In regards to the Horn and other instruments for which transpositions
can change during the course of a piece, I should mention that the
Lilypond way is much easier to deal with than, for instance, the Finale
way (at least up until Finale 2001, the last version that I used
regularly). Granted, the similarity in name between \transpose and
\transposition is a little confusing, so a way to sort them out could be
to remember that "transpose" is a verb: we apply a specific
transpositional operation on the notes attached to it; where
"transposition" is a noun, indicating how something is to be heard,
relative to how it is written, so this makes sense in the context of midi
realization.
\transpose can be used to transpose a motive, or a large section of a
piece. This is a very helpful tool (thanks, Han-Wen and Jan!), and doesn't
rely on a specific transpositional tradition so much as it is merely a
tool to transpose notes from the originally typed form to a different
place, such as sounding pitch, or a pleasant transposition for a musician
to read.
I hope this is helpful.
Josiah
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