The idea that a person is qualified because their parent paid for their Phd is 
preposterous. The title 'doctor' or 'doctore' used to only be conveyed upon a 
person by their peers after decades of work in the field. Then universities saw 
the opportunity to go whoring and sell titles to the children of parents with 
money. Later the student loan industry turned this into an even more 
disgraceful system in the money grubbing USA. To see some trying to suggest 
that a 'degree' given by a whoring institution is worth more than the trust of 
peers is the sort of idiocy one expects these days, not unusual in this time of 
the likes of the US republican party and its dedication to the stupid and 
avaricious. 

Turning a discussion on Rossi's work into a perverse discussion about Penon's 
degree is such text book troll behavior as to take Vortex into utter absurdity. 
Those casting aspersions on Penon should post their own credentials, if they do 
not and are critical of Penon then they define themselves as the worst of 
trolls. It's too bad Vortex doesn't have a feature like Facebook where one 
simply block those who prove themselves to be trolls or worse.

-----Original Message-----
From: a.ashfield [mailto:[email protected]] 
Sent: Sunday, April 10, 2016 1:43 PM
To: [email protected]
Subject: Re: [Vo]:Fabio Penon

Thanks to those that have replied with useful links.

"It was almost a thousand years ago, when the University of Bologna, or Alma 
Mater Studiorum (Nourishing Mother of Studies), the oldest university 
functioning constantly started teaching various disciplines at graduate level. "
"Cost effective study options and minimal tuition fees are Europe’s mere 
advantage and deserve commendation, therefore this advantage should not be 
lost. "

That said, the American UNiversities have a lot more money.  I my opinion they 
are now not good value for money.  College cost increased more than 500% while 
the consumer price index increased 121%  The actual cost of instruction only 
went up less than 10% Sending more money there didn’t work.  Student loans now 
total $1.2 trillion.  Only 60% graduate within six years, the remainder has to 
pay off the debt without a degree.  A CareerBuilder Survey finds 51% of 
employed 2014 college grads are in Jobs that don’t require a degree.  Just 27 
percent of college grads had a job that was closely related to their major.  It 
seems universities are more interested in acquiring student fees than preparing 
them for the world. Harvard professor Clayton Christensen predicted that in 15 
years half these institutions would be in bankruptcy.

It is still not clear to me what degree Penon has.  It doesn't look like it is  
PhD but as others have pointed out, the master's degree carries the title of 
Dr. there.  Certainly Beene belittles Penon by calling him a glorified 
mechanic.  As a licensed engineer he should be qualified to do the assessment.  
Probably better than a lot of scientists who have had no practical training or 
experience.


"The Bologna University system

University studies are divided into three cycles:

First cycle and Single cycle degree programmes: First Cycle Degrees, Single 
Cycle Degrees.

Second cycle degree programmes: Second Cycle degree programme.

Third cycle degree programmes: Doctoral studies (PhD) and Specialisation 
Schools.

The University also runs vocational programmes including First and Second level 
Professional Master's Programmes, Post-Graduate programmes, Lifelong Learning 
Courses and Intensive Courses.

The qualifications awarded are: first cycle degree (laurea - L) and second 
cycle degree (laurea magistrale - LM). To obtain a first cycle degree, students 
must acquire 180 educational credits (CFU) in a maximum of 20 exams; to obtain 
a second cycle degree they must acquire 120 CFU, in a maximum of 12 exams."


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