oh I'm not using the HistoryServer; I just wrote it ;)
Are these archives all in the same location? So we're roughly looking at 5 GB of archives then?

That could indeed "just" be a resource problem. The HistoryServer eagerly downloads all archives, and not on-demand. The next step would be to move some of the archives into a separate HDFS directory and try again.

(Note that by configuring "historyserver.web.tmpdir" to some permanent directory subsequent (re)starts of the HistorySserver can re-use this directory; so you only have to download things once)

On 29/05/2020 00:43, Hailu, Andreas wrote:

May I also ask what version of flink-hadoop you’re using and the number of jobs you’re storing the history for? As of writing we have roughly 101,000 application history files. I’m curious to know if we’re encountering some kind of resource problem.

*// *ah**

*From:*Hailu, Andreas [Engineering]
*Sent:* Thursday, May 28, 2020 12:18 PM
*To:* 'Chesnay Schepler' <ches...@apache.org>; user@flink.apache.org
*Subject:* RE: History Server Not Showing Any Jobs - File Not Found?

Okay, I will look further to see if we’re mistakenly using a version that’s pre-2.6.0. However, I don’t see flink-shaded-hadoop in my /lib directory for flink-1.9.1.

flink-dist_2.11-1.9.1.jar

flink-table-blink_2.11-1.9.1.jar

flink-table_2.11-1.9.1.jar

log4j-1.2.17.jar

slf4j-log4j12-1.7.15.jar

Are the files within /lib.

*// *ah**

*From:*Chesnay Schepler <ches...@apache.org <mailto:ches...@apache.org>>
*Sent:* Thursday, May 28, 2020 11:00 AM
*To:* Hailu, Andreas [Engineering] <andreas.ha...@ny.email.gs.com <mailto:andreas.ha...@ny.email.gs.com>>; user@flink.apache.org <mailto:user@flink.apache.org>
*Subject:* Re: History Server Not Showing Any Jobs - File Not Found?

Looks like it is indeed stuck on downloading the archive.

I searched a bit in the Hadoop JIRA and found several similar instances:

https://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/HDFS-6999 <https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=https-3A__issues.apache.org_jira_browse_HDFS-2D6999&d=DwMD-g&c=7563p3e2zaQw0AB1wrFVgyagb2IE5rTZOYPxLxfZlX4&r=hRr4SA7BtUvKoMBP6VDhfisy2OJ1ZAzai-pcCC6TFXM&m=b1rFpuaq4HMshPx-d-0ZmaazccTuKjDKzJjF0WZSIso&s=wtWbBz9FrMlr29HibXGZvdcsFC1wqyVPulrYiTewpoQ&e=>

https://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/HDFS-7005 <https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=https-3A__issues.apache.org_jira_browse_HDFS-2D7005&d=DwMD-g&c=7563p3e2zaQw0AB1wrFVgyagb2IE5rTZOYPxLxfZlX4&r=hRr4SA7BtUvKoMBP6VDhfisy2OJ1ZAzai-pcCC6TFXM&m=b1rFpuaq4HMshPx-d-0ZmaazccTuKjDKzJjF0WZSIso&s=0KgRQHmW0Xj6NToNVzoi9iAGh1SIbfe8cnCqj1TXuW8&e=>

https://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/HDFS-7145 <https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=https-3A__issues.apache.org_jira_browse_HDFS-2D7145&d=DwMD-g&c=7563p3e2zaQw0AB1wrFVgyagb2IE5rTZOYPxLxfZlX4&r=hRr4SA7BtUvKoMBP6VDhfisy2OJ1ZAzai-pcCC6TFXM&m=b1rFpuaq4HMshPx-d-0ZmaazccTuKjDKzJjF0WZSIso&s=oy8z5gRd6dNDURDDH20f2yiplIuJ9qnYZeVpTIrHMwc&e=>

It is supposed to be fixed in 2.6.0 though :/

If hadoop is available from the HADOOP_CLASSPATH and flink-shaded-hadoop in /lib then you basically don't know what Hadoop version is actually being used,

which could lead to incompatibilities and dependency clashes.

If flink-shaded-hadoop 2.4/2.5 is on the classpath, maybe that is being used and runs into HDFS-7005.

