I have formulated the following theory regarding C* 1.2.2 which may be relevant: Whenever there is a disk error during compaction of an SS table (e.g., bad block, out of disk space), that SStable's files stick around forever after, and do not subsequently get deleted by normal compaction (minor or major), long after all its records have been deleted. This causes disk usage to rise dramatically. The only way to make the SStable files disappear is to run "nodetool cleanup" (which takes hours to run).
Just a theory so far.... From: Alexis Rodríguez [mailto:arodrig...@inconcertcc.com] Sent: Thursday, April 11, 2013 5:31 PM To: user@cassandra.apache.org Subject: Re: CorruptedBlockException Aaron, It seems that we are in the same situation as Nury, we are storing a lot of files of ~5MB in a CF. This happens in a test cluster, with one node using cassandra 1.1.5, we have commitlog in a different partition than the data directory. Normally our tests use nearly 13 GB in data, but when the exception on compaction appears our disk space ramp up to: # df -h Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on /dev/sda1 440G 330G 89G 79% / tmpfs 7.9G 0 7.9G 0% /lib/init/rw udev 7.9G 160K 7.9G 1% /dev tmpfs 7.9G 0 7.9G 0% /dev/shm /dev/sdb1 459G 257G 179G 59% /cassandra # cd /cassandra/data/Repository/ # ls Files/*tmp* | wc -l 1671 # du -ch Files | tail -1 257G total # du -ch Files/*tmp* | tail -1 34G total We are using cassandra 1.1.5 with one node, our schema for that keyspace is: [default@unknown] use Repository; Authenticated to keyspace: Repository [default@Repository] show schema; create keyspace Repository with placement_strategy = 'NetworkTopologyStrategy' and strategy_options = {datacenter1 : 1} and durable_writes = true; use Repository; create column family Files with column_type = 'Standard' and comparator = 'UTF8Type' and default_validation_class = 'BytesType' and key_validation_class = 'BytesType' and read_repair_chance = 0.1 and dclocal_read_repair_chance = 0.0 and gc_grace = 864000 and min_compaction_threshold = 4 and max_compaction_threshold = 32 and replicate_on_write = true and compaction_strategy = 'org.apache.cassandra.db.compaction.LeveledCompactionStrategy' and caching = 'KEYS_ONLY' and compaction_strategy_options = {'sstable_size_in_mb' : '120'} and compression_options = {'sstable_compression' : 'org.apache.cassandra.io.compress.SnappyCompressor'}; In our logs: ERROR [CompactionExecutor:1831] 2013-04-11 09:12:41,725 AbstractCassandraDaemon.java (line 135) Exception in thread Thread[CompactionExecutor:1831,1,main] java.io.IOError: org.apache.cassandra.io.compress.CorruptedBlockException: (/cassandra/data/Repository/Files/Repository-Files-he-4533-Data.db): corruption detected, chunk at 43325354 of length 65545. at org.apache.cassandra.db.compaction.PrecompactedRow.merge(PrecompactedRow.java:116) at org.apache.cassandra.db.compaction.PrecompactedRow.<init>(PrecompactedRow.java:99) at org.apache.cassandra.db.compaction.CompactionController.getCompactedRow(CompactionController.java:176) at org.apache.cassandra.db.compaction.CompactionIterable$Reducer.getReduced(CompactionIterable.java:83) at org.apache.cassandra.db.compaction.CompactionIterable$Reducer.getReduced(CompactionIterable.java:68) at org.apache.cassandra.utils.MergeIterator$ManyToOne.consume(MergeIterator.java:118) at org.apache.cassandra.utils.MergeIterator$ManyToOne.computeNext(MergeIterator.java:101) at com.google.common.collect.AbstractIterator.tryToComputeNext(AbstractIterator.java:140) at com.google.common.collect.AbstractIterator.hasNext(AbstractIterator.java:135) at com.google.common.collect.Iterators$7.computeNext(Iterators.java:614) at com.google.common.collect.AbstractIterator.tryToComputeNext(AbstractIterator.java:140) at