Steve Gibson talks about XOR on the PDP-8 here: https://www.grc.com/pdp-8/isp-musings.htm
In summary, Steve uses this condensed code using "carryless addition" for XOR: CLA / clear accumulator (AC) since all we have is add! TAD ArgOne / add (TAD) ArgOne to the just-zeroed AC AND ArgTwo / AND ArgTwo to determine where the carrys will be CLL RAL / clear the LINK (CLL) and rotate the accumulator left (RAL) CMA IAC / compliment (CMA) & increment (IAC) the accumulator (negate) TAD ArgOne / add the first argument to the negated accumulator TAD ArgTwo / and add the second argument as well / the accumulator now contains the XOR of ArgOne & ArgTwo Best I can tell, Charles proposed the same thing, but for whatever reason changed the last instruction to DCA instead of TAD. Kyle