On 28/05/2020 16:27, Hailu, Andreas wrote:

    Just created a dump, here’s what I see:

    "Flink-HistoryServer-ArchiveFetcher-thread-1" #19 daemon prio=5
    os_prio=0 tid=0x00007f93a5a2c000 nid=0x5692 runnable
    [0x00007f934a0d3000]

    java.lang.Thread.State: RUNNABLE

            at sun.nio.ch.EPollArrayWrapper.epollWait(Native Method)

            at
    sun.nio.ch.EPollArrayWrapper.poll(EPollArrayWrapper.java:269)

            at
    sun.nio.ch.EPollSelectorImpl.doSelect(EPollSelectorImpl.java:79)

            at
    sun.nio.ch.SelectorImpl.lockAndDoSelect(SelectorImpl.java:86)

            - locked <0x00000005df986960> (a sun.nio.ch.Util$2)

            - locked <0x00000005df986948> (a
    java.util.Collections$UnmodifiableSet)

            - locked <0x00000005df928390> (a sun.nio.ch.EPollSelectorImpl)

            at sun.nio.ch.SelectorImpl.select(SelectorImpl.java:97)

            at
    
org.apache.hadoop.net.SocketIOWithTimeout$SelectorPool.select(SocketIOWithTimeout.java:335)

            at
    org.apache.hadoop.net.SocketIOWithTimeout.doIO(SocketIOWithTimeout.java:157)

            at
    org.apache.hadoop.net.SocketInputStream.read(SocketInputStream.java:161)

            at
    
org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.protocol.datatransfer.PacketReceiver.readChannelFully(PacketReceiver.java:258)

            at
    
org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.protocol.datatransfer.PacketReceiver.doReadFully(PacketReceiver.java:209)

            at
    
org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.protocol.datatransfer.PacketReceiver.doRead(PacketReceiver.java:171)

            at
    
org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.protocol.datatransfer.PacketReceiver.receiveNextPacket(PacketReceiver.java:102)

            at
    
org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.RemoteBlockReader2.readNextPacket(RemoteBlockReader2.java:201)

            at
    org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.RemoteBlockReader2.read(RemoteBlockReader2.java:152)

            - locked <0x00000005ceade5e0> (a
    org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.RemoteBlockReader2)

            at
    
org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.DFSInputStream$ByteArrayStrategy.doRead(DFSInputStream.java:781)

            at
    org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.DFSInputStream.readBuffer(DFSInputStream.java:837)

            - eliminated <0x00000005cead3688> (a
    org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.DFSInputStream)

            at
    
org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.DFSInputStream.readWithStrategy(DFSInputStream.java:897)

            - locked <0x00000005cead3688> (a
    org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.DFSInputStream)

           at
    org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.DFSInputStream.read(DFSInputStream.java:945)

            - locked <0x00000005cead3688> (a
    org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.DFSInputStream)

            at java.io.DataInputStream.read(DataInputStream.java:149)

            at
    
org.apache.flink.runtime.fs.hdfs.HadoopDataInputStream.read(HadoopDataInputStream.java:94)

            at java.io.InputStream.read(InputStream.java:101)

            at org.apache.flink.util.IOUtils.copyBytes(IOUtils.java:69)

            at org.apache.flink.util.IOUtils.copyBytes(IOUtils.java:91)

            at
    
org.apache.flink.runtime.history.FsJobArchivist.getArchivedJsons(FsJobArchivist.java:110)

            at
    
org.apache.flink.runtime.webmonitor.history.HistoryServerArchiveFetcher$JobArchiveFetcherTask.run(HistoryServerArchiveFetcher.java:169)

            at
    java.util.concurrent.Executors$RunnableAdapter.call(Executors.java:511)

            at
    java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.runAndReset(FutureTask.java:308)

            at
    
java.util.concurrent.ScheduledThreadPoolExecutor$ScheduledFutureTask.access$301(ScheduledThreadPoolExecutor.java:180)

            at
    
java.util.concurrent.ScheduledThreadPoolExecutor$ScheduledFutureTask.run(ScheduledThreadPoolExecutor.java:294)

            at
    
java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1142)

            at
    
java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:617)

            at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:745)

    What problems could the flink-shaded-hadoop jar being included
    introduce?

