On Monday, February 10, 2025 4:31:46 PM CET Ondřej Surý wrote: > I am pretty much confused, unless you are using this setup for educational > purposes, it makes little sense. > > Setup like this is similar to onion - it has layers and it makes you cry, > you can add docker for extra pain or kubernetes for permanent blindness. > > It is going to be much easier to get $5/month VPS. Alternatively get (used) > RPi and host it on a local network. > > Ondrej
Raspberry Pi's are really interesting little devices, that - if the budget is around 50-200 euro - could offer a really competitive value proposition. I've had 5 of them for about half a decade by now, though I gave one of them to my little sister as a birthday gift. The first question she asked, was whether it could charge her phone :) The other four have been going on and off in my networks. 2 are currently still in use as gateway devices (running WireGuard and keepalived), while one of them has been used for a satellite network. Their base price of 35 euro is incredible, but there's other costs like power supply (5V 2-3A) to consider. Also, a micro SD card for storage. One may also want to use different means to power the Pi. Personally, I got myself a bunch of 15W UPS boards and used one of the 5V boards to power the aforementioned 2 gateway devices over GPIO pins 3 and 5. This has been stable for about a year now. However, GreatScott (a German electrical engineer on YouTube) measured their outputs, and determined them to be quite electrically noisy. The Pi does not use 5V directly for anything but things like USB, the Broadcom CPU meanwhile uses 3.3V. This suggests that it is stepped down further using an internal power supply, where additional filtering would be expected. I'm not too concerned about it, and the benefits outweigh the costs. He was also heavily invested in fixing similar problems in his powerbanks at the time, so the verdict may have been biased. Lots of switching power supplies are noisy like that. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6bicunweBAQ[1] Problem is, 1GB of memory in my 3B's is hardly sufficient for more than just BIND alone. For an entire network, it needed a lot more than that (DHCP, hostapd, Postfix/Dovecot, Samba, ...). The memory requirements quickly balloon back into a fraction of the 100-odd GB I need normally. In retrospect, I'd probably go for 4 or 8GB instead. Additionally, the SD cards are too slow. Newer Pi's do have PCIe exposed for an SSD though I believe, which may be a better option. But that also adds significantly to the cost. Finally, regarding the VPS's... It depends on whether this is for personal education or public production use I guess. If WinBIND was initially considered, I somehow doubt it. The way I see it, the public internet is far too risky a place to learn DNS in. Local service meanwhile can fail with hardly any repercussions. There is something to be said about an old PC, like one of the Optiplex 7040 boxes I currently have in service. They're very quiet, cheap, and can contain up to 2 SATA drives (using a molex splitter and a 3.5" caddy). Those can have their RAM upgraded to 16GB too, and have dedicated 1G networking. The total cost may well be similar to the Pi when fully fleshed out, with the remaining difference being performance, and a UPS being either more expensive, or a lot more complex (replacing the inbuilt power supply and all its voltage rails, not for the faint of heart). As with everything engineering, I suppose it's a variety of compromises. -- Met vriendelijke groet, Michael De Roover Mail: i...@nixmagic.com Web: michael.de.roover.eu.org -------- [1] https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6bicunweBAQ
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