Considering that these modules are formed by both biological and non-biological processes, it's almost impossible to determine what chemistry might occur at their surface. The main metal oxide contained in these is iron. Separating the rest from this is quite a challenge. To save you reading the entire article, here is the part of the Wikipedia article discussing the "dark oxygen".
Abiogenesis theory A recent study hypothesizes that the nodules are a source of "[dark oxygen](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dark_oxygen)", oxygen produced without light, which provides the seafloor in the deep ocean with oxygen.[35](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manganese_nodule#cite_note-35) However, this study contrasts with many other studies conducted over decades in the deep sea that did not detect oxygen production - and in fact showed only oxygen consumption.[36](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manganese_nodule#cite_note-36)[37](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manganese_nodule#cite_note-37)[38](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manganese_nodule#cite_note-38)[39](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manganese_nodule#cite_note-39)[40](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manganese_nodule#cite_note-40)[41](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manganese_nodule#cite_note-41)[42](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manganese_nodule#cite_note-42)[43](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manganese_nodule#cite_note-43)[44](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manganese_nodule#cite_note-44)[45](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manganese_nodule#cite_note-45) If the nodules can produce both [electrical energy](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electrical_energy) and [oxygen](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oxygen), they may challenge the conventional theory of [abiogenesis](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abiogenesis)[46](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manganese_nodule#cite_note-46)[47](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manganese_nodule#cite_note-47) because, previously only living things such as plants and algae were known to be capable of producing oxygen via [photosynthesis](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photosynthesis) which On Tuesday, December 31st, 2024 at 2:59 PM, H L V <hveeder...@gmail.com> wrote: > "Scientists have just discovered a "Dark" Oxygen source at the bottom of the > ocean, opening questions > about deep sea mining and the origin of life on Earth!" > https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iixZ6UptVNo > > Harry
