$state evaluates as true (I think that's what you're asking). ####################################
$state = {}; if($state){ print "\$state is true: $state\n"; }else{ print "\$state is false"; } #################################### $state is true because it's not empty. It's a reference to a hash that is empty. -----Original Message----- From: David Arnold [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] Sent: Thursday, July 15, 2004 7:24 PM To: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Subject: !$state All, If: $state={}; Then, what is: !$state -- To unsubscribe, e-mail: [EMAIL PROTECTED] For additional commands, e-mail: [EMAIL PROTECTED] <http://learn.perl.org/> <http://learn.perl.org/first-response>