mchades commented on code in PR #13571:
URL: https://github.com/apache/gravitino/pull/13571#discussion_r4141114444


##########
core/src/main/java/org/apache/gravitino/semantic/OssieSemanticModelDocumentConverter.java:
##########
@@ -0,0 +1,715 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information
+ * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *  http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+ * software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+ * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+ * KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+ * specific language governing permissions and limitations
+ * under the License.
+ */
+package org.apache.gravitino.semantic;
+
+import static 
org.apache.gravitino.semantic.SemanticModel.DEFAULT_OSSIE_VERSION;
+import static 
org.apache.gravitino.semantic.SemanticModel.PROPERTY_OSSIE_VERSION;
+
+import com.fasterxml.jackson.annotation.JsonInclude;
+import com.fasterxml.jackson.core.JsonProcessingException;
+import com.fasterxml.jackson.core.StreamReadConstraints;
+import com.fasterxml.jackson.core.StreamReadFeature;
+import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.DeserializationFeature;
+import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.JsonNode;
+import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.ObjectMapper;
+import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.json.JsonMapper;
+import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.node.ArrayNode;
+import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.node.ObjectNode;
+import com.fasterxml.jackson.dataformat.yaml.YAMLFactory;
+import com.fasterxml.jackson.dataformat.yaml.YAMLGenerator;
+import java.util.Iterator;
+import java.util.LinkedHashMap;
+import java.util.Map;
+import java.util.Objects;
+import java.util.Set;
+import javax.annotation.Nullable;
+import org.apache.commons.lang3.StringUtils;
+import org.apache.gravitino.dto.requests.SemanticModelCreateRequest;
+import org.apache.gravitino.dto.semantic.SemanticModelDefinitionDTO;
+import org.apache.gravitino.exceptions.IllegalSemanticModelException;
+
+/** Converts between standalone Apache Ossie documents and Gravitino Semantic 
Models. */
+public final class OssieSemanticModelDocumentConverter {
+
+  /** Maximum accepted document length in characters. */
+  public static final int MAX_DOCUMENT_LENGTH = 4 * 1024 * 1024;
+
+  private static final String GRAVITINO_VENDOR = "GRAVITINO";
+  private static final String INTERCHANGE_MARKER = 
"_apache_gravitino_interchange";
+  private static final int INTERCHANGE_MARKER_VERSION = 1;
+  private static final int MAX_NESTING_DEPTH = 100;
+
+  private static final Set<String> ROOT_PROPERTIES =
+      Set.of(
+          "version",
+          "name",
+          "description",
+          "ai_context",
+          "datasets",
+          "relationships",
+          "metrics",
+          "custom_extensions");
+  private static final Set<String> DATASET_PROPERTIES =
+      Set.of(
+          "name",
+          "source",
+          "primary_key",
+          "unique_keys",
+          "description",
+          "ai_context",
+          "fields",
+          "custom_extensions");
+  private static final Set<String> FIELD_PROPERTIES =
+      Set.of(
+          "name",
+          "expression",
+          "dimension",
+          "label",
+          "description",
+          "datatype",
+          "ai_context",
+          "custom_extensions");
+  private static final Set<String> RELATIONSHIP_PROPERTIES =
+      Set.of("name", "from", "to", "from_columns", "to_columns", "ai_context", 
"custom_extensions");
+  private static final Set<String> METRIC_PROPERTIES =
+      Set.of("name", "expression", "description", "datatype", "ai_context", 
"custom_extensions");
+  private static final Set<String> EXPRESSION_PROPERTIES = Set.of("dialects");
+  private static final Set<String> DIALECT_EXPRESSION_PROPERTIES = 
Set.of("dialect", "expression");
+  private static final Set<String> DIMENSION_PROPERTIES = Set.of("is_time");
+  private static final Set<String> CUSTOM_EXTENSION_PROPERTIES = 
Set.of("vendor_name", "data");
+  private static final Set<String> OSSIE_DIALECTS =
+      Set.of(
+          "ANSI_SQL",
+          "SNOWFLAKE",
+          "MDX",
+          "TABLEAU",
+          "DATABRICKS",
+          "MAQL",
+          "BIGQUERY",
+          "SIGMA",
+          "THOUGHTSPOT",
+          "DAX",
+          "OSSIE_SQL_2026");
+
+  private static final ObjectMapper JSON_MAPPER = createJsonMapper();
+  private static final ObjectMapper YAML_MAPPER = createYamlMapper();
+
+  /** Supported Ossie document serialization formats. */
+  public enum Format {
+    /** YAML serialization. */
+    YAML,
+    /** JSON serialization. */
+    JSON
+  }
+
+  private OssieSemanticModelDocumentConverter() {}
+
+  /**
+   * Converts one standalone Apache Ossie YAML or JSON document into a create 
request.
