Re: How to turn grub2-install from sad to happy.

2024-03-20 Thread Jonathan Billings

On Mar 20, 2024, at 20:10, Sam Varshavchik  wrote:
> 
> Stephen Morris writes:.
>> 
>> If I can ask a silly question, given that on UEFI systems grub2-install is 
>> redundant, and the initial messages you were getting were indicating you are 
>> booting in a UEFI environment, why are you running grub2-install at all?
> 
> Because, my experience on my other, bios, system was that grub rpm updates 
> were not updating "everything".

If your only experience is with the legacy CSM, it might be worth looking up 
how UEFI systems boot. 

The tl;dr story is that the system firmware has some variables that say where 
to look for EFI volumes, and it launches EFI executables from those volumes. No 
tiny boot sectors or second stage loaders, just EFI executables on a FAT32 
filesystem. 

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Re: libvirtd.service start

2024-03-23 Thread Jonathan Billings
On Mar 22, 2024, at 00:53, Samuel Sieb  wrote:
>> Nothing from the journal tells anything that I understand
>> # journalctl -b -u libvirtd
>> Mar 21 09:31:17 HPZ440.attlocal.net systemd[1]: Starting libvirtd.service - 
>> libvirt legacy monolithic daemon...
>> Mar 21 09:31:18 HPZ440.attlocal.net systemd[1]: Started libvirtd.service - 
>> libvirt legacy monolithic daemon.
>> Mar 21 09:33:18 HPZ440.attlocal.net systemd[1]: libvirtd.service: 
>> Deactivated successfully.
> 
> I'm not sure what's going on here.  systemd kind of starts it, but then 
> apparently either systemd shuts it down or the service decides it has nothing 
> to do and quits.

I notice it’s exactly 2 minutes.  If you notice the process running, it says it 
runs with “--timeout 120”.  I wonder if this is the similar to the virtnetworkd 
bug we saw last year?

Try disabling the timeout with:
echo LIBVIRTD_ARGS= > /etc/sysconfig/libvirtd && systemctl restart libvirtd
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Re: Uh-oh...

2024-03-30 Thread Jonathan Billings


> On Mar 30, 2024, at 13:16, Patrick O'Callaghan  wrote:
> 
> On Sat, 2024-03-30 at 12:08 -0500, Dave Ihnat wrote:
>> Didn't see this go by, but it looks hot enough to risk a repeat
>> posting.
>> From a friend:
>> 
>>   It appears there's been a very serious effort to backdoor sshd on
>>   Linux via the xz compression/decompression system.
>> 
>>   https://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2024/03/29/4
>> 
>>   If you have anything running very recent Linux, it's worth
>> investigating
>>   whether you're affected.
> 
> AFAIK this only applies to Rawhide and the (as yet unreleased) F40,
> both of which I assume will be patched ASAP.

Thankfully, it looks like the version that was released in the Fedora 40 beta 
repos (v5.6.0) was compiled with a configure flag that prevented the backdoor 
from running, because the malicious code unintentionally caused Fedora’s QA 
process to reject the initial updated package (if I understand correctly). 
Upstream released a new version that allowed Fedora to build with the feature, 
it just didn’t make it in the beta freeze. Complete coincidence. Fedora has 
since reverted the xz packages to v5.4.6 in 40, so if you’re  running the beta, 
you can `dnf downgrade xz*’ to get the older version, if it doesn’t 
automatically downgrade.

We are pretty sure there are no other backdoors in xz or liblzma, but all the 
contributions by this author are getting heavy scrutiny. Some distros are even 
discussing reverting xz back until the version before the malicious 
co-maintainer joined the project, which will require significant effort.

Major props to the Fedora team for handling this, and the security team at Red 
Hat who were involved with the discovery and investigation.  We should also all 
thank Andres Freund for his meticulous discovery of the backdoor, without 
which, we might have ended up with it he backdoor running in production for 
many distros.


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Re: HP elitedesk 705 G1 mt will not boot from dvd

2024-04-01 Thread Jonathan Billings
On Mar 25, 2024, at 13:43, Thomas Cameron  
wrote:
> 
> On 3/25/24 11:38, Patrick O'Callaghan wrote:
>>> On Mon, 2024-03-25 at 11:07 -0500, Thomas Cameron wrote:
>>> dmesg > /dev/nvme1n1
>> What's that about?
>> poc
> 
> To further clarify, my system uses NVMe drives (/dev/nvme0n1 and 
> /dev/nvme1n1). So when I do dmesg > /dev/nvme1n1 as root, it overwrites the 
> first few hundred k of the NVMe disk, nuking the partition tables and boot 
> instructions and the like. Then when I reboot, it causes my machine to PXE 
> boot. You can nuke any drive by writing to the first few sectors, so it could 
> have been /dev/sda, /dev/vda, /dev/xvda, or whatever.

On any modern system that uses UEFI, you can just use “efibootmgr -n ” to 
temporarily set the next boot target to be the PXE boot entry (which has its 
own unique entry, replace  with its number). Probably also worth deleting 
the existing entry to boot into Fedora at the same time. 

Wiping the partition table doesn’t always guarantee that the next boot will be 
PXE, which is why I liked to automate it specifically. 

No need to delete or wipe any bootloaders or partition tables, although it 
probably doesn’t hurt. I had a kickstart that preserved custom stuff like the 
krb5 keytab between reloads in the kickstart %pre section, so I didn’t want to 
just nuke the filesystem. 

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Re: a tool like xte(1) but for Wayland?

2024-04-17 Thread Jonathan Billings
On Apr 16, 2024, at 15:22, Don Marti  wrote:
> 
> I  have some old shell functions that use xte to fake some keyboard input. 
> For example, this is a function to run its argument(s) in a new 
> gnome-terminal tab.
> 
> run_in_tab ()
> {
>xte 'keydown Control_L' 'keydown Shift_L' 'key t' 'keyup Control_L' 'keyup 
> Shift_L' 'sleep 1' "str exec $*" 'key Return'
> }
> 
> Is there a tool packaged in new Fedora versions that's like xte, but for 
> Wayland?

One of the security measures a that Wayland gives you is the limitations on the 
ability of other apps sending (or reading) key press events in other apps 
(including the desktop). This means that tools like xte and xdotool won’t work 
except in XWayland apps. 

There are tools like ydotool (https://github.com/ReimuNotMoe/ydotool) but they 
need direct access to /dev/input, which generally need root access (and if 
every app can read it, it’s just as bad as X). 

I suspect this is something a GNOME extension would replace, and not by sending 
key presses but replicating the results. 

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Re: Fedora 40 . Questiun : What is Fedora Castor.i

2024-04-27 Thread Jonathan Billings
On Apr 27, 2024, at 06:58, Ger van Dijck  wrote:Hello Fedora Lovers,I installed Fedora 40 , Perfect all runs fine , Good work , You must be proud !Question what does the Fedora Castor software ?Which software are you talking about?  There are several software projects that use the name “Castor” in some form. Perhaps there was an automatic translation error?There was a “castor” package once but it has been abandoned for at least 3 years. (https://src.fedoraproject.org/rpms/castor/commits/rawhide )-- Jonathan Billings--
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Re: F40 and breaking file command change

2024-05-01 Thread Jonathan Billings
On May 1, 2024, at 16:21, Samuel Sieb  wrote:
> 
> When you change software versions, it's up to you to check for any changes.  
> This is a really minor change.

You’re right about that. I deal with this kind of thing each release, which is 
why I have a test environment that gets the alpha or beta release and is always 
subscribed to the testing repos. 

Honestly, when I first looked at the script I figured it was the wget->wget2 
update that landed in F40. 

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Re: What is Castor ? Att.Jonathan Billings.

2024-05-07 Thread Jonathan Billings
On May 4, 2024, at 12:28, Roger Heflin  wrote:
> 
> castor is someplace on your machine defined as the linux node's hostname.
> 
> dhcp-client does deliver the defined hostname in the dhcp
> requests/responses to the router when it asks for the IP address.
> 
> What does 'hostname' report?   and 'hostnamectl' report as the hostname?

This is the correct answer. “Castor” is your systems host name.

Some home router/gateways will remember the hostname a system used as part of 
their network, and when handing out the same IP to a new host, re-uses the 
saved hostname.

I’ve never encountered one of these devices, but I’ve heard of windows systems 
and even phones can do this.

Set your preferred hostname either in GNOME Settings (or whatever DE’s 
settings) or with hostnamectl.

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Re: statistics on Fedora and RHEL usage

2024-05-12 Thread Jonathan Billings


> On May 12, 2024, at 09:39, Michael D. Setzer II via users 
>  wrote:
> 
> https://truelist.co/blog/linux-statistics/
> Has some info. #18 topic has Ubuntu listed at just under 34%.
> Debian at 16%, CentOS at 9.3%, RedHat at 0.8%, Gentoo at 0.5%,
> and then Fedora at 0.2%. But no real clue on how they came up
> with those numbers, or what kind of users those are.

Those numbers are based on public web servers running those distros, and there 
are a lot of caveats to even that breakdown, see the methodology of the 
research:

https://w3techs.com/technologies

While Fedora can and is used for web services (and is much more common in the 
cattle-not-pets style of container web services), a lot of the more traditional 
server practices requires a stable, unchanging web service platform which you 
see in RHEL and other LTS distros. 

It’s unlikely you’ll ever get good stats on desktop distro usage breakdown, if 
you consider how angry the community got when Fedora simply *proposed* 
tracking. The only thing I can think of: Ubuntu can track their snap store 
because it’s their own proprietary product and so there aren’t mirrors or 
alternate stores to obfuscate results, so I imagine they’ll always have ways to 
track users and post numbers. 

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Re: OT: SFTP with lftp

2024-05-22 Thread Jonathan Billings
On May 21, 2024, at 05:01, Frederic Muller  wrote:
> I thought someone here could help me out. I am using lftp to automate some 
> file copy on Ubuntu 20.04. The originating server is switching to SFTP and I 
> have about a week for testing. It works fine by default with F40.
> 
> On ubuntu it seems by default lftp is not compiled with sftp support as I 
> didn't get any trace of libssl.so using ldd.
> 
> I then removed it, compiled a new version with sftp support, checked with ldd 
> for libssl.so and got it but it is still not working. Any idea what could be 
> the problem then, or how to further troubleshoot?
> 

By “SFTP” do you mean FTP over SSL/TLS, or the OpenSSH “sftp” backend which 
runs over the SSH protocol? Two completely different protocols. 

I suspect that lftp just calls out to the OpenSSH sftp binary if it uses SSH. 

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Re: OT: SFTP with lftp

2024-05-22 Thread Jonathan Billings
On May 22, 2024, at 16:32, Samuel Sieb  wrote:
> 
>> By “SFTP” do you mean FTP over SSL/TLS, or the OpenSSH “sftp” backend which 
>> runs over the SSH protocol? Two completely different protocols.
>> I suspect that lftp just calls out to the OpenSSH sftp binary if it uses SSH.
> 
> Sort of.  It calls "ssh" to run "sftp" on the other end.

I think you’re confusing OpenSSH’s “sftp” with their “scp”, which calls the 
remote scp when it runs, and which it’s why it’s not considered secure and is 
often disabled.

The local sftp client uses the SSH protocol to invoke the sftp subsystem on the 
remote sshd, which can be configured to either use an internal sftp server or 
call out to an “sftp-server” binary.  You can also use ForceCommand to run that 
executable for certain users, essentially making it an sftp-only account.

Either way, it’s going over the SSH port and all access is handled via the 
SSH’s config.


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Re: Trying to get drupal running

2024-05-28 Thread Jonathan Billings


> On May 28, 2024, at 00:57, Ryan Bach via users 
>  wrote:
> 
> This is what I have but it isn't working:
> 
> 
>ServerAdmin ad...@example.net
>ServerName drupal.example.net
>DocumentRoot /home/ryan/drupal
>
>Allowoverride all
>
> 

In general, it’s not the best practice to serve out of a user’s home directory. 
Better to serve content out of /var/www or /srv. 

One thing that’ll interfere is that the httpd process might not have permission 
to read the files, and that you need to add the right UNIX groups to the files 
and directories. 

