
Modified files:
server/standards: README.translations.html
Log message:
Major changes. Document almost completely rewritten.
CVSWeb URLs:
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/server/standards/README.translations.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.188&r2=1.189
Patches:
Index: README.translations.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/server/standards/README.translations.html,v
retrieving revision 1.188
retrieving revision 1.189
diff -u -b -r1.188 -r1.189
--- README.translations.html 8 Dec 2011 01:08:50 -0000 1.188
+++ README.translations.html 16 Dec 2011 15:34:23 -0000 1.189
@@ -1,429 +1,489 @@
<!--#include virtual="/server/header.html" -->
-<title>Guide to Translating www.gnu.org Web Pages - GNU Project - Free
Software Foundation (FSF)</title>
+
+<title>Guide to Translating Web Pages on www.gnu.org
+- GNU Project - Free Software Foundation (FSF)</title>
+
<!--#include virtual="/server/banner.html" -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/standards/po/README.translations.translist" -->
-<h2>Guide to Translating www.gnu.org Web Pages</h2>
-<a href="/graphics/atypinggnu.html"><img style="float: right;"
- src="/graphics/gnu-type-sm.jpg"
- alt="A Typing GNU" title="A Typing GNU Hacker" />
-</a>
-
-<div class="highlight">
-<p>This guide is being revised, so some of the information
-may no longer be relevant. To avoid any unnecessary effort, please contact
-<a href="mailto:web-translat...@gnu.org";><web-translat...@gnu.org></a>
-first.</p>
-</div>
+<!-- TRANSLATORS: do not translate or update this page yet.
+ Some wording is being reviewed. -->
-<h3 id="SEC1">General Guide</h3>
-<ul>
- <li>Before doing anything, please read
+<h2 id="guide" class="section">Guide to Translating Web Pages on
+www.gnu.org</h2>
+
+<p><a href="/graphics/atypinggnu.html"><img style="float: right;"
+src="/graphics/gnu-type-sm.jpg" alt="A Typing GNU"
+title="A Typing GNU Hacker" /></a></p>
+
+<h3 id="intro">Introduction</h3>
+
+<p>Translating gnu.org with its many articles and keeping them updated
+is a complex task which requires careful organization. Translators are
+grouped into teams, one for each language, and each team normally has a
+coordinator. However, there are some languages for which no team has
+been formed yet, and sometimes a team lacks a coordinator.</p>
+
+<p>Team Coordinators use software tools to update pages efficiently for
+partial changes. One of these tools is a program called <strong>GNUnited
+Nations</strong> (GNUN) that makes it very easy to maintain and keep
+track of translations that need to be updated; it was developed ad hoc
+by our current GNU Translations Manager Yavor Doganov.</p>
+
+<p>The Translations Manager is the person in charge of the overall
+organization of teams and is generally involved in training new Team
+Coordinators.</p>
+
+<p>As a Team Member, you can contribute to translations without knowing
+anything about GNUN, but you can help at more levels if you know how to
+use it.</p>
+
+<h3 id="who">Who can help</h3>
+
+<p>All teams are always looking for new volunteers. Basically, there is
+a task for everyone in the translation process: we need people with good
+language skills, as well as people with good technical skills or willing
+to learn some simple technical skills.</p>
+
+<ul>
+ <li><p>If you have a deep understanding of written English and a rich
+ command of your native language, you can certainly engage in
+ translation, or do proof-reading. Writing good English is not
+ necessary.</p></li>
+ <li><p>If your understanding of English is not first class, or if you
+ don't know English at all but have a good mastery of your mother
+ tongue, you can help review other people's translations to make sure
+ they read well and have a good style.</p></li>
+ <li><p>If you are a native English speaker, and you can read another
+ language, even if not quickly and easily, you can still help improve
+ translations in that language. Translators sometimes misunderstand
+ English idioms and expressions and write translations that are
+ misleading or even incorrect. These errors are obvious to the native
+ English speaker—you can indicate possible errors and explain
+ the intended meaning, and others can retranslate that part.</p></li>
+ <li><p>If you are inclined or willing to go for the more technical
+ side of the translation process, you can help further; for example,
+ by preparing translated texts for publication.</p></li>
+</ul>
+
+<h3 id="how">How to Participate</h3>
+
+<dl>
+ <dt>As a Team Member</dt>
+ <dd>Please read the <a href="#general-guide">General Guide for
+ Translations</a> below and then contact the relevant
+ <a href="#teams">translation team</a>. Each team has its own
+ system of organizing the work. Thus, to join an existing team, you
+ need to get detailed information from that team. The Team
+ Coordinator will be able to guide you through their specific
+ methods. If you don't get an answer from the team in two weeks,
+ write to the Translations Manager <a
+
href="mailto:web-translat...@gnu.org";><web-translat...@gnu.org></a>.
