There is a detailed exposition of address classes and address validation in https://www.postix.org/ADDRESS_CLASS_README.html#classes.
Instead of rephrasing that information multiple times in the postconf(5) manpage, I'll just link to the defining text. Wietse The paste below is for senders; the recipient is case is similar. smtpd_reject_unlisted_recipient (default: no) Request that the Postfix SMTP server rejects mail for unknown recipient addresses, even when no explicit reject_unlisted_recipient access restriction is specified. This prevents the Postfix queue from filling up with undeliverable MAILER-DAEMON messages. An address is considered "unknown" when 1) it does not match a virtual(5) alias or canonical(5) mapping, and 2) the address is not valid for its address class. For a definition of class-based address validation, see ADDRESS_CLASS_README.html#classes. This feature is available in Postfix 2.1 and later.