Frame flex is reasonably unlikely to be the culprit on most bicycles. 

There are a few points to check - 

- Rear Derailleur Hanger.  These get bent and twisted.  For friction 
systems, the twisting is more of the issue, as it puts the guide (upper) 
pulley out of line with the chain path.  Essentially, this tries to tease 
the chain to the next sprocket even when everything is correctly 
positioned. 
- Modern sprocket (cog) sets.  It is reasonably difficult to find a cogset 
which is not designed to easily assist in shifting. That's how the 
all-in-one type indexing works - those little ramps and cut-downs on the 
teeth and sprockets. Add a little road grit or globs of mud and it "adds" 
another ramp.  In generally, the teeth also tend to be shorter than 
old-tyme freewheel sprockets. They are also reasonably thin and in my 
experience, wear down faster. 
- Excessive guide pulley play.  Again - part of the system these days.  
This play allows a dumb system - i.e. any indexed system - to adapt to 
slight changes in position by adding imprecision at the cogs.  Good if you 
are stacking 11 sprockets on the wheel and want to use indexing, but a 
challenge if you want to manually shift. I have swapped guide and jockey 
(tension) pulleys to good effect.
- Cables, tips, housing.  This should probably have been number one.  All 
sorts of variables here - crimped housing, ends/tips out of round and 
hanging the cable, grit in the housing, too big or small of a loop at the 
rear derailleur.  Best cheap gift you can give your bicycle is a new set of 
cables and housing.
- Shifter Bits - washers get compressed, and when you are using tension to 
hold things in place, you can simply squeeze things too tightly for too 
long.  I know when I have a little imprecision in shifting, the first thing 
I do is honk down on the thumbscrew.  Easy to go a 1/4 turn when an 1/8 
will do. 

Hope that helps,

- Jim / cyclofiend.com


On Friday, March 8, 2013 9:44:03 AM UTC-8, ColonelJLloyd wrote:
>
> That's correct. I have trouble with my Simplex Retrofrictions slipping 
> when climbing. I assume this is due to a combination of a very strong rear 
> derailleur spring and frame flex. 
>
> On Friday, March 8, 2013 11:30:05 AM UTC-5, Michael wrote:
>>
>> Looks like a mini-ratchetting system. Like micro-indexing or something.
>>  
>> So I am guessing that when you shift gears, the ratchet mechanism holds 
>> the derailer in place over the cog so you will not have the chain slip off 
>> if it isn't a perfect shift, like what happens in pure friction shifting?
>>  
>> That would be a nice improvement over friction, as I have had the chain 
>> drop to higher gear when standing. Ouch!!
>>
>

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