+ </dd>
+ <dt>As an Occasional Contributor</dt>
+
+ <dd>If you just want to submit a new translation and are not
+ interested in collaborating regularly, follow the
+ <a href="#general-guide">General Guide for Translations</a> below
+ and then send your translation to the appropriate <a href="#teams">
+ Team Coordinator</a> if there is one, or to the Translations
+ Manager <a
+ href="mailto:web-translat...@gnu.org";><web-translat...@gnu.org></a>
+ if there is no team or coordinator for your language.</dd>
+ <dt>As a Team Coordinator</dt>
+ <dd>If you would like to form a new team or become a Team
+ Coordinator, please read this entire page and then get in touch
+ with the Translations Manager <a
+
href="mailto:web-translat...@gnu.org";><web-translat...@gnu.org></a>.
+ </dd>
+
+</dl>
+
+<h3 id="general-guide">General Guide for Translations</h3>
+
+<p>Here are our specific goals for our translated pages.</p>
+
+<h4 id="accuracy">Accuracy</h4>
+
+<p>In order to produce a translation which is accurate and faithful to
+the original, you need to be familiar with the basic concepts of the GNU
+Project and the specific terminology used in gnu.org:</p>
+
+<ul>
+ <li><p>“Copyleft” is a term that can be difficult to
+ translate in some languages. It is a pun on the word
+ “Copyright” based on the two meanings of
+ “right”: ethical and directional. You can read the
+ article <a href="/copyleft/copyleft.html">What is Copyleft?</a> to
+ learn more about it and see how it has been translated into other
+ languages. You will see that in most cases it has not been
+ translated at all, so if you can't find a good translation for it in
+ your language, the only option may be to use the English word.</p></li>
+
+ <li><p>See the <a href="/philosophy/fs-translations.html">Translations
+ of the Term “Free Software”</a> in several languages.</p></li>
+ <li><p>You can learn more about specific terms and the GNU philosophy
+ by reading some articles such as the following, among others that
+ you may find useful:</p>
<ul>
- <li>the <a href="/server/standards/readme_index.html">Guidelines</a>
-for GNU Web Site Volunteers, </li>
- <li>the <a href="/server/fsf-html-style-sheet.html">FSF HTML
-Style Sheet</a>,
- http://www.gnu.org/server/fsf-html-style-sheet.html </li>
- <li>the <a href="/software/trans-coord/manual/">GNUN</a>
- manuals.</li>
+ <li><a href="/philosophy/free-sw.html">What is Free Software?</a></li>
+ <li><a href="/philosophy/categories.html">Categories of Free and
+ Nonfree Software</a></li>
+
+ <li><a href="/philosophy/words-to-avoid.html">Words to Avoid</a></li>
+ <li><a href="/gnu/why-gnu-linux.html">What's in a Name?</a></li>
+ <li><a href="/philosophy/open-source-misses-the-point.html">Open
+ Source Misses the Point of Free Software</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
- <li>After reading this page, refer to the <a
- href="#TranslationsUnderway">Translations Underway</a> list, and check
-if there is already a team formed for the language you want to
-translate to. If not, contact <a
-href="mailto:web-translat...@gnu.org";><web-translat...@gnu.org></a>,
-and ask if you can start a new team for your language.</li>
-</ul>
+ <li><p>When translating “GNU's Not Unix”, please ensure
+ that the translation remains recursive. If a recursive translation
+ cannot be conceived, use the following format (this is an example
+ for Swedish): “GNU's Not Unix (<span xml:lang="sv" lang="sv">
+ GNU är inte Unix</span>)”.</p></li>
-<h3 id="LanguageCodes">Language Codes</h3>
-<ul>
- <li><a href="http://www.loc.gov/standards/iso639-2/php/code_list.php";>ISO
- 639</a> gives the two-letter language codes in its 2<sup>nd</sup>
- column. If a two-letter language code is not assigned, 3-letter
- (ISO 639-2) can be used. Later versions of RFC 1766 and ISO 639
- may exist.</li>
-
- <li>If ISO 639 does not have a code, do some research and find
- out the right one to use. ISO 3166 gives the codes for countries.
- Language and country codes do not have to be the same. It is a
- mistake to assume a country code can be substituted for a
- language code — unless you verify it against a standard.</li>
</ul>
-<h3 id="SEC3">What to Translate</h3>
-<ul>
- <li>Documents should be converted together with their “glue
- pages”, such as <code>home.html</code> and
<code>philosophy/philosophy.html</code>.</li>
- <li>Don't translate anything under these directories:
- <dl>
- <dt><code>/software/</code> </dt>
- <dd>We leave that area up to each maintainer. But if you
- want to help a maintainer do translations, ask hir (him or her).
- </dd>
- <dt><code>/brave-gnu-world/</code></dt>
- <dd>Here's how to <a href="/brave-gnu-world/translations.html">help
-translate</a> <cite>Brave GNU World</cite>. </dd>
- </dl></li>
- <li>When translating “GNU's Not Unix”, please ensure
-that the translation remains recursive. If a recursive translation
-cannot be conceived, <br />use the following format: “GNU's Not
-Unix (<span xml:lang="sv" lang="sv">GNU är inte Unix</span>)”.
- </li>
-</ul>
+<h4 id="translators-manual">Translators Manual</h4>
-<h3 id="SEC3.1">Translating the home page</h3>
-<ul>
- <li>The translated homepage must include the full list of
- translations via SSI.