+   *
+   * @param document The standalone Ossie document.
+   * @return The converted Semantic Model create request.
+   * @throws IllegalSemanticModelException If the document cannot be parsed or 
represented by
+   *     Gravitino.
+   */
+  public static SemanticModelCreateRequest importDocument(String document) {
+    ObjectNode root = parseDocument(document);
+    return toCreateRequest(root);
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Exports one Gravitino Semantic Model as a standalone Apache Ossie 
document.
+   *
+   * @param semanticModel The Semantic Model to export.
+   * @param format The requested serialization format.
+   * @return The serialized Ossie document.
+   * @throws IllegalSemanticModelException If the model cannot be represented 
as a valid Ossie
+   *     document.
+   */
+  public static String exportDocument(SemanticModel semanticModel, Format 
format) {
+    Objects.requireNonNull(semanticModel, "semanticModel must not be null");
+    Objects.requireNonNull(format, "format must not be null");
+
+    ObjectNode definition =
+        JSON_MAPPER.valueToTree(
+            
SemanticModelDefinitionDTO.fromDefinition(semanticModel.definition()));
+    transformNativeDefinition(definition);
+
+    ObjectNode root = JSON_MAPPER.createObjectNode();
+    root.put("version", ossieVersion(semanticModel.properties()));
+    root.put("name", semanticModel.name());
+    if (semanticModel.comment() != null) {
+      root.put("description", semanticModel.comment());
+    }
+    definition.fields().forEachRemaining(entry -> root.set(entry.getKey(), 
entry.getValue()));
+    stashProperties(root, semanticModel.properties());
+
+    // Validate the generated document through the same conversion path used 
for imports.
+    toCreateRequest(root.deepCopy());
+
+    try {
+      if (format == Format.JSON) {
+        return 
JSON_MAPPER.writerWithDefaultPrettyPrinter().writeValueAsString(root) + "\n";
+      }
+      return YAML_MAPPER.writeValueAsString(root);
+    } catch (JsonProcessingException e) {
+      throw new IllegalSemanticModelException(
+          e, "Cannot serialize Apache Ossie document: %s", 
e.getOriginalMessage());
+    }
+  }
+
+  private static ObjectMapper createJsonMapper() {
+    return JsonMapper.builder()
+        .enable(DeserializationFeature.USE_BIG_DECIMAL_FOR_FLOATS)
+        .enable(DeserializationFeature.USE_BIG_INTEGER_FOR_INTS)
+        .build()
+        .setSerializationInclusion(JsonInclude.Include.NON_NULL);
+  }
+
+  private static ObjectMapper createYamlMapper() {
+    YAMLFactory factory =
+        YAMLFactory.builder()
+            .enable(StreamReadFeature.STRICT_DUPLICATE_DETECTION)
+            .disable(YAMLGenerator.Feature.WRITE_DOC_START_MARKER)
+            .build();
+    factory.setStreamReadConstraints(
+        StreamReadConstraints.builder()
+            .maxNestingDepth(MAX_NESTING_DEPTH)
+            .maxStringLength(MAX_DOCUMENT_LENGTH)
+            .build());
+    return new ObjectMapper(factory)
+        .enable(DeserializationFeature.FAIL_ON_TRAILING_TOKENS)
+        .enable(DeserializationFeature.USE_BIG_DECIMAL_FOR_FLOATS)
+        .enable(DeserializationFeature.USE_BIG_INTEGER_FOR_INTS)
+        .setSerializationInclusion(JsonInclude.Include.NON_NULL);
+  }
+
+  private static ObjectNode parseDocument(String document) {
+    if (StringUtils.isBlank(document)) {
+      throw new IllegalSemanticModelException("Apache Ossie document must not 
be empty");
+    }
+    if (document.length() > MAX_DOCUMENT_LENGTH) {
+      throw new IllegalSemanticModelException(
+          "Apache Ossie document exceeds the maximum length of %s characters", 
MAX_DOCUMENT_LENGTH);
+    }
+
+    try {
+      JsonNode parsed = YAML_MAPPER.readTree(document);