More likely is that by default, the httpd cannot reach into user’s homedirs, 
prevented by the standard selinux policy. You’d need to enable a certain 
Boolean to allow that:

setsebool -P httpd_enable_homedirs 1

If you continue to have problems after fixing the above, please describe the 
actual errors you get, and include the appropriate errors you find in the httpd 
error_log. 

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Re: Network install options?

2024-06-01 Thread Jonathan Billings
If you can just point at an ISO, use the Everything boot.iso

https://dl.fedoraproject.org/pub/fedora/linux/releases/40/Everything/x86_64/os/images/

If you have a bootloader of some sort, you can download the vmlinuz and 
initrd.img from here:

https://dl.fedoraproject.org/pub/fedora/linux/releases/40/Everything/x86_64/os/images/pxeboot/

… and boot using them, and add the kernel arguments described here:

https://anaconda-installer.readthedocs.io/en/latest/boot-options.html

There are options for setting up the networking, choosing a graphical or text 
install, and other options. 

I’d probably use a kickstart to automate an install, but that’s what I do for 
my job so it’s my comfort zone. 

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> On May 31, 2024, at 21:06, Alex  wrote:
> 
> 
> Hi,
> I have a new server with OVH that I'd like to install fedora40 over the 
> network in some way. I can do IPMI, but that prevents me from doing a 
> graphical install.
> 
> I don't think I can do the PXE option because DHCP doesn't work across the 
> Internet. I'm assuming the DHCP server for my server only recognizes the MAC 
> for my network card, not for PXE boot?
> 
> Are there other options available? Something I'm not thinking of?
> 
> I don't have local access, so installing via CDROM or USB stick is not 
> possible.
> 
> Maybe I can load some type of basic system into RAM, then use that to somehow 
> boot fedora?
> 
> 
> 
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Re: RAID options during install?

2024-06-01 Thread Jonathan Billings
On Jun 1, 2024, at 17:17, Doug Herr  wrote:
> 
> On Sat, Jun 1, 2024, at 12:33 PM, Alex wrote:
>>> 
>>> We have some documentation about RAID installation.
>>> 
>>> - Fedora Server Installation Guide
>>>  https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/fedora-server/installation/
>>> 
>>> - Fedora Server interactive local installation -> Raid configuration
>>>  
>>> https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/fedora-server/installation/interactive-local/#_raid_configuration
>> 
>> Thanks so much for your help. A few general questions:
>> 
>> - Can (should?) I put /boot/efi on RAID5? It lets me choose the option,
>> but then complains and wants it on RAID1. Does it set up RAID1 with a
>> failover?
> 
> I was thinking about this thread and just started a test. My thinking was 
> that /boot/efi is small and thus raid 1 made the most sense. It let me select 
> 3 disks and the install (under VirtualBox) is going on right now. Note that 
> raid 1 is not limited to just two disks/partitions, it can make multi disk 
> mirror sets. Most people don't really think about that since you don't get 
> the size advantages of raid 5.

I’m not sure it matters. I’m not aware of any hardware that would be capable of 
detecting a failed drive in a software RAID when the EFI firmware launches the 
bootloader. 

Most likely setting up RAID1 and then adding a separate EFI boot entry for each 
part of the array would get you the closest to redundancy. But it would still 
only be looking at the fat32 filesystem on each device. 

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Re: password issue with f40

2024-06-19 Thread Jonathan Billings
On Jun 19, 2024, at 13:25, Michael Hennebry  
wrote:
> 
> I recently installed F40 from DVD.
> F40 and I are having a difference of opinion
> regarding what password I gave the initial user.
> F40 is winning.
> I find it hard to believe I typed in the same wrong password twice,
> but it's F40's opinion that counts.
> I try to login: click on the user and type in my password.
> F40 just goes back to the select a user screen.
> There is only one user.
> 
> My usual strategy is to boot a live disk
> and to edit the passwd and shadow files directly.
> It did not work.
> Now F40 no longer even gives me a chance to type in a password.
> It just blinks at me and goes right back to the select a user screen.
> What is going on?
> How do I fix it?
> I would much prefer not to reinstall.
> Even if I have to reinstall, I would like to know what is going on.
> My line from /etc/passwd :
> hennebry::1000:1000:The Michael:/home/hennebry:/bin/bash
> My line from /etc/shadow :
> hennebry::19893:0:9:7:::

If what you posted is actually what’s in /etc/shadow then you’ve set a null 
password for your account. There should be no password prompt at all. 

However, if you’ve removed the “nullok” from the pam_unix.so lines in 
/etc/pam.d (or Fedora has finally removed it in F40), accounts with a null 
password hash entry won’t be able to log in. 

I’m going to assume from here on that you actually are using a password. 

So, if you’ve used a rescue disk to boot into Linux, chroot into your OS’s 
disk, and run “passwd” to change a password, or otherwise edit /etc/shadow or 
/etc/passwd (or other files in /etc), you most likely need to fix the selinux 
labels of those files. Easiest way to do this is to run “touch /.autorelabel” 
before exiting the chroot, then rebooting. That will force the OS to check the 
selinux labels on all the files in your filesystem upon boot. It might take 
some time. 

Another solution is to boot with “enforcing=0” in the kernel arguments, and see 
if you can log in. If so, then you can manually run a relabel by running “sudo 
restorecon -R -v /etc”. 


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Re: password issue with f40

2024-06-19 Thread Jonathan Billings
On Jun 19, 2024, at 16:41, Joe Zeff  wrote:
> 
> On 06/19/2024 02:31 PM, Jonathan Billings wrote:
>> So, if you’ve used a rescue disk to boot into Linux, chroot into your OS’s 
>> disk, and run “passwd” to change a password, or otherwise edit /etc/shadow 
>> or /etc/passwd (or other files in /etc), you most likely need to fix the 
>> selinux labels of those files. Easiest way to do this is to run “touch 
>> /.autorelabel” before exiting the chroot, then rebooting. That will force 
>> the OS to check the selinux labels on all the files in your filesystem upon 
>> boot. It might take some time.
> 
> Why don't you just KISS by following the instructions to reset the root 
> password, except that the command you need to run is:
> 
> passwd $USERNAME
> 
> using your regular account's username.

That still won’t fix SELinux labeling issues.

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Re: Fedora F40 Won't Power Off

2024-06-21 Thread Jonathan Billings
> Hi,
>      Ever since a couple of updates ago, from KDE, when I select 
> "Shutdown" KDE displays a black screen (it used to be that you could 
> press the escape key and it would show you the apps that were closing 
> down so you could see which apps were causing shutdown/reboot lag, but 
> that doesn't seem to be working at the moment) but never physically 
> powers off the pc, even if I leave it running all day/all night.
> Has anyone else seen this issue or know what I can look for to identify 
> why?
> I have just put on an update that has installed kernel 6.9.4, I haven't 
> done a restart yet to see if that rectifies the issue.

You might be able to get a list of processes that have a systemd inhibit lock 
on shutdown.  

You can run "systemd-inhibit --list" to get a list of all the inhibition locks. 
 Not sure if it's something inhibiting a shutdown, but that's how you'd check.

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Re: crond

2024-06-22 Thread Jonathan Billings
On Jun 22, 2024, at 10:34, Patrick Dupre via users 
 wrote:
> 
> ls -la /etc/cron.weekly/
> 
> drwxr-xr-x.   2 root root  4096 Jun 22 16:14 .
> drwxr-xr-x. 248 root root 20480 Jun 22 16:04 ..
> -rwxr-xr-x.   1 root root  1685 Jun  8 16:17 backup3
> -rwxr-xr-x.   1 root root  3563 Jun  8 16:36 backup.cron
> -rwxr-xr-x.   1 root root  3561 Jun  6 22:55 backup.cron.saved
> 
> 
> Good, it seems that (during the update?), a backup.cron.saved has been 
> created.
> I guess that I can just moved to backup.cron_saved

The Cron daemon will not modify those files, and that’s not the naming suffix 
that RPM updates will create, which would only happen if the file was a package 
anyway.  You had to have created that file. Perhaps you forgot?

Also, renaming it to yet another suffix will not stop it from running along 
side the backup.cron.  You need to remove it from the directory to get it to 
stop executing a second cron job.

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Re: Hypothetical boot question

2024-07-03 Thread Jonathan Billings


> On Jul 2, 2024, at 19:31, Mike Wright  wrote:
> 
> On 7/2/24 07:44, Frank Bures wrote:
>> Hi,
>> I was wondering if it was possible to boot the existing F40 installation 
>> from a USB.  I tried to research this but everything I was able to find 
>> dealt with booting a live image of F40 from USB and/or installing a live 
>> image of F40 on a USB.
>> What I want is to create a USB stick with /boot and /boot/efi fs in such a 
>> way that it boots an existing F40 installation on a HD.
>> I am not talking about rescuing the system from a live Fedora USB.  I am 
>> talking about a fully automatic boot of an existing installed Fedora from a 
>> USB.
>> Is it possible and what would it involve?
> 
> I found this article; it is 8 years old and mostly covers MBR boot but there 
> is one efi boot example.
> 
> https://unix.stackexchange.com/questions/252936/grub2-boot-to-a-second-another-hard-disk
> 
> --
> 
> This one looks interesting.  Harddrives are hdX starting at 0.  Add a 
> menuentry to your usb grub.cfg
> 
> 
> menuentry "Boot from second disk" {
>   chainloader (hd1)+1
> }
> 
> but changed to this:
> 
> menuentry "Boot from first harddisk" {
>  chainloader (hd0)+1
> }
> 
> Give it a try and see what happens.

That won’t work for UEFI, you’d need to give a path to a UEFI executable on 
hdX. 

I believe you’d edit: /etc/grub.d/40_custom to add that to the final grub.cfg. 

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Re: nmcli and system-connections

2024-07-03 Thread Jonathan Billings
On Jul 3, 2024, at 12:15, Alex  wrote:
> However, I also have virtual interfaces on eth1:1 and others. What are the 
> next steps?

Interface aliases are pretty much deprecated (see the thread about ifconfig), 
you’d just assign multiple IPs/prefixes to eth1. 

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Re: isues with f40 install

2024-07-05 Thread Jonathan Billings
On Jul 5, 2024, at 04:00, François Patte  
wrote:
> 
> Le 2024-07-05 03:03, Tide Ka a écrit :
>>> Should I understand that if you have a windows installation on a disk with 
>>> some (big) space left, you cannot install f40 as a dual boot system? 
>>> (because anaconda is unable to ignore the windows partition)
>> That (dual-boot) is based upon anaconda's behaviour. Basically it is
>> about telling bootloader about other partitions to boot from by adding
>> more entries.
>> Anaconda being unable to ignore partition, in case of preparing a
>> dual-boot, should not be the root cause. As you cannot add an entry
>> for a partition if you simply ignore it.
>> Just like others have mentioned, you may consider adding another entry
>> to existing bootloader configuration instead of trying to make another
>> ESP.
> 
> How can I do that? I have a /boot partition (RAID1 array) containing kernel 
> stuff for installed fedora 36 (config, initramfs, System.map, vmlinuz...) and 
> some directories:
> 
> efi/EFI/fedora/ (empty)
> 
> grub2/ a lot of things for grub (config, etc...)
> 
> loader/entries
> 
> How can I use this partition to tell anaconda to add fedora 40 system boot?
> 
> Thank you.

Is it possible that your Fedora 36 install was installed as a BIOS boot 
install, but you’ve booted the Fedora 40 installer as an EFI boot?  You can’t 
install a non-efi bootloader if you booted via EFI bootloader on installer. 

That would explain why there’s no EFI volume on your 36 install. 

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Re: isues with f40 install

2024-07-05 Thread Jonathan Billings
On Jul 5, 2024, at 12:15, François Patte  
wrote:
> Yes! But how can I boot the installer as a BIOS boot?

You would need to either turn off UEFI boot in the BIOS or choose a special 
boot option upon boot. It is entirely up to your hardware - Fedora can’t do 
anything about it once it’s booted the bootloader.

