Well, what happens when you "create a connection" but don't start it, it will open the transport and start wire format negotiation... when you do connection.start().. or when you try to open a session, it will ensure that the connection is properly constructed, which is the expensive part. So sessions by themselves are cheap enough as long as the connection is up. I typically: create connection create session create producer/consumer set producer/consumer options start connection, which is the last thing before returning from the run() method I find that if I start the connection right after Step 1, then I occasionally see errors complaining that a message was received before a consumer was created. Starting my connection last seems to resolve that problem. Are you saying that it is more expensive to do this in my order (above) than it would be if I started my connection right after Step 1?? Mark
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