Here is some information that might shed some light on the problem.
I am running Linux in a virtual machine (VM) using VirtualBox.  I have a 
working 13.10 VM that boots using /boot on /sda1, and a number of other disks 
that are tied together using LVM. The /root, /home, etc. directories are all in 
the LVM.  Linux is the only operating system.  I took a tar copy of all the 
files associated with the 13.10 VM.  Then:
1.  I tried to upgrade to 14.04.  The upgrade seemed to succeed, but would not 
boot with the dreaded grub_term_highlight_color missing message.
2. I took a tar copy of the VM with the failed upgrade.  I still have this copy.
3. I used tar to restore the 13.10 VM
4. I used the recommended "sudo dpkg-reconfigure grub-pc" command.  The message 
informed me that the disk that grub was originally installed to was no longer 
present.  I believe this message is true.  It also presented me with a list of 
disks to install grub to.  There was no default chosen for me (I expected to 
find /dev/sda as default).  If I hit OK without choosing a disk, it warned me 
that grub would not be installed.  I went back to the list, chose /dev/sda and 
hit OK.  It then did its job with "No error reported."
5. I then did the upgrade to 14.04.  The upgraded system booted normally.  
SUCCESS!

My conclusion is that the upgrade process on my original system NEVER
INSTALLED GRUB at all!  When it did the equivalent of the dpkg-
reconfigure grub-pc, it found that the original disk grub was installed
to was missing (true) but then decided NOT to install grub anywhere.  In
comment 268, Philip Susi indicated this might be a bug, and I agree it
is a bug in my situation.

I suggest that, at the end of the upgrade process, when the upgrader
asks whether or not to remove obsolete packages, it should also warn the
user that grub was never installed and give the user another chance to
install it.

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https://bugs.launchpad.net/bugs/1289977

Title:
  Ubuntu 14.04 Update breaks grub, resulting in "error: symbol
  'grub_term_highlight_color' not found"

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