com.google.common.collect.AbstractIterator.hasNext(AbstractIterator.java:135) at org.apache.cassandra.db.compaction.CompactionTask.execute(CompactionTask.java:173) at org.apache.cassandra.db.compaction.LeveledCompactionTask.execute(LeveledCompactionTask.java:50) at org.apache.cassandra.db.compaction.CompactionManager$1.runMayThrow(CompactionManager.java:154) at org.apache.cassandra.utils.WrappedRunnable.run(WrappedRunnable.java:30) at java.util.concurrent.Executors$RunnableAdapter.call(Executors.java:471) at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask$Sync.innerRun(FutureTask.java:334) at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.run(FutureTask.java:166) at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1110) at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:603) at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:636) On Thu, Jul 5, 2012 at 7:42 PM, aaron morton <aa...@thelastpickle.com<mailto:aa...@thelastpickle.com>> wrote: > But I don't understand, how was all the available space taken away. Take a look on disk at /var/lib/cassandra/data/<your_keyspace> and /var/lib/cassandra/commitlog to see what is taking up a lot of space. Cassandra stores the column names as well as the values, so that can take up some space. > it says that while compaction a CorruptedBlockException has occured. Are you able to reproduce this error ? Thanks ----------------- Aaron Morton Freelance Developer @aaronmorton http://www.thelastpickle.com On 6/07/2012, at 12:04 AM, Nury Redjepow wrote: > Hello to all, > > I have cassandra instance I'm trying to use to store millions of file with > size ~ 3MB. Data structure is simple, 1 row for 1 file, with row key being > the id of file. > I'm loaded 1GB of data, and total available space is 10GB. And after a few > hour, all the available space was taken. In log, it says that while > compaction a CorruptedBlockException has occured. But I don't understand, how > was all the available space taken away. > > Data structure > CREATE KEYSPACE largeobjectsWITH placement_strategy = 'SimpleStrategy' > AND strategy_options={replication_factor:1}; > > create column family content > with column_type = 'Standard' > and comparator = 'UTF8Type' > and default_validation_class = 'BytesType' > and key_validation_class = 'TimeUUIDType' > and read_repair_chance = 0.1 > and dclocal_read_repair_chance = 0.0 > and gc_grace = 864000 > and min_compaction_threshold = 4 > and max_compaction_threshold = 32 > and replicate_on_write = true > and compaction_strategy = 'SizeTieredCompactionStrategy' > and caching = 'keys_only'; > > > Log messages > > INFO [FlushWriter:9] 2012-07-04 19:56:00,783 Memtable.java (line 266) Writing > Memtable-content@240294142(3955135/49439187 serialized/live bytes, 91 ops) > INFO [FlushWriter:9] 2012-07-04 19:56:00,814 Memtable.java (line 307) > Completed flushing > /var/lib/cassandra/data/largeobjects/content/largeobjects-content-h > d-1608-Data.db (1991862 bytes) for commitlog position > ReplayPosition(segmentId=24245436475633, position=78253718) > INFO [OptionalTasks:1] 2012-07-04 19:56:02,784 MeteredFlusher.java (line 62) > flushing high-traffic column family CFS(Keyspace='largeobjects', > ColumnFamily=' > content') (estimated 46971537 bytes) > INFO [OptionalTasks:1] 2012-07-04 19:56:02,784 ColumnFamilyStore.java (line > 633) Enqueuing flush of Memtable-content@1755783901(3757723/46971537 > serialized/ > live bytes, 121 ops) > INFO [FlushWriter:9] 2012-07-04 19:56:02,785 Memtable.java (line 266) Writing > Memtable-content@1755783901(3757723/46971537 serialized/live bytes, 121 ops) > INFO [FlushWriter:9] 2012-07-04 19:56:02,835 Memtable.java (line 307) > Completed flushing > /var/lib/cassandra/data/largeobjects/content/largeobjects-content-h > d-1609-Data.db (1894897 bytes) for