A rewrite of the foregoing posts to revise and extend. Another way to produce high pressure gas bubbles
49 minutes ago <https://www.lenr-forum.com/forum/index.php/Thread/4547-Trick-or-Treat-Give-The-E-Cat-Some-Intergranular-Hydrogen-Filled-Bubbles-To-Eat-/?postID=40941#post40941> A cavitation based bubble compression process using a mix of Lithium 7 fluoride and Lithium 7 hydride salt using ultrasound might also work. A reaction using a nickel impeller should also be attempted. Also see Method of generating energy by acoustically induced cavitation fusion and reactor therefor US 4333796 A ABSTRACT Two different cavitation fusion reactors (CFR's) are disclosed. Each comprises a chamber containing a liquid (host) metal such as lithium or an alloy thereof. Acoustical horns in the chamber walls operate to vary the ambient pressure in the liquid metal, creating therein small bubbles which are caused to grow to maximum sizes and then collapse violently in two steps. In the first stage the bubble contents remain at the temperature of the host liquid, but in the second stage the increasing speed of collapse causes an adiabatic compression of the bubble contents, and of the thin shell of liquid surrounding the bubble. Application of a positive pressure on the bubble accelerates this adiabatic stage, and causes the bubble to contract to smaller radius, thus increasing maximum temperatures and pressures reached within the bubble. At or near its minimum radius the bubble generates a very intense shock wave, creating high pressures and temperatures in the host liquid. These extremely high pressures and temperatures occur both within the bubbles and in the host liquid, and cause hydrogen isotopes in the bubbles and liquid to undergo thermonuclear reactions. In one type of CFR the thermonuclear reaction is generated by cavitation within the liquid metal itself, and in the other type the reaction takes place primarily within the bubbles. The fusion reactions generate energy that is absorbed as heat by the liquid metal, and this heat is removed from the liquid by conduction through the acoustical horns to an external heat exchanger, without any pumping of the liquid metal google.com/patents/US4333796 <https://www.google.com/patents/US4333796> Another way to create a cavitation bubble is to use an electric arc, preferably a very low voltage high amperage arc as used by Mills. Mills has shown that the use of a low voltage high amperage arc eliminates x-ray production such as produced in the defkalion system. Such reactions are produced in current systems see newinflow.ru/pdf/Klimov_Poster.pdf <http://www.newinflow.ru/pdf/Klimov_Poster.pdf> HIGH-ENERGETIC METAL NANO-CLUSTER PLASMOID AND ITS SOFT X-RADIATION Klimov A., Grigorenko A., Efimov A., Sidorenko M.,Soloviev A., Tolkunov B., Evstigneev N., Ryabkov O. Limited Liability Company ”New Inflow” Also see enu.kz/repository/2011/AIAA-2011-1333.pdf Plasma-Assisted Reaction of Heterogeneous Al-H2O Mixture in High-Speed Swirl Flow Klimov A., Bityurin V., Grigorenko A., Efimov A.V., Kutuzov D.S., Tolkunov B.N., Tsymbal A.A., Polyakov L.B. Joint Institute of High Temperature RAS Izhorskaya 13/19, Moscow, 127415, Russia Notice that the Plasma-Assisted Reaction uses a voltage of between 200 and 800 and therefore produces a huge amount of x-rays, something that Mills in using a low voltage arc does not generate. A laser can also be used because the fluoride salt is clear and colorless. A suspension of nickel nanoparticles in the fluoride salt can be irradiated by a laser. Such a method does produce LENR reactions when done in water. A similar reaction is a fluoride salt might be more gainful. On Fri, Nov 4, 2016 at 1:48 AM, Axil Axil <[email protected]> wrote: > More... > > Another way to create a cavitation bubble is to use an electric arc, > preferably a very low voltage high amperage arc as used by Mills. Such > reactions are produced in current systems. Mills has shown that the use of > a low voltage arc eliminates x-ray production such as produced in the > defkalion system. > > see > > newinflow.ru/pdf/Klimov_Poster.pdf > <http://www.newinflow.ru/pdf/Klimov_Poster.pdf> > > HIGH-ENERGETIC METAL NANO-CLUSTER PLASMOID AND ITS SOFT X-RADIATION > > Klimov A., Grigorenko A., Efimov A., Sidorenko M.,Soloviev A., Tolkunov > B., Evstigneev N., Ryabkov O. Limited Liability Company ”New Inflow” > > A laser can also be used because the fluoride salt is clear and colorless. > A suspension of nickel nanoparticles in the fluoride salt can be irradiated > by a laser. Such a method does produce LENR reactions when done in water. A > similar reaction is a fluoride salt might be more gainful. > > On Fri, Nov 4, 2016 at 1:19 AM, Axil Axil <[email protected]> wrote: > >> A cavitation based bubble compression process using a mix of Lithium 7 >> fluoride and lithium 7 hydride salt using ultrasound might also work. >> >> Also see >> >> Method of generating energy by acoustically induced cavitation fusion and >> reactor therefor >> US 4333796 A >> ABSTRACT >> Two different cavitation fusion reactors (CFR's) are disclosed. Each >> comprises a chamber containing a liquid (host) metal such as lithium or an >> alloy thereof. Acoustical horns in the chamber walls operate to vary the >> ambient pressure in the liquid metal, creating therein small bubbles which >> are caused to grow to maximum sizes and then collapse violently in two >> steps. In the first stage the bubble contents remain at the temperature of >> the host liquid, but in the second stage the increasing speed of collapse >> causes an adiabatic compression of the bubble contents, and of the thin >> shell of liquid surrounding the bubble. Application of a positive pressure >> on the bubble accelerates this adiabatic stage, and causes the bubble to >> contract to smaller radius, thus increasing maximum temperatures and >> pressures reached within the bubble. At or near its minimum radius the >> bubble generates a very intense shock wave, creating high pressures and >> temperatures in the host liquid. These extremely high pressures and >> temperatures occur both within the bubbles and in the host liquid, and >> cause hydrogen isotopes in the bubbles and liquid to undergo thermonuclear >> reactions. In one type of CFR the thermonuclear reaction is generated by >> cavitation within the liquid metal itself, and in the other type the >> reaction takes place primarily within the bubbles. The fusion reactions >> generate energy that is absorbed as heat by the liquid metal, and this heat >> is removed from the liquid by conduction through the acoustical horns to an >> external heat exchanger, without any pumping of the liquid metal >> https://www.google.com/patents/US4333796 >> >> On Thu, Nov 3, 2016 at 11:54 PM, Jones Beene <[email protected]> wrote: >> >>> The recent revelation from Mills/ BrLP … that after 25 years and $100 >>> million spent, the most effective catalyst found thus far is silver… >>> and he uses it in the form of vapor by passing an electric arc… this >>> scenario raises the question of an alternative method which could be >>> implemented at lower operating parameters. >>> >>> The boiling point of silver is almost 4000F (2190 C) which is out of >>> the question for most experimenters. An alternative to thermal vaporization >>> would be a mist or fog – possibly created from the liquid state by >>> ultrasonics – similar to the foggers are used with water. In the case >>> of silver, the melting point is high as a pure metal; however, silver >>> is notorious for forming eutectics with markedly lower m.p. >>> >>> The most interesting eutectic found so far for LENR would be >>> lithium-silver; since lithium may catalytic in a different way as well >>> as active for a fusion reaction. Thus a lithium-silver eutectic which >>> melts at less than 300 C could be irradiated with ultrasound to produce >>> a catalytic fog or mist in a near vacuum chamber which is much easier >>> to pull off on a small scale than the massive arc required to vaporize >>> silver. Ionization would be initiated using a radioactive isotope and be >>> come self-sustained at a higher level by EUV emission. >>> >> >> >