+<p>You may also want to read the
+<a href="/software/trans-coord/manual/web-trans/">GNU Web Translators
+Manual</a> if you wish to have a better understanding of how our
+translation system works. But please talk to the team first; most
+probably you will not be required to read it in order to start helping.</p>
- <p>The required SSI tag looks like this:</p>
- <pre>
- <!--#include file="translations.include" -->
- </pre>
- </li>
+<h4 id="what">What to Translate</h4>
- <li>If you provide a new home page translation you must update the
- <code>translations.include</code> file. The file is stored in
- the GNU webservers root directory.
- </li>
-</ul>
+<p>All essays and articles in the following directories should be
+translated in all available languages, but you should first browse our
+<a href="/server/standards/translations/priorities.html">Web Translation
+Priorities</a>:</p>
-<h3 id="SEC4">Linking Other Documents</h3>
<ul>
- <li>All links are relative to the web server root, meaning
-that they should link to, for example, /software/software.html
-and not just software.html. </li>
- <li>Link should be made pointing to a translated page if it exists,
-else made pointing to the English original. You should NOT make
-links that depend upon content negotiation. One reason is that
-they will fail on mirror servers that do not do content
-negotiation. </li>
+ <li><code>copyleft/</code></li>
+ <li><code>education/</code></li>
+ <li><code>gnu/</code></li>
+ <li><code>licenses/</code></li>
+ <li><code>philosophy/</code></li>
</ul>
-<h3 id="SEC5">Translations into Other Languages</h3>
-<ul>
- <li>The top and bottom of all translations (including the
-English original) should contain links to other translations of
-the document when such exists. See the <a
- href="/boilerplate.html">http://www.gnu.org/boilerplate.html</a> for an
-example on how to do this. </li>
-</ul>
+<p>Again, please coordinate with your language team before starting any
+work, to get clear instructions on how to proceed and to avoid
+duplicating efforts.</p>
-<h3 id="SEC6">Filenames</h3>
-<ul>
- <li>Translations should be named <code>article.LANG.html</code>
-where <code>LANG</code> is
-the <a href="#LanguageCodes">language code</a>.<br />
-For example, a German translation of <em>home.html</em> should be
-named <code>home.de.html</code>.</li>
- <li>There exists a symlink <code>index.html</code> pointing to some
-other file <code>other.html</code>. Create a symlink
-named <code>index.LANG.html</code> pointing to the correct
-translation <code>other.LANG.html</code>.</li>
-</ul>
+<p><em><strong>Note:</strong></em> The material in the
+<code>software/</code> directory pertains to individual GNU packages. If
+you would like to translate something in that directory, please talk
+with the maintainers of the package to see what they would like to do.</p>
-<h3 id="SEC6A">Tools to Help Translators</h3>
-<ul>
- <li>See <a href="/software/gnun/">GNUnited Nations</a>.</li>
-</ul>
+<h3 id="coordinator-guide">Guide for Team Coordinators</h3>
+
+<p>If there is no team established for your language or a new Team
+Coordinator is needed, we will be grateful if you undertake that task.
+To volunteer, write to the Translations Manager
+<a href="mailto:web-translat...@gnu.org";><web-translat...@gnu.org></a>,
+but please first read the following explanation of what a Team
+Coordinator does specifically, apart from what has been described in the
+General Guide.</p>
-<h3 id="SEC7">Keeping Translations Current</h3>
<ul>
- <li>For all translations to be kept current, you should subscribe to
-the <a href="http://lists.gnu.org/mailman/listinfo/www-commits";>www-commits</a>
-mailing list. Then you will get sent one email for each page that is
-modified in cvs (for the www module). The traffic is around 4-5 mails
-per day, more on weekends. It's suggested that you save all such email
-and burst through them about once a week to make sure the translations
-are current. You may also use <kbd>make report TEAM=LANG</kbd> if
-you have <a href="/software/gnun/">GNUN</a> installed.</li>
+ <li>First, let's look at the tools that we use in our website to
+ process translations and to keep them updated.</li>
</ul>
-<h3 id="TranslationsUnderway">Translations Underway</h3>
+<h4 id="tools">Tools to Help Translators</h4>
+
+<p>We use .po (Portable Object) files to process and maintain
+translations. A .po file contains the original text and its translation,
+divided in paragraphs. We do it this way so that, when there is a change
+in the English version of a page, our system will generate an updated
+.po file showing the strings that have changed. The translator then
+updates the translation of those strings.</p>
+
+<p>To edit a .po file, use <a href="/software/emacs/">GNU Emacs</a>
+(install <em>gettext-el</em> to automatically switch to PO mode) or any
+.po file editor.</p>
-<p>The language code is followed by the name of the language, and the
-name and e-mail address of the translation team leader.</p>
+<p>How is the .po file used? GNUnited Nations (GNUN), a build system for
+www.gnu.org translations, generates a .pot file (.po template) of an
+original HTML article; whenever there is a change in the original
+article, the .pot file is regenerated to merge the changes. Finally, it
+regenerates the translations in HTML format. For further information see
+<a href="/software/gnun/">GNUnited Nations (GNUN)</a>.</p>
+
+<h4 id="keeping-current">Keeping Translations Current</h4>
+
+<p>For all translations to be kept current, if you decide to become a
+Team Coordinator, you should subscribe to the
+<a href="http://lists.gnu.org/mailman/listinfo/www-commits";>www-commits</a>
+mailing list. Then you will be sent one email for each page that is
+modified in <em>CVS</em> (for the www module). The traffic is around 4-5
+mails per day, more on weekends. It's suggested that you burst through
+them about once a week to make sure the translations are current. You
+may also use “<em><code>make report TEAM=LANG</code></em>”
+if you have <a href="/software/gnun/">GNUN</a> installed.</p>
-<p>Translation Teams:</p>
<ul>
-<!-- Please keep this list alphabetical-->
-<li><code>??</code> - This place is reserved for your name, when you
-form a translation team for another language.