commitlog position > ReplayPosition(segmentId=24245436475633, position=82028986) > INFO [OptionalTasks:1] 2012-07-04 19:56:04,785 MeteredFlusher.java (line 62) > flushing high-traffic column family CFS(Keyspace='largeobjects', > ColumnFamily=' > content') (estimated 56971025 bytes) > INFO [OptionalTasks:1] 2012-07-04 19:56:04,785 ColumnFamilyStore.java (line > 633) Enqueuing flush of Memtable-content@1441175031(4557682/56971025 > serialized/ > live bytes, 124 ops) > INFO [FlushWriter:9] 2012-07-04 19:56:04,786 Memtable.java (line 266) Writing > Memtable-content@1441175031(4557682/56971025 serialized/live bytes, 124 ops) > INFO [FlushWriter:9] 2012-07-04 19:56:04,814 Memtable.java (line 307) > Completed flushing > /var/lib/cassandra/data/largeobjects/content/largeobjects-content-h > d-1610-Data.db (2287280 bytes) for commitlog position > ReplayPosition(segmentId=24245436475633, position=86604648) > INFO [CompactionExecutor:39] 2012-07-04 19:56:04,815 CompactionTask.java > (line 109) Compacting > [SSTableReader(path='/var/lib/cassandra/data/largeobjects/con > tent/largeobjects-content-hd-1610-Data.db'), > SSTableReader(path='/var/lib/cassandra/data/largeobjects/content/largeobjects-content-hd-1608-Data.db'), > SSTable > Reader(path='/var/lib/cassandra/data/largeobjects/content/largeobjects-content-hd-1609-Data.db'), > SSTableReader(path='/var/lib/cassandra/data/largeobjects/co > ntent/largeobjects-content-hd-1607-Data.db')] > INFO [OptionalTasks:1] 2012-07-04 19:56:05,786 MeteredFlusher.java (line 62) > flushing high-traffic column family CFS(Keyspace='largeobjects', > ColumnFamily=' > content') (estimated 28300225 bytes) > INFO [OptionalTasks:1] 2012-07-04 19:56:05,786 ColumnFamilyStore.java (line > 633) Enqueuing flush of Memtable-content@1828084851(2264018/28300225 > serialized/ > live bytes, 38 ops) > INFO [FlushWriter:9] 2012-07-04 19:56:05,787 Memtable.java (line 266) Writing > Memtable-content@1828084851(2264018/28300225 serialized/live bytes, 38 ops) > INFO [FlushWriter:9] 2012-07-04 19:56:05,823 Memtable.java (line 307) > Completed flushing > /var/lib/cassandra/data/largeobjects/content/largeobjects-content-h > d-1612-Data.db (1134604 bytes) for commitlog position > ReplayPosition(segmentId=24245436475633, position=88874176) > ERROR [CompactionExecutor:39] 2012-07-04 19:56:06,667 > AbstractCassandraDaemon.java (line 134) Exception in thread > Thread[CompactionExecutor:39,1,main] > java.io.IOError: org.apache.cassandra.io.compress.CorruptedBlockException: > (/var/lib/cassandra/data/largeobjects/content/largeobjects-content-hd-1610-Data.db > ): corruption detected, chunk at 1573104 of length 65545. > at > org.apache.cassandra.db.compaction.PrecompactedRow.merge(PrecompactedRow.java:116) > at > org.apache.cassandra.db.compaction.PrecompactedRow.<init>(PrecompactedRow.java:99) > at > org.apache.cassandra.db.compaction.CompactionController.getCompactedRow(CompactionController.java:164) > at > org.apache.cassandra.db.compaction.CompactionIterable$Reducer.getReduced(CompactionIterable.java:83) > at > org.apache.cassandra.db.compaction.CompactionIterable$Reducer.getReduced(CompactionIterable.java:68) > at > org.apache.cassandra.utils.MergeIterator$ManyToOne.consume(MergeIterator.java:118) > at > org.apache.cassandra.utils.MergeIterator$ManyToOne.computeNext(MergeIterator.java:101) > at > com.google.common.collect.AbstractIterator.tryToComputeNext(AbstractIterator.java:140) > at > com.google.common.collect.AbstractIterator.hasNext(AbstractIterator.java:135) > at com.google.common.collect.Iterators$7.computeNext(Iterators.java:614) > at > com.google.common.collect.AbstractIterator.tryToComputeNext(AbstractIterator.java:140) > at > com.google.common.collect.AbstractIterator.hasNext(AbstractIterator.java:135) > at > org.apache.cassandra.db.compaction.CompactionTask.execute(CompactionTask.java:173) > at > org.apache.cassandra.db.compaction.CompactionManager$1.runMayThrow(CompactionManager.java:150) > at org.apache.cassandra.utils.WrappedRunnable.run(WrappedRunnable.java:30) > at java.util.concurrent.Executors$RunnableAdapter.call(Executors.java:471) > at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask$Sync.innerRun(FutureTask.java:334) > at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.run(FutureTask.java:166) > at > java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1110) > at > java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:603) > at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:679) > Caused by: org.apache.cassandra.io.compress.CorruptedBlockException: > (/var/lib/cassandra/data/largeobjects/content/largeobjects-content-hd-1610-Data.db): > cor > ruption detected, chunk at 1573104 of length 65545. > at > org.apache.cassandra.io.compress.CompressedRandomAccessReader.decompressChunk(CompressedRandomAccessReader.java:98) > at > org.apache.cassandra.io.compress.CompressedRandomAccessReader.reBuffer(CompressedRandomAccessReader.java:77) > at > org.apache.cassandra.io.util.RandomAccessReader.read(RandomAccessReader.java:302) > at java.io.RandomAccessFile.readFully(RandomAccessFile.java:414) > at java.io.RandomAccessFile.readFully(RandomAccessFile.java:394) > at > org.apache.cassandra.utils.BytesReadTracker.readFully(BytesReadTracker.java:95) > at org.apache.cassandra.utils.ByteBufferUtil.read(ByteBufferUtil.java:401) > at > org.apache.cassandra.utils.ByteBufferUtil.readWithLength(ByteBufferUtil.java:363) > at > org.apache.cassandra.db.ColumnSerializer.deserialize(ColumnSerializer.java:119) > at > org.apache.cassandra.db.ColumnSerializer.deserialize(ColumnSerializer.java:36) > at > org.apache.cassandra.db.ColumnFamilySerializer.deserializeColumns(ColumnFamilySerializer.java:144) > at > org.apache.cassandra.io.sstable.SSTableIdentityIterator.getColumnFamilyWithColumns(SSTableIdentityIterator.java:234) > at > org.apache.cassandra.db.compaction.PrecompactedRow.merge(PrecompactedRow.java:112) > ... 20 more > INFO [OptionalTasks:1] 2012-07-04 19:57:00,796 MeteredFlusher.java (line 62) > flushing high-traffic column family CFS(Keyspace='largeobjects', > ColumnFamily=' > content') (estimated 38711275 bytes) > INFO [OptionalTasks:1] 2012-07-04 19:57:00,796 ColumnFamilyStore.java (line > 633) Enqueuing flush of Memtable-content@1363920595(3096902/38711275 > serialized/ > live bytes, 74 ops) > INFO [FlushWriter:9] 2012-07-04 19:57:00,796 Memtable.java (line 266) Writing > Memtable-content@1363920595(3096902/38711275 serialized/live bytes, 74 ops) > INFO [FlushWriter:9] 2012-07-04 19:57:00,821 Memtable.java (line 307) > Completed flushing > /var/lib/cassandra/data/largeobjects/content/largeobjects-content-h > d-1613-Data.db (1553451 bytes) for commitlog position > ReplayPosition(segmentId=24245436475633, position=91981808) > INFO [CompactionExecutor:40] 2012-07-04 19:57:00,822 CompactionTask.java > (line 109) Compacting > [SSTableReader(path='/var/lib/cassandra/data/largeobjects/con > tent/largeobjects-content-hd-1610-Data.db'), > SSTableReader(path='/var/lib/cassandra/data/largeobjects/content/largeobjects-content-hd-1613-Data.db'), > SSTable > Reader(path='/var/lib/cassandra/data/largeobjects/content/largeobjects-content-hd-1608-Data.db'), > SSTableReader(path='/var/lib/cassandra/data/largeobjects/co > ntent/largeobjects-content-hd-1609-Data.db'), > SSTableReader(path='/var/lib/cassandra/data/largeobjects/content/largeobjects-content-hd-1607-Data.db'), > SSTabl > eReader(path='/var/lib/cassandra/data/largeobjects/content/largeobjects-content-hd-1612-Data.db')] > INFO [OptionalTasks:1] 2012-07-04 19:57:01,797 