+      if (!(parsed instanceof ObjectNode)) {
+        throw invalid("$", "document root must be an object");
+      }
+      return (ObjectNode) parsed;
+    } catch (JsonProcessingException e) {
+      throw new IllegalSemanticModelException(
+          e, "Cannot parse Apache Ossie YAML or JSON: %s", 
e.getOriginalMessage());
+    }
+  }
+
+  private static SemanticModelCreateRequest toCreateRequest(ObjectNode root) {
+    validateObject(root, "$", ROOT_PROPERTIES);
+    String ossieVersion = validateVersion(root.get("version"));
+
+    Map<String, String> properties = new 
LinkedHashMap<>(extractProperties(root));
+    String extensionVersion = properties.get(PROPERTY_OSSIE_VERSION);
+    if (extensionVersion != null && !extensionVersion.equals(ossieVersion)) {
+      throw invalid(
+          "$.custom_extensions",
+          "Gravitino property '" + PROPERTY_OSSIE_VERSION + "' conflicts with 
$.version");
+    }
+    properties.put(PROPERTY_OSSIE_VERSION, ossieVersion);
+    ObjectNode definition = JSON_MAPPER.createObjectNode();
+    copy(root, definition, "ai_context");
+    copy(root, definition, "datasets");
+    copy(root, definition, "relationships");
+    copy(root, definition, "metrics");
+    copy(root, definition, "custom_extensions");
+    transformOssieDefinition(definition, "$");
+
+    ObjectNode requestNode = JSON_MAPPER.createObjectNode();
+    copy(root, requestNode, "name");
+    if (root.has("description")) {
+      requestNode.set("comment", root.get("description"));
+    }
+    requestNode.set("definition", definition);
+    requestNode.set("properties", JSON_MAPPER.valueToTree(properties));
+
+    try {
+      SemanticModelCreateRequest request =
+          JSON_MAPPER.treeToValue(requestNode, 
SemanticModelCreateRequest.class);
+      request.validate();
+      request.toDefinition();
+      return request;
+    } catch (JsonProcessingException | IllegalArgumentException e) {
+      throw new IllegalSemanticModelException(
+          e,
+          "Cannot convert Apache Ossie document to a Gravitino Semantic Model: 
%s",
+          originalMessage(e));
+    }
+  }
+
+  private static String validateVersion(@Nullable JsonNode version) {
+    if (version == null || !version.isTextual() || 
StringUtils.isBlank(version.textValue())) {
+      throw invalid("$.version", "must be a non-empty string");
+    }
+    return version.textValue();
+  }
+
+  private static String ossieVersion(Map<String, String> properties) {
+    String version = properties.getOrDefault(PROPERTY_OSSIE_VERSION, 
DEFAULT_OSSIE_VERSION);
+    if (StringUtils.isBlank(version)) {
+      throw invalid(
+          "$.version",
+          "Semantic Model property '" + PROPERTY_OSSIE_VERSION + "' must not 
be blank");
+    }
+    return version;
+  }
+
+  private static void transformOssieDefinition(ObjectNode definition, String 
path) {
+    validateAIContext(definition.get("ai_context"), path + ".ai_context");
+    transformObjectArray(
+        definition.get("datasets"),
+        path + ".datasets",
+        OssieSemanticModelDocumentConverter::transformOssieDataset);
+    transformObjectArray(
+        definition.get("relationships"),
+        path + ".relationships",
+        OssieSemanticModelDocumentConverter::transformOssieRelationship);
+    transformObjectArray(
+        definition.get("metrics"),
+        path + ".metrics",
+        OssieSemanticModelDocumentConverter::transformOssieMetric);
+    transformOssieCustomExtensions(
+        definition.get("custom_extensions"), path + ".custom_extensions");
+    rename(definition, "ai_context", "aiContext");
+    rename(definition, "custom_extensions", "customExtensions");
+  }
+
+  private static void transformOssieDataset(ObjectNode dataset, String path) {