    *// *ah

    *From:*Chesnay Schepler <ches...@apache.org>
    <mailto:ches...@apache.org>
    *Sent:* Thursday, May 28, 2020 9:26 AM
    *To:* Hailu, Andreas [Engineering] <andreas.ha...@ny.email.gs.com>
    <mailto:andreas.ha...@ny.email.gs.com>; user@flink.apache.org
    <mailto:user@flink.apache.org>
    *Subject:* Re: History Server Not Showing Any Jobs - File Not Found?

    If it were a class-loading issue I would think that we'd see an
    exception of some kind. Maybe double-check that
    flink-shaded-hadoop is not in the lib directory. (usually I would
    ask for the full classpath that the HS is started with, but as it
    turns out this isn't getting logged :( (FLINK-18008))

    The fact that overview.json and jobs/overview.json are missing
    indicates that something goes wrong directly on startup. What is
    supposed to happens is that the HS starts, fetches all currently
    available archives and then creates these files.

    So it seems like the download gets stuck for some reason.

    Can you use jstack to create a thread dump, and see what the
    Flink-HistoryServer-ArchiveFetcher is doing?

    I will also file a JIRA for adding more logging statements, like
    when fetching starts/stops.

    On 27/05/2020 20:57, Hailu, Andreas wrote:

        Hi Chesney, apologies for not getting back to you sooner here.
        So I did what you suggested - I downloaded a few files from my
        jobmanager.archive.fs.dir HDFS directory to a locally
        available directory named
        /local/scratch/hailua_p2epdlsuat/historyserver/archived/. I
        then changed my historyserver.archive.fs.dir to
        file:///local/scratch/hailua_p2epdlsuat/historyserver/archived/
        and that seemed to work. I’m able to see the history of the
        applications I downloaded. So this points to a problem with
        sourcing the history from HDFS.

        Do you think this could be classpath related? This is what we
        use for our HADOOP_CLASSPATH var:

        
//gns/software/infra/big-data/hadoop/hdp-2.6.5.0/hadoop/*:/gns/software/infra/big-data/hadoop/hdp-2.6.5.0/hadoop/lib/*:/gns/software/infra/big-data/hadoop/hdp-2.6.5.0/hadoop-hdfs/*:/gns/software/infra/big-data/hadoop/hdp-2.6.5.0/hadoop-hdfs/lib/*:/gns/software/infra/big-data/hadoop/hdp-2.6.5.0/hadoop-mapreduce/*:/gns/software/infra/big-data/hadoop/hdp-2.6.5.0/hadoop-mapreduce/lib/*:/gns/software/infra/big-data/hadoop/hdp-2.6.5.0/hadoop-yarn/*:/gns/software/infra/big-data/hadoop/hdp-2.6.5.0/hadoop-yarn/lib/*:/gns/software/ep/da/dataproc/dataproc-prod/lakeRmProxy.jar:/gns/software/infra/big-data/hadoop/hdp-2.6.5.0/hadoop/bin::/gns/mw/dbclient/postgres/jdbc/pg-jdbc-9.3.v01/postgresql-9.3-1100-jdbc4.jar/

        //

        You can see we have references to Hadoop mapred/yarn/hdfs libs
        in there.

        *// *ah

        *From:*Chesnay Schepler <ches...@apache.org>
        <mailto:ches...@apache.org>
        *Sent:* Sunday, May 3, 2020 6:00 PM
        *To:* Hailu, Andreas [Engineering]
        <andreas.ha...@ny.email.gs.com>
        <mailto:andreas.ha...@ny.email.gs.com>; user@flink.apache.org
        <mailto:user@flink.apache.org>
        *Subject:* Re: History Server Not Showing Any Jobs - File Not
        Found?

        yes, exactly; I want to rule out that (somehow) HDFS is the
        problem.

        I couldn't reproduce the issue locally myself so far.

        On 01/05/2020 22:31, Hailu, Andreas wrote:

            Hi Chesnay, yes – they were created using Flink 1.9.1 as
            we’ve only just started to archive them in the past couple
            weeks. Could you clarify on how you want to try local
            filesystem archives? As in changing
            jobmanager.archive.fs.dir and historyserver.web.tmpdir to
            the same local directory?

