On Tue, Nov 19, 2019 at 08:13:49PM +0100, siefke_lis...@web.de wrote:

> I use unbound.
> 
> I have stop unbound an use the dns direct with resolv.conf.

Why did you stop unbound?  Presumably it provides the recursive
service on 127.0.0.1, which is listed below...

> $ cat /etc/resolv.conf
> nameserver 46.182.19.48
> nameserver 80.241.218.68
> nameserver 2a03:b0c0:0:1010::e9a:3001
> nameserver 127.0.0.1
> search silviosiefke.com

What are all those other nameservers?  You should not need anything
other than 127.0.0.1.

> Nov 19 19:58:20 netcup.silviosiefke.com postfix/smtpd[11593]: NOQUEUE:
> reject: RCPT from unknown[212.227.15.4]: 450 4.7.25 Client host rejected:
> cannot find your hostname, [212.227.15.4]; from=<siefke_lis...@web.de>
> to=<webmas...@silvio-siefke.de> proto=ESMTP helo=<mout.web.de>

Is smtpd(8) chrooted?  It may be using a different set of nameservers.

> dig-x 212.227.15.4
> 4.15.227.212.in-addr.arpa. 14109 IN   PTR     mout.web.de.
> 
> dig mout.web.de
> mout.web.de.          1800    IN      A       212.227.15.4

This should normally result in a "known" name of mout.web.de.

-- 
    Viktor.

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