+    validateObject(dataset, path, DATASET_PROPERTIES);
+    JsonNode source = dataset.get("source");
+    if (source != null) {
+      if (!source.isTextual()) {
+        throw invalid(path + ".source", "must be a string");
+      }
+      String sourceValue = source.textValue();
+      String[] parts = sourceValue.split("\\.", -1);
+      if (parts.length != 3 || StringUtils.isAnyBlank(parts)) {
+        throw invalid(
+            path + ".source",
+            "must be a three-part catalog.schema.entity identifier; query 
sources are not supported");
+      }
+      ObjectNode identifier = JSON_MAPPER.createObjectNode();
+      identifier.putArray("namespace").add(parts[0]).add(parts[1]);
+      identifier.put("name", parts[2]);
+      dataset.set("source", identifier);
+    }
+
+    validateAIContext(dataset.get("ai_context"), path + ".ai_context");
+    transformObjectArray(
+        dataset.get("fields"),
+        path + ".fields",
+        OssieSemanticModelDocumentConverter::transformOssieField);
+    transformOssieCustomExtensions(dataset.get("custom_extensions"), path + 
".custom_extensions");
+    rename(dataset, "primary_key", "primaryKey");
+    rename(dataset, "unique_keys", "uniqueKeys");
+    rename(dataset, "ai_context", "aiContext");
+    rename(dataset, "custom_extensions", "customExtensions");
+  }
+
+  private static void transformOssieField(ObjectNode field, String path) {
+    validateObject(field, path, FIELD_PROPERTIES);
+    transformOssieExpression(field.get("expression"), path + ".expression");
+    JsonNode dimension = field.get("dimension");
+    if (dimension instanceof ObjectNode) {
+      validateObject((ObjectNode) dimension, path + ".dimension", 
DIMENSION_PROPERTIES);
+      rename((ObjectNode) dimension, "is_time", "isTime");
+    }
+    validateAIContext(field.get("ai_context"), path + ".ai_context");
+    transformOssieCustomExtensions(field.get("custom_extensions"), path + 
".custom_extensions");
+    rename(field, "ai_context", "aiContext");
+    rename(field, "custom_extensions", "customExtensions");
+  }
+
+  private static void transformOssieRelationship(ObjectNode relationship, 
String path) {
+    validateObject(relationship, path, RELATIONSHIP_PROPERTIES);
+    validateAIContext(relationship.get("ai_context"), path + ".ai_context");
+    transformOssieCustomExtensions(
+        relationship.get("custom_extensions"), path + ".custom_extensions");
+    rename(relationship, "from_columns", "fromColumns");
+    rename(relationship, "to_columns", "toColumns");
+    rename(relationship, "ai_context", "aiContext");
+    rename(relationship, "custom_extensions", "customExtensions");
+  }
+
+  private static void transformOssieMetric(ObjectNode metric, String path) {
+    validateObject(metric, path, METRIC_PROPERTIES);
+    transformOssieExpression(metric.get("expression"), path + ".expression");
+    validateAIContext(metric.get("ai_context"), path + ".ai_context");
+    transformOssieCustomExtensions(metric.get("custom_extensions"), path + 
".custom_extensions");
+    rename(metric, "ai_context", "aiContext");
+    rename(metric, "custom_extensions", "customExtensions");
+  }
+
+  private static void transformOssieExpression(@Nullable JsonNode expression, 
String path) {
+    if (!(expression instanceof ObjectNode)) {
+      return;
+    }
+    ObjectNode expressionObject = (ObjectNode) expression;
+    validateObject(expressionObject, path, EXPRESSION_PROPERTIES);
+    transformObjectArray(
+        expressionObject.get("dialects"),
+        path + ".dialects",
+        (dialectExpression, dialectPath) -> {
+          validateObject(dialectExpression, dialectPath, 
DIALECT_EXPRESSION_PROPERTIES);
