NightStrike wrote:
On Fri, Dec 23, 2022 at 11:00 PM Jacob Bachmeyer <jcb62...@gmail.com> wrote:
NightStrike wrote:
On Wed, Dec 21, 2022 at 11:37 PM Jacob Bachmeyer <jcb62...@gmail.com> wrote:
[...]
So at least we know for sure that this particular instance of extra
characters is coming from Wine. Maybe Wine can be smart enough to
only translate \n into \r\n instead of translating \r\n into \r\r\n.
Jacek / Eric, comments here? I'm happy to try another patch, the
first one was great.
I doubt that Wine is doing that translation. MinGW libc produces output
conformant to Windows conventions, so printf("\n") on a text handle
emits "\r\n", which Wine passes along. POSIX convention is that "\n" is
translated to "\r\n" in the kernel terminal driver upon output, so the
kernel translates the "\n" in the "\r\n" into /another/ "\r\n", yielding
"\r\r\n" at the pty master end. This is why DejaGnu testsuites must be
prepared to discard excess carriage returns. The first CR came from
MinGW libc; the second CR came from the kernel terminal driver; the LF
was ultimately passed through.
Jacek and I have been digging into this on IRC, and he's been very
helpful in trying to get further, but we're still stuck. We tried to
be more introspective, inserting strace both as "strace script wine"
and as "script strace wine". We tried running just "wine a.exe"
without any extra glue, and logging the raw SSH packets from putty.
After many iterations on these and other tests, Jacek finally had the
idea to try removing Windows entirely from the equation, and we ran
with a purely unix program / compiler combination:
#include <unistd.h>
int main()
{
write(1, "test\r\n", 6);
return 0;
}
(and also as "test\n", 5)
In both versions, the following was observed:
case 1) ./a.out | xxd
case 2) script -c ./a.out out; xxd out
case 3) enable putting logging, ./a.out
In case 1, xxd showed no extra \r's. In cases 2 and 3, there was an
extra \r (either 0d 0d 0a for test\r\n, or 0d 0a for test\n).
So, is it possible after all of this back and forth regarding mingw,
wine, and others, that it's down to the write() system call that's
inserting extra \r's? Is this expected?
"This is why DejaGnu testsuites must be prepared to discard excess
carriage returns."
The write(2) system call inserts nothing and simply hands off the buffer
to the relevant part of the kernel I/O subsystem. (The kernel in POSIX
is *not* a monolithic black box.) When stdout for your test program is
a pty slave, that relevant part is the kernel terminal driver. The
kernel terminal driver is converting "\n" to "\r\n" upon output to the
associated port, since hardware terminals typically *do* require CRLF.
The associated port in this case is virtual and part of the kernel pty
subsystem, which presents octets written to that port to its associated
pty master device. The user-visible pty slave device acts just like a
serial terminal, including all translations normally done for handling
serial terminals.
A pty is conceptually a null-modem cable connected between two
infinitely-fast serial ports on the same machine, although the slave
will still report an actual baud rate if queried. (Run "stty" with no
arguments under script(1), an ssh session, or an X11 terminal emulator
to see what a pty slave looks like on your machine.)
In your case 1, the pty subsystem is not used and output is collected
over a pipe. Using "./a.out > out; xxd out" would produce the same
results. In cases 2 and 3, there is a pty involved, either set up by
script(1) or by sshd (assuming you meant "enable putty logging" in case
3) that performs the standard terminal translations. In all cases,
strace(1) will show the exact string written to the pty slave device,
which will not include any extra CRs because *those* *are* *inserted*
*by* *the* *kernel* *terminal* *driver* as the data is transferred to
the pty master device's read queue.
This insertion of carriage returns is expected and standardized behavior
in POSIX and is the reason Unix could use bare LF as end-of-line even
though hardware terminals always needed CRLF. CP/M (and therefore
MS-DOS which began its existence as a cheap CP/M knockoff) did not have
this translation layer and instead dumped the complexity of a two-octet
end-of-line sequence on user programs, leading to much confusion even
today. This is not a Wine issue, although the terminal escape sequences
in your original issue *were* from Wine. Note that the number of excess
carriage returns that a DejaGnu testsuite must be prepared to discard is
unspecified because running tests on remote targets may result in *any*
*number* of CRs preceding each LF by the time the results reach the test
driver machine in more complex testing lab environments.
-- Jacob
