> On 22 Feb 2022, at 09:30, Chris Angelico <ros...@gmail.com> wrote:
>
> On Tue, 22 Feb 2022 at 20:24, Frank Millman <fr...@chagford.com
> <mailto:fr...@chagford.com>> wrote:
>>
>> Hi all
>>
>> I think this should be a simple one-liner, but I cannot figure it out.
>>
>> I have a dictionary with a number of keys, where each value is a single
>> list -
>>
>>>>> d = {1: ['aaa', 'bbb', 'ccc'], 2: ['fff', 'ggg']}
>>
>> I want to combine all values into a single list -
>>
>>>>> ans = ['aaa', 'bbb', 'ccc', 'fff', 'ggg']
>>
>> I can do this -
>>
>>>>> a = []
>>>>> for v in d.values():
>> ... a.extend(v)
>> ...
>>>>> a
>> ['aaa', 'bbb', 'ccc', 'fff', 'ggg']
>>
>> I can also do this -
>>
>>>>> from itertools import chain
>>>>> a = list(chain(*d.values()))
>>>>> a
>> ['aaa', 'bbb', 'ccc', 'fff', 'ggg']
>>>>>
>>
>> Is there a simpler way?
>>
>
> itertools.chain is a good option, as it scales well to arbitrary
> numbers of lists (and you're guaranteed to iterate over them all just
> once as you construct the list). But if you know that the lists aren't
> too large or too numerous, here's another method that works:
>
>>>> sum(d.values(), [])
> ['aaa', 'bbb', 'ccc', 'fff', 'ggg']
>
> It's simply adding all the lists together, though you have to tell it
> that you don't want a numeric summation.
If you code is performance sensitive do not use sum() as it creates lots of tmp
list that are deleted.
I have an outstanding ticket at work to replace all use of sum() on lists as
when we profiled it
stands out as a slow operation. We have a lots of list of list that we need to
flatten.
Barry
>
> ChrisA
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