-</li>
-<li><code>!!</code> - Contact the Translation Managers
-at <a href="mailto:web-translat...@gnu.org";><web-translat...@gnu.org></a>
-if you would like to form a Translation Team and be listed as the
-translation team lead for your language.
-</li>
-<li><code>ar</code>
-- <a href="https://savannah.nongnu.org/projects/www-ar";>Arabic</a>
-(- New coordinator needed)
-</li>
-<li><code>az</code> - Azerbaijani
-(<a href="https://savannah.gnu.org/users/igrar";>Igrar Huseynov</a>
-- New coordinator needed)
-</li>
-<li><code>bg</code>
-- <a href="https://savannah.gnu.org/projects/www-bg";>Bulgarian</a>
-(<a href="https://savannah.gnu.org/users/yavor";>Yavor Doganov</a>)
-</li>
-<li><code>bn</code>
-- <a href="https://savannah.gnu.org/projects/www-bn";>Bengali</a>
-(<a href="https://savannah.gnu.org/users/suzan";>Khandakar Mujahidul Islam</a>
-- New coordinator needed)
-</li>
-<li><code>ca</code>
-- <a href="https://savannah.gnu.org/projects/www-ca";>Catalan</a>
-(<a href="https://savannah.gnu.org/users/puigpe";>Miquel Puigpelat</a>)
-</li>
-<li><code>cs</code>
-- <a href="https://savannah.gnu.org/projects/www-cs";>Czech</a>
-(New coordinator needed)
-</li>
-<li><code>da</code>
-- <a href="https://savannah.gnu.org/projects/www-da";>Danish</a>
-(<a href="https://savannah.gnu.org/users/erikg";>Erik Gravgaard</a>
-- New coordinator needed)
-</li>
-<li><code>de</code>
-- <a href="https://savannah.gnu.org/projects/www-de";>German</a>
-(<a href="https://savannah.gnu.org/users/joeko";>Joerg Kohne</a>)
-</li>
-<li><code>el</code>
-- <a href="https://savannah.gnu.org/projects/www-el";>Greek</a>
-(<a href="https://savannah.gnu.org/users/gzarkadas";>Georgios Zarkadas</a>)
-</li>
-<li><code>eo</code>
-- <a href="https://savannah.gnu.org/projects/www-eo";>Esperanto</a>
-(<a href="https://savannah.gnu.org/users/civodul";>Ludovic Courtès</a>
-- New coordinator needed)
-</li>
-<li><code>es</code>
-- <a href="https://savannah.gnu.org/projects/www-es";>Spanish</a>
-(<a href="https://savannah.gnu.org/users/xavi_";>Xavier Reina</a>)
-</li>
-<li><code>fa</code>
-- <a href="https://savannah.gnu.org/projects/www-fa";>Farsi/Persian</a>
-(<a href="https://savannah.gnu.org/users/esmaeeli";>Abbas Esmaeeli
Some‘eh</a>)
-</li>
-<li><code>fi</code>
-- <a href="https://savannah.gnu.org/projects/www-fi";>Finnish</a>
-(<a href="https://savannah.gnu.org/users/solarius";>Ville</a>
-- New coordinator needed)
-</li>
-<li><code>fr</code>
-- <a href="https://savannah.gnu.org/projects/www-fr";>French</a>
-(<a href="https://savannah.gnu.org/users/barbier";>Denis Barbier</a>)
-</li>
-<li><code>he</code>
-- <a href="https://savannah.gnu.org/projects/www-he";>Hebrew</a> (New
-coordinator needed)
-</li>
-<li><code>id</code>
-- <a href="https://savannah.gnu.org/projects/www-id";>Indonesian</a>
-(New coordinator needed)
-</li>
-<li><code>it</code>
-- <a href="https://savannah.gnu.org/projects/www-it";>Italian</a>
-(<a href="https://savannah.gnu.org/users/pescetti";>Andrea Pescetti</a>)
-</li>
-<li><code>ja</code>
-- <a href="https://savannah.gnu.org/projects/www-ja";>Japanese</a>
-(<a href="https://savannah.gnu.org/users/mhatta";>Masayuki Hatta</a>)
-</li>
-<li><code>ko</code> - Korean (Song Chang-hun,
-<a href="mailto:chs...@gnu.org";><chs...@gnu.org></a>
-- New coordinator needed)
-</li>
-<li><code>ku</code>
- - <a href="https://savannah.gnu.org/projects/www-ku";>Kurdish</a>
-(New coordinator needed)
-</li>
-<li><code>ml</code>
-- <a href="https://savannah.gnu.org/projects/www-ml";>Malayalam</a>
-(New coordinator needed)
-</li>
-<li><code>nb</code>
-- <a href="https://savannah.gnu.org/projects/www-nb";>Norwegian Bokmål</a>
-(<a href="https://savannah.gnu.org/users/att";>Andreas Tolfsen</a>)
-</li>
-<li><code>nl</code>
-- <a href="https://savannah.gnu.org/projects/www-nl";>Dutch</a>
-(<a href="https://savannah.gnu.org/users/tuijldert";>Tom Uijldert</a>)
-</li>
-<li><code>nn</code> - Norwegian Nynorsk
-(<a href="https://savannah.gnu.org/users/att";>Andreas Tolfsen</a>,
