CVSROOT: /web/www Module name: www Changes by: GNUN <gnun> 12/02/18 09:29:47
Modified files: philosophy : free-doc.ja.html Added files: philosophy/po : free-doc.ja-en.html Log message: Automatic update by GNUnited Nations. CVSWeb URLs: http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/philosophy/free-doc.ja.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.3&r2=1.4 http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/philosophy/po/free-doc.ja-en.html?cvsroot=www&rev=1.1 Patches: Index: free-doc.ja.html =================================================================== RCS file: /web/www/www/philosophy/free-doc.ja.html,v retrieving revision 1.3 retrieving revision 1.4 diff -u -b -r1.3 -r1.4 --- free-doc.ja.html 30 Dec 2011 05:18:30 -0000 1.3 +++ free-doc.ja.html 18 Feb 2012 09:27:47 -0000 1.4 @@ -1,201 +1,215 @@ -<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//IETF//DTD HTML 2.0//EN"> -<HTML> -<HEAD> -<TITLE>¥Õ¥ê¡¼¥½¥Õ¥È¥¦¥§¥¢¤È¥Õ¥ê¡¼¥Þ¥Ë¥å¥¢¥ë - GNU ¥×¥í¥¸¥§¥¯¥È - ¥Õ¥ê¡¼¥½¥Õ¥È¥¦¥§¥¢ºâÃÄ (FSF)</TITLE> -<LINK REV="made" HREF="mailto:webmast...@www.gnu.org"> -<LINK REV="translated" HREF="web-translators...@www.gnu.org"> -</HEAD> -<BODY BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF" TEXT="#000000" LINK="#1F00FF" ALINK="#FF0000" VLINK="#9900DD"> -<H3>¥Õ¥ê¡¼¥½¥Õ¥È¥¦¥§¥¢¤È¥Õ¥ê¡¼¥Þ¥Ë¥å¥¢¥ë</H3> -<P> -<A HREF="http://www.stallman.org/"><STRONG>Richard Stallman</STRONG></A>Ãø -<P> - -<A HREF="/graphics/agnuhead.ja.html"><IMG SRC="/graphics/gnu-head-sm.jpg" - ALT=" [¥°¥Ì¡¼¤ÎƬ¤Î²èÁü] " - WIDTH="129" HEIGHT="122"></A> - -[ - <A HREF="/philosophy/free-doc.ca.html">¥«¥¿¥í¥Ë¥¢¸ì</A> -| <A HREF="/philosophy/free-doc.en.html">±Ñ¸ì</A> -| <A HREF="/philosophy/free-doc.ja.html">ÆüËܸì</A> -| <A HREF="/philosophy/free-doc.ru.html">¥í¥·¥¢¸ì</A> -| <A HREF="/philosophy/free-doc.es.html">¥¹¥Ú¥¤¥ó¸ì</A> ] -<P> -<hr> + +<!--#include virtual="/server/header.ja.html" --> + +<!-- This file is automatically generated by GNUnited Nations! --> +<title>èªç±ã½ããã¦ã§ã¢ãèªç±ãªææ¸ãå¿ è¦ã¨ããçç± - GNU ããã¸ã§ã¯ã - ããªã¼ã½ããã¦ã§ã¢ãã¡ã¦ã³ãã¼ã·ã§ã³ (FSF)</title> + +<!--#include virtual="/server/banner.ja.html" --> +<!--#include virtual="/philosophy/po/free-doc.translist" --> +<h2>èªç±ã½ããã¦ã§ã¢ãèªç±ãªææ¸ãå¿ è¦ã¨ããçç±</h2> + +<div style="text-align: center; font-size: 110%;text-shadow: 0 0 0.2em #fff; width: 300px; 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ãããããããã¡ã¯ããã¥ã¢ã«ããããã©ã¤ã¨ã¿ãªãªåºçã®ããã«å¤±ãç¶ãã¦ãã¾ããããããããã¡ããããã©ã¤ã¨ã¿ãªãªããã¥ã¢ã«ã§ã¯ååã§ã¯ç¡ãã¨ããææ³ãåºãããªãã°ãããããGNUãææ¸ãæ¸ããã¨ã§å©ãããã¨æã次ã®äººã¯ãæé ãã«ãªãåã«ããããçµå±ã®ã¨ããèªç±ã«ããªããã°ãªããªãã¨ãããã¨ãæãã§ãããã</p> + +<p> +ããããã¡ã¯ã¾ããåæ¥çåºçè ã«å¯¾ãã¦ããããã©ã¤ã¨ã¿ãªãªããã¥ã¢ã«ã«ä»£ãã£ã¦èªç±ã§ã³ãã¼ã¬ããã®ä¸»å¼µãããããã¥ã¢ã«ã販売ãããã¨ãè¦ãã¦ãã¾ããããªãããã®åããæ´å©ã§ããä¸ã¤ã®æ¹æ³ã¯ãããã¥ã¢ã«ãè²·ãåã«ãã®é å¸æ¡ä»¶ããã§ãã¯ããã³ãã¼ã¬ãããªããã¥ã¢ã«ãéã³ãã¼ã¬ãããªãã®ããã好ãã§è²·ãã¨ãããã¨ã§ãã</p> +<p> +[注: ããããã¡ã¯<a +href="/doc/other-free-books.html">ã»ãã®åºç社ããå ¥æå¯è½èªç±ãªæ¬ã®ä¸è¦§ãã¼ã¸</a>ãä¿å®ãã¦ãã¾ã]ã</p> + + +<div style="font-size: small;"> + +<!--TRANSLATORS: Use space (SPC) as msgstr if you don't have notes.--> + </div> +</div> + +<!--#include virtual="/server/footer.ja.html" --> +<div id="footer"> +<p> +FSFããã³GNUã«é¢ããåãåãã㯠<a +href="mailto:g...@gnu.org"><g...@gnu.org></a>ã¾ã§ãé¡ããã¾ã(è±èª)ãFSFã¸ã®é£çµ¡ã¯<a +href="/contact/">ä»ã®æ¹æ³</a>ãããã¾ãã +<br /> +ãªã³ã¯åããä»ã®ä¿®æ£ãææ¡ã¯<a 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Many of our most important programs do not come +with full manuals. Documentation is an essential part of any software +package; when an important free software package does not come with a +free manual, that is a major gap. We have many such gaps today.</p> + +<p> +Once upon a time, many years ago, I thought I would learn Perl. I got +a copy of a free manual, but I found it hard to read. When I asked +Perl users about alternatives, they told me that there were better +introductory manuals—but those were not free.</p> + +<p> +Why was this? The authors of the good manuals had written them for +O'Reilly Associates, which published them with restrictive +terms—no copying, no modification, source files not +available—which exclude them from the free software +community.</p> + +<p> +That wasn't the first time this sort of thing has happened, and (to +our community's great loss) it was far from the last. Proprietary +manual publishers have enticed a great many authors to restrict their +manuals since then. Many times I have heard a GNU user eagerly tell +me about a manual that he is writing, with which he expects to help +the GNU Project—and then had my hopes dashed, as he proceeded to +explain that he had signed a contract with a publisher that would +restrict it so that we cannot use it.</p> + +<p> +Given that writing good English is a rare skill among programmers, we +can ill afford to lose manuals this way.