MeteredFlusher.java (line 62) > flushing high-traffic column family CFS(Keyspace='largeobjects', > ColumnFamily=' > content') (estimated 27750950 bytes) > INFO [OptionalTasks:1] 2012-07-04 19:57:01,797 ColumnFamilyStore.java (line > 633) Enqueuing flush of Memtable-content@289600485(2220076/27750950 > serialized/l > ive bytes, 70 ops) > INFO [FlushWriter:9] 2012-07-04 19:57:01,797 Memtable.java (line 266) Writing > Memtable-content@289600485(2220076/27750950 serialized/live bytes, 70 ops) > INFO [FlushWriter:9] 2012-07-04 19:57:01,819 Memtable.java (line 307) > Completed flushing > /var/lib/cassandra/data/largeobjects/content/largeobjects-content-h > d-1615-Data.db (1114538 bytes) for commitlog position > ReplayPosition(segmentId=24245436475633, position=94212034) > ERROR [ReadStage:263] 2012-07-04 19:57:02,599 AbstractCassandraDaemon.java > (line 134) Exception in thread Thread[ReadStage:263,5,main] > java.lang.RuntimeException: java.lang.RuntimeException: error reading 1 of 1 > at > org.apache.cassandra.service.StorageProxy$DroppableRunnable.run(StorageProxy.java:1254) > at > java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1110) > at > java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:603) > at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:679) > Caused by: java.lang.RuntimeException: error reading 1 of 1 > at > org.apache.cassandra.db.columniterator.SimpleSliceReader.computeNext(SimpleSliceReader.java:83) > at > org.apache.cassandra.db.columniterator.SimpleSliceReader.computeNext(SimpleSliceReader.java:39) > at > com.google.common.collect.AbstractIterator.tryToComputeNext(AbstractIterator.java:140) > at > com.google.common.collect.AbstractIterator.hasNext(AbstractIterator.java:135) > at > org.apache.cassandra.db.columniterator.SSTableSliceIterator.hasNext(SSTableSliceIterator.java:108) > at > org.apache.cassandra.utils.MergeIterator$Candidate.advance(MergeIterator.java:147) > at > org.apache.cassandra.utils.MergeIterator$ManyToOne.<init>(MergeIterator.java:90) > at org.apache.cassandra.utils.MergeIterator.get(MergeIterator.java:47) > at > org.apache.cassandra.db.filter.QueryFilter.collateColumns(QueryFilter.java:137) > at > org.apache.cassandra.db.CollationController.collectAllData(CollationController.java:283) > at > org.apache.cassandra.db.CollationController.getTopLevelColumns(CollationController.java:63) > at > org.apache.cassandra.db.ColumnFamilyStore.getTopLevelColumns(ColumnFamilyStore.java:1321) > > > _______________________________________________ This message may contain information that is confidential or privileged. If you are not an intended recipient of this message, please delete it and any attachments, and notify the sender that you have received it in error. Unless specifically stated in the message or otherwise indicated, you may not duplicate, redistribute or forward this message or any portion thereof, including any attachments, by any means to any other person, including any retail investor or customer. This message is not a recommendation, advice, offer or solicitation, to buy/sell any product or service, and is not an official confirmation of any transaction. Any opinions presented are solely those of the author and do not necessarily represent those of Barclays. This message is subject to terms available at: www.barclays.com/emaildisclaimer and, if received from Barclays' Sales or Trading desk, the terms available at: www.barclays.com/salesandtradingdisclaimer/. By messaging with Barclays you consent to the foregoing. Barclays Bank PLC is a company registered in England (number 1026167) with its registered office at 1 Churchill Place, London, E14 5HP. This email may relate to or be sent from other members of the Barclays group. _______________________________________________