+          JsonNode dialect = dialectExpression.get("dialect");
+          if (dialect != null
+              && dialect.isTextual()
+              && !OSSIE_DIALECTS.contains(dialect.textValue())) {
+            throw invalid(
+                dialectPath + ".dialect",
+                "unsupported Apache Ossie dialect '" + dialect.textValue() + 
"'");
+          }
+        });
+  }
+
+  private static void transformOssieCustomExtensions(@Nullable JsonNode 
extensions, String path) {
+    transformObjectArray(
+        extensions,
+        path,
+        (extension, extensionPath) -> {
+          validateObject(extension, extensionPath, 
CUSTOM_EXTENSION_PROPERTIES);
+          rename(extension, "vendor_name", "vendorName");
+        });
+  }
+
+  private static void validateAIContext(@Nullable JsonNode context, String 
path) {
+    if (context == null) {
+      return;
+    }
+    if (context.isTextual()) {
+      return;
+    }
+    if (!(context instanceof ObjectNode)) {
+      throw invalid(path, "must be a string or object");
+    }
+
+    ObjectNode object = (ObjectNode) context;
+    validateOptionalText(object, "instructions", path);
+    validateOptionalStringArray(object, "synonyms", path);
+    validateOptionalStringArray(object, "examples", path);
+  }
+
+  private static void transformNativeDefinition(ObjectNode definition) {
+    transformObjectArray(
+        definition.get("datasets"),
+        "$.datasets",
+        OssieSemanticModelDocumentConverter::transformNativeDataset);
+    transformObjectArray(
+        definition.get("relationships"),
+        "$.relationships",
+        OssieSemanticModelDocumentConverter::transformNativeRelationship);
+    transformObjectArray(
+        definition.get("metrics"),
+        "$.metrics",
+        OssieSemanticModelDocumentConverter::transformNativeMetric);
+    transformNativeCustomExtensions(definition.get("customExtensions"), 
"$.custom_extensions");
+    rename(definition, "aiContext", "ai_context");
+    rename(definition, "customExtensions", "custom_extensions");
+  }
+
+  private static void transformNativeDataset(ObjectNode dataset, String path) {
+    JsonNode source = dataset.get("source");
+    if (!(source instanceof ObjectNode)) {
+      throw invalid(path + ".source", "must be a Gravitino source identifier");
+    }
+    JsonNode namespace = source.get("namespace");
+    JsonNode name = source.get("name");
+    if (!(namespace instanceof ArrayNode)
+        || namespace.size() != 2
+        || !namespace.get(0).isTextual()
+        || !namespace.get(1).isTextual()
+        || name == null
+        || !name.isTextual()) {
+      throw invalid(path + ".source", "must contain exactly 
catalog.schema.name");
+    }

Review Comment:
   The create path already enforces this invariant before persistence: 
SemanticModelOperationDispatcher passes 
SemanticModelValidator.validateDefinition into ManagedSemanticModelOperations, 
and validateSource requires exactly two namespace levels. 
TestSemanticModelValidator covers a shorter source. I also replaced the dot 
split with quote-aware parsing and formatting, with round-trip coverage for 
dots and escaped backticks in all three source segments.



##########
core/src/main/java/org/apache/gravitino/semantic/OssieSemanticModelDocumentConverter.java:
##########
@@ -0,0 +1,715 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information
+ * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *  http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+ * software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+ * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+ * KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+ * specific language governing permissions and limitations
+ * under the License.