</p> + +<p> +Free documentation, like free software, is a matter of freedom, not +price. The problem with these manuals was not that O'Reilly +Associates charged a price for printed copies—that in itself is +fine. (The Free Software Foundation +<a href="/doc/doc.html#DescriptionsOfGNUDocumentation">sells printed +copies</a> of free <a href="/doc/doc.html">GNU manuals</a>, too.) But +GNU manuals are available in source code form, while these manuals are +available only on paper. GNU manuals come with permission to copy and +modify; the Perl manuals do not. These restrictions are the problems.</p> + +<p> +The criterion for a free manual is pretty much the same as for free +software: it is a matter of giving all users certain freedoms. +Redistribution (including commercial redistribution) must be +permitted, so that the manual can accompany every copy of the program, +on line or on paper. Permission for modification is crucial too.</p> + +<p> +As a general rule, I don't believe that it is essential for people to +have permission to modify all sorts of articles and books. The issues +for writings are not necessarily the same as those for software. For +example, I don't think you or I are obliged to give permission to +modify articles like this one, which describe our actions and our +views.</p> + +<p> +But there is a particular reason why the freedom to modify is crucial +for documentation for free software. When people exercise their right +to modify the software, and add or change its features, if they are +conscientious they will change the manual too—so they can provide +accurate and usable documentation with the modified program. A manual +which forbids programmers from being conscientious and finishing the job, or +more precisely requires them to write a new manual from scratch if +they change the program, does not fill our community's needs.</p> + +<p> +While a blanket prohibition on modification is unacceptable, some +kinds of limits on the method of modification pose no problem. For +example, requirements to preserve the original author's copyright +notice, the distribution terms, or the list of authors, are OK. It is +also no problem to require modified versions to include notice that +they were modified, even to have entire sections that may not be +deleted or changed, as long as these sections deal with nontechnical +topics. (Some GNU manuals have them.)</p> + +<p> +These kinds of restrictions are not a problem because, as a practical +matter, they don't stop the conscientious programmer from adapting the +manual to fit the modified program. In other words, they don't block +the free software community from making full use of the manual.</p> + +<p> +However, it must be possible to modify all the <em>technical</em> +content of the manual, and then distribute the result through all the usual +media, through all the usual channels; otherwise, the restrictions do +block the community, the manual is not free, and so we need another +manual.</p> + +<p> +Unfortunately, it is often hard to find someone to write another +manual when a proprietary manual exists. The obstacle is that many +users think that a proprietary manual is good enough—so they +don't see the need to write a free manual. They do not see that the +free operating system has a gap that needs filling.</p> + +<p> +Why do users think that proprietary manuals are good enough? Some +have not considered the issue. I hope this article will do something +to change that.</p> + +<p> +Other users consider proprietary manuals acceptable for the same +reason so many people consider proprietary software acceptable: they +judge in purely practical terms, not using freedom as a criterion. +These people are entitled to their opinions, but since those opinions +spring from values which do not include freedom, they are no guide for +those of us who do value freedom.</p> + +<p> +Please spread the word about this issue. We continue to lose manuals +to proprietary publishing. If we spread the word that proprietary +manuals are not sufficient, perhaps the next person who wants to help +GNU by writing documentation will realize, before it is too late, that +he must above all make it free.</p> + +<p> +We can also encourage commercial publishers to sell free, copylefted +manuals instead of proprietary ones. One way you can help this is to +check the distribution terms of a manual before you buy it, and +prefer copylefted manuals to noncopylefted ones.</p> +<p> +[Note: We maintain a <a href="/doc/other-free-books.html">page +that lists free books available from other publishers</a>].</p> + +</div> + +<!--#include virtual="/server/footer.html" --> + +<div id="footer"> +<p> +Please send FSF & GNU inquiries to +<a href="mailto:g...@gnu.org"><g...@gnu.org></a>. 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