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Re: apache won't start after upgrade - read-only filesystem

2024-07-06 Thread Jonathan Billings
On Jul 5, 2024, at 13:40, Alex  wrote:Hi,> I've just upgraded from fedora38 to fedora39 and directly to fedora40 and now  
> apache won't start:
>
>
> (30)Read-only file system: AH00091: httpd: could not open error log file  
> /home/httpd/http://www.mysite.com/logs/error_log>www.mysite.com/logs/err 
> or_log.
> AH00015: Unable to open logs
>
>
>
> It has something to do with /home, as it seems it is unable to write anywhere  
> on /home, even after changing the document root for any virtual host to  
> various directories on /home it still fails with the same message, even  
> though I'm confident the path exists and is writable.

I know exactly what this is. I ran into it myself. Say hello to systemd:

ProtectHome=read-only

Do:

systemctl edit httpd

And add:

[Service]
ProtectHome=false

This'll turn this whole thing off.That indeed was the fix. Thanks so much. That's crazy.Do you have any idea why this option isn't part of the systemd service file on the other systems I upgraded? The document root for the other systems uses/var/www, but they didn't have this problem, and their home directories are also defined with this path.I'll work on moving the logs out of the same general tree as the document root, but this seems like a big change. Maybe I missed it in the changelog?This change is largely because it protects user home directories from malicious httpd attacks against poorly written executable code that would allow remote login (such as dropping a pubkey into a user’s authorized_keys) or by altering an admin’s login environment (replacing their .bashrc). Running web sites out of /home is still possible, they just can’t also write to /home.-- Jonathan Billings-- 
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Re: issue with f40 installer [2]

2024-07-07 Thread Jonathan Billings
On Jul 7, 2024, at 04:24, François Patte  
wrote:
> 
> Le 2024-07-06 23:20, Samuel Sieb a écrit :
>>> On 7/6/24 3:13 AM, François Patte wrote:
>>> Le 2024-07-06 09:43, Mike Wright a écrit :
>>>> On 7/6/24 00:37, François Patte wrote:
>>>>> Bonjour,
>>>>> On another post I complained that I couldn't install f40 due, I thought, 
>>>>> to existing partitions on a disk...
>>>>> I tried to install on new disks without anything on them and used 
>>>>> blivet-gui to define the partitions: I want RAID1 arrays, so I defined 
>>>>> each of them asking for RAID1 on two disks and ext4 or luks file system.
>>>>> Here is the error message given when I press the Done button:
>>>>> https://www.bertuccio.homelinux.net/IMG_20240705_194641.jpg
>>>>> It is in French, I am sorry but I think that it understable
>>>>> The song is "device RAID cannot be of luks type, ext4 type...  device 
>>>>> RAID cannot be mounted on device /boot/efi,... partition EFI cannot be of 
>>>>> type mdmember and so on...
>>>> It is telling you that it wants a separate partition for /boot/efi and
>>>> that separate partition cannot be part of a raid array.
>>> Thank you for answering.
>>> I changed my config and defined a separate partition boot-efi, and the 
>>> message is still the same.
>>> Here what I have done:
>>> sda1  file system boot-efi mounted on /boot
>> That is not correct.  You need a FAT32 EFI partition mounted at /boot/efi.
> 
> OK. I try again and define sda1 as a boot efi partition mounted on /boot/efi 
> and *not* in a RAID1 array as specified.
> 
> Other partitions are in RAID1 arrays ext4 as I wish.
> 
> But The song is now (I translate from French):

FWIW, I think you mean “error” not “song”.

> "The device of the boot loader stage2 f40-root (this my / partition) is on a 
> multidisk matrix but not the one of stage1 sda1 (this is my /boot/efi 
> partition)"
> 
> I did not ask for the boot loader should be on the / partition but, as 
> required on /boot/efi partition...
> 
> This un-understable!!
> 
> Who knows how to get out of this trap?
> 
> Thank you.

I think it also wants a /boot partition in this case.  It can be ext4. Make 
sure it is big enough for 3 kernels+initrds, at least 1G.

I’ve not really explored the RAID install options so it might be that the type 
of RAID you chose can’t be mounted by GRUB. If grub can’t get to the kernel and 
initrd, it can’t boot the OS.

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Re: Problems with certifcates, firefox and chrome

2024-07-07 Thread Jonathan Billings
On Jul 7, 2024, at 12:33, Enrique Artal  wrote:
> I made other tries, and using certutil to get the key, this program 
> complained about an obsolete rc2-40-cbc something; adding the option -legacy 
> was successful and bringing back the certificate to pk12 I was able to import 
> it in google-chrome (still not in firefox).

You can check your current cryptography policy by running:

   update-crypto-policy --show

It should return DEFAULT

If you set it to LEGACY (update-crypto-policy --set LEGACY) does it work?  If 
this is the case, most likely the encryption type is simply not supported in 
the default configuration. Is it possible that whoever issued the cert has 
created a new one with an algorithm that isn’t rather old and falling out of 
support?

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Re: Is there an equivalent of Ubuntu Pro for Fedora?

2024-07-14 Thread Jonathan Billings
On Jul 13, 2024, at 17:19, Bill Oliver  wrote:
> I grew up on Red Hat/Fedora years ago, but moved to Ubuntu because some 
> software I used was available in binary form only in that distro.  Recently, 
> I've moved back to Fedora.   One thing i took advantage of when I was using 
> Ubuntu was the free level one Ubuntu Pro program that provided some useful 
> security scripts and such.   Is there an equivalent or near-equivalent to 
> Ubuntu Pro at the free personal level for Fedora?   Are there any 
> standardized security checklists, etc. available?

Perhaps you’re interested in something like OpenSCAP security profiles, which 
Fedora suppets:

https://static.open-scap.org/ssg-guides/ssg-fedora-guide-standard.html
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Re: nvidia drivers installation

2024-07-14 Thread Jonathan Billings
On Jul 14, 2024, at 04:51, François Patte  
wrote:
> 
> Bonjour,
> 
> According to some howto, it is enough to install akmods-nvidia and reboot. 
> some others tell that we have to generate and install some signature
> 
> I have secure boot enabled.
> 
> Is there some how-to explaining with details how to proceed.   I'm not very 
> good with efi boot system nor secure boot.

You have to enroll your own key in the firmware:

https://rpmfusion.org/Howto/Secure%20Boot

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Re: Is there an equivalent of Ubuntu Pro for Fedora?

2024-07-15 Thread Jonathan Billings
> I wonder if anyone vets that information?

Just check the references:

https://static.open-scap.org/ssg-guides/ssg-fedora-guide-standard.html#xccdf_org.ssgproject.content_rule_accounts_maximum_age_login_defs

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Re: Discover not showing updates recently?

2024-07-15 Thread Jonathan Billings
On Jul 15, 2024, at 07:35, Neal Becker  wrote:
> 
> 
> I've noticed that recently I'm not seeing Discover notifying me of available 
> updates.  Is there some setting for this?


Does ‘sudo dnf update’ return any updates either?

What release of Fedora are you using?

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Re: Error (19) after reboot RHEL9.2 server: Replica has different database generation ID, remote replica may need to be initialized (RUV error

2024-07-17 Thread Jonathan Billings
On Jul 16, 2024, at 20:15, Alex Nazarenko  
wrote:
> 
> Hello, colleagues,
> 
> After moving to RHEL9.2 and 389-ds-base-2.4.5-8.el9_4.x86_64 the following 
> behavior is observed:
> 
> The system is Supplier-consumer.
> 1. Patch RHEL9.2 supplier server
> 2. Reboot the supplier server to enable patches
> 3. Observe the following error in the replication agreement:
> {"state": "red", "ldap_rc": "0", "ldap_rc_text": "Success", "repl_rc": "19", 
> "repl_rc_text": "RUV error", "date": "2024-07-16T19:16:48Z", "message": 
> "Error (19) Replication error acquiring replica: Replica has different 
> database generation ID, remote replica may need to be initialized (RUV 
> error)"}
> 
> Is there a way to avoid such behavior, or what is the best way to fix the 
> replication agreement short of removing and re-initializing the consumer?

I suggest switching to Fedora, since this is a Fedora mailing list, then at 
least it’s on topic. 389-ds-base is part of RHEL, it’s not in EPEL.

Since you’re using RHEL, perhaps you can open a case with Red Hat to get help?  
There is also a 389-users list, although I don’t know if it’s limited to Fedora 
versions.

https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/389-us...@lists.fedoraproject.org/

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Re: rkhunter flags /dev/shm/jack* files

2024-07-22 Thread Jonathan Billings
On Jul 22, 2024, at 19:55, fed...@eyal.emu.id.au wrote:
> 
> Yesterday I set up midi for a keyboard, so installed qjackctl/qsynth. This 
> morning, in the rkhunter daily run report I see:
> 
> Warning: Suspicious file types found in /dev:
> /dev/shm/jack-shm-registry: data
> /dev/shm/jack_sem.500_default_qsynth: data
> /dev/shm/jack_sem.0_default_system: data
> 
> $ ls -l /dev/shm
> -rw-rw-rw- 1 eyal eyal 70744 Jul 22 19:25 jack-shm-registry
> -rwxr-xr-x 1 root root12 Jul 22 19:28 jack_sem.0_default_system
> -rwxr-xr-x 1 eyal eyal12 Jul 22 19:36 jack_sem.500_default_qsynth
> 
> $ dnf provides /dev/shm/jack-shm-registry
> Error: No matches found. If searching for a file, try specifying the full 
> path or using a wildcard prefix ("*/") at the beginning.
> 
> Probably generated files. Does packaging not mention generated files?

/dev/shm is a tmpfs filesystem. Anything placed there is wiped after shutdown. 
It doesn’t exist on the disk. 

Jack uses it for ephemeral files that only exist while it runs. 

While it’s possible to use %ghost in the rpm spec for files to be owned by a 
package but not included, this is probably not the right label for this kind of 
file. 


Rkhunter complains about anything it finds in /dev/shm. 

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Re: Cloning a BTRFS filesystem

2024-07-29 Thread Jonathan Billings
On Jul 26, 2024, at 06:35, Patrick O'Callaghan  wrote:
> 
> On Wed, 2024-07-24 at 11:14 +0100, Patrick O'Callaghan wrote:
>>> On Tue, 2024-07-23 at 20:44 -0700, Gregorio Gervasio Jr. wrote:
>>> I just did this recently.  I used "btrfs replace", which is part
>>> of
>>> btrfs-progs.  See "man btrfs-replace" for details.
>>> It initially refused for one of my partitions (forgot the exact
>>> error
>>> message) but it worked after I ran "btrfs balance".
>>> --
>> Thanks. I'm slightly wary of clonezilla because multiple people seem
>> to
>> have had problems with it on BTRFS (may depend on the version). Also,
>> btrfs-replace is built-in and looks like it will do the job.
> 
> My mistake. btrfs-replace is for replacing a whole disk as part of a
> BTRFS filesystem. In my case I have a vfat EFI partition, an ext4 /boot
> partition, and a BTRFS root+/home partition, so btrfs-replace isn't
> going to do it.
> 
> I can copy each partition separately (using btrfs-clone for root+/home)
> and rsync for the others, but I'm not sure if I need to run grub2-
> mkconfig as well.

The “btrfs-replace” command can be used to do this. I use it in automation to 
migrate a btrfs filesystem on an unencrypted volume to a luks volume. All on 
one disk. 

You do need to manually recreate the efi and boot partition, identify the UUID 
of the /boot partition so grub can find it, as well as the fstab. New fstab 
means new initrds. Lastly you’ll need to create a new EFI boot entry. 

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Re: google-chrome stopped working for me, just showing '+' cursor and will not allow me to click.

2024-08-01 Thread Jonathan Billings

On Jul 30, 2024, at 15:32, Neal Becker  wrote:
> But I don't think it worked, because I don't see these options in ps.  Also 
> the original said:
> Exec=/usr/bin/google-chrome-stable --incognito

Are you positive you edited *EVERY* Exec line in the file? The incognito entry 
is just one of the many entries in the Desktop file. 