-permanent coordinator needed)
-</li>
-<li><code>pl</code>
-- <a href="https://savannah.gnu.org/projects/www-pl";>Polish</a>
-(<a href="https://savannah.gnu.org/users/jsowoc";>Jan Owoc</a>)
-</li>
-<li><code>pt</code> - Portuguese (New coordinator needed)
-</li>
-<li><code>pt-br</code>
-- <a href="https://savannah.gnu.org/projects/www-pt-br";>Brazilian
-Portuguese</a> (New coordinator needed)
-</li>
-<li><code>ro</code>
-- <a href="https://savannah.gnu.org/projects/www-ro";>Romanian</a>
-(<a href="https://savannah.gnu.org/users/buzdugan";>Laurentiu Buzdugan</a>)
-</li>
-<li><code>ru</code>
-- <a href="https://savannah.nongnu.org/projects/www-ru";>Russian</a>
-(<a href="https://savannah.gnu.org/users/jimcrow";>Anatoly A. Kazantsev</a>,
-<a href="https://savannah.gnu.org/users/ineiev";>Pavel Kraritonov</a>)
-</li>
-<li><code>sk</code>
-- <a href="https://savannah.nongnu.org/projects/www-sk";>Slovak</a>
-(<a href="https://savannah.gnu.org/users/dominiks";>Dominik Smatana</a>
-- New coordinator needed)
-</li>
-<li><code>sq</code>
-- <a href="https://savannah.gnu.org/projects/www-sq";>Albanian</a>
-(<a href="https://savannah.gnu.org/users/beso";>Besnik Bleta</a>)
-</li>
-<li><code>sr</code>
-- <a href="https://savannah.gnu.org/projects/www-sr";>Serbian</a>
-(<a href="https://savannah.gnu.org/users/Ctpajgep";>Strahinya Radich</a>)
-</li>
-<li><code>ta</code>
-- <a href="https://savannah.gnu.org/projects/www-ta";>Tamil</a>
-(<a href="https://savannah.gnu.org/users/amachutechie";>Sri Ramadoss</a>)
-</li>
-<li><code>th</code>
-- <a href="https://savannah.gnu.org/projects/www-th";>Thai</a> (New
-coordinator needed)
-</li>
-<li><code>tl</code>
-- <a href="https://savannah.gnu.org/projects/www-tl";>Tagalog</a> (New
-coordinator needed)
-</li>
-<li><code>tr</code>
-- <a href="https://savannah.gnu.org/projects/www-tr";>Turkish</a>
-(<a href="https://savannah.gnu.org/users/exalted";>Ali Servet Dönmez</a>)
-</li>
-<li><code>uk</code>
-- <a href="https://savannah.gnu.org/projects/www-uk";>Ukrainian</a>
-(<a href="https://savannah.nongnu.org/users/sudyr";>Evgeniy Sudyr</a>)
-</li>
-<li><code>zh-cn</code>
-- <a href="https://savannah.gnu.org/projects/www-zh-cn";>Simplified Chinese</a>
-(<a href="https://savannah.gnu.org/users/monnand";>Nan Deng</a>,
-<a href="https://savannah.gnu.org/users/zeuux";>Bill Xu</a>,
-<a href="https://savannah.gnu.org/users/chxiaobin";>Chen Xiaobin</a>)
-</li>
-<li><code>zh-tw</code>
-- <a href="https://savannah.gnu.org/projects/www-zh-cn";>Traditional Chinese</a>
-(<a href="https://savannah.gnu.org/users/monnand";>Nan Deng</a>,
-<a href="https://savannah.gnu.org/users/zeuux";>Bill Xu</a>,
-<a href="https://savannah.gnu.org/users/chxiaobin";>Chen Xiaobin</a>)
-</li>
-<!-- Please keep this list alphabetical. -->
+ <li>A coordinator should also read and be well acquainted with the
+ following documentation:</li>
</ul>
-<p>Note that</p>
<ul>
- <li><code>en</code> - English </li>
+ <li><a href="/software/trans-coord/manual/web-trans/">GNU Web
+ Translators Manual</a>.</li>
+ <li><a href="/software/trans-coord/manual/gnun/">GNUnited Nations
+ (GNUN) Manual</a>,</li>
+ <li><a href="/server/standards/readme_index.html">GNU Web Site
+ Guidelines: For Volunteers</a></li>
+
+ <li><a href="/server/fsf-html-style-sheet.html">GNU Web Site
+ Guidelines: HTML Style Sheet</a>.</li>
</ul>
-<p>is a special case. The bulk of the site is written in English, which
-is the de-facto language of the GNU Project. We <em>occasionally</em>
-need original documents written in other languages translated into
-English. It is best to notify the team leader of your language that
-you volunteer, because we always contact them first. If there is no
-team and you are willing to help with this, please
-contact <a href="mailto:web-translat...@gnu.org";>
-<web-translat...@gnu.org></a>.</p>
-
-<h3 id="Notes">Final Notes</h3>
-
-<p>If you translate a page for www.gnu.org, please insert the following
-tag in the <code><head></code> section.
