The quick summary of that tl;dr page is that there are two separate
concepts:

  Volumetric Water Content (VWC), which is the fraction of any volume of
  soil that is water.  This is dimensionless, and typically in %.

  Water potential, reported as pressure

The wilting level of a plant depends on water potential, and the
relationship between VWC and water potential is highly dependent on soil
type.

Field capacity is the moisture after soaking and draining (but not
evaporation or plant use, I think).

With my WH51, it seems reasonably clear that it's trying to measure VMC,
and my experimentally determined 22%/40% makes sense.

The Davis sensor is very clearly water potential with a negative sign,
termed "suction" and in pressure units.  The spec sheet says:

  
https://www.davisinstruments.com/product_documents/weather/spec_sheets/6440_SS.pdf
  https://irrometer.com/sensors.html

  The Soil Moisture/Temperature Station converts the electrical
  resistance reading from the sensor into a calibrated reading of
  centibars of soil water suction with a range from 0 (wettest) to 200
  (driest) centibars.


The metergroup page gives an example of -0.3 Mpa, or -300 000 Pa.
Midrange in Davis is 100 cb which is 1 bar, and mulitplying by 100 000
Pa/bar gets -100 000 Pa.  This doesn't quite line up as the example is
1.5x the top range, but it could be that typical soil for a
non-irrigated tree is much drier than for crops.


Architecturally, weewx should have separate column names with associated
units for VWC and either suction or water potential, deciding on
positive/negative.  That's my theory right now and I'm sticking to it
for at least an hour!

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