Samuel, thanks for response. I would also be very interested in how the 
problem could have occurred. More in context:

On Sun, 12 Oct 2025 15:22:23 -0700
Samuel Sieb <[email protected]> wrote:

> On 10/12/25 3:00 PM, Franta Hanzlík via users wrote:
> > Today I did a dnf system-upgrade of the server from Fedora 40 x86_64
> > to Fedora 42. The upgrade went seemingly well, the system booted and
> > seems to be working, the kernel and other packages are probably from
> > Fedora 42.  
> 
> What does the grub menu show?
Looks good: kernel 6.16.10-200.fc42.x86_64 at first position, rest are 
F40 kernels. F42 kernel boots perfectly.

> What is in /proc/version?
# cat /proc/version 
Linux version 6.16.10-200.fc42.x86_64 
(mockbuild@972f0dab0ea04e12a2a8e0d18dd0050d) (gcc (GCC) 15.2.1 20250808 (Red 
Hat 15.2.1-1), GNU ld version 2.44-6.fc42) #1 SMP PREEMPT_DYNAMIC Thu Oct  2 
19:23:55 UTC 2025

> What is in /etc/fedora-release?
# cat /etc/fedora-release 
Fedora release 42 (Adams)

# cat /etc/os-release 
NAME="Fedora Linux"
VERSION="42 (Server Edition)"
RELEASE_TYPE=stable
ID=fedora
VERSION_ID=42
VERSION_CODENAME=""
PLATFORM_ID="platform:f42"
PRETTY_NAME="Fedora Linux 42 (Server Edition)"
ANSI_COLOR="0;38;2;60;110;180"
LOGO=fedora-logo-icon
CPE_NAME="cpe:/o:fedoraproject:fedora:42"
HOME_URL="https://fedoraproject.org/";
DOCUMENTATION_URL="https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/fedora/f42/";
SUPPORT_URL="https://ask.fedoraproject.org/";
BUG_REPORT_URL="https://bugzilla.redhat.com/";
REDHAT_BUGZILLA_PRODUCT="Fedora"
REDHAT_BUGZILLA_PRODUCT_VERSION=42
REDHAT_SUPPORT_PRODUCT="Fedora"
REDHAT_SUPPORT_PRODUCT_VERSION=42
SUPPORT_END=2026-05-13
VARIANT="Server Edition"
VARIANT_ID=server

This machine also serve as personal computer and boot to level 5/
graphical.target, to MATE desktop - and there is F42 background, 
all works.

'dnf system-upgrade download --releasever=42' ended successfully,
'dnf system-upgrade reboot' performed an upgrade.
/var/log/dnf.rpm.log[.1] shows tons lines as:
...
dnf.rpm.log.1:2025-10-12T10:44:09+0200 SUBDEBUG Upgrade: 
qemu-ui-opengl-2:9.2.4-2.fc42.x86_64
dnf.rpm.log.1:2025-10-12T10:44:09+0200 SUBDEBUG Upgrade: 
php-process-8.4.13-1.fc42.x86_64
dnf.rpm.log.1:2025-10-12T10:44:09+0200 SUBDEBUG Upgrade: 
php-xml-8.4.13-1.fc42.x86_64
dnf.rpm.log.1:2025-10-12T10:44:09+0200 SUBDEBUG Installed: 
kernel-modules-core-6.16.10-200.fc42.x86_64
dnf.rpm.log.1:2025-10-12T10:44:12+0200 SUBDEBUG Installed: 
kernel-core-6.16.10-200.fc42.x86_64
dnf.rpm.log.1:2025-10-12T10:44:15+0200 SUBDEBUG Upgrade: ppp-2.5.1-5.fc42.x86_64
dnf.rpm.log.1:2025-10-12T10:44:15+0200 SUBDEBUG Upgrade: 
hiredis-1.2.0-6.fc42.x86_64
...

Another thing, I don't know if it might be of any significance: on 
another machine of mine, where a dnf upgrade was done a few months ago, 
/var/lib/rpm is a symlink to ../../usr/lib/sysimage/rpm.
On this problematic one, /var/lib/rpm is a normal directory and contains:

# ls -lia /var/lib/rpm
total 609520
262152 drwxr-xr-x.   2 root root      4096 Nov 28  2023 .
262146 drwxr-xr-x. 117 root root      4096 Oct 12 23:21 ..
263688 -rw-r--r--.   1 root root         0 Jun 15  2024 .migratedb
262153 -rw-r--r--.   1 root root 624103424 Jul 25  2024 rpmdb.sqlite
262155 -rw-r--r--.   1 root root     32768 Oct 12 12:50 rpmdb.sqlite-shm
262154 -rw-r--r--.   1 root root         0 Jul 25  2024 rpmdb.sqlite-wal
264701 -rw-r--r--.   1 root root         0 Nov 28  2023 .rpm.lock

Normal directory /usr/lib/sysimage/rpm/ exist too and contains:

# ls -lia /usr/lib/sysimage/rpm/
total 306124
2621474 drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root      4096 Oct 12 12:50 .
2621660 drwxr-xr-x. 5 root root      4096 Oct 12 23:10 ..
2621641 -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 313425920 Oct 12 12:50 rpmdb.sqlite
2622120 -rw-r--r--. 1 root root     32768 Oct 12 23:22 rpmdb.sqlite-shm
2621650 -rw-r--r--. 1 root root         0 Oct 12 12:50 rpmdb.sqlite-wal

but it seems no difference between with rpm queries with '--dbpath 
/usr/lib/sysimage/rpm'
and '--dbpath /var/lib/rpm'

> > But what's crazy and I can't explain it - the RPM database shows
> > the original packages from Fedora 40 - there are none from Fedora 42.
> > I couldn't find another and up-to-date RPM database anywhere on the
> > disk.
> > 
> > Can anyone advise the easiest way to reconstruct the RPM database?  
> 
> The RPM database is the only source.  There's nothing to reconstruct it 
> from.

Yes, I know, but you can do everything in Linux, right? ;)
At least there are dnf/rpm upgrade logs that show which packages should 
be installed. What about taking the RPM DB from another machine and 
tweaking it accordingly?
I don't want to reinstall the server, plus it's 50 km away, no KVM/iLO/
iDRAC. And everything seems to work...
-- 
Franta Hanzlik
-- 
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