Hi Rob, The reason I didn't dump the table with sstable2json is that I didn't think of it ;) I just used it, and it looks very much like the "avalanche of tombstones" bug you are describing!
I took one of the three sstables containing the key, and it resulted in a 4.75 million-line json file, of which 4.73 million lines contain a tombstone ("t") ! The timestamps of the tombstones I've checked were all many months old, so obviously compaction failed to clean them up. I can also see many, many identical tombstoned rows. Rob, can you remember which bug/jira this was? I have not been able to find it. I'm using 2.1.9. Thanks a lot for pointing me in this direction! Tom