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Re: DNF upgrade not upgrading my kernel

2024-08-14 Thread Jonathan Billings
Dave Close wrote:
> Comparing your list to mine, I was struck by the size of /boot/efi.
> The size of mine is inflated by one directory of 288M,
> /boot/efi/7cf63543075b47d48d09f1649641c3a1. I don't know what that
> is or why it's there. But the contents look suggestive:
> # ls -lR  /boot/efi/7cf63543075b47d48d09f1649641c3a1
> /boot/efi/7cf63543075b47d48d09f1649641c3a1:
> total 16
> drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 2024-07-20 19:03 0-rescue
> drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 2024-08-13 09:42 6.10.3-200.fc40.x86_64
> drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 2024-08-01 04:04 6.9.12-200.fc40.x86_64
> drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 2024-07-20 19:03 7.00
> /boot/efi/7cf63543075b47d48d09f1649641c3a1/0-rescue:
> total 188184
> -rw--- 1 root root 176793402 2024-07-20 19:03 initrd
> -rwxr-xr-x 1 root root  15898984 2024-07-20 19:02 linux
> /boot/efi/7cf63543075b47d48d09f1649641c3a1/6.10.3-200.fc40.x86_64:
> total 53844
> -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 39122311 2024-08-13 09:42 initrd
> -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 16009576 2024-08-13 09:42 linux
> /boot/efi/7cf63543075b47d48d09f1649641c3a1/6.9.12-200.fc40.x86_64:
> total 52776
> -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 38149613 2024-08-01 04:04 initrd
> -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 15890792 2024-08-01 04:04 linux
> /boot/efi/7cf63543075b47d48d09f1649641c3a1/7.00:
> total 0
> It certainly seems as though the installation of the last two kernels
> got put into the efi directory. How could that happen?

I suspect I know why this happened.

Do you have the "sdubby" or "systemd-boot-unsigned" package installed (which 
brings in sdubby)?

The sdubby package installs an /etc/kernel/install.conf that tells the 
kernel-install script that runs in the kernel-core %post to install kernels and 
initrds in /boot/efi/$MACHINE_ID/.  (Where $MACHINE_ID is from the contents of 
/etc/machine-id).

This is something that systemd-boot uses, and I'm not sure why it happens, but 
some dependency seems to pull that package in for some people.

Backing it out simply means you need to uninstall the sdubby package and re-run 
the kernel-install command, or more simply, reinstall the kernel-core package. 
Once that's done, it will do the normal GRUB2 boot method of putting files into 
/boot/ and blscfg entries in /boot/loader/entries/.  

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Re: DNF upgrade not upgrading my kernel

2024-08-15 Thread Jonathan Billings
Dave Close wrote:
> Now I'll try to go back through my logs and try to see when sdubby
> got installed and why.

Once you've verified it boots into new kernels, feel free to delete the 
/boot/efi/$MACHINE_ID and /boot/efi/entries directory, so you aren't wasting 
space on the EFI volume or preventing any future attempts at booting from those 
files.

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Re: I need grep . help

2024-09-08 Thread Jonathan Billings
> On Sep 8, 2024, at 21:11, ToddAndMargo via users 
>  wrote:
> 
> Hi All,
> 
> I am literally looking for "9.4.5" with grep.  Grep thinks
> I want the dots to be wild cards.  What am I doing wrong?
> 
> $ curl -L "https://sourceforge.net/projects/crystaldiskinfo/files/"; -o - | 
> grep -i '9.4.5'

Use “grep -F”
   -F, --fixed-strings
  Interpret PATTERNS as fixed strings, not regular
  expressions.
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Re: boot/grub

2020-05-31 Thread Jonathan Billings
On May 31, 2020, at 04:41, Patrick Dupre  wrote:
> On a multi-boot PC, how grub is updated?
> In the past /etc/grub2.cfg was updated.

Specifically, with the legacy bootloader, it was /boot/grub2/grub.cfg that was 
updated, and the file in /etc was a symlink.

> and now?

If you use the legacy bootloader, it remains the same, but any modern x86_64 
hardware will use UEFI. So the grub.cfg is in /boot/efi/EFI/fedora/, along with 
the .efi executable for grub (and a signed shim EFI executable, for Secure 
Boot). 

> It seems that there are 2 tools: bootctl, and efibootmgr

bootctl is part of systemd-boot, which is a different bootloader than GRUB2.  
By default on Fedora x86, GRUB2 is used. 

The ‘efibootmgr’ tool is used to interact with the computer’s UEFI firmware.  
The firmware is what launches on boot, and it is configured with efibootmgr 
with what EFI executable to launch.  You need a fat32-formatted partition with 
the EFI label, which has an /EFI directory at its root.  All UEFI-compatible 
firmwares can read those volumes and look for EFI executables within.  So you 
can put a CentOS, Ubuntu, or Microsoft executable (or all of them!) and 
configure boot entries for each.  There is a BootOrder EFI firmware variable 
that stores the order in which it chooses what to boot, depending on which is 
available.  There’s the BootCurrent variable, as you mentioned, which shows 
what was last used to boot, and a BootNext which you can use to (temporarily) 
boot next boot. 

> What are the files managed by these tools?
All EFI variables are stored in the EFI firmware. Linux makes them available as 
files in /sys/firmware/efi/. **DO NOT MESS WITH THESE FILES OR DELETE THEM**. 
You can brick your hardware if you do so.  Just use the efibootmgr tool to 
change things.

Once grub is launched, it reads the grub.cfg in the EFI directory.  Modern 
Fedora doesn’t change the grub.cfg anymore, it reads data out of 
/boot/loader/entries/, where a grub.cfg fragment exists for each kernel.

Remember when I mentioned that the EFI was a fat32 filesystem?  Turns out that 
it’s a pretty unreliable filesystem and if the computer makes changes to it and 
is unceremoniously powered off, it will have a dirty bit set and the OS can’t 
even mount it when you start back up, causing boot errors and dropping you into 
the rescue shell. By putting a static grub.cfg into the EFI volume and all the 
changing entries into /boot/loader/entries, you’re only writing to a volume 
that is a journaled ext4 or XFS volume, which can be easily recovered. I 
believe that’s why there was the change. 

> Which tool is run after an update of the kernel?

/bin/kernel-install is run with a bunch of parameters.  It handles detection of 
what bootloader (grub legacy vs grub efi) and adding all the correct entries 
and may call tools such as grubby. 

There’s a bit more complexity to this but this is all I can remember off the 
top of my head and type on a mobile device.  (It’s too nice outside here to get 
out of my hammock!)

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Re: boot/grub

2020-06-01 Thread Jonathan Billings
On Mon, Jun 01, 2020 at 11:20:31AM +0200, Patrick Dupre wrote:
> with the -v option, I have
> BootCurrent: 
> Timeout: 1 seconds
> BootOrder: ,0002,0001
> Boot* fedora  
> HD(3,GPT,a5c3bc11-e83b-48d0-be96-783af37228f1,0x2001800,0xfa000)/File(\EFI\FEDORA\GRUBX64.EFI)
> [...]
> However, I do not understand how does this work with multi disks.
> We have
> /boot/efi/EFI/fedora/grubx64.efi
> on each disk ?
> Which does not seem to be the case.

If you see in the Fedora entry, it has:
HD(3,GPT,a5c3bc11-e83b-48d0-be96-783af37228f1,0x2001800\
,0xfa000)/File(\EFI\FEDORA\GRUBX64.EFI)

That means to look for a volume with the 3rd GPT partition, with the
UUID of a5c3bc11-e83b-48d0-be96-783af37228f1 (and some other data).
On that disk, look for the /EFI/FEDORA/GRUBX64.EFI executable
(remember, this is a DOS filesystem so it's case-insensitive).

Run 'blkid' on a running system, and you'll see that the PARTUUID of
the EFI volume matches the UUID in the above EFI entry.

You can have an EFI volume on multiple disks.  EFI also supports
things like network boot, which has a different syntax EFI entry.  The
efibootmgr command does a lot of the hard work of figuring that out
for you, so you don't need to manually enter that information.

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Re: boot/grub

2020-06-02 Thread Jonathan Billings
On Tue, Jun 02, 2020 at 07:31:33PM +1000, Stephen Morris wrote:
> I understand this is the entry that is being booted from, but I don't
> understand why it is that entry rather than boot0003, which looks to be the
> vm disk partition, when I am running fedora within a vm. I don't understand
> how this relates to the segmented disk image that virtualbox is using for
> fedora, as it is not a physical partition as far as I am aware. Virtualbox
> may make it look like a partition but I'm not up on the internal workings of
> virtualbox.


From the earlier message:

On Mon, Jun 01, 2020 at 05:38:00PM -0700, Samuel Sieb wrote:
> On 6/1/20 4:10 PM, Stephen Morris wrote:
> > Timeout: 0 seconds
> > BootOrder: 0005,,0001,0003,0004
> 
> This is the order that the entries will be tried in.

That's why it uses the Boot0005 before Boot0003 boot entry.  The order
is already defined.

The UEFI VBOX HARDDISK entries are most likely the VBox UEFI
implementation's entries to boot via the Compatibility Support Module
(CSM), which is the legacy BIOS boot method.

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Re: Mount options for mostly-offline drives

2020-06-02 Thread Jonathan Billings
On Tue, Jun 02, 2020 at 11:57:13AM +0100, Patrick O'Callaghan wrote:
> Thanks Ed. I managed to find the man pages under systemd-mount(1) but
> it took a while. The man page for mount(1) should have a reference but
> doesn't.

They aren't really mount options, but something that the
systemd-fstab-generator parses when it dynamically creates .mount
units from fstab entries.  For what it's worth, it's probably a better
idea to just create them as .mount units, that way you can take
advantage of them as requirements or dependencies for other services. 

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Re: booting problem

2020-06-03 Thread Jonathan Billings
On Wed, Jun 03, 2020 at 12:52:05AM -0400, doug.lindqu...@atlanticbb.net wrote:
> I recently tried to install Centos 8 on my 3tb uefi hd that already had
> Fedora 32 and Windows 10 on it.  The Centos installation did not finish
> because it could install the boot loader.  It ended up screwing up the uefi
> boot because it will no longer boot to anything.  It looks like the bios
> reset  to non uefi boot only.  My mb is Gigabyte B450 Auros with 64gb mem.

Did you install via an USB or CD/DVD?  Did you boot the installer via
legacy boot (extlinux) or UEFI (grub2)?  It'll install the bootloader
that was used to boot the install medium.


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Re: Mount options for mostly-offline drives

2020-06-03 Thread Jonathan Billings
On Tue, Jun 02, 2020 at 04:38:17PM +0100, Patrick O'Callaghan wrote:
> $ sudo lsof /raid
> lsof: WARNING: can't stat() fuse.gvfsd-fuse file system /run/user/1000/gvfs
>   Output information may be incomplete.
> lsof: WARNING: can't stat() fuse.portal file system /run/user/1000/doc
>   Output information may be incomplete.
> 
> Not sure why I'm getting gvfs errors. I do seem to be running some GVFS
> stuff for some reason (my desktop is KDE though I do have some GTK
> programs such as Firefox):

This is just a red herring.  lsof, running as root, can't poke around
in the gvfs mounts for a user.  The FUSE mounts for gvfs is locked
down so only users can get at them, as a security measure.  lsof looks
at all processes, including the gvfs ones.

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Re: Mount options for mostly-offline drives

2020-06-03 Thread Jonathan Billings
On Wed, Jun 03, 2020 at 11:37:51AM -0500, Roger Heflin wrote:
>
> It is not much of a useful security measure, since root can su - user
> and take a look see anyway.

It's more for protecting against root-level services and not a
malicious admin running as root.

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Re: scilab

2020-06-04 Thread Jonathan Billings
On Thu, Jun 04, 2020 at 04:41:45PM +0200, Patrick Dupre wrote:
> I cannot install scilab on fc32

The package was orphaned by its maintainer[1], and is failing to
install on Fedora 32, which will likely lead to it being removed at
the next release[2].  It looks like the install dependencies also were
dropped, which is why it isn't able to be installed anymore.


