I agree with reverting change in bionic, and that xenial still needs
some fix.

I recreated your failure in xenial and agree with your change there.
I used this job as it actually tries to write to the private tmp.

If I change 'ExecStart' below to be  just '/bin/true' like in your job,
it does not fail (status says 'code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS).  But the
command below seems to never get exited (it produces no output).

So it seems to me that the 'Read only filesystem' error is not even from
the service itself, but rather from systemd, and also dependent on the
content in ExecStart.

$ cat /lib/systemd/system/my-ptmp-test.service
[Unit]
Description=foo
DefaultDependencies=no
[Service]
Type=oneshot
PrivateTmp=yes
ExecStart=/bin/sh -ec 'f=/tmp/my.txt; uptime > $f; echo ==; cat $f; echo ==; 
cat /proc/mounts'
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target


Then we can see the same failure:

$ journalctl -o short-monotonic --no-pager | grep --context=2 my-ptmp-test
[    7.715220] xenial-20180223-142555 systemd[1]: Created slice System Slice.
[    7.718923] xenial-20180223-142555 systemd[1]: Created slice 
system-systemd\x2dfsck.slice.
[    7.740250] xenial-20180223-142555 systemd[1]: my-ptmp-test.service: Failed 
to run 'start' task: Read-only file system
[    7.749135] xenial-20180223-142555 systemd[1]: Failed to start foo.
[    7.754114] xenial-20180223-142555 systemd[1]: my-ptmp-test.service: Unit 
entered failed state.
[    7.760217] xenial-20180223-142555 systemd[1]: my-ptmp-test.service: Failed 
with result 'resources'.
[    7.764170] xenial-20180223-142555 systemd[1]: Starting Load Kernel 
Modules...
[    7.775558] xenial-20180223-142555 systemd[1]: Starting Journal Service...

$ systemctl status my-ptmp-test.service --no-pager --full
● my-ptmp-test.service - foo
   Loaded: loaded (/lib/systemd/system/my-ptmp-test.service; enabled; vendor 
preset: enabled)
   Active: failed (Result: resources)

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https://bugs.launchpad.net/bugs/1750780

Title:
  Race with local file systems can make open-vm-tools fail to start

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