            *// *ah

            *From:*Chesnay Schepler <ches...@apache.org>
            <mailto:ches...@apache.org>
            *Sent:* Wednesday, April 29, 2020 8:26 AM
            *To:* Hailu, Andreas [Engineering]
            <andreas.ha...@ny.email.gs.com>
            <mailto:andreas.ha...@ny.email.gs.com>;
            user@flink.apache.org <mailto:user@flink.apache.org>
            *Subject:* Re: History Server Not Showing Any Jobs - File
            Not Found?

            hmm...let's see if I can reproduce the issue locally.

            Are the archives from the same version the history server
            runs on? (Which I supposed would be 1.9.1?)

            Just for the sake of narrowing things down, it would also
            be interesting to check if it works with the archives
            residing in the local filesystem.

            On 27/04/2020 18:35, Hailu, Andreas wrote:

                bash-4.1$ ls -l /local/scratch/flink_historyserver_tmpdir/

                total 8

                drwxrwxr-x 3 p2epdlsuat p2epdlsuat 4096 Apr 21 10:43
                flink-web-history-7fbb97cc-9f38-4844-9bcf-6272fe6828e9

                drwxrwxr-x 3 p2epdlsuat p2epdlsuat 4096 Apr 21 10:22
                flink-web-history-95b3f928-c60f-4351-9926-766c6ad3ee76

                There are just two directories in here. I don’t see
                cache directories from my attempts today, which is
                interesting. Looking a little deeper into them:

                bash-4.1$ ls -lr
                
/local/scratch/flink_historyserver_tmpdir/flink-web-history-7fbb97cc-9f38-4844-9bcf-6272fe6828e9

                total 1756

                drwxrwxr-x 2 p2epdlsuat p2epdlsuat 1789952 Apr 21
                10:44 jobs

                bash-4.1$ ls -lr
                
/local/scratch/flink_historyserver_tmpdir/flink-web-history-7fbb97cc-9f38-4844-9bcf-6272fe6828e9/jobs

                total 0

                -rw-rw-r-- 1 p2epdlsuat p2epdlsuat 0 Apr 21 10:43
                overview.json

                There are indeed archives already in HDFS – I’ve
                included some in my initial mail, but here they are
                again just for reference:

                -bash-4.1$ hdfs dfs -ls /user/p2epda/lake/delp_qa/flink_hs

                Found 44282 items

                -rw-r----- 3 delp datalake_admin_dev      50569
                2020-03-21 23:17
                
/user/p2epda/lake/delp_qa/flink_hs/000144dba9dc0f235768a46b2f26e936

                -rw-r----- 3 delp datalake_admin_dev      49578
                2020-03-03 08:45
                
/user/p2epda/lake/delp_qa/flink_hs/000347625d8128ee3fd0b672018e38a5

                -rw-r----- 3 delp datalake_admin_dev      50842
                2020-03-24 15:19
                
/user/p2epda/lake/delp_qa/flink_hs/0004be6ce01ba9677d1eb619ad0fa757

                ...

                *// *ah

                *From:*Chesnay Schepler <ches...@apache.org>
                <mailto:ches...@apache.org>
                *Sent:* Monday, April 27, 2020 10:28 AM
                *To:* Hailu, Andreas [Engineering]
                <andreas.ha...@ny.email.gs.com>
                <mailto:andreas.ha...@ny.email.gs.com>;
                user@flink.apache.org <mailto:user@flink.apache.org>
                *Subject:* Re: History Server Not Showing Any Jobs -
                File Not Found?

                If historyserver.web.tmpdir is not set then
                java.io.tmpdir is used, so that should be fine.

                What are the contents of
                /local/scratch/flink_historyserver_tmpdir?

                I assume there are already archives in HDFS?