+ */
+package org.apache.gravitino.semantic;
+
+import static 
org.apache.gravitino.semantic.SemanticModel.DEFAULT_OSSIE_VERSION;
+import static 
org.apache.gravitino.semantic.SemanticModel.PROPERTY_OSSIE_VERSION;
+
+import com.fasterxml.jackson.annotation.JsonInclude;
+import com.fasterxml.jackson.core.JsonProcessingException;
+import com.fasterxml.jackson.core.StreamReadConstraints;
+import com.fasterxml.jackson.core.StreamReadFeature;
+import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.DeserializationFeature;
+import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.JsonNode;
+import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.ObjectMapper;
+import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.json.JsonMapper;
+import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.node.ArrayNode;
+import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.node.ObjectNode;
+import com.fasterxml.jackson.dataformat.yaml.YAMLFactory;
+import com.fasterxml.jackson.dataformat.yaml.YAMLGenerator;
+import java.util.Iterator;
+import java.util.LinkedHashMap;
+import java.util.Map;
+import java.util.Objects;
+import java.util.Set;
+import javax.annotation.Nullable;
+import org.apache.commons.lang3.StringUtils;
+import org.apache.gravitino.dto.requests.SemanticModelCreateRequest;
+import org.apache.gravitino.dto.semantic.SemanticModelDefinitionDTO;
+import org.apache.gravitino.exceptions.IllegalSemanticModelException;
+
+/** Converts between standalone Apache Ossie documents and Gravitino Semantic 
Models. */
+public final class OssieSemanticModelDocumentConverter {
+
+  /** Maximum accepted document length in characters. */
+  public static final int MAX_DOCUMENT_LENGTH = 4 * 1024 * 1024;
+
+  private static final String GRAVITINO_VENDOR = "GRAVITINO";
+  private static final String INTERCHANGE_MARKER = 
"_apache_gravitino_interchange";
+  private static final int INTERCHANGE_MARKER_VERSION = 1;
+  private static final int MAX_NESTING_DEPTH = 100;
+
+  private static final Set<String> ROOT_PROPERTIES =
+      Set.of(
+          "version",
+          "name",
+          "description",
+          "ai_context",
+          "datasets",
+          "relationships",
+          "metrics",
+          "custom_extensions");
+  private static final Set<String> DATASET_PROPERTIES =
+      Set.of(
+          "name",
+          "source",
+          "primary_key",
+          "unique_keys",
+          "description",
+          "ai_context",
+          "fields",
+          "custom_extensions");
+  private static final Set<String> FIELD_PROPERTIES =
+      Set.of(
+          "name",
+          "expression",
+          "dimension",
+          "label",
+          "description",
+          "datatype",
+          "ai_context",
+          "custom_extensions");
+  private static final Set<String> RELATIONSHIP_PROPERTIES =
+      Set.of("name", "from", "to", "from_columns", "to_columns", "ai_context", 
"custom_extensions");
+  private static final Set<String> METRIC_PROPERTIES =
+      Set.of("name", "expression", "description", "datatype", "ai_context", 
"custom_extensions");
+  private static final Set<String> EXPRESSION_PROPERTIES = Set.of("dialects");
+  private static final Set<String> DIALECT_EXPRESSION_PROPERTIES = 
Set.of("dialect", "expression");
+  private static final Set<String> DIMENSION_PROPERTIES = Set.of("is_time");
+  private static final Set<String> CUSTOM_EXTENSION_PROPERTIES = 
Set.of("vendor_name", "data");
+  private static final Set<String> OSSIE_DIALECTS =
+      Set.of(
+          "ANSI_SQL",
+          "SNOWFLAKE",
+          "MDX",
+          "TABLEAU",
+          "DATABRICKS",
+          "MAQL",
+          "BIGQUERY",
+          "SIGMA",
+          "THOUGHTSPOT",
+          "DAX",
+          "OSSIE_SQL_2026");
+
+  private static final ObjectMapper JSON_MAPPER = createJsonMapper();
+  private static final ObjectMapper YAML_MAPPER = createYamlMapper();
+
+  /** Supported Ossie document serialization formats. */
+  public enum Format {
+    /** YAML serialization. */
+    YAML,
+    /** JSON serialization. */
+    JSON
+  }
+
+  private OssieSemanticModelDocumentConverter() {}
+
+  /**
+   * Converts one standalone Apache Ossie YAML or JSON document into a create 
request.
+   *
+   * @param document The standalone Ossie document.
+   * @return The converted Semantic Model create request.
+   * @throws IllegalSemanticModelException If the document cannot be parsed or 
represented by
+   *     Gravitino.
