Hi,
Generating ideal tokens for single-token datacenters is well understood
and documented, but there is much less information available on
generating tokens with even ownership distribution when using vnodes.
The best description I could find on token generation for vnodes is
https://thelastpickle.com/blog/2019/02/21/set-up-a-cluster-with-even-token-distribution.html
While allocate_tokens_for_keyspace results in much more even ownership
distribution than random allocation, and does a great job at balancing
ownership when adding new nodes, using it for creating a new datacenter
results in less than ideal ownership distribution.
After some experimentation, I found that it is possible to generate all
the tokens for a new datacenter with an extended version of the Python
script presented in the above blog post. Using these tokens seem to
result in perfectly even ownership distribution with various
token/node/rack configurations for all possible replication factors.
Murmur3Partitioner:
>>> datacenter_offset = 0
>>> num_tokens = 4
>>> num_racks = 3
>>> num_nodes = 3
>>> print "\n".join(['[Rack #{}, Node #{}] initial_token: {}'.format(r
+ 1, n + 1, ','.join([str(((2**64 / (num_tokens * num_nodes *
num_racks)) * (t * num_nodes * num_racks + n * num_racks + r)) - 2**63 +
datacenter_offset) for t in range(num_tokens)])) for r in
range(num_racks) for n in range(num_nodes)])
[Rack #1, Node #1] initial_token:
-9223372036854775808,-4611686018427387908,-8,4611686018427387892
[Rack #1, Node #2] initial_token:
-7686143364045646508,-3074457345618258608,1537228672809129292,6148914691236517192
[Rack #1, Node #3] initial_token:
-6148914691236517208,-1537228672809129308,3074457345618258592,7686143364045646492
[Rack #2, Node #1] initial_token:
-8710962479251732708,-4099276460824344808,512409557603043092,5124095576030430992
[Rack #2, Node #2] initial_token:
-7173733806442603408,-2562047788015215508,2049638230412172392,6661324248839560292
[Rack #2, Node #3] initial_token:
-5636505133633474108,-1024819115206086208,3586866903221301692,8198552921648689592
[Rack #3, Node #1] initial_token:
-8198552921648689608,-3586866903221301708,1024819115206086192,5636505133633474092
[Rack #3, Node #2] initial_token:
-6661324248839560308,-2049638230412172408,2562047788015215492,7173733806442603392
[Rack #3, Node #3] initial_token:
-5124095576030431008,-512409557603043108,4099276460824344792,8710962479251732692
RandomPartitioner:
>>> datacenter_offset = 0
>>> num_tokens = 4
>>> num_racks = 3
>>> num_nodes = 3
>>> print "\n".join(['[Rack #{}, Node #{}] initial_token: {}'.format(r
+ 1, n + 1, ','.join([str(((2**127 / (num_tokens * num_nodes *
num_racks)) * (t * num_nodes * num_racks + n * num_racks + r)) +
datacenter_offset) for t in range(num_tokens)])) for r in
range(num_racks) for n in range(num_nodes)])
[Rack #1, Node #1] initial_token:
0,42535295865117307932921825928971026427,85070591730234615865843651857942052854,127605887595351923798765477786913079281
[Rack #1, Node #2] initial_token:
14178431955039102644307275309657008809,56713727820156410577229101238628035236,99249023685273718510150927167599061663,141784319550391026443072753096570088090
[Rack #1, Node #3] initial_token:
28356863910078205288614550619314017618,70892159775195513221536376548285044045,113427455640312821154458202477256070472,155962751505430129087380028406227096899
[Rack #2, Node #1] initial_token:
4726143985013034214769091769885669603,47261439850130342147690917698856696030,89796735715247650080612743627827722457,132332031580364958013534569556798748884
[Rack #2, Node #2] initial_token:
18904575940052136859076367079542678412,61439871805169444791998193008513704839,103975167670286752724920018937484731266,146510463535404060657841844866455757693
[Rack #2, Node #3] initial_token:
33083007895091239503383642389199687221,75618303760208547436305468318170713648,118153599625325855369227294247141740075,160688895490443163302149120176112766502
[Rack #3, Node #1] initial_token:
9452287970026068429538183539771339206,51987583835143376362460009468742365633,94522879700260684295381835397713392060,137058175565377992228303661326684418487
[Rack #3, Node #2] initial_token:
23630719925065171073845458849428348015,66166015790182479006767284778399374442,108701311655299786939689110707370400869,151236607520417094872610936636341427296
[Rack #3, Node #3] initial_token:
37809151880104273718152734159085356824,80344447745221581651074560088056383251,122879743610338889583996386017027409678,165415039475456197516918211945998436105
Could you please comment on whether this is a good approach for
allocating tokens when using vnodes.
Thank you.
Regards,
Kornel
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