This matches what I found on Kubuntu 26.04.1: the ~/.cache/fontconfig
layout with .cache-12 files plus cache-9/10/11 symlinks is written by
the fontconfig 2.18.3 bundled in Google Chrome 154 (the symlinks come
from its compat code), and the system fontconfig 2.17.1 then reads
Chrome's cache, including placeholder entries without family and charset
for .woff/.woff2 files:
https://gitlab.freedesktop.org/fontconfig/fontconfig/-/work_items/565.
That is why a rebuild helps only until Chrome runs again.

Qt 6.10 crashes on such a fallback pattern because it does not check the
result of FcPatternGetCharSet(); 0xfefefefefefefefe is the build's fill
value for the uninitialized pointer. Qt fix: qtbase 80ddc8dee6a0; SRU
request for qt6-base: bug 2168504. Related: bug 2168311 (with a
workaround that survives Chrome runs).

(Analysed with the help of an AI assistant, Claude.)

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https://bugs.launchpad.net/bugs/2168420

Title:
   libfontconfig: SIGSEGV in FcCharSetHasChar (rax=0xfefefefefefefefe)
  in Qt6 apps with a user font cache in ~/.cache/fontconfig

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