simonvandel opened a new issue, #13483:
URL: https://github.com/apache/datafusion/issues/13483

   ### Describe the bug
   
   In the following query
   ```sql
   EXPLAIN SELECT 
       CASE 
           WHEN name = 'name1' THEN 0.0
           WHEN name = 'name2' THEN 0.5
       END AS a
   FROM (
       SELECT 'name1' AS name
       UNION ALL
       SELECT 'name2'
   )
   ORDER BY a DESC;
   ```
   
   the order of a is not matching the `ORDER BY a DESC`.
   
   The resulting plan looks like this:
   ```
   
+---------------+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
   | plan_type     | plan                                                       
                                                       |
   
+---------------+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
   | logical_plan  | Sort: a DESC NULLS FIRST                                   
                                                       |
   |               |   Projection: CASE WHEN name = Utf8("name1") THEN 
Float64(0) WHEN name = Utf8("name2") THEN Float64(0.5) END AS a |
   |               |     Union                                                  
                                                       |
   |               |       Projection: Utf8("name1") AS name                    
                                                       |
   |               |         EmptyRelation                                      
                                                       |
   |               |       Projection: Utf8("name2") AS name                    
                                                       |
   |               |         EmptyRelation                                      
                                                       |
   | physical_plan | CoalescePartitionsExec                                     
                                                       |
   |               |   ProjectionExec: expr=[CASE WHEN name@0 = name1 THEN 0 
WHEN name@0 = name2 THEN 0.5 END as a]                    |
   |               |     UnionExec                                              
                                                       |
   |               |       ProjectionExec: expr=[name1 as name]                 
                                                       |
   |               |         PlaceholderRowExec                                 
                                                       |
   |               |       ProjectionExec: expr=[name2 as name]                 
                                                       |
   |               |         PlaceholderRowExec                                 
                                                       |
   |               |                                                            
                                                       |
   
+---------------+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
   ```
   
   As can be seen the `Sort` from the logical plan gets transformed into a 
`CoalescePartitionsExec` in the physical plan.
   However, the docs for `CoalescePartitionsExec` 
https://docs.rs/datafusion/latest/datafusion/physical_plan/coalesce_partitions/struct.CoalescePartitionsExec.html
 says that "No guarantees are made about the order of the resulting partition."
   
   
   
   ### To Reproduce
   
   In datafusion-cli v 43:
   ```sql
   EXPLAIN SELECT 
       CASE 
           WHEN name = 'name1' THEN 0.0
           WHEN name = 'name2' THEN 0.5
       END AS a
   FROM (
       SELECT 'name1' AS name
       UNION ALL
       SELECT 'name2'
   )
   ORDER BY a DESC;
   ```
   
   ### Expected behavior
   
   Resulting order is consistent
   
   ### Additional context
   
   Running 
   ```sql
   EXPLAIN VERBOSE SELECT 
       CASE 
           WHEN name = 'name1' THEN 0.0
           WHEN name = 'name2' THEN 0.5
       END AS a
   FROM (
       SELECT 'name1' AS name
       UNION ALL
       SELECT 'name2'
   )
   ORDER BY a DESC;
   ```
   shows that the `EnforceSorting` pass seems to remove the SortExec


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