1. https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=1736646
2. https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=1834103


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Re: Hourly Error Message of Unknown Provenance

2020-06-08 Thread Jonathan Billings
On Mon, Jun 08, 2020 at 12:41:03PM -0400, R. G. Newbury wrote:
> Wow! So running as root causes error messages? Pull the other leg, it has
> bells on it!
> 
> And why? Because this was immediately after a clean install to a brand new
> drive, while I was still running upgrades and transferring files from
> backup. Much easier to do that as root, so that is what I do. If you want to
> type sudo a hundred times, go right ahead.
> 
> Running as root is not a disaster. Get over it.

Were you logging into the graphical session as root, or logging in as
a normal user and starting a root shell with sudo?  Or were you using
root at the console login instead of the graphical login?

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Re: Hourly Error Message of Unknown Provenance

2020-06-08 Thread Jonathan Billings
On Mon, Jun 08, 2020 at 01:54:21PM -0400, Tom Horsley wrote:
>
> I keep asking for people to point me to the huge list
> of exploits that certainly must exist given all the
> horrors expressed about running as root.
> 
> No one has ever been able to tell me where to find it.

Running a graphical session as root violates a very basic UNIX
principal of separation of access.  Root is a special case user
because it can (using normal UNIX permissions) access everything.

Every bug that tricks a process into allowing it to get at unexpected
resources is a bug that is even worse if you're running as root.

For example, if you are using a file manager that creates thumbprint
images for pictures in the directory it is viewing, any
image-rendering exploit now can launch processes that can access
everything, not just your user's data.  

Your web browser is one of the biggest vectors of attack on your
computer.  Now you've got poorly-secured javascript with the ability
to read every file and read all process's memory.

Fortunately, we have tools like SELinux that can contain what a
service running as root can do, but if you're running your desktop
session as root, it's largely uncontained.  You're throwing much of
the security the OS provides out the window.

Windows learned this lesson too, which is why you don't log in and run
as Administrator, and you need to get prompted to raise access level.
Sure, there are plenty of people who still do it, and they get
compromised that much easier.

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Re: How do I change the grub kernel boot parameters in F32 ?

2020-06-09 Thread Jonathan Billings
On Mon, Jun 08, 2020 at 09:06:39PM -0700, Mike Wright wrote:
> Follow that with a update-grub or update-grub2 (not sure which) and that
> will fix your grub.cfg without having to go through the grub-mkconfig
> process.

update-grub{,2} is a debian/ubuntu-ism, I believe.  I typically use
grub2-mkconfig after modifying /etc/default/grub.

One thing I've noticed, if you've used grubby to add/modify kernel
arguments, on default Fedora configs, it modifies all the files in
/boot/loader/entries/*.conf to have hard-coded kernelopts.  By
default, it uses $kernelopts which is defined in the default grub.cfg
but once grubby is run they're hard-coded in each entry file.  So
running grub2-mkconfig doesn't do anything anymore.  You might not
even realize you've used grubby, but packages like the rpmfusion
akmod-nvidia package runs it to add the blacklist kernel options.

Maybe this is a bug that has been fixed since I encountered it?

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Re: How do I change the grub kernel boot parameters in F32 ?

2020-06-10 Thread Jonathan Billings
On Tue, Jun 09, 2020 at 07:14:23PM -0600, linux guy wrote:
> Rebooted.  No change to the grub kernel parameters.

First, it's probably worth seeing whether you're booting via a legacy
boot (CSM) or directly to UEFI.

Does /sys/firmware/efi/ exist and have files in it?  Then you've
booted via EFI.  If it doesn't?  Then you aren't.

You might also want to make sure there aren't any other EFI or /boot
partitions that might be hanging around that are being used by the
boot that have old data on them.

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Re: How do I change the grub kernel boot parameters in F32 ?

2020-06-10 Thread Jonathan Billings
On Wed, Jun 10, 2020 at 12:20:35PM -0600, linux guy wrote:
> On Wed, Jun 10, 2020 at 7:31 AM Jonathan Billings 
> wrote:
> 
> > First, it's probably worth seeing whether you're booting via a legacy
> > boot (CSM) or directly to UEFI.
> >
> > Does /sys/firmware/efi/ exist and have files in it?  Then you've
> > booted via EFI.  If it doesn't?  Then you aren't.
> >
> 
> # ls -al /sys/firmware/efi
> total 0
> drwxr-xr-x.  5 root root0 Jun  9 19:06 .
> drwxr-xr-x.  6 root root0 Jun  9 19:06 ..
> -r--r--r--.  1 root root 4096 Jun 10 12:19 config_table
> drwxr-xr-x.  2 root root0 Jun  9 19:06 efivars
> drwxr-xr-x.  3 root root0 Jun 10 12:19 esrt
> -r--r--r--.  1 root root 4096 Jun 10 12:16 fw_platform_size
> -r--r--r--.  1 root root 4096 Jun 10 12:19 fw_vendor
> -r--r--r--.  1 root root 4096 Jun 10 12:19 runtime
> drwxr-xr-x. 11 root root0 Jun 10 12:19 runtime-map
> -r.  1 root root 4096 Jun 10 12:19 systab

So, you're using UEFI.  You can basically ignore the
/boot/grub2/grub.cfg file.  Anything you are working with will be in
/boot/efi/EFI/fedora/.  

> You might also want to make sure there aren't any other EFI or /boot
> > partitions that might be hanging around that are being used by the
> > boot that have old data on them.
> >
> 
> What/where do you want me to check ?

Look for another EFI partition.

Run `blkid` as root, and look for anything with:
PARTLABEL="EFI System Partition"

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Re: DNF Update this morning -

2020-06-11 Thread Jonathan Billings
On Thu, Jun 11, 2020 at 10:27:14AM -0600, Jerry James wrote:
>
> On Thu, Jun 11, 2020 at 10:08 AM Bob Goodwin  wrote:
> > No, not that I can see.
> >
> > [bobg@Workstation-1 ~]$ sudo rpm --rebuilddb
> > [sudo] password for bobg:password
> > [bobg@Workstation-1 ~]$
> >
> > Strange, no indication of any action at all?
> 
> Sorry, I wasn't paying attention.  The error is on a dnf database, not
> an rpm database.  See if this sounds like your case:
> 
> https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=1669824
> 
> The database dump and restore described there might help you.

I'd be interested in seeing the output of:


echo 'PRAGMA integrity_check;' | sudo sqlite3 /var/lib/dnf/history.sqlite

It should just return:

ok

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Re: How do I change the grub kernel boot parameters in F32 ?

2020-06-19 Thread Jonathan Billings

On Jun 19, 2020, at 03:34, Stephen Morris  wrote:
> 
> My issue with BLS is the way it displays the kernel menu entries in grub, it 
> is exactly the same as the way grubby showed the entries which I also hated, 
> consequently I refuse to use BLS until such time as they provide an option to 
> get the menus displayed as an entry for the current kernel and an expandable 
> menu for all other kernels and the recovery entries.


Do you mean something like changing:

GRUB_DISABLE_SUBMENU=true

... to ...

GRUB_DISABLE_SUBMENU=false

... in your /etc/default/grub?

(and of course regenerate the grub.cfg)

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Re: User no boot -

2020-06-27 Thread Jonathan Billings
On Jun 26, 2020, at 21:52, Bob Goodwin  wrote:
> So I tried the following:
> 
> Logout root via ssh:
> [root@box48 ~]# logout
> Connection to 192.168.50.148 closed.
> 
> Log in bobg:
> [bobg@WS1 ~]$ ssh bobg@192.168.50.148
> bobg@192.168.50.148's password:
> Last login: Tue May 26 15:16:50 2020 from 192.168.50.57
> /bin/bash: Permission denied
> Connection to 192.168.50.148 closed.
> 
> Login bob:
> 
> [bobg@WS1 ~]$ ssh bob@192.168.50.148
> bob@192.168.50.148's password:
> Last login: Tue May 26 15:20:58 2020 from 192.168.50.57
> /bin/bash: Permission denied
> Connection to 192.168.50.148 closed.
> 
> Both are refused. Maybe user/group settings? Tomorrow will be soon enough.
> None of this really matters since a reinstall will replace the existing 
> system.

You are successfully logging in as those other users, but the login process is 
launching the users’ login shell, and when /bin/bash is executed, the login 
session returns:
 “/bin/bash: Permission denied”.  Then the login session exits and you log out

My first guess is that either /bin/bash’s permissions are broken, and root 
either uses a different shell or the permissions only allows root. 

The output of “rpm -V bash” should tell you what is wrong with the package.


Now, personally, I see a long out of date system with ssh access and broken 
bash, and I immediately think “compromised system”. So I’d suggest caution.

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Re: Where are the microcode updates for Crosstalk in F32 ?

2020-06-30 Thread Jonathan Billings
On Tue, Jun 30, 2020 at 09:25:01PM +0530, Sreyan Chakravarty wrote:
> Would be great if I could be absolutely certain about this.
> 
> For now, saying that it works without verification, is just like wishful
> thinking for me.

Take a look at /proc/cpuinfo

Your CPU code will be the:
'cpu family'-'model'-'stepping'

So, for example, on my computer, that is:
6  - 58  - 9

Now, Intel uses the hex for that, so lets get it easily:

$ printf '%02x-%02x-%02x\n' 6 58 9
06-3a-09

So, lets look at the github page for the intel microcode releases:

https://github.com/intel/Intel-Linux-Processor-Microcode-Data-Files/releases

I don't see my CPU ID mentioned there, so the latest microcode doesn't
seem to have been updated for my CPU.  Either the CPU isn't vulnerable
or they didn't address it.

But if I look at another computer:

$ printf '%02x-%02x-%02x\n' 6 94 3
06-5e-03

I do see it.  And the microcode_ctl update does appear to be applying
an update.  Actually, that one is a RHEL system and in its notes, it
says that it doesn't apply the microcode update because it causes
hangs.

Hopefully this will help you research your own system.

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Re: Mount samba share using pam_mount

2020-07-01 Thread Jonathan Billings
On Wed, Jul 01, 2020 at 07:10:15PM +0100, Simon Colston wrote:
>
> I guess nobody has experience of this.  Is this not normal practice?

I've been using autofs with Kerberos authentication coming from the
user's tickets (and the request-key infrastructure for credential
handoff).
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Re: Audacity: "Error opening recording device"

2020-07-01 Thread Jonathan Billings
On Tue, Jun 30, 2020 at 08:03:11PM +0300, Matti Pulkkinen wrote:
> stan via users kirjoitti 30.6.2020 klo 16.28:
> > 
> > https://bugzilla.redhat.com/
> 
> Sorry, but I'm a little confused now. I'm not sure what component exactly
> I'm supposed to file the bug against. Do I file it against Gnome Software
> specifically, or against something else? Is there a way to file a bug
> specifically against a flatpak?
> 
> One other question: Gnome Software says the Audacity package I installed was
> a flatpak, but when I go to registry.fedoraproject.org where this flatpak is
> supposedly coming from, I see that Audacity is supposed to be pulled down
> with either podman or docker. What's going on here?

As best I can understand, the default Flatpak remote that is installed
is called fedora, which is defined as:

[remote "fedora"]
url=oci+https://registry.fedoraproject.org
xa.title=Fedora
xa.title-is-set=true

So, the flatpak is being run from the Fedora docker/podman registry.

I poked around in Koji, and it appears that the container is being
built using the package build process with a special
f32-flatpak-candidate build target.  I didn't get too much more into
it, but I think its safe to say, you should report flatpak issues on
the audacity component.  Hopefully the person in charge of it is even
aware that it's being built as a flatpak.

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Re: where does virsh-manage keep its settings?

2020-07-06 Thread Jonathan Billings
On Jul 6, 2020, at 00:33, ToddAndMargo via users 
 wrote:
> my virt-manager starts as a user now, but the VM's
> I configured are gone (back as root)

When you run virt-manager as root, which connection are you using?  Is it 
“qemu:///system” or “qemu:///session”?

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Re: newbie question about version numbers of Linux software

2020-07-08 Thread Jonathan Billings
On Jul 7, 2020, at 23:11, David  wrote:
> I still have not figured out
> the game-launcher "Athenaeum." I can't get any of the
> games installed with that to update. Is there a separate
> updater inside the game-launcher ? Maybe they are up
> to date, but Gnome Software does not think so. Try
> Hitori for example, since it is so tiny, and you might be
> able to verify my issue. I have not yet check in terminal
> to see if the version number matches what Gnome Software
> is claiming.

