Frequency & Pitch..Contd...
- ***A note is produced by a very rapid, regular pulsing.*
*If you take a drum sound with a beat every second*
*Then speed it up to 512 times per second*
*You will perceive it as a note of 512Hz, as in the example above*
- *There are a lot of examples in real life that you will already be
familiar with:*
*The high-pitched whine of a mosquito is caused by the wings beating at over
1000 times a second*
*
**The sound of a propeller starting up, at first a slow thump, which turns
into a low noise, and finally into a whine**
The note produced by a razor or a vacuum cleaner is caused by the regular
movement of a blade or motor.**
The best example is probably a electronic metronome, which uses the same
oscillating circuit to produce a beat as to produce a tuning note. A tuning
note is produced by getting the circuit to oscillate at 440Hz.
*
Regards,
Ganesh
On Sat, Jun 28, 2008 at 8:24 PM, Ganesh Narayanan <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
wrote:
> Frequency or pitch
>
> - *Pitch is a musical term with a meaning which is very close to the
> meaning of the scientific term frequency*
>
>
> - *The scientific term frequency is slightly more specific than the
> normal use of the word frequency, which means simply "how often something
> happens".*
>
>
> - *It means the number of times an event occurs in a period of time.*
>
>
> - *Hertz (abbreviated to Hz), is the scientific unit for the number of
> times an event happens in one second.*
>
>
> - *For example, an electric current which alternates its direction 50
> times each second is referred to as 50Hz*
>
>
> - *A computer with a clock tick 90 million times a second is called a
> 90MHz machine ("M" being short for the prefix "Mega" meaning a million)
> *
>
>
> - *H. R. Hertz was a physicist in the 19th Century (1857-1894)*
>
>
> - *A note (in my definition) has one, and only one, pitch.*
>
>
> - *The pitch or frequency can be stated in a number of different ways:*
>
>
> - *The scientific way, e.g. "512Hz".*
>
> *This method is absolutely precise and accurate*
> *There is no possibility of error or inaccuracy*
>
> **
>
> - As a musical description, e.g. "Treble C" or, " c' ", or "The third
> space on the treble-clef", or "C above middle C"
>
> *This method is not precise and not accurate*
> *There is scope for misunderstanding*
> *If the instruction is understood, the exact pitch is imprecise and will
> depend on the tuning of the instrument*
>
> Regards,
> Ganesh
>
>
> On Sat, Jun 28, 2008 at 8:19 PM, Ganesh Narayanan <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
> wrote:
>
>> What is Rhythm...
>>
>> - *Rhythm in music is dependent on the fact that humans recognise a
>> beat occurring at a regular interval.*
>>
>>
>> - *Rhythm in music is more than just a beat, however; it is the way
>> that sounds with differing lengths (or gaps between them) and accents can
>> combine to produce patterns in time which contain a beat.*
>>
>>
>> - *These sounds do not have to be particularly musical; rhythms can be
>> made by striking almost anything, as long as there can be difference in
>> accent.*
>>
>>
>> - *Differences in accent can mean different sounds or just different
>> loudness (i.e. amplitudes) of sounds*
>>
>>
>> - *It is common to speak of a particular rhythm, referring to a
>> pattern of note lengths which occurs in a piece of music.*
>>
>>
>> - *It is important to understand that the rhythm is defined by the
>> pattern; the overall speed of it could vary from performance to
>> performance,
>> but the rhythm would still be the same.*
>>
>>
>> - *The speed or tempo of a piece of music is indicated by a metronome
>> marking and/or a direction word or phrase; its rhythm is specified by
>> various note lengths creating beats within bars.*
>>
>> Regards,
>> Ganesh
>> *
>> *
>>
>> On Sat, Jun 28, 2008 at 8:17 PM, Ganesh Narayanan <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
>> wrote:
>>
>>> What is a Bar or measure?
>>>
>>>
>>> - Music is normally divided into equal time-lengths called bars (or,
>>> in some countries, measures - see alternative names), each consisting of
>>> the
>>> same number of beats.
>>> - The time signature gives the number of beats in a bar and the type
>>> of beats, so it tells you how long each bar is (in terms of the number
>>> and
>>> type of notes and/or rests in a single part in that bar).
>>> - Bars dividers, called bar-lines, are indicated in a score by a
>>> vertical line from the top to the bottom of the stave. A double bar-line
>>> is
>>> written at the end of a piece:
>>> http://neilhawes.com/sstheory/stave2pt.gif . The double bar-line is
>>> sometimes written with the second line thicker than the first; this is
>>> normally used at the very end of a piece, and two equal lines are used at
>>> the end of sections.
>>> - Bars give an intuitive division of a piece of music into manageable
>>> chunks; the strongest accents come on the beat immediately following a
>>> bar
>>> line, so it is relatively easy to count bars, and it should be easy to
>>> count
>>> the beats within each bar.
