Hello all,

I've been trying to better understand the inner workings of the US phone 
network for some time now, and I think that I have come pretty far in that 
goal, but there is still one topic which I have been unable to figure out: how 
do the major IXCs exchange calls with each other for destination numbers using 
off-net FGD tandems. I understand that, for example, MCI can pick up a call 
directly from a customer, or from a PICed line at a ILEC FGD tandem, and then 
cart that call to the FGD tandem for the target LATA (or to a private 
interconnect with the destination carrier), moving through several switches 
along the way. What I'm trying to understand is how calls reach alternate FGD 
tandems (e.x. widevoice, teliax, intelliquent) when the call is being carried 
by a different IXC (e.x. AT&T). Right now, I could order a CLLI code, and 
assuming that I could get SS7 connections, put up a switch that would reachable 
by any other switch, but I would have no actual circuits on which I could 
accept c
 alls. Must these alternate FGD tandem providers acquire trunking from every 
outbound provider for their service to be usable? Is there some kind of inter 
IXC transit service?

I would appreciate any insight that you could provide.
Thank you,
Enzo Damato
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