According to the project’s web page:

> Athenaeum uses flatpak as its packaging system and pulls all data from 
> flathub currently.

GNOME software updates flatpak too, so I’d expect it updates the software 
you’ve installed via flatpak.  You could test it with the command `flatpak 
update`. (Or if it’s installed as the user, `flatpak —user update`. 

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Re: Migrqate from Legacy to EUFI?

2020-07-08 Thread Jonathan Billings
On Jul 8, 2020, at 16:32, toddandmargo via users 
 wrote:
> 
> Hi All,
> 
> I need to migrate a Fedora server from a mechanical hard drive
> running legacy boot to an NVMe drive that requires EUFI to
> boot.
> 
> Am I stuck reinstalling everything?

Is this a BIOS limitation?  I don’t think there’s any reason why you couldn’t 
boot via legacy to a GPT-labeled disk with GRUB installed.

But if you are migrating, you could boot off the old disk with the nvme 
hardware attached, and set it up with a UEFI partition, a separate /boot 
partition, and the rest as LVM, and then migrate the data.  Once you have the 
correct UUID of the non-LVM volumes updated in your fstab, and the 
grub2-efi-x86_64 package installed, you can give it a try to switch over.

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Re: crond

2020-07-08 Thread Jonathan Billings

On Jul 8, 2020, at 16:34, Patrick Dupre  wrote:
> 
> Why cron.weekly does not show up?

Look in /etc/anacrontab. 

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Re: Migrqate from Legacy to EUFI?

2020-07-08 Thread Jonathan Billings

On Jul 8, 2020, at 17:11, toddandmargo via users 
 wrote:
> 
> The motherboard has both legacy and eufi on it.
> 
> The original drive was partitioned as msdos and  Fedora was installed as 
> legacy boot.
> 
> The new NVMe drive requires EUFI to be seen by the bios and by Fedora .  
> Fedora 
> requires gtp to install to an NVMe drive
> 
> Even though I knew it would not work, I tried clonzilla'ing the two.  
> 
> The issue stands that the new  drive has to be gpt, have a 1 mb empty space
> at the beginning to accommodate the EUFI boot stuff and another partition
> for Fedora to handle the EUFI boot stuff

The 1mb empty partition at the beginning of a GPT labeled disk is only needed 
if you are booting via Legacy boot. While booting via UEFI (the correct order 
of those letters) you will need the EFI partition to be much larger than that 
since it needs to hold at least one EFI executable and the grub config and 
related bits. 

> I currently have the NVMe drive with Xfce and FC32 installed on it.  But
> I now have the bios back to legacy and the NVMe drive has disappeared 
> again (which is what I temporarily want).
> 
> The scope of this server has changed dramatically, so reinstalling might
> no be such a bad idea.  It would dump a lot of sins of the past.  I just
> was to restore users, groups, /home, /export, samba, ftp and I am
> good to go.
> 
> Oh, and I am upgrading the old server from 30 to 32 at the moment

I know I needed to rebuild my Fedora server recently, the LVM version used to 
build it was so old that I was getting warnings in my log watch reports. A 
testament to how well fed up/dnf system-upgrade has worked, I suppose. Anyway, 
I took the opportunity to LUKS-encrypt my disks the last time I installed. 

It shouldn’t be difficult to mount the old disk and copy over relevant data. 

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Re: Migrqate from Legacy to EUFI?

2020-07-08 Thread Jonathan Billings
On Jul 8, 2020, at 18:42, Ed Greshko  wrote:
> So, you think he meant fat or ntfs?  I can't recall an "msdos" file system.

No one in this thread is talking about filesystems, but instead disk petition 
tables. 

Linux and Windows On x86  use disks that are partitioned with a DOS partition 
table (or disk label for old Unix folks). It’s what has the Master Boot Record:

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Master_boot_record

We now also use a GUID Partition Table for partitioning disks, and it’s 
required for UEFI. Most modern hardware supports GPT. 

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GUID_Partition_Table

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Re: Migrqate from Legacy to EUFI?

2020-07-08 Thread Jonathan Billings
On Jul 8, 2020, at 20:20, Jonathan Billings  wrote:
> 
> petition tables

Er partition tables. 

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Re: tty

2020-07-11 Thread Jonathan Billings
> On Jul 11, 2020, at 10:28, Patrick Dupre  wrote:
> 
> Hello,
> 
> When I make ctl/alt F3 to open a tty connection, I can login, but, then
> I get
> 
> /home/user: change directory failed: permission denied
> 
> cd /home/user
> works fine


I assume /home/user is local to the system and not a remote filesystem or 
something unusual? I’ll assume it is a normal Linux filesystem. 

You might want to make sure the selinux attributes are correct on /home. 

Run ‘restorecon -r -v /home’ to fix. 

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Re: Samba problems -

2020-07-15 Thread Jonathan Billings
On Tue, Jul 14, 2020 at 07:57:59PM -0400, Bob Goodwin wrote:
> then I thought I'd better try rebooting this computer,
> ws1. Now after the restart/reboot the network browser displays nothing, not
> even the Mac portable which I believe is still running.

Since you disabled Avahi, you shouldn't expect to see anything the Mac
advertises via mdns (i.e. Bonjour, Rendezvous, DNS-SD, zeroconf,
etc. etc.).  

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Re: Create bootable disk with fedora - but not using live-CD

2020-07-20 Thread Jonathan Billings
On Mon, Jul 20, 2020 at 05:48:43PM +0100, Barry Scott wrote:
> I want to create a bootable USB stick that runs fedora.
> 
> I do not want to create a Live-CD USB stick because live-CD
> fails to boot on my main PC. And no one seems to know how to
> fix this. By using a read-write USB stick I can add in debug
> code to the boot process and try to findout what is hanging
> the boot process.
> 
> What my google-fu is failed to do is figure out how to find
> instruction on how to do this with getting live-CD instructions.
> 
> I'm guessing that I should be able to use anaconda or dnf to get
> the heavy lifting done.
> 
> Does anyone know what the steps I need to follow are?

A LiveCD is basically a Fedora install with some stuff automatically
starting once its booted, and potentially a different bootloader.
It's not clear from what you've mentioned whether a standard Fedora
install on a USB disk would help.

Just booting from the LiveCD with additional kernel parameters would
probably be sufficient to test your system.  Can you not interact with
the bootloader of the LiveCD?  You could potentially edit the livecd
image and change the default kernel parameters.

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Re: More portal nonsense?

2020-07-21 Thread Jonathan Billings
On Tue, Jul 21, 2020 at 07:59:33AM -0400, Tom Horsley wrote:
> Imagine my surprise to find this in my daily logwatch:
> 
> df: /root/.cache/doc: Operation not permitted
> 
> So I check it out:
> 
> [root@zooty ~]# mount | fgrep doc
> portal on /root/.cache/doc type fuse.portal 
> (rw,nosuid,nodev,relatime,user_id=0,group_id=0)
> 
> More nonsense from portal and flatpak being dragged in?

I was under the impression that the xdg-document-portal only launched
via dbus when running a graphical session.  Are you logging into a
graphical session as root? 

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Re: GPU

2020-08-01 Thread Jonathan Billings

On Aug 1, 2020, at 10:14, Patrick Dupre  wrote:
> Can we use the GPU with fedora?
> I currently use OpenMP to parallelize my code.


Which GPU?  OpenMP is used on many HPC systems with nvidia compute cards, and 
some high end workstation GPUs can be used too, I think. 

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Re: not a block device -

2020-08-14 Thread Jonathan Billings
On Fri, Aug 14, 2020 at 11:30:24AM -0400, Bob Goodwin wrote:
>
> Can someone tell me how to make this work?
> 
> [root@WS1 bobg]# livecd-iso-to-disk
> /home/bobg/Downloads/Win10_1909_English_x64.iso /run/media/bobg/4C60-B824
> 
> ERROR:  '/run/media/bobg/4C60-B824' is not a block device
> 
> I found this in my notes, apparently Sam Sieb suggested it as a method of
> writing to a storage device, a flash drive in this case.

/run/media/bobg/4C60-B820 is not a block device, it's a mounted
directory.

You need to unmount the automounted volume and use the device
(i.e. /dev/sdX ) that was mounted.  You need to use the root device
and not a partition.

Also, livecd-iso-to-disk is for putting a livecd image on a flash
drive.  As far as I know, Windows 10 isn't a Linux liveCD.  I imagine
it will fail the attempt at a checksum.

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Re: not a block device -

2020-08-14 Thread Jonathan Billings
On Fri, Aug 14, 2020 at 12:34:29PM -0400, Bob Goodwin wrote:
> So now I did:
> 
> [root@WS1 bobg]# dd if=/home/bobg/Downloads/Win10_1909_English_x64.iso
> of=/run/media/bobg/4C60-B824  bs=4M
> dd: error writing '/run/media/bobg/4C60-B824': No space left on device
> 978+0 records in
> 977+0 records out
> 4101152768 bytes (4.1 GB, 3.8 GiB) copied, 26.677 s, 154 MB/s
> 
> It appears to have written 4+ GB to the thumb drive, it remains to be seen
> if it will run.

Again, /run/media/bobg/4C60-B824 is not the block device.

If it were a directory, you'd get an error immediately:

dd: failed to open '/run/media/bobg/4C60-B824': Is a directory

But, you didn't get that error, you just ran out of space, which makes
me think that perhaps you didn't write to anything but a file in
/run.

Please write to the block device.  It probably looks like something
like /dev/sdc, /dev/sdd, etc.  Be sure you are writing to the flash
drive and not, say, the disk where your OS lives.

I suggest installing the 'mediawriter' package, which has the Fedora
Media Writer application in it.  It will guide you through installing
the image to the flash drive.  There's a version for Windows and macOS
too. 


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Re: VideoConference Package?

2020-08-26 Thread Jonathan Billings
On Aug 26, 2020, at 20:31, Samuel Sieb  wrote:
> 
> Did you read the description of the project?  It's just a wrapper for the 
> Teams web interface, not really an application.

Unfortunately, that description applies to a good many apps these days. 

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Re: gnome-terminal

2020-08-31 Thread Jonathan Billings
On Mon, Aug 31, 2020 at 05:38:22PM +0200, Patrick Dupre wrote:
>
> echo $DISPLAY
> :0
> 
> ssh localhost
> xmodmap:  unable to open display ''
> xmodmap:  unable to open display ''
> 
> xterm 
> xterm: Xt error: Can't open display: 
> xterm: DISPLAY is not set

What about running xterm on the local display, not after ssh'ing into
localhost?  Of course nothing X is going to work after running 'ssh
localhost', you didn't tell it to forward X connections.


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Re: turn on the camera

2020-09-05 Thread Jonathan Billings
> On Sep 5, 2020, at 11:19, Patrick Dupre  wrote:
> 
> The only fn+fx which worked is fn+f1 (help of gnome).

I don’t think you are hitting the right key sequence. Pressing the F1 key alone 
brings up the gnome help, Fn-F1 does something hardware-dependent. 

Fn-F6 (pressed in that order, keeping the Fn pressed down) should activate and 
deactivate the camera.

You can test this by pressing the other hardware buttons like the key for 
keyboard backlight, screen brightness and volume, which are activated with Fn 
and the marked F keys. 