>>> - The number of bars in a section of music is often regular; four
>>> bars often make a short phrase, eight bars and sixteen bars are often the
>>> section sizes next largest. These numbers feel "natural"; a section of
>>> 17 or
>>> 19 bars often feels "wrong". This is because of a hierarchical structure
>>> of
>>> beats strengths that we naturally feel; there is a strong accent on the
>>> beat
>>> at the beginning of every fourth bar, an even stronger one at the
>>> beginning
>>> of every eighth bar, and so on.
>>>
>>>
>>>
>>> On Sat, Jun 28, 2008 at 8:08 PM, Ganesh Narayanan <
>>> [EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
>>>
>>>> *Within the context of a piece of music, the word beat has a special
>>>> meaning. It is the consistent pulse of the music, as in the previous
>>>> meaning
>>>> (above), but the special meaning also includes the duration of the beat and
>>>> the way the beats are grouped.*
>>>>
>>>>
>>>> - *The note length of the beat is specified by the time signature.*
>>>>
>>>>
>>>>
>>>> - *The time signature also specifies how many of these beats there
>>>> are in a bar.*
>>>>
>>>>
>>>>
>>>> - *The speed of this beat is specified by any direction words and/or
>>>> metronome marking.*
>>>>
>>>>
>>>>
>>>> - *The first beat in each bar is generally felt as stronger than the
>>>> other beats in the bar. This might be literally by a stronger beat
>>>> perhaps
>>>> by a drum, or it might be implied by the harmonic or melodic shape of
>>>> the
>>>> music. Within a bar of four or more beats, there will almost certainly
>>>> be a
>>>> sub-division, which means that another beat in the bar will be felt as
>>>> being
>>>> stronger than the others, but not as strong as the first. This pattern
>>>> of
>>>> strong, less strong and weaker beats is normally governed by the time
>>>> signature.*
>>>>
>>>>
>>>>
>>>> On Sat, Jun 28, 2008 at 8:07 PM, Ganesh Narayanan <
>>>> [EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
>>>>
>>>>> Jus thought of sharing some really useful Information that i found on
>>>>> the net while trying to get some music lessons....of late hearing a lot of
>>>>> musical Jargons on orkut...thought of reading up on them to understand
>>>>> what
>>>>> do they exactly mean...hope u'll enjoy reading it!!
>>>>>
>>>>> What is a Beat.... There are two slightly different meanings of the
>>>>> word "beat" in music, but the second is essentially a special case of the
>>>>> first:
>>>>>
>>>>> *1) Beat is the most fundamental concept of rhythm:*
>>>>>
>>>>>
>>>>> - *A beat is a pulse that occurs at regular intervals, i.e. with
>>>>> equal time intervals between the pulses, which is heard (and often
>>>>> felt) by
>>>>> humans.*
>>>>>
>>>>>
>>>>> - *A regular beat can have an emotional effect on a person: for
>>>>> example, it can be exciting, relaxing or irritating.*
>>>>>
>>>>>
>>>>> - *There are probably many reasons why our brains "tune in" to a
>>>>> regular pulse:*
>>>>>
>>>>> *
>>>>> * Our heartbeat is (normally) regular
>>>>> * When we walk or run, our feet land in a regular rhythm (in order to
>>>>> maintain balance)
>>>>> * To be able to judge time properly, we have to be able to accurately
>>>>> subdivide it, e.g. count seconds*
>>>>>
>>>>> *# **These regular intervals could be any perceptible interval, but
>>>>> experience shows that useful pulse speeds are those which can be counted
>>>>> and
>>>>> felt, which are similar to the speed of walking, or the speed of a
>>>>> heartbeat, i.e. between around 40 a minute and 200 a minute (over 3 per
>>>>> second).*
>>>>>
>>>>> *# **In general, a slow beat will be about 70 or less, which can be
>>>>> compared to a leisurely walking speed or a heartbeat in relaxation; a fast
>>>>> beat will be from 120 upwards, which can be compared to a fast walk or run
>>>>> or a fast-beating heart; generally speaking, a slow beat is relaxing and a
>>>>> fast beat is exciting.*
>>>>>
>>>>> *#* *The beat may have a definite frequency or pitch, or it may not.*
>>>>>
>>>>> *# **Even if a beat is regular, it may not be exactly the same each
>>>>> beat each time:
>>>>>
>>>>> * the volume may change in some pattern
>>>>> * the pitch may change in some pattern
>>>>> * the tone may change in some pattern
>>>>> * any combination of any of the above may change*
>>>>>
>>>>> *# **When a beat is combined with patterns of accents, and other
>>>>> patterns of changes in pitch, volume etc., then you have the beginnings of
>>>>> rhythm.*
>>>>>
>>>>>
>>>>
>>>
>>
>