-Where <code>web-translators-l...@gnu.org</code> is the forwarding
-address for your translations team, for example for the Spanish translation
team:</p>
-
- <pre>
- <link rev="translated" href="mailto:web-translators...@gnu.org" />
- </pre>
+
+<p>After you have read at least the first two manuals and this entire
+page, please contact the Translations Manager
+<a href="mailto:web-translat...@gnu.org";><web-translat...@gnu.org></a>
+for further assistance.</p>
+
+<h3 id="teams">Translation Teams</h3>
+<span id="TranslationsUnderway"><!--Some docs refer to this anchor--></span>
+
+<p>Volunteers to establish new teams are more than welcome and will be
+assisted during the learning process.</p>
+
+<p>Contact the Translations Manager
+<a href="mailto:web-translat...@gnu.org";><web-translat...@gnu.org></a>
+if you would like to form a new team or become a Team Coordinator and be
+listed as the translation Team Coordinator for your language.</p>
+
+<p>In the following list, the language code is followed by the name of
+the language, and by the name and contact details of the translation
+Team Coordinator.</p>
+<ul>
+ <!-- Please keep this list alphabetical-->
+
+ <li><code>ar</code> -
+ <a href="https://savannah.nongnu.org/projects/www-ar";>Arabic</a>
+ (New coordinator needed) </li>
+
+ <li><code>az</code> - Azerbaijani
+ (<a href="https://savannah.gnu.org/users/igrar";>Igrar Huseynov</a> -
+ New coordinator needed) </li>
+
+ <li><code>bg</code> -
+ <a href="https://savannah.gnu.org/projects/www-bg";>Bulgarian</a>
+ (<a href="https://savannah.gnu.org/users/yavor";>Yavor Doganov</a>)</li>
+
+ <li><code>bn</code> -
+ <a href="https://savannah.gnu.org/projects/www-bn";>Bengali</a>
+ (<a href="https://savannah.gnu.org/users/suzan";>Khandakar Mujahidul
+ Islam</a> - New coordinator needed) </li>
+
+ <li><code>ca</code> -
+ <a href="https://savannah.gnu.org/projects/www-ca";>Catalan</a>
+ (<a href="https://savannah.gnu.org/users/puigpe";>Miquel
+ Puigpelat</a>) </li>
+
+ <li><code>cs</code> -
+ <a href="https://savannah.gnu.org/projects/www-cs";>Czech</a> (New
+ coordinator needed) </li>
+
+ <li><code>da</code> -
+ <a href="https://savannah.gnu.org/projects/www-da";>Danish</a>
+ (<a href="https://savannah.gnu.org/users/erikg";>Erik Gravgaard</a> -
+ New coordinator needed) </li>
+
+ <li><code>de</code> -
+ <a href="https://savannah.gnu.org/projects/www-de";>German</a>
+ (<a href="https://savannah.gnu.org/users/joeko";>Joerg Kohne</a>)</li>
+
+ <li><code>el</code> -
+ <a href="https://savannah.gnu.org/projects/www-el";>Greek</a>
+ (<a href="https://savannah.gnu.org/users/gzarkadas";>Georgios
+ Zarkadas</a>) </li>
+
+ <li><code>eo</code> -
+ <a href="https://savannah.gnu.org/projects/www-eo";>Esperanto</a>
+ (<a href="https://savannah.gnu.org/users/civodul";>Ludovic
+ Courtès</a> - New coordinator needed) </li>
+
+ <li><code>es</code> -
+ <a href="https://savannah.gnu.org/projects/www-es";>Spanish</a>
+ (<a href="https://savannah.gnu.org/users/xavi_";>Xavier Reina</a>)</li>
+
+ <li><code>fa</code> -
+ <a href="https://savannah.gnu.org/projects/www-fa";>Farsi/Persian</a>
+ (<a href="https://savannah.gnu.org/users/esmaeeli";>Abbas Esmaeeli
+ Some‘eh</a>) </li>
+
+ <li><code>fi</code> -
+ <a href="https://savannah.gnu.org/projects/www-fi";>Finnish</a>
+ (<a href="https://savannah.gnu.org/users/solarius";>Ville</a> - New
+ coordinator needed)</li>
+
+ <li><code>fr</code> -
+ <a href="https://savannah.gnu.org/projects/www-fr";>French</a>
+ (<a href="https://savannah.gnu.org/users/barbier";>Denis Barbier</a>)</li>
+
+ <li><code>he</code> -
+ <a href="https://savannah.gnu.org/projects/www-he";>Hebrew</a> (New
+ coordinator needed) </li>
+
+ <li><code>id</code> -
+ <a href="https://savannah.gnu.org/projects/www-id";>Indonesian</a>
+ (New coordinator needed) </li>
+
+ <li><code>it</code> -
+ <a href="https://savannah.gnu.org/projects/www-it";>Italian</a>
+ (<a href="https://savannah.gnu.org/users/pescetti";>Andrea
+ Pescetti</a>) </li>
+
+ <li><code>ja</code> -
+ <a href="https://savannah.gnu.org/projects/www-ja";>Japanese</a>
