On 3/31/25 10:45 PM, Jeffrey Walton wrote:
On Tue, Apr 1, 2025 at 12:31 AM Samuel Sieb <sam...@sieb.net> wrote:

On 3/31/25 7:00 PM, Jeffrey Walton wrote:
On Mon, Mar 31, 2025 at 9:56 PM Tim via users
<users@lists.fedoraproject.org> wrote:

Tim:
For one like https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-ob9LHPEaKY you can type
ob9LHPEaKY into the YouTube search gadget and it will find that clip.
And for https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=D-_qS_3KXBA typing just this
_qS_3KXBA bit into the search gadget works.

Go Canes:
If you put the full 11-character "key" in double-quotes in the youtube
search field it should work.

"-ob9LHPEaKY" worked (11 chars), but "D-_qS_3KXBA" (11 chars) didn't,
though "-_qS_3KXBA" (10 chars) does.

$ echo -n '-ob9LHPEaKY' | base64 -d
base64: invalid input

$ echo -n 'D-_qS_3KXBA' | base64 -d
base64: invalid input

$ echo -n '-_qS_3KXBA' | base64 -d
base64: invalid input

It's "web-safe" base64, so you have to translate two characters.  It
should also have a "=" at the end to make it 12 characters, but the
decoder seems to accept it anyway.  However, you're only going to get 7
bytes of binary data.  It's not something readable.

echo -n '-ob9LHPEaKY' | tr _- /+ | base64 -d | od -tx1
0000000 fb fa 92 ff 72 97 04

It sounds like you are talking about the Base64 URL encoder from
<http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc4648#section-5>. The character
repertoire includes minus ('-') and underscore ('_').

The original Base64 encoder from
<http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc4648#section-4> uses plus ('+') and
slash ('/').

I forgot that it was actually in the RFC. I found the info in various locations including the Mozilla docs. That's what the "tr" command in the chain is for. It converts the URL friendly characters back to the official base64 characters.

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