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Re: wifi not found

2020-09-05 Thread Jonathan Billings
On Sep 5, 2020, at 12:09, Patrick Dupre  wrote:
> 
> Hello,
> 
> I have no Wi-fi adapter found.
> 
> It is an
> Intel® Dual Band Wireless-AC 3165
> 
> This device used to run properly in the past.
> The driver (I guess that the correct)
> iwl7260-firmware-25.30.13.0-111.fc32.noarch
> is installed

Assuming this is the same laptop as the webcam one, the hardware toggle for the 
WiFi is Fn-F10 (looks like an airplane). 
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Re: - can't load font '-*-helvetica-medium-r-normal-*-12-*-*-*-*-*-iso8859-1'

2020-09-08 Thread Jonathan Billings
On Tue, Sep 08, 2020 at 08:50:41AM -0600, Jerry James wrote:
> Once you've got the font string you want, add it to your ~/.Xresources
> or ~/.Xdefaults file.  Wow, I haven't had to do any of this for years.
> My memory is a little hazy, but I think that's approximately what
> needs to be done. :-)

I agree, this dredged up some bad memories of X fonts and font
servers.

on my f32 system with the X font packages installed, I don't see a
size 12 font:

$ xlsfonts |grep helvetica-medium-r-normal
-adobe-helvetica-medium-r-normal--11-80-100-100-p-56-iso8859-1
-adobe-helvetica-medium-r-normal--14-100-100-100-p-76-iso8859-1
-adobe-helvetica-medium-r-normal--17-120-100-100-p-88-iso8859-1
-adobe-helvetica-medium-r-normal--20-140-100-100-p-100-iso8859-1
-adobe-helvetica-medium-r-normal--25-180-100-100-p-130-iso8859-1
-adobe-helvetica-medium-r-normal--34-240-100-100-p-176-iso8859-1

So, I suspect the config for the HP48 emulator (another old memory,
RPN rocks!) has a size 12 font set someplace.

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Re: NFS configuration problem -

2020-09-12 Thread Jonathan Billings
On Sep 12, 2020, at 14:57, Bob Goodwin  wrote:
> /I am the onlly client and my fstab is:
> 192.168.50.32:/nfs4exports/home  /media/nfsnfs4 
> rw,soft,intr,fg,comment=systemd.automout  0 0

I see a typo in the “comment=systemd.automout”. 

Also, earlier mail makes me think it’s not actually mounted.  What does “mount 
-a” return?

Does /media/nfs exist?  Once you get the fstab fixed, test to see if it 
automounts. 

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Re: NFS configuration problem -

2020-09-13 Thread Jonathan Billings
On Sep 13, 2020, at 14:16, Bob Goodwin  wrote:
> 
> The more I look at this the more confused I get. 

Maybe you can explain what you expect to see from the output of “ll /“ on the 
NFS server?

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Re: NFS configuration problem -

2020-09-15 Thread Jonathan Billings
On Sep 15, 2020, at 16:10, Bob Goodwin  wrote:
> 
> Will this restore what I had originally,
> 
> mv /home/bobg/Public/nfs4exports/home   /nfs4exports
> 
> or will it create an even longer file name?

No, since you moved the /nfs4exports directory, it is no longer there, so it 
would move the contents of /home/bobg/Public/nfs4exports/home/ into a directory 
called /nfs4exports/. So, if there was a 
/home/bobg/Public/nfs4exports/home/foo, it would now be /nfs4exports/foo. 

You could either ‘mkdir /nfs4exports’ first, or move 
/home/bobg/Public/nfs4exports instead.

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Re: sort of Firefox related

2020-09-21 Thread Jonathan Billings
On Sat, Sep 19, 2020 at 08:25:17PM -0600, Jerry James wrote:
> Actually Fedora 31 and 32 both have Firefox 80.0.1.  It appears that
> all Firefox builds for F33 and Rawhide have failed recently, so those
> two are still stuck on Firefox 78.  Visit
> https://koji.fedoraproject.org/koji and search for "firefox" to see
> the build attempts.  I don't see anything that immediately jumps out
> at me at https://bugz.fedoraproject.org/firefox, but hopefully the
> maintainers are aware of the situation.
> 
> A peek at the most recent build log suggests that LTO may be playing a
> role in the build failures.

If anyone is having an issue caused by Firefox being out of date in
Fedora 33, please file a bug against it, so it can be tracked and
added as a blocker for the F33 release -- so far no one has complained
so it isn't listed.

https://qa.fedoraproject.org/blockerbugs/milestone/33/beta/buglist

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Re: Is this better ?

2020-09-23 Thread Jonathan Billings
On Wed, Sep 23, 2020 at 11:01:36AM -0500, David wrote:
> https://communityblog.fedoraproject.org/?p=9285

Returns a 404 for me.

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Re: /var/btmp with ssh:nottyroot

2020-09-26 Thread Jonathan Billings
On Sep 26, 2020, at 04:01, Michael D. Setzer II via users 
 wrote:
> 
> Use to use denyhosts on systems, but it seems to have been removed.
> The old denyhost would add blocked ipaddresses to stop these sites?
> Know that root is not allowed to login ssh by default, so are these lines 
> just saying attempts had been blocked. 
> 
> Have vsftpd setup to use passive ports, so blocking port 22 would not be 
> a big deal. But just seeing the btmp file grow seems to show wasted 
> bandwidth if not showing an issue.
> 
> Is it an issue or not??

It means your ssh port is open and you are constantly being scanned, so 
blocking ssh from everywhere except trusted networks would be ideal.

DenyHosts used to just add to /etc/hosts.deny (hence the name) which isn’t used 
anymore by sshd.  It looks like it supports iptables too, but it’s better to 
use fail2ban, which supports firewalld, uses ipsets or nftables, and is 
considerably faster.  It supports reading the journal too so if you don’t want 
to use syslogd or send your log traffic off-host, it still works. Since you 
have vsftpd, it can also logs for it too.

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Re: Reload kernel?

2020-09-28 Thread Jonathan Billings
On Sat, Sep 26, 2020 at 04:11:33PM -0700, ToddAndMargo via users wrote:
> FC 32, x64
> Ext4
> Xfce 4.14
> 
> Occasionally, my computers slows down.  I have not been
> able to pin down why.  Top shows very little memory usage.
> 
> A 1 hour, 12 minute dump (dump/restore) takes 15 hours
> when this happens.  Pop up menus start to lag behind
> the mouse
> 
> I am trying to get around the reboot thing.
> 
> -T
> 
> A reboot ALWAYS fixes the issue.

Brendan Gregg has written several good talks and documents about
various Linux performance measurement tools.  You might want to see
what the kernel is doing when you see sluggish behavior.  

http://brendangregg.com/linuxperf.html

It does require some deep spelunking into the kernel internals, but it
is actually quite amazing what the kernel has for monitoring its
activities.  I use it quite often to debug filesystem behavior, just
poke around /sys/kernel/debug/tracing/events/.

https://www.kernel.org/doc/html/v5.8/trace/events.html

From my experience, as an end user providing feedback, the kernel
developers really like it when you can point out a particular syscall
from the trace output that is misbehaving. 

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Re: GNU Guix

2020-09-29 Thread Jonathan Billings
On Tue, Sep 29, 2020 at 11:12:20AM +, Cuckoo's Calling via users wrote:
> I came across an amazing project called GNU Guix.
> 
> So, I made an animation to introduce the novel concepts of this project.
> 
> Here is the link for the video,
> 
> 
> Please leave me a feedback on your experience.

Why are you advertising another distro on a list for Fedora users?  Or
are you just spamming mailing lists?  I see you also posted to a
debian list too.  It doesn't really put a very good light on the
project you are advertising.

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Re: GNU Guix

2020-09-29 Thread Jonathan Billings
On Tue, Sep 29, 2020 at 12:28:21PM +, Cuckoo's Calling via users wrote:
> You are so naive and I couldn't stop laughing.
> 
> Did you even watch my presentation?
> [redacted]

No.

I looked to see if it was a Fedora package:

$ sudo dnf search guix
No matches found.

Then I googled for the project and discovered it was a package manager
for another distro.  Maybe you can describe in a short paragraph why
this is something Fedora users might be interested in?  So we don't
have to watch a video of questionable quality?

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Re: (root) FAILED (loading cron table)

2020-10-01 Thread Jonathan Billings
On Thu, Oct 01, 2020 at 11:53:00AM -0700, Paolo Galtieri wrote:
>
> Folks,
> since August 13 my backups have failed to run due the following errors:
> 
> Oct  1 11:10:01 terrapin CROND[110219]: (root) CMD
> (/usr/local/bro/bin/zeekctl cron)
> Oct  1 11:12:01 terrapin crond[1565]: ((null)) No SELinux security context
> (/etc/crontab)
> Oct  1 11:12:01 terrapin crond[1565]: (root) FAILED (loading cron table)
> Oct  1 11:12:01 terrapin crond[1565]: ((null)) No SELinux security context
> (/etc/cron.d/0hourly)
> Oct  1 11:12:01 terrapin crond[1565]: (root) FAILED (loading cron table)
> Oct  1 11:12:01 terrapin crond[1565]: ((null)) No SELinux security context
> (/etc/cron.d/sbackup)
> Oct  1 11:12:01 terrapin crond[1565]: (root) FAILED (loading cron table)

Is your issue related to this BZ?

https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=1862823

If so, it appears there's an issue with the selinux policy on your
system. 

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Re: Slow down problem

2020-10-05 Thread Jonathan Billings
On Oct 5, 2020, at 18:38, ToddAndMargo via users 
 wrote:
> 
> On 2020-10-05 15:31, Mike Wright wrote:
>>> On 10/5/20 3:21 PM, ToddAndMargo via users wrote:
>>> On 2020-10-05 15:09, Roger Heflin wrote:
>>>> you need output from "top"
>>> 
>>> It is the same as htop with less data.  Both
>>> show virtually no activity.  But htop does show
>>> core 2 being swamped with something
>> When running "top" press "1".  It will give you specifics on each 
>> core/thread.
> 
> "top" with "1" pressed:
> 
> https://ibb.co/mCFKRF7
> 
> Not really seeing anything useful.  Maybe I am missing something.

In the picture you posted you have a qemu-kvm virtual machine running.  It 
probably has one core and 4G of RAM associated with it.  Whatever it is doing 
is probably what is causing the system to appear slow.

Make your terminals wider, top will show more command line info when you press 
the ‘c’ key. 

You also appear to be running a WINE executable (word pro?) which is also going 
to be pretty inefficient.

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Re: mount.nfs4: access denied

2020-10-13 Thread Jonathan Billings
> On Oct 13, 2020, at 13:10, Bob Goodwin  wrote:
> 
> .
> I replaced my router with a different one and changed the ipaddress and now I 
> can not mount the NFS server, the "fstab" lines show it best:
> 
> First router:
> # 192.168.50.32:/nfs4exports/home  /media/nfs nfs4 
> re,soft,int,ff,comment=systems.autonomous  0 0
> 
> Second router:
>192.168.2.128:/nfs4exports/home  /media/nfsnfs4 
> re,soft,int,ff,comment=systems.autonomous  0 0
> 
> When I try to mount the second router "access' is denied,
> [root@localhost /]# mount -a
> mount.nfs4: access denied by server while mounting 
> 192.168.2.128:/nfs4exports/home
> 
> I did not make any change to the NFS server, It was working before the change 
> and the second router has always worked and still does, I can ssh to it, the 
> apple iPhones/iPads, whatever, (they do not use NFS) can connect to the wifi, 
> but I can not mount NFS with  my wired connection from the desktop.


When you got the new device, it looks like the local network addressing 
changed. Did your NFS client’s IPs change too?  Do you need to update the 
/etc/exports on the NFS server to reflect the change in IPs?


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Re: How to fsck on reboot?

2020-10-16 Thread Jonathan Billings
On Oct 16, 2020, at 18:43, Samuel Sieb  wrote:
> 
> Then how did you get a volume with that name?  What is it?

I believe that’s the name of the volume group when you install from a Live 
Fedora disk. 

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Re: How to fsck on reboot?

2020-10-16 Thread Jonathan Billings
On Oct 16, 2020, at 17:14, Paul Smith  wrote:
> 
> Dear All,
> 
> I would like to run
> 
> fsck /dev/mapper/fedora_localhost--live-home
> 
> on reboot. How can I accomplish this?

According to this:

https://www.freedesktop.org/software/systemd/man/systemd-f...@.service.html

You can append fsck.mode=force to force a fsck on the next boot for all file 
systems.

You could also use tune2fs to set the max mount count to 1, assuming ext4, and 
it’ll fsck it next time it tries to mount it.  Not sure if there is an 
equivalent XFS setting.

