> Expressing the same idea in different code is not a copyright violation.
Unlike patents, in copyright law, whether something is infringing strongly depends on whether you actually COPIED something. Writing a piece of code to do the same as another piece of code that you're looking at when doing it is dubious. > Even independent identical expressions are not copyright violations > if they are truly independent. Certainly! But if you've seen one, they aren't independent. > And if there is only one possible way to express an idea, then > copyright does not apply at all, as there is no creative aspect to > the work. Agreed. As I said earlier, this is what probably would save you in practice: the only things that you'd be "copying" would be the unique way to implement the idea.