                On 27/04/2020 16:02, Hailu, Andreas wrote:

                    My machine’s /tmp directory is not large enough to
                    support the archived files, so I changed my
                    java.io.tmpdir to be in some other location which
                    is significantly larger. I hadn’t set anything for
                    historyserver.web.tmpdir, so I suspect it was
                    still pointing at /tmp. I just tried setting
                    historyserver.web.tmpdir to the same location as
                    my java.io.tmpdir location, but I’m afraid I’m
                    still seeing the following issue:

                    2020-04-27 09:37:42,904 [nioEventLoopGroup-3-4]
                    DEBUG HistoryServerStaticFileServerHandler -
                    Unable to load requested file /overview.json from
                    classloader

                    2020-04-27 09:37:42,906 [nioEventLoopGroup-3-6]
                    DEBUG HistoryServerStaticFileServerHandler -
                    Unable to load requested file /jobs/overview.json
                    from classloader

                    flink-conf.yaml for reference:

                    jobmanager.archive.fs.dir:
                    hdfs:///user/p2epda/lake/delp_qa/flink_hs/

                    historyserver.archive.fs.dir:
                    hdfs:///user/p2epda/lake/delp_qa/flink_hs/

                    historyserver.web.tmpdir:
                    /local/scratch/flink_historyserver_tmpdir/

                    Did you have anything else in mind when you said
                    pointing somewhere funny?

                    *// *ah

                    *From:*Chesnay Schepler <ches...@apache.org>
                    <mailto:ches...@apache.org>
                    *Sent:* Monday, April 27, 2020 5:56 AM
                    *To:* Hailu, Andreas [Engineering]
                    <andreas.ha...@ny.email.gs.com>
                    <mailto:andreas.ha...@ny.email.gs.com>;
                    user@flink.apache.org <mailto:user@flink.apache.org>
                    *Subject:* Re: History Server Not Showing Any Jobs
                    - File Not Found?

                    overview.json is a generated file that is placed
                    in the local directory controlled by
                    /historyserver.web.tmpdir/.

                    Have you configured this option to point to some
                    non-local filesystem? (Or if not, is the
                    java.io.tmpdir property pointing somewhere funny?)

                    On 24/04/2020 18:24, Hailu, Andreas wrote:

                        I’m having a further look at the code in
                        HistoryServerStaticFileServerHandler - is
                        there an assumption about where overview.json
                        is supposed to be located?

                        *// *ah

                        *From:*Hailu, Andreas [Engineering]
                        *Sent:* Wednesday, April 22, 2020 1:32 PM
                        *To:* 'Chesnay Schepler' <ches...@apache.org>
                        <mailto:ches...@apache.org>; Hailu, Andreas
                        [Engineering] <andreas.ha...@ny.email.gs.com>
                        <mailto:andreas.ha...@ny.email.gs.com>;
                        user@flink.apache.org
                        <mailto:user@flink.apache.org>
                        *Subject:* RE: History Server Not Showing Any
                        Jobs - File Not Found?

                        Hi Chesnay, thanks for responding. We’re using
                        Flink 1.9.1. I enabled DEBUG level logging and
                        this is something relevant I see:

                        2020-04-22 13:25:52,566
                        [Flink-HistoryServer-ArchiveFetcher-thread-1]
                        DEBUG DFSInputStream - Connecting to datanode
                        10.79.252.101:1019

                        2020-04-22 13:25:52,567
                        [Flink-HistoryServer-ArchiveFetcher-thread-1]
                        DEBUG SaslDataTransferClient - SASL encryption
                        trust check: localHostTrusted = false,
                        remoteHostTrusted = false

                        2020-04-22 13:25:52,567
                        [Flink-HistoryServer-ArchiveFetcher-thread-1]
                        DEBUG SaslDataTransferClient - SASL client
                        skipping handshake in secured configuration
                        with privileged port for addr =
                        /10.79.252.101, datanodeId = DatanodeI

                        
nfoWithStorage[10.79.252.101:1019,DS-7f4ec55d-7c5f-4a0e-b817-d9e635480b21,DISK]

                        *2020-04-22 13:25:52,571
                        [Flink-HistoryServer-ArchiveFetcher-thread-1]
                        DEBUG DFSInputStream - DFSInputStream has been
                        closed already*

                        *2020-04-22 13:25:52,573
                        [nioEventLoopGroup-3-6] DEBUG
                        HistoryServerStaticFileServerHandler - Unable
                        to load requested file /jobs/overview.json
                        from classloader*

                        2020-04-22 13:25:52,576 [IPC Parameter Sending
                        Thread #0] DEBUG Client$Connection$3 - IPC
                        Client (1578587450) connection to
                        d279536-002.dc.gs.com/10.59.61.87:8020 from
                        d...@gs.com <mailto:d...@gs.com> sending #1391

                        Aside from that, it looks like a lot of
                        logging around datanodes and block location
                        metadata. Did I miss something in my
                        classpath, perhaps? If so, do you have a
                        suggestion on what I could try?

