Anthony,
Thanks so much for sharing the expertise, and so quickly.

I had completely misunderstood about the decorators. Actually stacking them 
is the simplest and easiest answer, given that it is a valid thing to do. 

I hear what you say about the unnecessary database hits and the lambda. I 
had read the other string about this: "Authorization decorators always 
generate db queries" that you had kindly posted to. This was something else 
I misunderstood as I thought an update was applied to this on 11/18/11. 
Oops sorry, I will be sure to take your advice on this point also.

So, answer is: stacking the decorators and adding lambda to 
@auth.requires(auth.has_membership.....

Thanks again
Simon


On Friday, April 12, 2013 2:34:06 PM UTC+1, Anthony wrote:
>
> @auth.requires(auth.has_membership('Approver') or 
>> auth.has_membership('Admin'))   #allowing Admin or Approvers to access
>
>
> The above will execute the has_membership queries every time the 
> controller is called, even when not accessing the decorated function. To 
> avoid the unnecessary database hits, you can put the condition inside a 
> lambda (so it will only get called when the decorated function is actually 
> accessed):
>
> @auth.requires(lambda: auth.has_membership('Approver') or auth.
> has_membership('Admin'))
>
> 1) How do I combine these decorators to include BOTH group membership and 
>> requires_signature() ?
>> 2) Can I use multiple,separate decorators for a function()? (I am sure 
>> not)
>>
>
> Yes, decorators can be stacked:
>
> @auth.requires_signature()
> @auth.requires(some_condition)
> def myfunc():
>     ...
>  
>
>> 3) It is also possible to add addtional conditions to @auth.requires() 
>> e.g. mytable.department==auth.user.department (for added security!)
>>
>
> Yes, the first argument to @auth.requires() can be any expression -- its 
> truthiness will be evaluated to determine whether access is granted. It can 
> also be a callable, it which case, it will be called and the return value 
> will be evaluated (hence the recommendation above to put the membership 
> checks inside a lambda).
>  
>
>> 4) Or maybe there is there is a better way to prevent manual fiddling 
>> with the URL/ARG ?
>>
>
> Digitally signing the URLs is a good method for this. The signature is 
> actually a hash of the URL itself (minus the signature, of course). When 
> the request is made, web2py re-hashes the requested URL and makes sure it 
> matches the signature -- if not, that means the URL was modified, and 
> access is denied.
>
> The other option would be to check for permission on the requested record, 
> but the signature is probably the best approach, as it doesn't require 
> another database query to check permission.
>
> Anthony
>

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