> From: Stefan Baramov [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] 
> Subject: Re: Tomcat process on windows
> 
> Reloading an app leads to creating a new class loader to load 
> all of the application classes. The old class loader is still
> there it is just not used.

The old class loader will be discarded if the app is implemented
properly.  Read the FAQ:
http://tomcat.apache.org/faq/memory.html
and especially this article:
http://opensource.atlassian.com/confluence/spring/pages/viewpage.action?
pageId=2669

> Now, as far as I know (I can be mistaken), the garbage
> collection of PermGen is turned off by default.

You are mistaken.  It's never been off by default in any release of a
Sun JVM since at least 1.2.

> Even more, no garbage collection of PermGen is implemented in
> JDK 4 and lower.

That is totally incorrect.  (BTW, there was no PermGen until JRE 1.4 was
released, other than a prototype 1.3 HotSpot that was not generally
available.)

In a HotSpot-based JVM (Sun 1.4 and above), PermGen is only collected
during a full GC, which is avoided as much as possible.  However, a full
GC is always done before returning an OOME for a potentially satisfiable
allocation request.

> -XX:PermSize=64m
> -XX:MaxPermSize=160m

Better to make PermSize and MaxPermSize the same, and 160m is probably
too small for any serious work.  There are lots of temporary classes and
interned String objects created by most app servers, and an
insufficiently sized PermGen will result in more frequent full GCs and
associated application pauses.

> -XX:+CMSClassUnloadingEnabled
> -XX:+CMSPermGenSweepingEnabled

The above only apply when Concurrent Mark-Sweep garbage collection is
enabled, which it is not by default.

This is a good introduction to HotSpot GC:
http://java.sun.com/docs/hotspot/gc5.0/gc_tuning_5.html

 - Chuck


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