                        *// *ah

                        *From:*Chesnay Schepler <ches...@apache.org
                        <mailto:ches...@apache.org>>
                        *Sent:* Wednesday, April 22, 2020 2:16 AM
                        *To:* Hailu, Andreas [Engineering]
                        <andreas.ha...@ny.email.gs.com
                        <mailto:andreas.ha...@ny.email.gs.com>>;
                        user@flink.apache.org
                        <mailto:user@flink.apache.org>
                        *Subject:* Re: History Server Not Showing Any
                        Jobs - File Not Found?

                        Which Flink version are you using?

                        Have you checked the history server logs after
                        enabling debug logging?

                        On 21/04/2020 17:16, Hailu, Andreas
                        [Engineering] wrote:

                            Hi,

                            I’m trying to set up the History Server,
                            but none of my applications are showing up
                            in the Web UI. Looking at the console, I
                            see that all of the calls to /overview
                            return the following 404 response:
                            {"errors":["File not found."]}.

                            I’ve set up my configuration as follows:

                            JobManager Archive directory:

                            *jobmanager.archive.fs.dir*:
                            hdfs:///user/p2epda/lake/delp_qa/flink_hs/

                            -bash-4.1$ hdfs dfs -ls
                            /user/p2epda/lake/delp_qa/flink_hs

                            Found 44282 items

                            -rw-r----- 3 delp datalake_admin_dev     
                            50569 2020-03-21 23:17
                            
/user/p2epda/lake/delp_qa/flink_hs/000144dba9dc0f235768a46b2f26e936

                            -rw-r----- 3 delp datalake_admin_dev     
                            49578 2020-03-03 08:45
                            
/user/p2epda/lake/delp_qa/flink_hs/000347625d8128ee3fd0b672018e38a5

                            -rw-r----- 3 delp datalake_admin_dev     
                            50842 2020-03-24 15:19
                            
/user/p2epda/lake/delp_qa/flink_hs/0004be6ce01ba9677d1eb619ad0fa757

                            ...

                            ...

                            History Server will fetch the archived
                            jobs from the same location:

                            *historyserver.archive.fs.dir*:
                            hdfs:///user/p2epda/lake/delp_qa/flink_hs/

                            So I’m able to confirm that there are
                            indeed archived applications that I should
                            be able to view in the histserver. I’m not
                            able to find out what file the overview
                            service is looking for from the repository
                            – any suggestions as to what I could look
                            into next?

                            Best,

                            Andreas

                            
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            more information about how we use and disclose your
            personal data, how we protect your information, our legal
            basis to use your information, your rights and who you can
            contact, please refer to: www.gs.com/privacy-notices
            <http://www.gs.com/privacy-notices>

        ------------------------------------------------------------------------


        Your Personal Data: We may collect and process information
        about you that may be subject to data protection laws. For
        more information about how we use and disclose your personal
        data, how we protect your information, our legal basis to use
        your information, your rights and who you can contact, please
        refer to: www.gs.com/privacy-notices
        <http://www.gs.com/privacy-notices>

    ------------------------------------------------------------------------


    Your Personal Data: We may collect and process information about
    you that may be subject to data protection laws. For more
    information about how we use and disclose your personal data, how
    we protect your information, our legal basis to use your
    information, your rights and who you can contact, please refer to:
    www.gs.com/privacy-notices <http://www.gs.com/privacy-notices>


------------------------------------------------------------------------

Your Personal Data: We may collect and process information about you that may be subject to data protection laws. For more information about how we use and disclose your personal data, how we protect your information, our legal basis to use your information, your rights and who you can contact, please refer to: www.gs.com/privacy-notices <http://www.gs.com/privacy-notices>


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