Thank you for the interesting answers. Just a clarification. Actually for the scope of this question, I consider C and C++ quite different. At least when they are "properly" used (eg, you could use C++ as a better C, but this is not C++ in its full glory). In my opinion, if all that you want is performance, coding critical parts in C or Frotran should be enough. Or even Cython. As far as the fraction of code that turns out to be critical is relatively small. But C++ is a monster compared to C. And I realize it requires a huge amount of time and practice to master it. The question is whether is it worth as a generic approach or not (*). I tend to think that it isn't that useful.
Best, David (*) as some of you already mentioned, you could need C++ for joining a specific project, for instance. But that would not imply anything about how well suited is C++ for that particular project. -- https://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list