+ (<a href="https://savannah.gnu.org/users/mhatta";>Masayuki Hatta</a>)</li>
+
+ <li><code>ko</code> - Korean (Song Chang-hun
+ <a href="mailto:chs...@gnu.org";><chs...@gnu.org></a> - New
+ coordinator needed) </li>
+
+ <li><code>ku</code> -
+ <a href="https://savannah.gnu.org/projects/www-ku";>Kurdish</a> (New
+ coordinator needed) </li>
+
+ <li><code>ml</code> -
+ <a href="https://savannah.gnu.org/projects/www-ml";>Malayalam</a>
+ (New coordinator needed) </li>
+
+ <li><code>nb</code> -
+ <a href="https://savannah.gnu.org/projects/www-nb";>Norwegian
+ Bokmål</a> (<a href="https://savannah.gnu.org/users/att";>
+ Andreas Tolfsen</a>) </li>
+
+ <li><code>nl</code> -
+ <a href="https://savannah.gnu.org/projects/www-nl";>Dutch</a>
+ (<a href="https://savannah.gnu.org/users/tuijldert";>Tom Uijldert</a>)</li>
+
+ <li><code>nn</code> - Norwegian Nynorsk
+ (<a href="https://savannah.gnu.org/users/att";>Andreas Tolfsen</a>,
+ permanent coordinator needed) </li>
+
+ <li><code>pl</code> -
+ <a href="https://savannah.gnu.org/projects/www-pl";>Polish</a>
+ (<a href="https://savannah.gnu.org/users/jsowoc";>Jan Owoc</a>) </li>
+
+ <li><code>pt</code> - Portuguese (New coordinator needed) </li>
+
+ <li><code>pt-br</code> -
+ <a href="https://savannah.gnu.org/projects/www-pt-br";>Brazilian
+ Portuguese</a> (New coordinator needed) </li>
+
+ <li><code>ro</code> -
+ <a href="https://savannah.gnu.org/projects/www-ro";>Romanian</a>
+ (<a href="https://savannah.gnu.org/users/buzdugan";>Laurentiu
+ Buzdugan</a>) </li>
+
+ <li><code>ru</code> -
+ <a href="https://savannah.nongnu.org/projects/www-ru";>Russian</a>
+ (<a href="https://savannah.gnu.org/users/jimcrow";>Anatoly A.
+ Kazantsev</a>, <a href="https://savannah.gnu.org/users/ineiev";>Pavel
+ Kharitonov</a>) </li>
+
+ <li><code>sk</code> -
+ <a href="https://savannah.nongnu.org/projects/www-sk";>Slovak</a>
+ (<a href="https://savannah.gnu.org/users/dominiks";>Dominik Smatana</a>
+ - New coordinator needed) </li>
+
+ <li><code>sq</code> -
+ <a href="https://savannah.gnu.org/projects/www-sq";>Albanian</a>
+ (<a href="https://savannah.gnu.org/users/beso";>Besnik Bleta</a>)</li>
+
+ <li><code>sr</code> -
+ <a href="https://savannah.gnu.org/projects/www-sr";>Serbian</a>
+ (<a href="https://savannah.gnu.org/users/Ctpajgep";>Strahinya
+ Radich</a>) </li>
+
+ <li><code>ta</code> -
+ <a href="https://savannah.gnu.org/projects/www-ta";>Tamil</a>
+ (<a href="https://savannah.gnu.org/users/amachutechie";>Sri
+ Ramadoss</a>) </li>
+
+ <li><code>th</code> -
+ <a href="https://savannah.gnu.org/projects/www-th";>Thai</a> (New
+ coordinator needed) </li>
+
+ <li><code>tl</code> -
+ <a href="https://savannah.gnu.org/projects/www-tl";>Tagalog</a> (New
+ coordinator needed) </li>
+
+ <li><code>tr</code> -
+ <a href="https://savannah.gnu.org/projects/www-tr";>Turkish</a>
+ (<a href="https://savannah.gnu.org/users/exalted";>Ali Servet
+ Dönmez</a>) </li>
+
+ <li><code>uk</code> -
+ <a href="https://savannah.gnu.org/projects/www-uk";>Ukrainian</a>
+ (<a href="https://savannah.nongnu.org/users/sudyr";>Evgeniy Sudyr</a>)</li>
+
+ <li><code>zh-cn</code> -
+ <a href="https://savannah.gnu.org/projects/www-zh-cn";>Simplified
+ Chinese</a> (<a href="https://savannah.gnu.org/users/monnand";>
+ Nan Deng</a>, <a href="https://savannah.gnu.org/users/zeuux";>Bill
+ Xu</a>, <a href="https://savannah.gnu.org/users/chxiaobin";>Chen
+ Xiaobin</a>) </li>
+
+ <li><code>zh-tw</code> -
+ <a href="https://savannah.gnu.org/projects/www-zh-cn";>Traditional
+ Chinese</a> (<a href="https://savannah.gnu.org/users/monnand";>
+ Nan Deng</a>, <a href="https://savannah.gnu.org/users/zeuux";>Bill
+ Xu</a>, <a href="https://savannah.gnu.org/users/chxiaobin";>Chen
+ Xiaobin</a>) </li>
+
+ <li><code>??</code> - Not available? Then this line is reserved for
+ you.</li>
+
+ <!-- Please keep this list alphabetical. -->
+</ul>
+
+<p><strong>Note:</strong> <em>English (<code>en</code>)</em> is a
+ special case. The bulk of the site is written in English, which is the
+ de-facto language of the GNU Project. We <em>occasionally</em> need
+ original documents written in other languages translated into English.