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Re: [solved] Need help with dnf excludes

2020-10-19 Thread Jonathan Billings

On Oct 19, 2020, at 16:15, ToddAndMargo via users 
 wrote:

> Combining excludepkgs, using a space as the delimiter, now

According to the documentation: 


exclude
list
Exclude packages of this repository, specified by a name or a glob and 
separated by a comma, from all operations. Can be disabled using 
--disableexcludes command line switch.


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Re: [solved] Need help with dnf excludes

2020-10-20 Thread Jonathan Billings
On Oct 19, 2020, at 17:58, Jonathan Billings  wrote:
> 
> 
>> On Oct 19, 2020, at 16:15, ToddAndMargo via users 
>>  wrote:
>> 
>> Combining excludepkgs, using a space as the delimiter, now
> 
> According to the documentation: 
> 
> 
> exclude
> list
> Exclude packages of this repository, specified by a name or a glob and 
> separated by a comma, from all operations. Can be disabled using 
> --disableexcludes command line switch
> 

I must have found out of date documentation the dnf docs say:

https://dnf.readthedocs.io/en/latest/conf_ref.html

excludepkgs
list

Exclude packages of this repository, specified by a name or a glob and 
separated by a comma, from all operations. Can be disabled using 
--disableexcludes command line switch. Defaults to []



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Re: Install Fedora -

2020-10-21 Thread Jonathan Billings
On Wed, Oct 21, 2020 at 03:35:25PM -0400, Bob Goodwin wrote:
> Well 'dd' worked without a problem to clear the PNY 64GB drive I that was at
> hand and I put Fedora 33 beta on  it:
> 
> [root@WS-1 /]# dd
> if=/home/bobg/Downloads/Fedora-Workstation-Live-x86_64-33_Beta-1.3.iso
> of=/dev/sdc bs=8M status=progress
> 2028060672 bytes (2.0 GB, 1.9 GiB) copied, 126 s, 16.1 MB/s
> 241+1 records in
> 241+1 records out
> 2028060672 bytes (2.0 GB, 1.9 GiB) copied, 126.227 s, 16.1 MB/s
> [root@WS-1 /]# sync
> 
> Put the flash drive in the other computer to test, the nedia chck worked and
> it started and asked if it should install to disk. That worked simply enough
> once I understood the instructions. I will try it on this box where I want
> to install  to /dev/sdb.
> 
> My only concern is getting the standard partition scheme, I may need media
> writer for that.

I'm not sure what you mean by 'getting the standard partition
scheme'.  Are you talking about the install from the newly-written
Fedora disk?  Or the actual layout of partitions on the USB storage
you just wrote?

Fedora Media Writer doesn't do anything different than dd, it just
writes the ISO to the disk.  It doesn't change the partition scheme,
it doesn't affect the install, it just puts the ISO image of the
Fedora installer on the removable disk.



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Re: Install Fedora -

2020-10-22 Thread Jonathan Billings
On Oct 22, 2020, at 02:47, J.Witvliet--- via users 
 wrote:
> 
> 
> After doing the “dd” to the raw device, do not do a “sync”, as this is for 
> synchronizing filesystems. Just remove the device.
> In case something tried to mount the content of the device (before it was 
> wiped by dd) it might try to write back data to the device and by that action 
> corrupting the freshly written image.

It’s not a terrible idea to use sync. You absolutely should not be running dd 
to a device that is used in a mounted file system. It should be unmounted 
first. Then there is no risk of sync corrupting the disk. 

The ‘sync’ command flushes buffers to disk, and that’s not just for file 
systems. Depending on how dd was run, it’s possible that there are buffers in 
the kernel that haven’t been written. Just yanking the USB device out might 
result in missing data. 

You could include ‘conv=sync’ in your dd command if you want to ensure that 
everything is written, but it might not as fast, depending on the block size. 

I tend to just run ‘eject’ on the USB device, which also prompts the kernel to 
write the buffers to disk, but just for that device. 

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Re: Install Fedora -

2020-10-22 Thread Jonathan Billings
On Thu, Oct 22, 2020 at 08:09:37AM -0400, Bob Goodwin wrote:
> Yes, I want "Standard Partitions" as media writer names it, rather than a
> Fedora 33 LVM system which I find adds a layer of complexity I prefer not to
> have.

I apologize if we were confusing earlier, there is no connection
between Media Writer and how a Fedora system has its partitions laid
out. 

Fedora Media Writer writes ISO images to removable media such as a USB
jump drive.  Those ISO images are one file that contains a bootable
installer.  You can use Media Writer to write other ISO images to disk
if you want, it is just a handy tool.  You can skip using Media Writer
and use 'dd' instead.  I've heard people use 'pv' to write ISOs to
disk. 

Once that image is written to your jump drive, THEN you can boot off
that jump drive.  It is within the OS installed on the jump drive
where you can choose to partition your disk and install Fedora.

I've seen several posts trying to explain that Media Writer doesn't
affect your partitioning, but you continue to attribute partitioning
to Media Writer, so I hope this explains things better.

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Re: Strange gpg-agent processes with Fedora 32

2020-10-23 Thread Jonathan Billings
On Fri, Oct 23, 2020 at 11:30:05AM +0200, Michael Schwendt wrote:
>
> Has anyone seen the following before and possibly has found out what
> is going on? 
> 
> Fedora 32 shows a gpg-agent process for each repo but with a
> non-existant ".tmp" homedir. 
> Examples:
> 
> root2512  0.0  0.0 161028   900 ?Ss   11:20   0:00 gpg-agent 
> --homedir /var/cache/PackageKit/32/metadata/fedora-32-x86_64.tmp/gpgdir 
> --use-standard-socket --daemon
> root2527  0.0  0.0 161028   896 ?Ss   11:20   0:00
> gpg-agent --homedir
> /var/cache/PackageKit/32/metadata/updates-32-x86_64.tmp/gpgdir
> --use-standard-socket --daemon

I'm running f33beta, bu I have also seen these, they're owned by the
packagekit systemd service (confirm by running 'cat /proc/2512/cgroup'
in your example).

I disabled and masked the packagekit service since I don't want to use
it.  I don't see them anymore.

I see there was a bugzilla about this a while ago:

https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=1382335

I wonder if something returned?

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Re: X Org Server is abandonware

2020-10-27 Thread Jonathan Billings
On Tue, Oct 27, 2020 at 03:33:58PM +1030, Tim via users wrote:
>
> On Mon, 2020-10-26 at 08:46 -0300, George N. White III wrote:
> > One of the motivations for Wayland was that the X.Org was becoming
> > unmaintainable and suffered from design choices that are no longer
> > relevant.
> 
> Is it really unmaintainable, or is it that programmers just cannot be
> arsed to learn how to maintain someone else's code?
> 
> And how does one person determine that some features are no-longer
> needed?  It's quite clear that in several years of Wayland being around
> that various features needed by people using X have yet to be
> implemented.
> 
> This whole idea of "I can't work on this, let's throw it all out and
> start again" is just incompetence.  And you'll find several OS projects
> that have spent many years, repeatedly going through that process and
> never actually coming to any fruition because of it.
> 
> Don't let those people near the kernel code.

X11 is *old* and there is a lot of complexity involved, particularly
when it comes to compositing libraries. Wayland takes the X server out
of the conversation, which can improve security and efficiency, and
also makes implimentation simpler.

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Re: X Org Server is abandonware

2020-10-27 Thread Jonathan Billings
On Tue, Oct 27, 2020 at 10:25:26AM -0500, Roger Heflin wrote:
> I think it is simple, in my experience your assertions are right on
> the money.  They can't be bothered to learn it and/or they aren't good
> enough to learn it.  If it is difficult for them to learn and/or they
> cannot learn it then they are doomed to failure on the re-write as
> they simply aren't good enough developers to redo it .Act like a
> developer: when your car runs badly, just melt it down and rebuild it
> from scratch, that must be easier than understanding how it is broken
> and fixing it.
> 
> Not sure how one believes if they cannot debug the last script/program
> they wrote (or someone else did) that the new script/program will be
> any different.   Developers seems to believe that all previous authors
> were incompetent and did things for no good reason and that they can
> do a significantly better job this time so want to start over.  Too
> many people have told me that unlike the past team that failed using a
> given process,this time we are going to do it the exact same way but
> we are going to be perfect and not have the same issues and not fail.

This is just FUD and ignorant of the Wayland project. Most of the
developers are current X.org developers or have worked on related code
used by X.org (input, drm, etc.). They're well aware of the current
X.org code and limitations in Wayland. 

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Re: X Org Server is abandonware

2020-10-28 Thread Jonathan Billings
On Wed, Oct 28, 2020 at 12:05:03PM -0400, Neal Becker wrote:
>
> For me the current wayland showstopper is this.  Like many of you I am
> working from home.  I frequently need to make presentations.  I am usually
> using chrome as browser.  Current stable chrome will not work to present
> wayland windows.  As I understand it chrome is running on X11 and only
> other windows running in X11 are selectable for presentation.

Frankly, I'm happy that my web browser can't steal visuals and key
events from other windows on my desktop.  If this needs to be
implemented, it should be an opt in and not the default permissions. 

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Re: F32 => F33 Error: Transaction test error: [unseen space]

2020-10-31 Thread Jonathan Billings
On Oct 31, 2020, at 15:04, George N. White III  wrote:
> 
> 15G is very small, so not surprising that it is 95% full, but since 
> you seem to be using LVM it should be possible to use some of 
> the 88GB available on /dev/sda.
> 

If I recall correctly, the default partition layout for Fedora *Server* 32 was 
LVM with only a 15G root filesystem, regardless of how much space was 
available.  The expectation is that the user will expand the root LV or create 
other file systems to use the rest of the space free in the VG. 

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Re: systemd-resolved and NM-managed dnsmasq both running

2020-11-02 Thread Jonathan Billings
On Mon, Nov 02, 2020 at 09:18:00AM -0600, Ian Pilcher wrote:
> I've been using NetworkManager's dnsmasq plugin (dns=dnsmasq) on my
> laptop for years.  After upgrading to Fedora 33, I see that
> systemd-resolved is running (as expected), but the NetworkManager-
> spawned dnsmasq instance is also running.
> 
> Is dnsmasq providing any benefit in this case?  My understanding from
> the earlier systemd-resolved threads is that it is supposed to handle
> the "split DNS" scenario that led me to use dnsmasq in the first place.

I have a similar configuration, and at first I tried to get the
dnsmasq to be used by systemd-resolved but it kept "forgetting" it and
switching back to what DHCP used, so I just stopped, disabled and
masked systemd-resolved.service, deleted /etc/resolv.conf and
restarted NetworkManager to get a working configuration back.

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Re: systemd-resolved and NM-managed dnsmasq both running

2020-11-03 Thread Jonathan Billings
On Tue, Nov 03, 2020 at 09:08:04AM -0600, Ian Pilcher wrote:
> On 11/2/20 10:37 AM, Jonathan Billings wrote:
> > I have a similar configuration, and at first I tried to get the
> > dnsmasq to be used by systemd-resolved but it kept "forgetting" it and
> > switching back to what DHCP used, so I just stopped, disabled and
> > masked systemd-resolved.service, deleted /etc/resolv.conf and
> > restarted NetworkManager to get a working configuration back.
> 
> What problem did systemd-resolved cause?

I have my NM dnsmasq refer a particular local subdomain to the dnsmasq
that libvirt runs, so DNS names are automatically populated locally on
my workstation.  This lets me build VMs running Kerberos and OpenAFS
servers with resolvable DNS entries.  (DNS is important for krb5)

I also run a pihole container and use it for external queries.

> And my original question still stands, if /etc/resolv.conf is pointing
> to systemd-resolved, is the NM-managed dnsmasq instance actually doing
> anything for me?

It won't if systemd-resolved isn't configured to look at 127.0.0.1 (or
wherever you have your NM dnsmasq listening).  Check 'resolvectl' to
check. In my case, it kept switching to the DNS entries that my wifi
DHCP request got back, even though I had overridden it in
NetworkManager.

If anyone has a suggestion on how to force systemd-resolved to use a
particular DNS server and not have local DHCP sessions override it,
I'd like to know.

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