+   */
+  public static SemanticModelCreateRequest importDocument(String document) {
+    ObjectNode root = parseDocument(document);
+    return toCreateRequest(root);
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Exports one Gravitino Semantic Model as a standalone Apache Ossie 
document.
+   *
+   * @param semanticModel The Semantic Model to export.
+   * @param format The requested serialization format.
+   * @return The serialized Ossie document.
+   * @throws IllegalSemanticModelException If the model cannot be represented 
as a valid Ossie
+   *     document.
+   */
+  public static String exportDocument(SemanticModel semanticModel, Format 
format) {
+    Objects.requireNonNull(semanticModel, "semanticModel must not be null");
+    Objects.requireNonNull(format, "format must not be null");
+
+    ObjectNode definition =
+        JSON_MAPPER.valueToTree(
+            
SemanticModelDefinitionDTO.fromDefinition(semanticModel.definition()));
+    transformNativeDefinition(definition);
+
+    ObjectNode root = JSON_MAPPER.createObjectNode();
+    root.put("version", ossieVersion(semanticModel.properties()));
+    root.put("name", semanticModel.name());
+    if (semanticModel.comment() != null) {
+      root.put("description", semanticModel.comment());
+    }
+    definition.fields().forEachRemaining(entry -> root.set(entry.getKey(), 
entry.getValue()));
+    stashProperties(root, semanticModel.properties());
+
+    // Validate the generated document through the same conversion path used 
for imports.
+    toCreateRequest(root.deepCopy());
+
+    try {
+      if (format == Format.JSON) {
+        return 
JSON_MAPPER.writerWithDefaultPrettyPrinter().writeValueAsString(root) + "\n";
+      }
+      return YAML_MAPPER.writeValueAsString(root);
+    } catch (JsonProcessingException e) {
+      throw new IllegalSemanticModelException(
+          e, "Cannot serialize Apache Ossie document: %s", 
e.getOriginalMessage());
+    }
+  }
+
+  private static ObjectMapper createJsonMapper() {
+    return JsonMapper.builder()
+        .enable(DeserializationFeature.USE_BIG_DECIMAL_FOR_FLOATS)
+        .enable(DeserializationFeature.USE_BIG_INTEGER_FOR_INTS)
+        .build()
+        .setSerializationInclusion(JsonInclude.Include.NON_NULL);
+  }
+
+  private static ObjectMapper createYamlMapper() {
+    YAMLFactory factory =
+        YAMLFactory.builder()
+            .enable(StreamReadFeature.STRICT_DUPLICATE_DETECTION)
+            .disable(YAMLGenerator.Feature.WRITE_DOC_START_MARKER)
+            .build();
+    factory.setStreamReadConstraints(
+        StreamReadConstraints.builder()
+            .maxNestingDepth(MAX_NESTING_DEPTH)
+            .maxStringLength(MAX_DOCUMENT_LENGTH)
+            .build());

Review Comment:
   The asymmetry was not intentional. Both JSON_MAPPER and YAML_MAPPER now use 
one shared StreamReadConstraints instance with nesting depth 100 and string 
length 4 MiB. A regression test verifies that an over-deep JSON 
custom-extension payload is not parsed as the reserved Gravitino marker.



##########
server/src/main/java/org/apache/gravitino/server/web/rest/SemanticModelOperations.java:
##########
@@ -116,6 +115,53 @@ public Response createSemanticModel(
     }
   }
 
+  /**
+   * Imports a standalone Apache Ossie YAML or JSON document as a Semantic 
Model.
+   *
+   * @param metalake The metalake name.
+   * @param catalog The catalog name.
+   * @param schema The schema name.
+   * @param document The standalone Ossie document.
+   * @return A native response containing the created Semantic Model.
+   */
+  @POST
+  @Path("ossie")
+  @Consumes({MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON, OSSIE_YAML_MEDIA_TYPE, 
OSSIE_X_YAML_MEDIA_TYPE})

Review Comment:
   Added text/yaml to @Consumes with REST coverage. I kept text/plain and 
application/x-www-form-urlencoded unsupported: text/plain does not cover the 
default form content type used by curl --data-binary, so curl callers still 
need to send an explicit YAML Content-Type.



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