+ It is best to notify the team coordinator of your language that you
+ volunteer, because we always contact them first. If there is no team
+ coordinator and you are willing to help with this, please contact <a
+ href="mailto:web-translat...@gnu.org";><web-translat...@gnu.org>
+ </a>.</p>
+
+
</div>
<!--#include virtual="/server/footer.html" -->
<div id="footer">
-<p>Please send FSF & GNU inquiries to
+
+<p>Please send general FSF & GNU inquiries to
<a href="mailto:g...@gnu.org";><g...@gnu.org></a>.
There are also <a href="/contact/">other ways to contact</a>
-the FSF.
-<br />
+the FSF.<br />
Please send broken links and other corrections or suggestions to
-<a
href="mailto:web-translat...@gnu.org";><web-translat...@gnu.org></a>.</p>
+<a href="mailto:bug-...@gnu.org";><bug-...@gnu.org></a>.</p>
-<p>Please see the
-<a href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
-README</a> for information on coordinating and submitting
-translations of this article.</p>
+<p>Please see the <a
+href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
+README</a> for information on coordinating and submitting translations
+of this article.</p>
<p>Copyright © 2011 Free Software Foundation, Inc.</p>
<p>This page is licensed under a <a rel="license"
href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/3.0/us/";>Creative
-Commons Attribution-NoDerivs 3.0 United States License</a>.
-</p>
+Commons Attribution-NoDerivs 3.0 United States License</a>.</p>
<p>Updated:
<!-- timestamp start -->
-$Date: 2011/12/08 01:08:50 $
+$Date: 2011/12/16 15:34:23 $
<!-- timestamp end -->
</p>
</div>
-<!-- All pages on the GNU web server should have the section about -->
-<!-- verbatim copying. Please do NOT remove this without talking -->
-<!-- with the webmasters first. -->
-<!-- Please make sure the copyright date is consistent with the document -->
-<!-- and that it is like this "2001, 2002" not this "2001-2002." -->
-
-<!-- <div id="translations"> -->
-<!-- <h4>Translations of this page</h4> -->
-<!-- -->
-<!-- Please keep this list alphabetical by language code. -->
-<!-- Comment what the language is for each type, i.e. de is German. -->
-<!-- Write the language name in its own language (Deutsch) in the text.
-->
-<!-- If you add a new language here, please -->
-<!-- advise web-translat...@gnu.org and add it to -->
-<!-- - /home/www/html/server/standards/README.translations.html -->
-<!-- - one of the lists under the section "Translations Underway" -->
-<!-- - if there is a translation team, you also have to add an alias -->
-<!-- to mail.gnu.org:/com/mailer/aliases -->
-<!-- Please also check you have the language code right; see: -->
-<!-- http://www.loc.gov/standards/iso639-2/php/code_list.php -->
-<!-- If the 2-letter ISO 639-1 code is not available, -->
-<!-- use the 3-letter ISO 639-2. -->
-<!-- Please use W3C normative character entities. -->
-<!-- -->
-<!-- See also '(web-trans)Capitalization': -->
-<!--
http://gnu.org/software/trans-coord/manual/web-trans/html_node/Capitalization.html
-->
-<!-- -->
-<!-- -->
-<!-- <ul class="translations-list"> -->
-<!-- Arabic -->
-<!-- <li><a
href="/server/standards/README.translations.ar.html">العربية</a> [ar]</li>
-->
-<!-- Catalan -->
-<!-- <li><a
href="/server/standards/README.translations.ca.html">català</a> [ca]</li>
-->
-<!-- German -->
-<!-- <li><a
href="/server/standards/README.translations.de.html">Deutsch</a> [de]</li>
-->
-<!-- English -->
-<!-- <li><a
href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">English</a> [en]</li> -->
-<!-- Spanish -->
-<!-- <li><a
href="/server/standards/README.translations.es.html">español</a> [es]</li>
-->
-<!-- French -->
-<!-- <li><a
href="/server/standards/README.translations.fr.html">français</a> [fr]</li>
-->
-<!-- Indonesian -->
-<!-- <li><a href="/server/standards/README.translations.id.html">Bahasa
Indonesia</a> [id]</li> -->
-<!-- Ukrainian -->
-<!-- <li><a
href="/server/standards/README.translations.uk.html">українська</a> [uk]</li>
-->
-<!-- </ul> -->
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