One SUFFICIENT condition for equivalence between "f represented in Q" and 
"f represented in Z" is given by Davenport-Cassels Lemma in J.P.Serre ' A 
course of Arithmetic' book.

(note : wikipedia page about it needs rewriting):

given f(X) = sum(aij Xi Xj) a definite positive quadratic form, with matrix 
(aij) symetric and with integer coefficients
given the hypothesis (H) "for every x=(x1,x2,..xp) in Q^p  it exists at 
leat one y in Z^p such as f(x-y) < 1"
then, if n is represented by f in Q field, then n is represented by f in Z 
field

Follows one example (Gauss's theorem) with the form x^2 + y^2 + z^2 
representing n in Q field when n not equals to 4^a (8b-1)..such n is 
represented in Z field too, because (H) hypothesis holds. for the form.

Challenge : try to check if (H) hypothesis is true or false for your form..

Dominique.

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