I've been examining the zfs_arc_max setting to see if this can stabilize
the I/O performance. You may like to try setting this as a proportion of
your available memory to see if it improves things.  For example, with a
machine with 8GB of memory, I set this to 2GB and my test system went
from being able to reproduce your issue to one where the I/O performance
remained constant for hundreds of fio tests.

For example, to set 2GB arc max use:

echo 2147483648 | sudo tee /sys/module/zfs/parameters/zfs_arc_max
sync
echo 3 | sudo tee /proc/sys/vm/drop_caches

If it is set too low it impacts on cache hits and this reduces I/O
rates.  If it is set too high you hit the issue you are seeing because
of cache contention between ZFS and the block layer.  I suspect the only
way to find the sweet spot for your use case is with some careful
experimentation. Don't rely on synthetic tests to set this, real world
I/O patterns are best to use for this kind of tuning.

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https://bugs.launchpad.net/bugs/1883676

Title:
  ZFS performance drops suddenly

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